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<span class="anchor" id="line-1"></span><p class="line867">
<h1 id="head-914e037b29014fe578d729556c825067c7e3c384">Sound Shader Creation</h1>
<span class="anchor" id="line-2"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-3"></span><p class="line874">The concept of "channels", as used in Quake3, is completely gone. There is no more SND_IDLE, SND_ACTION etc. These have been replaced by sound shaders. A sound shader defines the wavefiles, and the way they are played. Both .wav files and .ogg files can be used with the new Quake4 engine. <span class="anchor" id="line-4"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-5"></span><p class="line874">Sound shaders are just like the material shaders. They are located in the base\sound directory and have the extension .sndshd, you can create any number of sound shader files, they are all collected and loaded together at run time. <span class="anchor" id="line-6"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-7"></span><p class="line874">The sound shader is the root of all things audio with the new Quake4 engine. After you create a new sound, it is always a good idea to go ahead and create the shader immediately after. This way, things stay organized and you know which sounds are available to be used in game and which are not. It is also a good idea to regularly go through past shaders and clean them of unused or invalid sounds, this eliminates error messages and just keeps a tighter ship. <span class="anchor" id="line-8"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-9"></span><p class="line874">Here are a few examples of shaders: <span class="anchor" id="line-10"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-11"></span><p class="line867"><pre>ambient_machinery11
<span class="anchor" id="line-12"></span>{
<span class="anchor" id="line-13"></span> minDistance 40
<span class="anchor" id="line-14"></span> maxDistance 600
<span class="anchor" id="line-15"></span> volume 0
<span class="anchor" id="line-16"></span>
<span class="anchor" id="line-17"></span> looping
<span class="anchor" id="line-18"></span>
<span class="anchor" id="line-19"></span> sound/Ambience/industrial/machinery11.wav
<span class="anchor" id="line-20"></span>}
<span class="anchor" id="line-21"></span></pre><span class="anchor" id="line-22"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-23"></span><p class="line874">This particular shader is an ambient sound, which is created as a continuous loop. It begins the sound at full volume with a minimum distance of “40” and fades to silence over “600” units. The volume is set to the default setting of “0”, so it will play at whatever volume you have designed the sound for. Volume is measured in dB…so if you have a highly compressed sound, it probably isn’t a good idea to go over “0” in many instances, as you’ll get clipping/distortion. The “looping” entry has been inputted, thus making the sound loop to the beginning once it completes its playback cycle. <span class="anchor" id="line-24"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-25"></span><p class="line874">Here are some other examples: <span class="anchor" id="line-26"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-27"></span><p class="line867"><pre>gladiator_breathe
<span class="anchor" id="line-28"></span>{
<span class="anchor" id="line-29"></span> description "gladiator huffin and puffin"
<span class="anchor" id="line-30"></span>
<span class="anchor" id="line-31"></span> minDistance 400
<span class="anchor" id="line-32"></span> maxDistance 1200
<span class="anchor" id="line-33"></span> volume 0
<span class="anchor" id="line-34"></span>
<span class="anchor" id="line-35"></span> sound/Strogg/gladiator/breath01.wav
<span class="anchor" id="line-36"></span> sound/Strogg/gladiator/breath02.wav
<span class="anchor" id="line-37"></span> sound/Strogg/gladiator/breath03.wav
<span class="anchor" id="line-38"></span> sound/Strogg/gladiator/breath04.wav
<span class="anchor" id="line-39"></span>}
<span class="anchor" id="line-40"></span></pre><span class="anchor" id="line-41"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-42"></span><p class="line867"><pre>sound player_steps_solid_metal
<span class="anchor" id="line-43"></span>{
<span class="anchor" id="line-44"></span> description "player footstep sound when walking on solid metal materials"
<span class="anchor" id="line-45"></span>
<span class="anchor" id="line-46"></span> minDistance 400
<span class="anchor" id="line-47"></span> maxDistance 1200
<span class="anchor" id="line-48"></span> volumeDb 0
<span class="anchor" id="line-49"></span> frequentlyUsed
<span class="anchor" id="line-50"></span> no_dups
<span class="anchor" id="line-51"></span>
<span class="anchor" id="line-52"></span> sound/marine/player/steps/concrete_01
<span class="anchor" id="line-53"></span> sound/marine/player/steps/concrete_02
<span class="anchor" id="line-54"></span>}
<span class="anchor" id="line-55"></span></pre><span class="anchor" id="line-56"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-57"></span><p class="line874">Notice that these have a selection of different sounds, the shader system will pull a random sound from this list whenever it fires one off. You will also notice that the minimum and maximum distance on these particular sounds are somewhat larger, which allows the player to hear the sound more distinctly from further away from the origin of the sound. <span class="anchor" id="line-58"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-59"></span><p class="line867"><strong>Here are all of the options:</strong> <span class="anchor" id="line-60"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-61"></span><p class="line867"><em>description [string]</em> - a string that decribes what the sound is used for and/or how it is used. For dialog, it is normally the phrase that is spoken. It is purely for development purposes and is not required by the sound engine. <span class="anchor" id="line-62"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-63"></span><p class="line867"><em>minDistance [float]</em> – sets the minimum distance from where the sound emanates in world units. It’s a good idea to set this to about 40 – 120 when use on a world object or creature. <span class="anchor" id="line-64"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-65"></span><p class="line867"><em>maxDistance [float]</em> – sets the maximum distance from where the sound emanates. Beyond this distance the sound cannot be heard. <span class="anchor" id="line-66"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-67"></span><p class="line867"><em>volumeDb [float]</em> – sets the volume for the sound within the world in decibels. 0 is the default volume, -60 is complete silence. <span class="anchor" id="line-68"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-69"></span><p class="line867"><em>leadinVolume [float]</em> - volume of the leadin sound on a 0 (silence) to 1 (full volume) scale. <span class="anchor" id="line-70"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-71"></span><p class="line867"><em>unclamped</em> - by default, each channel's volume is clamped to 1.0 after all the attenuation calculations. Setting this flag means this clamp is not applied. Unclamped can be applied to all channels by setting the cvar s_clipVolumes to 0. <span class="anchor" id="line-72"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-73"></span><p class="line867"><em>looping</em> – sets the shader to loop. <span class="anchor" id="line-74"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-75"></span><p class="line867"><em>playOnce</em> - don't restart the sound if it is already playing on this channel. <span class="anchor" id="line-76"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-77"></span><p class="line867"><em>global</em> – this forces the sound to ignore the min/maxDistance settings and play it globally. Mainly used for music and Multiplayer announcements. <span class="anchor" id="line-78"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-79"></span><p class="line867"><em>private</em> - only hear the sound on the player that plays the sound. <span class="anchor" id="line-80"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-81"></span><p class="line867"><em>antiPrivate</em> - the player that plays this sound cannot hear it. <span class="anchor" id="line-82"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-83"></span><p class="line867"><em>no_occlusion</em> – sets the shader to not occlude, meaning that you will hear them through walls and such. Very useful for creepy kind of stuff, music beds, and doors opening and closing. <span class="anchor" id="line-84"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-85"></span><p class="line867"><em>omnidirectional</em> - by default, sounds navigate through the portal tree to work out their distance from the listener. Sounds with this flag do a simple distance check and play at the same volume in all speakers. <span class="anchor" id="line-86"></span><span class="anchor" id="line-87"></span><p class="line867"><em>no_dups</em> – this is a setting that doesn’t allow the shader system to repeat two random sounds back to back
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