diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 48ac10c..f26a3e1 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -194,7 +194,6 @@ set( HEADERS
 	src/lightmap/worker.h
 	src/lightmap/collision.h
 	src/lightmap/halffloat.h
-	src/lightmap/kexlib/array.h
 	src/lightmap/kexlib/binfile.h
 	src/lightmap/kexlib/kstring.h
 	src/lightmap/kexlib/memheap.h
diff --git a/src/lightmap/common.h b/src/lightmap/common.h
index e80031b..d4ca17b 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/common.h
+++ b/src/lightmap/common.h
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <vector>
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 #pragma warning(disable: 4267) // warning C4267: 'argument': conversion from 'size_t' to 'int', possible loss of data
diff --git a/src/lightmap/kexlib/array.h b/src/lightmap/kexlib/array.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 87fbfb4..0000000
--- a/src/lightmap/kexlib/array.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,263 +0,0 @@
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Note: this is a modified version of dlight. It is not the original software.
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2013-2014 Samuel Villarreal
-// svkaiser@gmail.com
-//
-// This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
-// warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
-// arising from the use of this software.
-//
-// Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
-// including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
-// freely, subject to the following restrictions:
-//
-//    1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
-//    claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
-//    in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
-//    appreciated but is not required.
-//
-//   2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
-//   misrepresented as being the original software.
-//
-//    3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
-//    distribution.
-//
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <assert.h>
-
-template<class type>
-class kexArray
-{
-public:
-	kexArray();
-	~kexArray();
-
-	typedef int compare_t(const type*, const type*);
-
-	void Push(type o);
-	void Pop();
-	void Empty();
-	void Init();
-	void Resize(unsigned int size);
-	type IndexOf(unsigned int index) const;
-	bool Contains(const type check) const;
-	void Splice(const unsigned int start, unsigned int len);
-	void Sort(compare_t *function);
-	void Sort(compare_t *function, unsigned int count);
-
-	const unsigned int Length() const { return length; }
-	type GetData(const int index) { return data[index]; }
-
-	type &operator[](unsigned int index);
-	kexArray<type> &operator=(const kexArray<type> &arr);
-
-protected:
-	type *data;
-	unsigned int length;
-	unsigned int aidx;
-};
-
-template<class type>
-kexArray<type>::kexArray()
-{
-	Init();
-}
-
-template<class type>
-kexArray<type>::~kexArray()
-{
-	Empty();
-}
-
-template<class type>
-void kexArray<type>::Init()
-{
-	data = NULL;
-	length = 0;
-	aidx = 0;
-}
-
-template<class type>
-void kexArray<type>::Resize(unsigned int size)
-{
-	type *tmp;
-
-	if (size == length)
-	{
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (size <= 0 && length != 0)
-	{
-		delete[] data;
-		data = NULL;
-		length = 0;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (length == 0)
-	{
-		data = new type[size];
-		length = size;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	tmp = data;
-	data = new type[size];
-
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < length; i++)
-	{
-		data[i] = tmp[i];
-	}
-
-	length = size;
-	delete[] tmp;
-}
-
-template<class type>
-void kexArray<type>::Push(type o)
-{
-	Resize(length + 1);
-	data[aidx++] = o;
-}
-
-template<class type>
-void kexArray<type>::Pop()
-{
-	if (length == 0)
-	{
-		return;
-	}
-
-	Resize(length - 1);
-	aidx--;
-}
-
-template<class type>
-void kexArray<type>::Empty()
-{
-	if (data && length > 0)
-	{
-		delete[] data;
-		data = NULL;
-		length = 0;
-		aidx = 0;
-	}
-}
-
-template<class type>
-type kexArray<type>::IndexOf(unsigned int index) const
-{
-	if (index >= length)
-	{
-		index = length - 1;
-	}
-
-	return data[index];
-}
-
-template<class type>
-bool kexArray<type>::Contains(const type check) const
-{
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < length; ++i)
-	{
-		if (data[i] == check)
-		{
-			return true;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return false;
-}
-
-template<class type>
-void kexArray<type>::Splice(const unsigned int start, unsigned int len)
-{
-	if (length == 0 || len == 0)
-	{
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (len >= length)
-	{
-		len = length;
-	}
-
-	type *tmp = new type[len];
-
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < len; i++)
-	{
-		tmp[i] = data[start + i];
-	}
-
-	delete[] data;
-	data = tmp;
-	length = length - len;
-	aidx = length - 1;
-}
-
-// Note that data will be shuffled around, so this could invalidate any pointers that relies on the array/data
-template<class type>
-void kexArray<type>::Sort(compare_t *function)
-{
-	if (data == NULL)
-	{
-		return;
-	}
-
-	typedef int compareCast(const void*, const void*);
-	compareCast *cmpFunc = (compareCast*)function;
-
-	qsort((void*)data, length, sizeof(type), cmpFunc);
-}
-
-// Note that data will be shuffled around, so this could invalidate any pointers that relies on the array/data
-template<class type>
-void kexArray<type>::Sort(compare_t *function, unsigned int count)
-{
-	if (data == NULL)
-	{
-		return;
-	}
-
-	typedef int compareCast(const void*, const void*);
-	compareCast *cmpFunc = (compareCast*)function;
-
-	qsort((void*)data, count, sizeof(type), cmpFunc);
-}
-
-template <class type>
-type &kexArray<type>::operator[](unsigned int index)
-{
-	assert(index < length);
-	return data[index];
-}
-
-template <class type>
-kexArray<type> &kexArray<type>::operator=(const kexArray<type> &arr)
-{
-	if (data)
-	{
-		delete[] data;
-	}
-
-	data = NULL;
-	length = arr.length;
-	aidx = arr.aidx;
-
-	if (arr.length > 0)
-	{
-		data = new type[arr.length];
-
-		for (unsigned int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
-		{
-			data[i] = arr.data[i];
-		}
-	}
-
-	return *this;
-}
diff --git a/src/lightmap/kexlib/kstring.cpp b/src/lightmap/kexlib/kstring.cpp
index 5d1bad0..eaea3f4 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/kexlib/kstring.cpp
+++ b/src/lightmap/kexlib/kstring.cpp
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ kexStr kexStr::Substr(int start, int len) const
 
 	return str.Concat((const char*)&charPtr[start], len);
 }
-
+/*
 void kexStr::Split(kexStrList &list, const char seperator)
 {
 	int splitLen = 0;
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ void kexStr::Split(kexStrList &list, const char seperator)
 		list.Push(kexStr(&charPtr[startOffs], splitLen));
 	}
 }
-
+*/
 int kexStr::Atoi()
 {
 	return atoi(charPtr);
diff --git a/src/lightmap/kexlib/kstring.h b/src/lightmap/kexlib/kstring.h
index b767853..d7f3e97 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/kexlib/kstring.h
+++ b/src/lightmap/kexlib/kstring.h
@@ -29,11 +29,10 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 #include "lightmap/common.h"
-#include "array.h"
 
 class kexStr;
 
-typedef kexArray<kexStr>        kexStrList;
+//typedef kexArray<kexStr>        kexStrList;
 
 class kexStr
 {
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ public:
 	kexStr              &ToLower();
 	int                 Hash();
 	kexStr              Substr(int start, int len) const;
-	void                Split(kexStrList &list, const char seperator);
+	//void                Split(kexStrList &list, const char seperator);
 	int                 Atoi();
 	float               Atof();
 	void                WriteToFile(const char *file);
diff --git a/src/lightmap/lightmap.cpp b/src/lightmap/lightmap.cpp
index c123901..0596e5c 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/lightmap.cpp
+++ b/src/lightmap/lightmap.cpp
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::NewTexture()
 	memset(allocBlocks[numTextures - 1], 0, sizeof(int) * textureWidth);
 
 	uint16_t *texture = (uint16_t*)Mem_Calloc((textureWidth * textureHeight) * 3 * 2, hb_static);
-	textures.Push(texture);
+	textures.push_back(texture);
 }
 
 // Determines where to map a new block on to the lightmap texture
@@ -547,10 +547,10 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::TraceSurface(surface_t *surface)
 void kexLightmapBuilder::LightSurface(const int surfid)
 {
 	float remaining;
-	int numsurfs = surfaces.Length();
+	int numsurfs = surfaces.size();
 
 	// TODO: this should NOT happen, but apparently, it can randomly occur
-	if (surfaces.Length() == 0)
+	if (surfaces.size() == 0)
 	{
 		return;
 	}
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::CreateLightmaps(FLevel &doomMap)
 	printf("------------- Tracing surfaces -------------\n");
 
 	processed = 0;
-	kexWorker::RunJob(surfaces.Length(), [=](int id) {
+	kexWorker::RunJob(surfaces.size(), [=](int id) {
 		LightSurface(id);
 	});
 
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::AddLightmapLump(FWadWriter &wadFile)
 	// Calculate size of lump
 	int numTexCoords = 0;
 	int numSurfaces = 0;
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surfaces.Length(); i++)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < surfaces.size(); i++)
 	{
 		if (surfaces[i]->lightmapNum != -1)
 		{
@@ -599,9 +599,9 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::AddLightmapLump(FWadWriter &wadFile)
 	}
 	int version = 0;
 	int headerSize = 3 * sizeof(uint32_t) + 2 * sizeof(uint16_t);
-	int surfacesSize = surfaces.Length() * 5 * sizeof(uint32_t);
+	int surfacesSize = surfaces.size() * 5 * sizeof(uint32_t);
 	int texCoordsSize = numTexCoords * 2 * sizeof(float);
-	int texDataSize = textures.Length() * textureWidth * textureHeight * 3 * 2;
+	int texDataSize = textures.size() * textureWidth * textureHeight * 3 * 2;
 	int lumpSize = headerSize + surfacesSize + texCoordsSize + texDataSize;
 
 	// Setup buffer
@@ -612,13 +612,13 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::AddLightmapLump(FWadWriter &wadFile)
 	// Write header
 	lumpFile.Write32(version);
 	lumpFile.Write16(textureWidth);
-	lumpFile.Write16(textures.Length());
+	lumpFile.Write16(textures.size());
 	lumpFile.Write32(numSurfaces);
 	lumpFile.Write32(numTexCoords);
 
 	// Write surfaces
 	int coordOffsets = 0;
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surfaces.Length(); i++)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < surfaces.size(); i++)
 	{
 		if (surfaces[i]->lightmapNum == -1)
 			continue;
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::AddLightmapLump(FWadWriter &wadFile)
 	}
 
 	// Write texture coordinates
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surfaces.Length(); i++)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < surfaces.size(); i++)
 	{
 		if (surfaces[i]->lightmapNum == -1)
 			continue;
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::AddLightmapLump(FWadWriter &wadFile)
 	}
 
 	// Write lightmap textures
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < textures.Length(); i++)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < textures.size(); i++)
 	{
 		unsigned int count = (textureWidth * textureHeight) * 3;
 		for (unsigned int j = 0; j < count; j++)
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::WriteTexturesToTGA()
 {
 	kexBinFile file;
 
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < textures.Length(); i++)
+	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < textures.size(); i++)
 	{
 		file.Create(Va("lightmap_%02d.tga", i));
 		file.Write16(0);
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ void kexLightmapBuilder::WriteMeshToOBJ()
 
 	std::map<int, std::vector<surface_t*>> sortedSurfs;
 
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surfaces.Length(); i++)
+	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surfaces.size(); i++)
 		sortedSurfs[surfaces[i]->lightmapNum].push_back(surfaces[i]);
 
 	for (const auto &it : sortedSurfs)
diff --git a/src/lightmap/lightmap.h b/src/lightmap/lightmap.h
index 36a8550..fb437ba 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/lightmap.h
+++ b/src/lightmap/lightmap.h
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ private:
 	bool EmitFromCeiling(kexTrace &trace, const surface_t *surface, const kexVec3 &origin, const kexVec3 &normal, kexVec3 &color);
 
 	FLevel *map;
-	kexArray<uint16_t*> textures;
+	std::vector<uint16_t*> textures;
 	int **allocBlocks;
 	int numTextures;
 	int extraSamples;
diff --git a/src/lightmap/lightsurface.cpp b/src/lightmap/lightsurface.cpp
index 870dfc0..13656d7 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/lightsurface.cpp
+++ b/src/lightmap/lightsurface.cpp
@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ void kexLightSurface::CreateCenterOrigin()
 			center += surface->verts[i];
 		}
 
-		origins.Push(center / (float)surface->numVerts);
+		origins.push_back(center / (float)surface->numVerts);
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		origins.Push(kexVec3((surface->verts[1].x + surface->verts[0].x) * 0.5f,
+		origins.push_back(kexVec3((surface->verts[1].x + surface->verts[0].x) * 0.5f,
 			(surface->verts[1].y + surface->verts[0].y) * 0.5f,
 			(surface->verts[2].z + surface->verts[0].z) * 0.5f));
 	}
@@ -79,32 +79,32 @@ void kexLightSurface::CreateCenterOrigin()
 // Splits surface vertices into two groups while adding new ones caused by the split
 void kexLightSurface::Clip(vertexBatch_t &points, const kexVec3 &normal, float dist, vertexBatch_t *frontPoints, vertexBatch_t *backPoints)
 {
-	kexArray<float> dists;
-	kexArray<char> sides;
+	std::vector<float> dists;
+	std::vector<char> sides;
 
 	// determines what sides the vertices lies on
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < points.Length(); ++i)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < points.size(); ++i)
 	{
 		float d = points[i].Dot(normal) - dist;
 
-		dists.Push(d);
+		dists.push_back(d);
 
 		if (d > 0.1f)
 		{
-			sides.Push(1);      // front
+			sides.push_back(1);      // front
 		}
 		else if (d < -0.1f)
 		{
-			sides.Push(-1);     // directly on the split plane
+			sides.push_back(-1);     // directly on the split plane
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			sides.Push(0);      // back
+			sides.push_back(0);      // back
 		}
 	}
 
 	// add points
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < points.Length(); ++i)
+	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < points.size(); ++i)
 	{
 		int next;
 		float frac;
@@ -113,16 +113,16 @@ void kexLightSurface::Clip(vertexBatch_t &points, const kexVec3 &normal, float d
 		switch (sides[i])
 		{
 		case -1:
-			backPoints->Push(points[i]);
+			backPoints->push_back(points[i]);
 			break;
 
 		case 1:
-			frontPoints->Push(points[i]);
+			frontPoints->push_back(points[i]);
 			break;
 
 		default:
-			frontPoints->Push(points[i]);
-			backPoints->Push(points[i]);
+			frontPoints->push_back(points[i]);
+			backPoints->push_back(points[i]);
 
 			// point is on the split plane so no new split vertex is needed
 			continue;
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ void kexLightSurface::Clip(vertexBatch_t &points, const kexVec3 &normal, float d
 		}
 
 		// check if the edge crosses the split plane
-		next = (i + 1) % points.Length();
+		next = (i + 1) % points.size();
 
 		if (sides[next] == 0 || sides[next] == sides[i])
 		{
@@ -145,13 +145,13 @@ void kexLightSurface::Clip(vertexBatch_t &points, const kexVec3 &normal, float d
 		frac = dists[i] / (dists[i] - dists[next]);
 		pt3 = pt1.Lerp(pt2, frac);
 
-		frontPoints->Push(pt3);
-		backPoints->Push(pt3);
+		frontPoints->push_back(pt3);
+		backPoints->push_back(pt3);
 	}
 }
 
 // Recursively divides the surface
-bool kexLightSurface::SubdivideRecursion(vertexBatch_t &surfPoints, float divide, kexArray<vertexBatch_t*> &points)
+bool kexLightSurface::SubdivideRecursion(vertexBatch_t &surfPoints, float divide, std::vector<vertexBatch_t*> &points)
 {
 	kexBBox bounds;
 	kexVec3 splitNormal;
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ bool kexLightSurface::SubdivideRecursion(vertexBatch_t &surfPoints, float divide
 	vertexBatch_t *backPoints;
 
 	// get bounds from current set of points
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surfPoints.Length(); ++i)
+	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surfPoints.size(); ++i)
 	{
 		bounds.AddPoint(surfPoints[i]);
 	}
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ bool kexLightSurface::SubdivideRecursion(vertexBatch_t &surfPoints, float divide
 
 			if (!SubdivideRecursion(*frontPoints, divide, points))
 			{
-				points.Push(frontPoints);
+				points.push_back(frontPoints);
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ bool kexLightSurface::SubdivideRecursion(vertexBatch_t &surfPoints, float divide
 
 			if (!SubdivideRecursion(*backPoints, divide, points))
 			{
-				points.Push(backPoints);
+				points.push_back(backPoints);
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -208,36 +208,35 @@ bool kexLightSurface::SubdivideRecursion(vertexBatch_t &surfPoints, float divide
 
 void kexLightSurface::Subdivide(const float divide)
 {
-	kexArray<vertexBatch_t*> points;
+	std::vector<vertexBatch_t*> points;
 	vertexBatch_t surfPoints;
 
 	for (int i = 0; i < surface->numVerts; ++i)
 	{
-		surfPoints.Push(surface->verts[i]);
+		surfPoints.push_back(surface->verts[i]);
 	}
 
 	SubdivideRecursion(surfPoints, divide, points);
 
 	// from each group of vertices caused by the split, begin
 	// creating a origin point based on the center of that group
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < points.Length(); ++i)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < points.size(); ++i)
 	{
 		vertexBatch_t *vb = points[i];
 		kexVec3 center;
 
-		for (unsigned int j = 0; j < vb->Length(); ++j)
+		for (unsigned int j = 0; j < vb->size(); ++j)
 		{
 			center += (*vb)[j];
 		}
 
-		origins.Push(center / (float)vb->Length());
+		origins.push_back(center / (float)vb->size());
 	}
 
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < points.Length(); ++i)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < points.size(); ++i)
 	{
 		vertexBatch_t *vb = points[i];
 
-		vb->Empty();
 		delete vb;
 	}
 }
@@ -272,7 +271,7 @@ float kexLightSurface::TraceSurface(FLevel *doomMap, kexTrace &trace, const surf
 
 	float total = 0.0f;
 	float closestDistance = distance * gzdoomRadiusScale;
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < origins.Length(); ++i)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < origins.size(); ++i)
 	{
 		kexVec3 center = origins[i];
 
@@ -318,5 +317,5 @@ float kexLightSurface::TraceSurface(FLevel *doomMap, kexTrace &trace, const surf
 	}
 
 	float attenuation = 1.0f - closestDistance / (distance * gzdoomRadiusScale);
-	return attenuation * total / origins.Length();
+	return attenuation * total / origins.size();
 }
diff --git a/src/lightmap/lightsurface.h b/src/lightmap/lightsurface.h
index ff3afb4..dd30f01 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/lightsurface.h
+++ b/src/lightmap/lightsurface.h
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public:
 	const vertexBatch_t Origins() const { return origins; }
 
 private:
-	bool SubdivideRecursion(vertexBatch_t &surfPoints, float divide, kexArray<vertexBatch_t*> &points);
+	bool SubdivideRecursion(vertexBatch_t &surfPoints, float divide, std::vector<vertexBatch_t*> &points);
 	void Clip(vertexBatch_t &points, const kexVec3 &normal, float dist, vertexBatch_t *frontPoints, vertexBatch_t *backPoints);
 
 	float distance;
diff --git a/src/lightmap/mapdata.cpp b/src/lightmap/mapdata.cpp
index 4289c5a..ac4e099 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/mapdata.cpp
+++ b/src/lightmap/mapdata.cpp
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ FloatVertex FLevel::GetSegVertex(int index)
 void FLevel::CreateLights()
 {
 	thingLight_t *thingLight;
-	unsigned int j;
+	size_t j;
 	int numSurfLights;
 	kexVec2 pt;
 
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ void FLevel::CreateLights()
 	//
 	// add surface lights
 	//
-	for (j = 0; j < surfaces.Length(); ++j)
+	for (j = 0; j < surfaces.size(); ++j)
 	{
 		surface_t *surface = surfaces[j];
 
diff --git a/src/lightmap/surfaces.cpp b/src/lightmap/surfaces.cpp
index 48d92bf..359cbe8 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/surfaces.cpp
+++ b/src/lightmap/surfaces.cpp
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 #include "mapdata.h"
 #include "surfaces.h"
 
-kexArray<surface_t*> surfaces;
+std::vector<surface_t*> surfaces;
 
 static void CreateSideSurfaces(FLevel &doomMap, IntSideDef *side)
 {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ static void CreateSideSurfaces(FLevel &doomMap, IntSideDef *side)
 				surf->type = ST_LOWERSIDE;
 				surf->typeIndex = side - &doomMap.Sides[0];
 
-				surfaces.Push(surf);
+				surfaces.push_back(surf);
 			}
 
 			v1Bottom = v1BottomBack;
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ static void CreateSideSurfaces(FLevel &doomMap, IntSideDef *side)
 				surf->typeIndex = side - &doomMap.Sides[0];
 				surf->bSky = bSky;
 
-				surfaces.Push(surf);
+				surfaces.push_back(surf);
 			}
 
 			v1Top = v1TopBack;
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ static void CreateSideSurfaces(FLevel &doomMap, IntSideDef *side)
 		surf->type = ST_MIDDLESIDE;
 		surf->typeIndex = side - &doomMap.Sides[0];
 
-		surfaces.Push(surf);
+		surfaces.push_back(surf);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ static void CreateSubsectorSurfaces(FLevel &doomMap)
 		surf->type = ST_FLOOR;
 		surf->typeIndex = i;
 
-		surfaces.Push(surf);
+		surfaces.push_back(surf);
 
 		surf = (surface_t*)Mem_Calloc(sizeof(surface_t), hb_static);
 		surf->numVerts = sub->numlines;
@@ -250,10 +250,10 @@ static void CreateSubsectorSurfaces(FLevel &doomMap)
 		surf->type = ST_CEILING;
 		surf->typeIndex = i;
 
-		surfaces.Push(surf);
+		surfaces.push_back(surf);
 	}
 
-	printf("\nLeaf surfaces: %i\n", surfaces.Length() - doomMap.NumGLSubsectors);
+	printf("\nLeaf surfaces: %i\n", (int)surfaces.size() - doomMap.NumGLSubsectors);
 }
 
 static bool IsDegenerate(const kexVec3 &v0, const kexVec3 &v1, const kexVec3 &v2)
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ static bool IsDegenerate(const kexVec3 &v0, const kexVec3 &v1, const kexVec3 &v2
 
 void CreateSurfaces(FLevel &doomMap)
 {
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surfaces.Length(); i++)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < surfaces.size(); i++)
 		Mem_Free(surfaces[i]);
 	surfaces = {};
 
@@ -321,15 +321,15 @@ void CreateSurfaces(FLevel &doomMap)
 		printf("sides: %i / %i\r", i + 1, doomMap.Sides.Size());
 	}
 
-	printf("\nSide surfaces: %i\n", surfaces.Length());
+	printf("\nSide surfaces: %i\n", (int)surfaces.size());
 
 	CreateSubsectorSurfaces(doomMap);
 
-	printf("Surfaces total: %i\n\n", surfaces.Length());
+	printf("Surfaces total: %i\n\n", (int)surfaces.size());
 
 	printf("Building collision mesh..\n\n");
 
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surfaces.Length(); i++)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < surfaces.size(); i++)
 	{
 		const auto &s = surfaces[i];
 		int numVerts = s->numVerts;
diff --git a/src/lightmap/surfaces.h b/src/lightmap/surfaces.h
index af753c0..96e7605 100644
--- a/src/lightmap/surfaces.h
+++ b/src/lightmap/surfaces.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ enum surfaceType_t
 	ST_FLOOR
 };
 
-typedef kexArray<kexVec3> vertexBatch_t;
+typedef std::vector<kexVec3> vertexBatch_t;
 
 // convert from fixed point(FRACUNIT) to floating point
 #define F(x)  (((float)(x))/65536.0f)
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ struct surface_t
 	bool bSky;
 };
 
-extern kexArray<surface_t*> surfaces;
+extern std::vector<surface_t*> surfaces;
 
 struct FLevel;