zmusic/source/midisources/midisource.cpp

/*
 ** midisource.cpp
 ** Implements base class for the different MIDI formats
 **
 **---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ** Copyright 2008-2016 Randy Heit
 ** Copyright 2017-2018 Christoph Oelckers
 ** All rights reserved.
 **
 ** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 ** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 ** are met:
 **
 ** 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 **    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 ** 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 **    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 **    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 ** 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
 **    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 **
 ** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 ** IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 ** OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 ** IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 ** INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 ** NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 ** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 ** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 ** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 ** THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 **---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 **
 */

#include "zmusic_internal.h"
#include "midisource.h"


char MIDI_EventLengths[7] = { 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2 };
char MIDI_CommonLengths[15] = { 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };


//==========================================================================
//
// MIDISource :: SetTempo
//
// Sets the tempo from a track's initial meta events. Later tempo changes
// create MEVENT_TEMPO events instead.
//
//==========================================================================

void MIDISource::SetTempo(int new_tempo)
{
	InitialTempo = new_tempo;
	// This intentionally uses a callback to avoid any dependencies on the class that is playing the song.
	// This should probably be done differently, but right now that's not yet possible.
	if (TempoCallback(new_tempo))
	{
		Tempo = new_tempo;
	}
}


//==========================================================================
//
// MIDISource :: ClampLoopCount
//
// We use the XMIDI interpretation of loop count here, where 1 means it
// plays that section once (in other words, no loop) rather than the EMIDI
// interpretation where 1 means to loop it once.
//
// If LoopLimit is 1, we limit all loops, since this pass over the song is
// used to determine instruments for precaching.
//
// If LoopLimit is higher, we only limit infinite loops, since this song is
// being exported.
//
//==========================================================================

int MIDISource::ClampLoopCount(int loopcount)
{
	if (LoopLimit == 0)
	{
		return loopcount;
	}
	if (LoopLimit == 1)
	{
		return 1;
	}
	if (loopcount == 0)
	{
		return LoopLimit;
	}
	return loopcount;
}

//==========================================================================
//
// MIDISource :: VolumeControllerChange
//
// Some devices don't support master volume
// (e.g. the Audigy's software MIDI synth--but not its two hardware ones),
// so assume none of them do and scale channel volumes manually.
//
//==========================================================================

int MIDISource::VolumeControllerChange(int channel, int volume)
{
	ChannelVolumes[channel] = volume;
	// When exporting this MIDI file,
	// we should not adjust the volume level.
	return Exporting? volume : ((volume + 1) * Volume) >> 16;
}

//==========================================================================
//
// MIDISource :: Precache
//
// Generates a list of instruments this song uses and passes them to the
// MIDI device for precaching. The default implementation here pretends to
// play the song and watches for program change events on normal channels
// and note on events on channel 10.
//
//==========================================================================

std::vector<uint16_t> MIDISource::PrecacheData()
{
	uint32_t Events[2][MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*3];
	uint8_t found_instruments[256] = { 0, };
	uint8_t found_banks[256] = { 0, };
	bool multiple_banks = false;
	
	LoopLimit = 1;
	DoRestart();
	found_banks[0] = true;		// Bank 0 is always used.
	found_banks[128] = true;
	
	// Simulate playback to pick out used instruments.
	while (!CheckDone())
	{
		uint32_t *event_end = MakeEvents(Events[0], &Events[0][MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*3], 1000000*600);
		for (uint32_t *event = Events[0]; event < event_end; )
		{
			if (MEVENT_EVENTTYPE(event[2]) == 0)
			{
				int command = (event[2] & 0x70);
				int channel = (event[2] & 0x0f);
				int data1 = (event[2] >> 8) & 0x7f;
				int data2 = (event[2] >> 16) & 0x7f;
				
				if (channel != 9 && command == (MIDI_PRGMCHANGE & 0x70))
				{
					found_instruments[data1] = true;
				}
				else if (channel == 9 && command == (MIDI_PRGMCHANGE & 0x70) && data1 != 0)
				{ // On a percussion channel, program change also serves as bank select.
					multiple_banks = true;
					found_banks[data1 | 128] = true;
				}
				else if (channel == 9 && command == (MIDI_NOTEON & 0x70) && data2 != 0)
				{
					found_instruments[data1 | 128] = true;
				}
				else if (command == (MIDI_CTRLCHANGE & 0x70) && data1 == 0 && data2 != 0)
				{
					multiple_banks = true;
					if (channel == 9)
					{
						found_banks[data2 | 128] = true;
					}
					else
					{
						found_banks[data2] = true;
					}
				}
			}
			// Advance to next event
			if (event[2] < 0x80000000)
			{ // short message
				event += 3;
			}
			else
			{ // long message
				event += 3 + ((MEVENT_EVENTPARM(event[2]) + 3) >> 2);
			}
		}
	}
	DoRestart();
	
	// Now pack everything into a contiguous region for the PrecacheInstruments call().
	std::vector<uint16_t> packed;
	
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
	{
		if (found_instruments[i])
		{
			uint16_t packnum = (i & 127) | ((i & 128) << 7);
			if (!multiple_banks)
			{
				packed.push_back(packnum);
			}
			else
			{ // In order to avoid having to multiplex tracks in a type 1 file,
				// precache every used instrument in every used bank, even if not
				// all combinations are actually used.
				for (int j = 0; j < 128; ++j)
				{
					if (found_banks[j + (i & 128)])
					{
						packed.push_back(packnum | (j << 7));
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return packed;
}

//==========================================================================
//
// MIDISource :: CheckCaps
//
// Called immediately after the device is opened in case a source should
// want to alter its behavior depending on which device it got.
//
//==========================================================================

void MIDISource::CheckCaps(int tech)
{
}

//==========================================================================
//
// MIDISource :: SetMIDISubsong
//
// Selects which subsong to play. This is private.
//
//==========================================================================

bool MIDISource::SetMIDISubsong(int subsong)
{
	return subsong == 0;
}

//==========================================================================
//
// WriteVarLen
//
//==========================================================================

static void WriteVarLen (std::vector<uint8_t> &file, uint32_t value)
{
	uint32_t buffer = value & 0x7F;
	
	while ( (value >>= 7) )
	{
		buffer <<= 8;
		buffer |= (value & 0x7F) | 0x80;
	}
	
	for (;;)
	{
		file.push_back(uint8_t(buffer));
		if (buffer & 0x80)
		{
			buffer >>= 8;
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

//==========================================================================
//
// MIDIStreamer :: CreateSMF
//
// Simulates playback to create a Standard MIDI File.
//
//==========================================================================

void MIDISource::CreateSMF(std::vector<uint8_t> &file, int looplimit)
{
	const int EXPORT_LOOP_LIMIT =	30;		// Maximum number of times to loop when exporting a MIDI file.
	// (for songs with loop controller events)

	static const uint8_t StaticMIDIhead[] =
	{
		'M','T','h','d', 0, 0, 0, 6,
		0, 0, // format 0: only one track
		0, 1, // yes, there is really only one track
		0, 0, // divisions (filled in)
		'M','T','r','k', 0, 0, 0, 0,
		// The first event sets the tempo (filled in)
		0, 255, 81, 3, 0, 0, 0
	};

	uint32_t Events[2][MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*3];
	uint32_t delay = 0;
	uint8_t running_status = 255;
	
	// Always create songs aimed at GM devices.
	CheckCaps(MIDIDEV_MIDIPORT);
	LoopLimit = looplimit <= 0 ? EXPORT_LOOP_LIMIT : looplimit;
	DoRestart();
	StartPlayback(false, LoopLimit);
	
	file.resize(sizeof(StaticMIDIhead));
	memcpy(file.data(), StaticMIDIhead, sizeof(StaticMIDIhead));
	file[12] = Division >> 8;
	file[13] = Division & 0xFF;
	file[26] = InitialTempo >> 16;
	file[27] = InitialTempo >> 8;
	file[28] = InitialTempo;
	
	while (!CheckDone())
	{
		uint32_t *event_end = MakeEvents(Events[0], &Events[0][MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*3], 1000000*600);
		for (uint32_t *event = Events[0]; event < event_end; )
		{
			delay += event[0];
			if (MEVENT_EVENTTYPE(event[2]) == MEVENT_TEMPO)
			{
				WriteVarLen(file, delay);
				delay = 0;
				uint32_t tempo = MEVENT_EVENTPARM(event[2]);
				file.push_back(MIDI_META);
				file.push_back(MIDI_META_TEMPO);
				file.push_back(3);
				file.push_back(uint8_t(tempo >> 16));
				file.push_back(uint8_t(tempo >> 8));
				file.push_back(uint8_t(tempo));
				running_status = 255;
			}
			else if (MEVENT_EVENTTYPE(event[2]) == MEVENT_LONGMSG)
			{
				WriteVarLen(file, delay);
				delay = 0;
				uint32_t len = MEVENT_EVENTPARM(event[2]);
				uint8_t *bytes = (uint8_t *)&event[3];
				if (bytes[0] == MIDI_SYSEX)
				{
					len--;
					file.push_back(MIDI_SYSEX);
					WriteVarLen(file, len);
					auto p = file.size();
					file.resize(p + len);
					memcpy(&file[p], bytes + 1, len);
				}
				else
				{
					file.push_back(MIDI_SYSEXEND);
					WriteVarLen(file, len);
					auto p = file.size();
					file.resize(p + len);
					memcpy(&file[p], bytes, len);
				}
				running_status = 255;
			}
			else if (MEVENT_EVENTTYPE(event[2]) == 0)
			{
				WriteVarLen(file, delay);
				delay = 0;
				uint8_t status = uint8_t(event[2]);
				if (status != running_status)
				{
					running_status = status;
					file.push_back(status);
				}
				file.push_back(uint8_t((event[2] >> 8) & 0x7F));
				if (MIDI_EventLengths[(status >> 4) & 7] == 2)
				{
					file.push_back(uint8_t((event[2] >> 16) & 0x7F));
				}
			}
			// Advance to next event
			if (event[2] < 0x80000000)
			{ // short message
				event += 3;
			}
			else
			{ // long message
				event += 3 + ((MEVENT_EVENTPARM(event[2]) + 3) >> 2);
			}
		}
	}
	
	// End track
	WriteVarLen(file, delay);
	file.push_back(MIDI_META);
	file.push_back(MIDI_META_EOT);
	file.push_back(0);
	
	// Fill in track length
	uint32_t len = (uint32_t)file.size() - 22;
	file[18] = uint8_t(len >> 24);
	file[19] = uint8_t(len >> 16);
	file[20] = uint8_t(len >> 8);
	file[21] = uint8_t(len & 255);
	
	LoopLimit = 0;
}


//==========================================================================
//
// Global interface (identification / creation of MIDI sources)
//
//==========================================================================

extern int MUSHeaderSearch(const uint8_t *head, int len);

//==========================================================================
//
// identify MIDI file type
//
//==========================================================================

DLL_EXPORT EMIDIType ZMusic_IdentifyMIDIType(uint32_t *id, int size)
{
	// Check for MUS format
	// Tolerate sloppy wads by searching up to 32 bytes for the header
	if (MUSHeaderSearch((uint8_t*)id, size) >= 0)
	{
		return MIDI_MUS;
	}
	// Check for HMI format
	else 
	if (id[0] == MAKE_ID('H','M','I','-') &&
		id[1] == MAKE_ID('M','I','D','I') &&
		id[2] == MAKE_ID('S','O','N','G'))
	{
		return MIDI_HMI;
	}
	// Check for HMP format
	else
	if (id[0] == MAKE_ID('H','M','I','M') &&
		id[1] == MAKE_ID('I','D','I','P'))
	{
		return MIDI_HMI;
	}
	// Check for XMI format
	else
	if ((id[0] == MAKE_ID('F','O','R','M') &&
		 id[2] == MAKE_ID('X','D','I','R')) ||
		((id[0] == MAKE_ID('C','A','T',' ') || id[0] == MAKE_ID('F','O','R','M')) &&
		 id[2] == MAKE_ID('X','M','I','D')))
	{
		return MIDI_XMI;
	}
	// Check for MIDI format
	else if (id[0] == MAKE_ID('M','T','h','d'))
	{
		return MIDI_MIDI;
	}
	else
	{
		return MIDI_NOTMIDI;
	}
}

//==========================================================================
//
// create a source based on MIDI file type
//
//==========================================================================

DLL_EXPORT ZMusic_MidiSource ZMusic_CreateMIDISource(const uint8_t *data, size_t length, EMIDIType miditype)
{
	try
	{
		MIDISource* source;
		switch (miditype)
		{
		case MIDI_MUS:
			source = new MUSSong2(data, length);
			break;

		case MIDI_MIDI:
			source = new MIDISong2(data, length);
			break;

		case MIDI_HMI:
			source = new HMISong(data, length);
			break;

		case MIDI_XMI:
			source = new XMISong(data, length);
			break;

		default:
			SetError("Unable to identify MIDI data");
			source = nullptr;
			break;
		}
		return source;
	}
	catch (const std::exception & ex)
	{
		SetError(ex.what());
		return nullptr;
	}
}