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286 lines
9.7 KiB
Markdown
286 lines
9.7 KiB
Markdown
# Mac OS X (aka macOS).
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These instructions are for people using Apple's Mac OS X (pronounced
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"ten"), which in newer versions is just referred to as "macOS".
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From the developer's point of view, macOS is a sort of hybrid Mac and
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Unix system, and you have the option of using either traditional
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command line tools or Apple's IDE Xcode.
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# Command Line Build
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To build SDL using the command line, use the standard configure and make
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process:
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```bash
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mkdir build
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cd build
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../configure
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make
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sudo make install
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```
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CMake is also known to work, although it continues to be a work in progress:
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```bash
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mkdir build
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cd build
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cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ..
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make
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sudo make install
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```
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You can also build SDL as a Universal library (a single binary for both
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64-bit Intel and ARM architectures), by using the build-scripts/clang-fat.sh
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script.
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```bash
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mkdir build
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cd build
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CC=$PWD/../build-scripts/clang-fat.sh ../configure
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make
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sudo make install
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```
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This script builds SDL with 10.6 ABI compatibility on 64-bit Intel and 11.0
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ABI compatibility on ARM64 architectures. For best compatibility you
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should compile your application the same way.
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Please note that building SDL requires at least Xcode 4.6 and the 10.7 SDK
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(even if you target back to 10.6 systems). PowerPC support for Mac OS X has
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been officially dropped as of SDL 2.0.2. 32-bit Intel, using an older Xcode
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release, is still supported at the time of this writing, but current Xcode
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releases no longer support it, and eventually neither will SDL.
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To use the library once it's built, you essential have two possibilities:
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use the traditional autoconf/automake/make method, or use Xcode.
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# Caveats for using SDL with Mac OS X
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If you register your own NSApplicationDelegate (using [NSApp setDelegate:]),
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SDL will not register its own. This means that SDL will not terminate using
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SDL_Quit if it receives a termination request, it will terminate like a
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normal app, and it will not send a SDL_DROPFILE when you request to open a
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file with the app. To solve these issues, put the following code in your
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NSApplicationDelegate implementation:
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```objc
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- (NSApplicationTerminateReply)applicationShouldTerminate:(NSApplication *)sender
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{
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if (SDL_GetEventState(SDL_QUIT) == SDL_ENABLE) {
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SDL_Event event;
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event.type = SDL_QUIT;
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SDL_PushEvent(&event);
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}
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return NSTerminateCancel;
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}
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- (BOOL)application:(NSApplication *)theApplication openFile:(NSString *)filename
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{
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if (SDL_GetEventState(SDL_DROPFILE) == SDL_ENABLE) {
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SDL_Event event;
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event.type = SDL_DROPFILE;
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event.drop.file = SDL_strdup([filename UTF8String]);
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return (SDL_PushEvent(&event) > 0);
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}
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return NO;
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}
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```
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# Using the Simple DirectMedia Layer with a traditional Makefile
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An existing autoconf/automake build system for your SDL app has good chances
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to work almost unchanged on macOS. However, to produce a "real" Mac binary
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that you can distribute to users, you need to put the generated binary into a
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so called "bundle", which is basically a fancy folder with a name like
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"MyCoolGame.app".
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To get this build automatically, add something like the following rule to
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your Makefile.am:
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```make
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bundle_contents = APP_NAME.app/Contents
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APP_NAME_bundle: EXE_NAME
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mkdir -p $(bundle_contents)/MacOS
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mkdir -p $(bundle_contents)/Resources
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echo "APPL????" > $(bundle_contents)/PkgInfo
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$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) $< $(bundle_contents)/MacOS/
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```
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You should replace `EXE_NAME` with the name of the executable. `APP_NAME` is
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what will be visible to the user in the Finder. Usually it will be the same
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as `EXE_NAME` but capitalized. E.g. if `EXE_NAME` is "testgame" then `APP_NAME`
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usually is "TestGame". You might also want to use `@PACKAGE@` to use the
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package name as specified in your configure.ac file.
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If your project builds more than one application, you will have to do a bit
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more. For each of your target applications, you need a separate rule.
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If you want the created bundles to be installed, you may want to add this
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rule to your Makefile.am:
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```make
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install-exec-hook: APP_NAME_bundle
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rm -rf $(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/Applications/APP_NAME.app
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mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/Applications/
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cp -r $< /$(DESTDIR)$(prefix)Applications/
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```
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This rule takes the Bundle created by the rule from step 3 and installs them
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into "$(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/Applications/".
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Again, if you want to install multiple applications, you will have to augment
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the make rule accordingly.
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But beware! That is only part of the story! With the above, you end up with
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a barebones .app bundle, which is double-clickable from the Finder. But
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there are some more things you should do before shipping your product...
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1. The bundle right now probably is dynamically linked against SDL. That
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means that when you copy it to another computer, *it will not run*,
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unless you also install SDL on that other computer. A good solution
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for this dilemma is to static link against SDL. On OS X, you can
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achieve that by linking against the libraries listed by
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```bash
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sdl-config --static-libs
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```
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instead of those listed by
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```bash
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sdl-config --libs
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```
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Depending on how exactly SDL is integrated into your build systems, the
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way to achieve that varies, so I won't describe it here in detail
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2. Add an 'Info.plist' to your application. That is a special XML file which
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contains some meta-information about your application (like some copyright
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information, the version of your app, the name of an optional icon file,
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and other things). Part of that information is displayed by the Finder
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when you click on the .app, or if you look at the "Get Info" window.
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More information about Info.plist files can be found on Apple's homepage.
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As a final remark, let me add that I use some of the techniques (and some
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variations of them) in [Exult](https://github.com/exult/exult) and
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[ScummVM](https://github.com/scummvm/scummvm); both are available in source on
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the net, so feel free to take a peek at them for inspiration!
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# Using the Simple DirectMedia Layer with Xcode
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These instructions are for using Apple's Xcode IDE to build SDL applications.
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## First steps
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The first thing to do is to unpack the Xcode.tar.gz archive in the
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top level SDL directory (where the Xcode.tar.gz archive resides).
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Because Stuffit Expander will unpack the archive into a subdirectory,
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you should unpack the archive manually from the command line:
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```bash
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cd [path_to_SDL_source]
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tar zxf Xcode.tar.gz
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```
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This will create a new folder called Xcode, which you can browse
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normally from the Finder.
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## Building the Framework
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The SDL Library is packaged as a framework bundle, an organized
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relocatable folder hierarchy of executable code, interface headers,
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and additional resources. For practical purposes, you can think of a
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framework as a more user and system-friendly shared library, whose library
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file behaves more or less like a standard UNIX shared library.
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To build the framework, simply open the framework project and build it.
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By default, the framework bundle "SDL.framework" is installed in
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/Library/Frameworks. Therefore, the testers and project stationary expect
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it to be located there. However, it will function the same in any of the
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following locations:
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* ~/Library/Frameworks
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* /Local/Library/Frameworks
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* /System/Library/Frameworks
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## Build Options
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There are two "Build Styles" (See the "Targets" tab) for SDL.
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"Deployment" should be used if you aren't tweaking the SDL library.
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"Development" should be used to debug SDL apps or the library itself.
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## Building the Testers
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Open the SDLTest project and build away!
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## Using the Project Stationary
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Copy the stationary to the indicated folders to access it from
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the "New Project" and "Add target" menus. What could be easier?
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## Setting up a new project by hand
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Some of you won't want to use the Stationary so I'll give some tips:
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(this is accurate as of Xcode 12.5.)
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* Click "File" -> "New" -> "Project...
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* Choose "macOS" and then "App" from the "Application" section.
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* Fill out the options in the next window. User interface is "XIB" and
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Language is "Objective-C".
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* Remove "main.m" from your project
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* Remove "MainMenu.xib" from your project
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* Remove "AppDelegates.*" from your project
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* Add "\$(HOME)/Library/Frameworks/SDL.framework/Headers" to include path
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* Add "\$(HOME)/Library/Frameworks" to the frameworks search path
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* Add "-framework SDL -framework Foundation -framework AppKit" to "OTHER_LDFLAGS"
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* Add your files
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* Clean and build
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## Building from command line
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Use `xcode-build` in the same directory as your .pbxproj file
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## Running your app
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You can send command line args to your app by either invoking it from
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the command line (in *.app/Contents/MacOS) or by entering them in the
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Executables" panel of the target settings.
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# Implementation Notes
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Some things that may be of interest about how it all works...
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## Working directory
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In SDL 1.2, the working directory of your SDL app is by default set to its
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parent, but this is no longer the case in SDL 2.0. SDL2 does change the
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working directory, which means it'll be whatever the command line prompt
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that launched the program was using, or if launched by double-clicking in
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the finger, it will be "/", the _root of the filesystem_. Plan accordingly!
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You can use SDL_GetBasePath() to find where the program is running from and
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chdir() there directly.
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## You have a Cocoa App!
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Your SDL app is essentially a Cocoa application. When your app
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starts up and the libraries finish loading, a Cocoa procedure is called,
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which sets up the working directory and calls your main() method.
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You are free to modify your Cocoa app with generally no consequence
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to SDL. You cannot, however, easily change the SDL window itself.
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Functionality may be added in the future to help this.
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# Bug reports
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Bugs are tracked at [the GitHub issue tracker](https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/).
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Please feel free to report bugs there!
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