diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index a6dcfd766a..da79cd4086 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ if( WIN32 )
 		( MSVC15 AND NOT CMAKE_GENERATOR_TOOLSET STREQUAL "v150_xp" ) )		# For VS 2017.
 		# for modern Windows SDKs the DirectX headers should be available by default.
 		set( DX_dinput8_LIBRARY dinput8 )
+		set( DX_dxguid_LIBRARY dxguid )
 	else()
 		
 		find_path( D3D_INCLUDE_DIR d3d9.h
diff --git a/src/actor.h b/src/actor.h
index 666ca67f80..bc65144da6 100644
--- a/src/actor.h
+++ b/src/actor.h
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ public:
 
 	FActorInfo *GetInfo() const
 	{
-		return ((PClassActor*)GetClass())->ActorInfo();
+		return static_cast<PClassActor*>(GetClass())->ActorInfo();
 	}
 
 
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ public:
 	AInventory *FindInventory (FName type, bool subclass = false);
 	template<class T> T *FindInventory ()
 	{
-		return static_cast<T *> (FindInventory (RUNTIME_TEMPLATE_CLASS(T)));
+		return static_cast<T *> (FindInventory (RUNTIME_CLASS(T)));
 	}
 
 	// Adds one item of a particular type. Returns NULL if it could not be added.
@@ -1512,7 +1512,7 @@ public:
 		do
 		{
 			actor = FActorIterator::Next ();
-		} while (actor && !actor->IsKindOf (RUNTIME_TEMPLATE_CLASS(T)));
+		} while (actor && !actor->IsKindOf (RUNTIME_CLASS(T)));
 		return static_cast<T *>(actor);
 	}
 };
@@ -1563,12 +1563,12 @@ inline AActor *Spawn(FName type, const DVector3 &pos, replace_t allowreplacement
 
 template<class T> inline T *Spawn(const DVector3 &pos, replace_t allowreplacement)
 {
-	return static_cast<T *>(AActor::StaticSpawn(RUNTIME_TEMPLATE_CLASS(T), pos, allowreplacement));
+	return static_cast<T *>(AActor::StaticSpawn(RUNTIME_CLASS(T), pos, allowreplacement));
 }
 
 template<class T> inline T *Spawn()	// for inventory items we do not need coordinates and replacement info.
 {
-	return static_cast<T *>(AActor::StaticSpawn(RUNTIME_TEMPLATE_CLASS(T), DVector3(0, 0, 0), NO_REPLACE));
+	return static_cast<T *>(AActor::StaticSpawn(RUNTIME_CLASS(T), DVector3(0, 0, 0), NO_REPLACE));
 }
 
 inline PClassActor *PClass::FindActor(FName name)
diff --git a/src/b_game.cpp b/src/b_game.cpp
index ea80030ffd..9a78110953 100644
--- a/src/b_game.cpp
+++ b/src/b_game.cpp
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ bool FCajunMaster::DoAddBot (uint8_t *info, botskill_t skill)
 	D_ReadUserInfoStrings (bnum, &info, false);
 
 	multiplayer = true; //Prevents cheating and so on; emulates real netgame (almost).
-	players[bnum].Bot = new DBot;
+	players[bnum].Bot = Create<DBot>();
 	players[bnum].Bot->player = &players[bnum];
 	players[bnum].Bot->skill = skill;
 	playeringame[bnum] = true;
diff --git a/src/b_think.cpp b/src/b_think.cpp
index 25932f390e..116e70c4f4 100644
--- a/src/b_think.cpp
+++ b/src/b_think.cpp
@@ -313,12 +313,13 @@ void DBot::ThinkForMove (ticcmd_t *cmd)
 	old = player->mo->Pos();
 }
 
+int P_GetRealMaxHealth(APlayerPawn *actor, int max);
+
 //BOT_WhatToGet
 //
 //Determines if the bot will roam after an item or not.
 void DBot::WhatToGet (AActor *item)
 {
-#define typeis(x) item->IsKindOf (PClass::FindClass (#x))
 	if ((item->renderflags & RF_INVISIBLE) //Under respawn and away.
 		|| item == prev)
 	{
@@ -350,17 +351,24 @@ void DBot::WhatToGet (AActor *item)
 	{
 		auto ac = PClass::FindActor(NAME_Ammo);
 		auto parent = item->GetClass();
-		while (parent->ParentClass != ac) parent = (PClassActor*)(parent->ParentClass);
+		while (parent->ParentClass != ac) parent = static_cast<PClassActor*>(parent->ParentClass);
 		AInventory *holdingammo = player->mo->FindInventory(parent);
 		if (holdingammo != NULL && holdingammo->Amount >= holdingammo->MaxAmount)
 		{
 			return;
 		}
 	}
-	else if ((typeis (Megasphere) || typeis (Soulsphere) || typeis (HealthBonus)) && player->mo->health >= deh.MaxSoulsphere)
-		return;
-	else if (item->IsKindOf (PClass::FindActor(NAME_Health)) && player->mo->health >= player->mo->GetMaxHealth(true))
-		return;
+	else if (item->GetClass()->TypeName == NAME_Megasphere || item->IsKindOf(NAME_Health))
+	{
+		// do the test with the health item that's actually given.
+		if (item->GetClass()->TypeName == NAME_Megasphere) item = GetDefaultByName("MegasphereHealth");
+		if (item != nullptr)
+		{
+			int maxhealth = P_GetRealMaxHealth(player->mo, item->IntVar(NAME_MaxAmount));
+			if (player->mo->health >= maxhealth)
+				return;
+		}
+	}
 
 	if ((dest == NULL ||
 		!(dest->flags & MF_SPECIAL)/* ||
diff --git a/src/c_console.cpp b/src/c_console.cpp
index f401ed0e5b..ff3f86b20c 100644
--- a/src/c_console.cpp
+++ b/src/c_console.cpp
@@ -1822,7 +1822,7 @@ void C_MidPrint (FFont *font, const char *msg)
 		AddToConsole (-1, msg);
 		AddToConsole (-1, bar3);
 
-		StatusBar->AttachMessage (new DHUDMessage (font, msg, 1.5f, 0.375f, 0, 0,
+		StatusBar->AttachMessage (Create<DHUDMessage>(font, msg, 1.5f, 0.375f, 0, 0,
 			(EColorRange)PrintColors[PRINTLEVELS], con_midtime), MAKE_ID('C','N','T','R'));
 	}
 	else
@@ -1839,7 +1839,7 @@ void C_MidPrintBold (FFont *font, const char *msg)
 		AddToConsole (-1, msg);
 		AddToConsole (-1, bar3);
 
-		StatusBar->AttachMessage (new DHUDMessage (font, msg, 1.5f, 0.375f, 0, 0,
+		StatusBar->AttachMessage (Create<DHUDMessage> (font, msg, 1.5f, 0.375f, 0, 0,
 			(EColorRange)PrintColors[PRINTLEVELS+1], con_midtime), MAKE_ID('C','N','T','R'));
 	}
 	else
diff --git a/src/c_dispatch.cpp b/src/c_dispatch.cpp
index 464ed4495a..996872a669 100644
--- a/src/c_dispatch.cpp
+++ b/src/c_dispatch.cpp
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ void C_DoCommand (const char *cmd, int keynum)
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				new DStoredCommand (com, beg);
+				Create<DStoredCommand> (com, beg);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ void AddCommandString (char *cmd, int keynum)
 						  // Note that deferred commands lose track of which key
 						  // (if any) they were pressed from.
 							*brkpt = ';';
-							new DWaitingCommand (brkpt, tics);
+							Create<DWaitingCommand> (brkpt, tics);
 						}
 						return;
 					}
diff --git a/src/d_main.cpp b/src/d_main.cpp
index b03ca3e504..b6a67c06b0 100644
--- a/src/d_main.cpp
+++ b/src/d_main.cpp
@@ -1770,7 +1770,7 @@ bool ConsiderPatches (const char *arg)
 //
 //==========================================================================
 
-FExecList *D_MultiExec (DArgs *list, FExecList *exec)
+FExecList *D_MultiExec (FArgs *list, FExecList *exec)
 {
 	for (int i = 0; i < list->NumArgs(); ++i)
 	{
@@ -1980,7 +1980,8 @@ static void SetMapxxFlag()
 
 static void FinalGC()
 {
-	Args = NULL;
+	delete Args;
+	Args = nullptr;
 	GC::FinalGC = true;
 	GC::FullGC();
 	GC::DelSoftRootHead();	// the soft root head will not be collected by a GC so we have to do it explicitly
@@ -2264,7 +2265,6 @@ void D_DoomMain (void)
 	int p;
 	const char *v;
 	const char *wad;
-	DArgs *execFiles;
 	TArray<FString> pwads;
 	FString *args;
 	int argcount;	
@@ -2372,13 +2372,15 @@ void D_DoomMain (void)
 
 		// Process automatically executed files
 		FExecList *exec;
-		execFiles = new DArgs;
+		FArgs *execFiles = new FArgs;
 		GameConfig->AddAutoexec(execFiles, gameinfo.ConfigName);
 		exec = D_MultiExec(execFiles, NULL);
+		delete execFiles;
 
 		// Process .cfg files at the start of the command line.
 		execFiles = Args->GatherFiles ("-exec");
 		exec = D_MultiExec(execFiles, exec);
+		delete execFiles;
 
 		// [RH] process all + commands on the command line
 		exec = C_ParseCmdLineParams(exec);
@@ -2747,10 +2749,7 @@ void D_DoomMain (void)
 
 		GC::FullGC();					// perform one final garbage collection after shutdown
 
-		for (DObject *obj = GC::Root; obj; obj = obj->ObjNext)
-		{
-			obj->ClearClass();	// Delete the Class pointer because the data it points to has been deleted. This will automatically be reset if needed.
-		}
+		assert(GC::Root == nullptr);
 
 		restart++;
 		PClass::bShutdown = false;
diff --git a/src/decallib.cpp b/src/decallib.cpp
index d9f22499eb..aa6fa38b47 100644
--- a/src/decallib.cpp
+++ b/src/decallib.cpp
@@ -1201,7 +1201,7 @@ void DDecalFader::Tick ()
 
 DThinker *FDecalFaderAnim::CreateThinker (DBaseDecal *actor, side_t *wall) const
 {
-	DDecalFader *fader = new DDecalFader (actor);
+	DDecalFader *fader = Create<DDecalFader> (actor);
 
 	fader->TimeToStartDecay = level.maptime + DecayStart;
 	fader->TimeToEndDecay = fader->TimeToStartDecay + DecayTime;
@@ -1227,7 +1227,7 @@ void DDecalStretcher::Serialize(FSerializer &arc)
 
 DThinker *FDecalStretcherAnim::CreateThinker (DBaseDecal *actor, side_t *wall) const
 {
-	DDecalStretcher *thinker = new DDecalStretcher (actor);
+	DDecalStretcher *thinker = Create<DDecalStretcher> (actor);
 
 	thinker->TimeToStart = level.maptime + StretchStart;
 	thinker->TimeToStop = thinker->TimeToStart + StretchTime;
@@ -1313,7 +1313,7 @@ void DDecalSlider::Serialize(FSerializer &arc)
 
 DThinker *FDecalSliderAnim::CreateThinker (DBaseDecal *actor, side_t *wall) const
 {
-	DDecalSlider *thinker = new DDecalSlider (actor);
+	DDecalSlider *thinker = Create<DDecalSlider> (actor);
 
 	thinker->TimeToStart = level.maptime + SlideStart;
 	thinker->TimeToStop = thinker->TimeToStart + SlideTime;
@@ -1432,7 +1432,7 @@ void DDecalColorer::Tick ()
 
 DThinker *FDecalColorerAnim::CreateThinker (DBaseDecal *actor, side_t *wall) const
 {
-	DDecalColorer *Colorer = new DDecalColorer (actor);
+	DDecalColorer *Colorer = Create<DDecalColorer>(actor);
 
 	Colorer->TimeToStartDecay = level.maptime + DecayStart;
 	Colorer->TimeToEndDecay = Colorer->TimeToStartDecay + DecayTime;
diff --git a/src/dobject.cpp b/src/dobject.cpp
index 687e76f850..39c55f2b57 100644
--- a/src/dobject.cpp
+++ b/src/dobject.cpp
@@ -612,12 +612,6 @@ void DObject::CheckIfSerialized () const
 }
 
 
-DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DObject, GetClassName)
-{
-	PARAM_SELF_PROLOGUE(DObject);
-	ACTION_RETURN_INT(self->GetClass()->TypeName);
-}
-
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DObject, MSTime)
 {
 	ACTION_RETURN_INT(I_MSTime());
diff --git a/src/dobject.h b/src/dobject.h
index 0108e1378f..d043dfada4 100644
--- a/src/dobject.h
+++ b/src/dobject.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #define __DOBJECT_H__
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include "doomtype.h"
 #include "i_system.h"
 
@@ -45,8 +46,6 @@ class FSoundID;
 
 class   DObject;
 /*
-class           DArgs;
-class           DCanvas;
 class           DConsoleCommand;
 class                   DConsoleAlias;
 class           DSeqNode;
@@ -85,8 +84,7 @@ class                                   DPillar;
 class PClassActor;
 
 #define RUNTIME_CLASS_CASTLESS(cls)	(cls::RegistrationInfo.MyClass)	// Passed a native class name, returns a PClass representing that class
-#define RUNTIME_CLASS(cls)			((cls::MetaClass *)RUNTIME_CLASS_CASTLESS(cls))	// Like above, but returns the true type of the meta object
-#define RUNTIME_TEMPLATE_CLASS(cls)	((typename cls::MetaClass *)RUNTIME_CLASS_CASTLESS(cls))	// RUNTIME_CLASS, but works with templated parameters on GCC
+#define RUNTIME_CLASS(cls)			((typename cls::MetaClass *)RUNTIME_CLASS_CASTLESS(cls))	// Like above, but returns the true type of the meta object
 #define NATIVE_TYPE(object)			(object->StaticType())			// Passed an object, returns the type of the C++ class representing the object
 
 // Enumerations for the meta classes created by ClassReg::RegisterClass()
@@ -231,11 +229,6 @@ public:
 	void SerializeUserVars(FSerializer &arc);
 	virtual void Serialize(FSerializer &arc);
 
-	void ClearClass()
-	{
-		Class = NULL;
-	}
-
 	// Releases the object from the GC, letting the caller care of any maintenance.
 	void Release();
 
@@ -264,12 +257,7 @@ public:
 
 	PClass *GetClass() const
 	{
-		if (Class == NULL)
-		{
-			// Save a little time the next time somebody wants this object's type
-			// by recording it now.
-			const_cast<DObject *>(this)->Class = StaticType();
-		}
+		assert(Class != nullptr);
 		return Class;
 	}
 
@@ -278,10 +266,21 @@ public:
 		Class = inClass;
 	}
 
-	void *operator new(size_t len)
+private:
+	struct nonew
+	{
+	};
+
+	void *operator new(size_t len, nonew&)
 	{
 		return M_Malloc(len);
 	}
+public:
+
+	void operator delete (void *mem, nonew&)
+	{
+		M_Free(mem);
+	}
 
 	void operator delete (void *mem)
 	{
@@ -354,8 +353,28 @@ protected:
 	{
 		M_Free (mem);
 	}
+
+	template<typename T, typename... Args>
+		friend T* Create(Args&&... args);
+
 };
 
+// This is the only method aside from calling CreateNew that should be used for creating DObjects
+// to ensure that the Class pointer is always set.
+template<typename T, typename... Args>
+T* Create(Args&&... args)
+{
+	DObject::nonew nono;
+	T *object = new(nono) T(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+	if (object != nullptr)
+	{
+		object->SetClass(RUNTIME_CLASS(T));
+		assert(object->GetClass() != nullptr);	// beware of objects that get created before the type system is up.
+	}
+	return object;
+}
+
+
 class AInventory;//
 
 // When you write to a pointer to an Object, you must call this for
diff --git a/src/dobjgc.cpp b/src/dobjgc.cpp
index 03a7153291..3631c36ed1 100644
--- a/src/dobjgc.cpp
+++ b/src/dobjgc.cpp
@@ -323,7 +323,6 @@ static void MarkRoot()
 	int i;
 
 	Gray = NULL;
-	Mark(Args);
 	Mark(StatusBar);
 	M_MarkMenus();
 	Mark(DIntermissionController::CurrentIntermission);
@@ -351,7 +350,7 @@ static void MarkRoot()
 	// Mark sectors.
 	if (SectorMarker == nullptr && level.sectors.Size() > 0)
 	{
-		SectorMarker = new DSectorMarker;
+		SectorMarker = Create<DSectorMarker>();
 	}
 	else if (level.sectors.Size() == 0)
 	{
@@ -592,7 +591,7 @@ void AddSoftRoot(DObject *obj)
 		// Create a new object to root the soft roots off of, and stick
 		// it at the end of the object list, so we know that anything
 		// before it is not a soft root.
-		SoftRoots = new DObject;
+		SoftRoots = Create<DObject>();
 		SoftRoots->ObjectFlags |= OF_Fixed;
 		probe = &Root;
 		while (*probe != NULL)
diff --git a/src/dobjtype.cpp b/src/dobjtype.cpp
index 3d27b3a0dd..bf41d3cdea 100644
--- a/src/dobjtype.cpp
+++ b/src/dobjtype.cpp
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ void PClass::StaticInit ()
 
 	// WP_NOCHANGE must point to a valid object, although it does not need to be a weapon.
 	// A simple DObject is enough to give the GC the ability to deal with it, if subjected to it.
-	WP_NOCHANGE = (AWeapon*)new DObject;
+	WP_NOCHANGE = (AWeapon*)Create<DObject>();
 	WP_NOCHANGE->Release();
 }
 
@@ -267,6 +267,7 @@ void PClass::StaticShutdown ()
 	{
 		p.PendingWeapon = nullptr;
 	}
+	Namespaces.ReleaseSymbols();
 
 	// This must be done in two steps because the native classes are not ordered by inheritance,
 	// so all meta data must be gone before deleting the actual class objects.
@@ -275,7 +276,6 @@ void PClass::StaticShutdown ()
 	// Unless something went wrong, anything left here should be class and type objects only, which do not own any scripts.
 	bShutdown = true;
 	TypeTable.Clear();
-	Namespaces.ReleaseSymbols();
 	ClassDataAllocator.FreeAllBlocks();
 	AllClasses.Clear();
 	PClassActor::AllActorClasses.Clear();
diff --git a/src/dthinker.cpp b/src/dthinker.cpp
index 35dd6505c6..5e53606512 100644
--- a/src/dthinker.cpp
+++ b/src/dthinker.cpp
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ void FThinkerList::AddTail(DThinker *thinker)
 	assert(!(thinker->ObjectFlags & OF_EuthanizeMe));
 	if (Sentinel == NULL)
 	{
-		Sentinel = new DThinker(DThinker::NO_LINK);
+		Sentinel = Create<DThinker>(DThinker::NO_LINK);
 		Sentinel->ObjectFlags |= OF_Sentinel;
 		Sentinel->NextThinker = Sentinel;
 		Sentinel->PrevThinker = Sentinel;
@@ -179,37 +179,41 @@ void DThinker::SerializeThinkers(FSerializer &arc, bool hubLoad)
 		{
 			for (i = 0; i <= MAX_STATNUM; i++)
 			{
+
 				if (arc.BeginArray(nullptr))
 				{
-					int size = arc.ArraySize();
-					for (int j = 0; j < size; j++)
+					if (!hubLoad || i != STAT_STATIC)	// do not load static thinkers in a hub transition because they'd just duplicate the active ones.
 					{
-						DThinker *thinker = nullptr;
-						arc(nullptr, thinker);
-						if (thinker != nullptr)
+						int size = arc.ArraySize();
+						for (int j = 0; j < size; j++)
 						{
-							// This may be a player stored in their ancillary list. Remove
-							// them first before inserting them into the new list.
-							if (thinker->NextThinker != nullptr)
+							DThinker *thinker = nullptr;
+							arc(nullptr, thinker);
+							if (thinker != nullptr)
 							{
-								thinker->Remove();
-							}
-							// Thinkers with the OF_JustSpawned flag set go in the FreshThinkers
-							// list. Anything else goes in the regular Thinkers list.
-							if (thinker->ObjectFlags & OF_EuthanizeMe)
-							{
-								// This thinker was destroyed during the loading process. Do
-								// not link it into any list.
-							}
-							else if (thinker->ObjectFlags & OF_JustSpawned)
-							{
-								FreshThinkers[i].AddTail(thinker);
-								thinker->PostSerialize();
-							}
-							else
-							{
-								Thinkers[i].AddTail(thinker);
-								thinker->PostSerialize();
+								// This may be a player stored in their ancillary list. Remove
+								// them first before inserting them into the new list.
+								if (thinker->NextThinker != nullptr)
+								{
+									thinker->Remove();
+								}
+								// Thinkers with the OF_JustSpawned flag set go in the FreshThinkers
+								// list. Anything else goes in the regular Thinkers list.
+								if (thinker->ObjectFlags & OF_EuthanizeMe)
+								{
+									// This thinker was destroyed during the loading process. Do
+									// not link it into any list.
+								}
+								else if (thinker->ObjectFlags & OF_JustSpawned)
+								{
+									FreshThinkers[i].AddTail(thinker);
+									thinker->PostSerialize();
+								}
+								else
+								{
+									Thinkers[i].AddTail(thinker);
+									thinker->PostSerialize();
+								}
 							}
 						}
 					}
@@ -727,7 +731,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DThinkerIterator, Create)
 	PARAM_PROLOGUE;
 	PARAM_CLASS_DEF(type, DThinker);
 	PARAM_INT_DEF(statnum);
-	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(new DThinkerIterator(type, statnum));
+	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(Create<DThinkerIterator>(type, statnum));
 }
 
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DThinkerIterator, Next)
diff --git a/src/dthinker.h b/src/dthinker.h
index a8c374bb75..da7eced7d3 100644
--- a/src/dthinker.h
+++ b/src/dthinker.h
@@ -91,9 +91,10 @@ public:
 	static DThinker *FirstThinker (int statnum);
 	static bool bSerialOverride;
 
-private:
+	// only used internally but Create needs access.
 	enum no_link_type { NO_LINK };
 	DThinker(no_link_type) throw();
+private:
 	static void DestroyThinkersInList (FThinkerList &list);
 	static int TickThinkers (FThinkerList *list, FThinkerList *dest);	// Returns: # of thinkers ticked
 	static void SaveList(FSerializer &arc, DThinker *node);
@@ -133,10 +134,10 @@ protected:
 template <class T> class TThinkerIterator : public FThinkerIterator
 {
 public:
-	TThinkerIterator (int statnum=MAX_STATNUM+1) : FThinkerIterator (RUNTIME_TEMPLATE_CLASS(T), statnum)
+	TThinkerIterator (int statnum=MAX_STATNUM+1) : FThinkerIterator (RUNTIME_CLASS(T), statnum)
 	{
 	}
-	TThinkerIterator (int statnum, DThinker *prev) : FThinkerIterator (RUNTIME_TEMPLATE_CLASS(T), statnum, prev)
+	TThinkerIterator (int statnum, DThinker *prev) : FThinkerIterator (RUNTIME_CLASS(T), statnum, prev)
 	{
 	}
 	TThinkerIterator (const PClass *subclass, int statnum=MAX_STATNUM+1) : FThinkerIterator(subclass, statnum)
diff --git a/src/fragglescript/t_func.cpp b/src/fragglescript/t_func.cpp
index 9e1d95ffde..181d20d30d 100644
--- a/src/fragglescript/t_func.cpp
+++ b/src/fragglescript/t_func.cpp
@@ -1873,7 +1873,7 @@ void FParser::SF_FadeLight(void)
 		FSectorTagIterator it(sectag);
 		while ((i = it.Next()) >= 0)
 		{
-			if (!level.sectors[i].lightingdata) new DLightLevel(&level.sectors[i],destlevel,speed);
+			if (!level.sectors[i].lightingdata) Create<DLightLevel>(&level.sectors[i],destlevel,speed);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -4036,7 +4036,7 @@ DRunningScript *FParser::SaveCurrentScript()
 	DFraggleThinker *th = DFraggleThinker::ActiveThinker;
 	if (th)
 	{
-		DRunningScript *runscr = new DRunningScript(Script->trigger, Script, Script->MakeIndex(Rover));
+		DRunningScript *runscr = Create<DRunningScript>(Script->trigger, Script, Script->MakeIndex(Rover));
 
 		// hook into chain at start
 		th->AddRunningScript(runscr);
@@ -4170,7 +4170,7 @@ void FParser::SF_StartScript()
 			script_error("script %i not defined\n", snum);
 		}
 		
-		DRunningScript *runscr = new DRunningScript(Script->trigger, script, 0);
+		DRunningScript *runscr = Create<DRunningScript>(Script->trigger, script, 0);
 		// hook into chain at start
 		th->AddRunningScript(runscr);
 	}
diff --git a/src/fragglescript/t_load.cpp b/src/fragglescript/t_load.cpp
index 99818a53d7..e277354251 100644
--- a/src/fragglescript/t_load.cpp
+++ b/src/fragglescript/t_load.cpp
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ bool FScriptLoader::ParseInfo(MapData * map)
     }
 	if (HasScripts) 
 	{
-		new DFraggleThinker;
+		Create<DFraggleThinker>();
 		DFraggleThinker::ActiveThinker->LevelScript->data = copystring(scriptsrc.GetChars());
 
 		if (drownflag==-1) drownflag = (level.maptype != MAPTYPE_DOOM || fsglobal);
diff --git a/src/fragglescript/t_prepro.cpp b/src/fragglescript/t_prepro.cpp
index 4128e6661d..c770e94af6 100644
--- a/src/fragglescript/t_prepro.cpp
+++ b/src/fragglescript/t_prepro.cpp
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ void DFsScript::ClearSections()
 DFsSection *DFsScript::NewSection(const char *brace)
 {
 	int n = section_hash(brace);
-	DFsSection *newsec = new DFsSection;
+	DFsSection *newsec = Create<DFsSection>();
 	
 	newsec->start_index = MakeIndex(brace);
 	newsec->next = sections[n];
diff --git a/src/fragglescript/t_script.cpp b/src/fragglescript/t_script.cpp
index 9dc1533106..47447d9888 100644
--- a/src/fragglescript/t_script.cpp
+++ b/src/fragglescript/t_script.cpp
@@ -406,8 +406,8 @@ DFraggleThinker::DFraggleThinker()
 	else
 	{
 		ActiveThinker = this;
-		RunningScripts = new DRunningScript;
-		LevelScript = new DFsScript;
+		RunningScripts = Create<DRunningScript>();
+		LevelScript = Create<DFsScript>();
 		LevelScript->parent = global_script;
 		GC::WriteBarrier(this, RunningScripts);
 		GC::WriteBarrier(this, LevelScript);
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ bool T_RunScript(int snum, AActor * t_trigger)
 		DFsScript *script = th->LevelScript->children[snum];
 		if(!script)	return false;
 	
-		DRunningScript *runscr = new DRunningScript(t_trigger, script, 0);
+		DRunningScript *runscr = Create<DRunningScript>(t_trigger, script, 0);
 		// hook into chain at start
 		th->AddRunningScript(runscr);
 		return true;
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ void T_Init()
 
 	if (global_script == NULL)
 	{
-		global_script = new DFsScript;
+		global_script = Create<DFsScript>();
 		GC::AddSoftRoot(global_script);
 		init_functions();
 	}
diff --git a/src/fragglescript/t_spec.cpp b/src/fragglescript/t_spec.cpp
index d2f0922e27..7703398ed9 100644
--- a/src/fragglescript/t_spec.cpp
+++ b/src/fragglescript/t_spec.cpp
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ void FParser::spec_script()
 		return;
     }
 	
-	newscript = new DFsScript;
+	newscript = Create<DFsScript>();
 	
 	// add to scripts list of parent
 	Script->children[scriptnum] = newscript;
diff --git a/src/fragglescript/t_variable.cpp b/src/fragglescript/t_variable.cpp
index a87d2c1e60..d0a0c8b9fc 100644
--- a/src/fragglescript/t_variable.cpp
+++ b/src/fragglescript/t_variable.cpp
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ void DFsVariable::Serialize(FSerializer & ar)
 
 DFsVariable *DFsScript::NewVariable(const char *name, int vtype)
 {
-	DFsVariable *newvar = new DFsVariable(name);
+	DFsVariable *newvar = Create<DFsVariable>(name);
 	newvar->type = vtype;
 	
 	int n = variable_hash(name);
diff --git a/src/g_game.cpp b/src/g_game.cpp
index 26e9d5c9c3..201d07e865 100644
--- a/src/g_game.cpp
+++ b/src/g_game.cpp
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ CCMD (weapnext)
 	// [BC] Option to display the name of the weapon being cycled to.
 	if ((displaynametags & 2) && StatusBar && SmallFont && SendItemUse)
 	{
-		StatusBar->AttachMessage(new DHUDMessageFadeOut(SmallFont, SendItemUse->GetTag(),
+		StatusBar->AttachMessage(Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut>(SmallFont, SendItemUse->GetTag(),
 			1.5f, 0.90f, 0, 0, (EColorRange)*nametagcolor, 2.f, 0.35f), MAKE_ID( 'W', 'E', 'P', 'N' ));
 	}
 	if (SendItemUse != players[consoleplayer].ReadyWeapon)
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ CCMD (weapprev)
 	// [BC] Option to display the name of the weapon being cycled to.
 	if ((displaynametags & 2) && StatusBar && SmallFont && SendItemUse)
 	{
-		StatusBar->AttachMessage(new DHUDMessageFadeOut(SmallFont, SendItemUse->GetTag(),
+		StatusBar->AttachMessage(Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut>(SmallFont, SendItemUse->GetTag(),
 			1.5f, 0.90f, 0, 0, (EColorRange)*nametagcolor, 2.f, 0.35f), MAKE_ID( 'W', 'E', 'P', 'N' ));
 	}
 	if (SendItemUse != players[consoleplayer].ReadyWeapon)
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ CCMD (invnext)
 			}
 		}
 		if ((displaynametags & 1) && StatusBar && SmallFont && who->InvSel)
-			StatusBar->AttachMessage (new DHUDMessageFadeOut (SmallFont, who->InvSel->GetTag(), 
+			StatusBar->AttachMessage (Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut> (SmallFont, who->InvSel->GetTag(),
 			1.5f, 0.80f, 0, 0, (EColorRange)*nametagcolor, 2.f, 0.35f), MAKE_ID('S','I','N','V'));
 	}
 	who->player->inventorytics = 5*TICRATE;
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ CCMD (invprev)
 			who->InvSel = item;
 		}
 		if ((displaynametags & 1) && StatusBar && SmallFont && who->InvSel)
-			StatusBar->AttachMessage (new DHUDMessageFadeOut (SmallFont, who->InvSel->GetTag(), 
+			StatusBar->AttachMessage (Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut> (SmallFont, who->InvSel->GetTag(),
 			1.5f, 0.80f, 0, 0, (EColorRange)*nametagcolor, 2.f, 0.35f), MAKE_ID('S','I','N','V'));
 	}
 	who->player->inventorytics = 5*TICRATE;
diff --git a/src/g_level.cpp b/src/g_level.cpp
index 46248deca6..ad83a2a05b 100644
--- a/src/g_level.cpp
+++ b/src/g_level.cpp
@@ -1059,7 +1059,7 @@ void G_DoLoadLevel (int position, bool autosave)
 	// [RH] Always save the game when entering a new level.
 	if (autosave && !savegamerestore && disableautosave < 1)
 	{
-		DAutosaver GCCNOWARN *dummy = new DAutosaver;
+		DAutosaver GCCNOWARN *dummy = Create<DAutosaver>();
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/src/g_shared/a_action.cpp b/src/g_shared/a_action.cpp
index 71f796a89b..627c7323de 100644
--- a/src/g_shared/a_action.cpp
+++ b/src/g_shared/a_action.cpp
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(AActor, A_QueueCorpse)
 
 	if (sv_corpsequeuesize > 0)
 	{
-		new DCorpsePointer (self);
+		Create<DCorpsePointer> (self);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/g_shared/a_decals.cpp b/src/g_shared/a_decals.cpp
index 9c31256ecd..edc170294a 100644
--- a/src/g_shared/a_decals.cpp
+++ b/src/g_shared/a_decals.cpp
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ void DBaseDecal::Spread (const FDecalTemplate *tpl, side_t *wall, double x, doub
 
 DBaseDecal *DBaseDecal::CloneSelf (const FDecalTemplate *tpl, double ix, double iy, double iz, side_t *wall, F3DFloor * ffloor) const
 {
-	DBaseDecal *decal = new DBaseDecal(iz);
+	DBaseDecal *decal = Create<DBaseDecal>(iz);
 	if (decal != NULL)
 	{
 		if (decal->StickToWall (wall, ix, iy, ffloor).isValid())
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ DImpactDecal *DImpactDecal::StaticCreate (const FDecalTemplate *tpl, const DVect
 			StaticCreate (tpl_low, pos, wall, ffloor, lowercolor);
 		}
 		DImpactDecal::CheckMax();
-		decal = new DImpactDecal (pos.Z);
+		decal = Create<DImpactDecal>(pos.Z);
 		if (decal == NULL)
 		{
 			return NULL;
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ DBaseDecal *DImpactDecal::CloneSelf (const FDecalTemplate *tpl, double ix, doubl
 	}
 
 	DImpactDecal::CheckMax();
-	DImpactDecal *decal = new DImpactDecal(iz);
+	DImpactDecal *decal = Create<DImpactDecal>(iz);
 	if (decal != NULL)
 	{
 		if (decal->StickToWall (wall, ix, iy, ffloor).isValid())
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ CCMD (spray)
 	Net_WriteString (argv[1]);
 }
 
-void SprayDecal(AActor *shooter, const char *name)
+void SprayDecal(AActor *shooter, const char *name, double distance)
 {
 	FTraceResults trace;
 
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ void SprayDecal(AActor *shooter, const char *name)
 	double c = pitch.Cos();
 	DVector3 vec(c * ang.Cos(), c * ang.Sin(), -pitch.Sin());
 
-	if (Trace(shooter->PosPlusZ(shooter->Height / 2), shooter->Sector, vec, 172., 0, ML_BLOCKEVERYTHING, shooter, trace, TRACE_NoSky))
+	if (Trace(shooter->PosPlusZ(shooter->Height / 2), shooter->Sector, vec, distance, 0, ML_BLOCKEVERYTHING, shooter, trace, TRACE_NoSky))
 	{
 		if (trace.HitType == TRACE_HitWall)
 		{
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ DBaseDecal *ShootDecal(const FDecalTemplate *tpl, AActor *basisactor, sector_t *
 	{
 		if (permanent)
 		{
-			decal = new DBaseDecal(trace.HitPos.Z);
+			decal = Create<DBaseDecal>(trace.HitPos.Z);
 			wall = trace.Line->sidedef[trace.Side];
 			decal->StickToWall(wall, trace.HitPos.X, trace.HitPos.Y, trace.ffloor);
 			tpl->ApplyToDecal(decal, wall);
diff --git a/src/g_shared/a_lightning.cpp b/src/g_shared/a_lightning.cpp
index cec7c18002..28cdeceea9 100644
--- a/src/g_shared/a_lightning.cpp
+++ b/src/g_shared/a_lightning.cpp
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ void P_StartLightning ()
 	DLightningThinker *lightning = LocateLightning ();
 	if (lightning == NULL)
 	{
-		new DLightningThinker ();
+		Create<DLightningThinker>();
 	}
 }
 
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ void P_ForceLightning (int mode)
 	DLightningThinker *lightning = LocateLightning ();
 	if (lightning == NULL)
 	{
-		lightning = new DLightningThinker ();
+		lightning = Create<DLightningThinker>();
 	}
 	if (lightning != NULL)
 	{
diff --git a/src/g_shared/a_quake.cpp b/src/g_shared/a_quake.cpp
index feb7e62560..6c8e0f2da2 100644
--- a/src/g_shared/a_quake.cpp
+++ b/src/g_shared/a_quake.cpp
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ bool P_StartQuakeXYZ(AActor *activator, int tid, int intensityX, int intensityY,
 	{
 		if (activator != NULL)
 		{
-			new DEarthquake(activator, intensityX, intensityY, intensityZ, duration, damrad, tremrad,
+			Create<DEarthquake>(activator, intensityX, intensityY, intensityZ, duration, damrad, tremrad,
 				quakesfx, flags, waveSpeedX, waveSpeedY, waveSpeedZ, falloff, highpoint, rollIntensity, rollWave);
 			return true;
 		}
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ bool P_StartQuakeXYZ(AActor *activator, int tid, int intensityX, int intensityY,
 		while ( (center = iterator.Next ()) )
 		{
 			res = true;
-			new DEarthquake(center, intensityX, intensityY, intensityZ, duration, damrad, tremrad,
+			Create<DEarthquake>(center, intensityX, intensityY, intensityZ, duration, damrad, tremrad,
 				quakesfx, flags, waveSpeedX, waveSpeedY, waveSpeedZ, falloff, highpoint, rollIntensity, rollWave);
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/src/g_shared/a_sharedglobal.h b/src/g_shared/a_sharedglobal.h
index f45cd9d0e2..626985f937 100644
--- a/src/g_shared/a_sharedglobal.h
+++ b/src/g_shared/a_sharedglobal.h
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ struct F3DFloor;
 class DBaseDecal;
 
 class DBaseDecal *ShootDecal(const FDecalTemplate *tpl, AActor *basisactor, sector_t *sec, double x, double y, double z, DAngle angle, double tracedist, bool permanent);
-void SprayDecal(AActor *shooter, const char *name);
+void SprayDecal(AActor *shooter, const char *name,double distance = 172.);
 
 class DBaseDecal : public DThinker
 {
diff --git a/src/g_shared/a_specialspot.cpp b/src/g_shared/a_specialspot.cpp
index 5c0919820a..dc6829d2dd 100644
--- a/src/g_shared/a_specialspot.cpp
+++ b/src/g_shared/a_specialspot.cpp
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ void DSpotState::Tick ()
 
 DSpotState *DSpotState::GetSpotState(bool create)
 {
-	if (SpotState == NULL && create) SpotState = new DSpotState;
+	if (SpotState == NULL && create) SpotState = Create<DSpotState>();
 	return SpotState;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/g_statusbar/shared_sbar.cpp b/src/g_statusbar/shared_sbar.cpp
index 1afe8d46df..4b2b1e727b 100644
--- a/src/g_statusbar/shared_sbar.cpp
+++ b/src/g_statusbar/shared_sbar.cpp
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ void DBaseStatusBar::ShowPlayerName ()
 	EColorRange color;
 
 	color = (CPlayer == &players[consoleplayer]) ? CR_GOLD : CR_GREEN;
-	AttachMessage (new DHUDMessageFadeOut (SmallFont, CPlayer->userinfo.GetName(),
+	AttachMessage (Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut> (SmallFont, CPlayer->userinfo.GetName(),
 		1.5f, 0.92f, 0, 0, color, 2.f, 0.35f), MAKE_ID('P','N','A','M'));
 }
 
@@ -1664,7 +1664,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DHUDFont, Create)
 	PARAM_BOOL_DEF(mono);
 	PARAM_INT_DEF(sx);
 	PARAM_INT_DEF(sy);
-	ACTION_RETURN_POINTER(new DHUDFont(fnt, spac, mono, sy, sy));
+	ACTION_RETURN_POINTER(Create<DHUDFont>(fnt, spac, mono, sy, sy));
 }
 
 DEFINE_FIELD(DHUDFont, mFont);
diff --git a/src/gameconfigfile.cpp b/src/gameconfigfile.cpp
index b3fc0b7126..ad9a87b208 100644
--- a/src/gameconfigfile.cpp
+++ b/src/gameconfigfile.cpp
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ void FGameConfigFile::CreateStandardAutoExec(const char *section, bool start)
 	}
 }
 
-void FGameConfigFile::AddAutoexec (DArgs *list, const char *game)
+void FGameConfigFile::AddAutoexec (FArgs *list, const char *game)
 {
 	char section[64];
 	const char *key;
diff --git a/src/gameconfigfile.h b/src/gameconfigfile.h
index faeec2e517..1ba066d058 100644
--- a/src/gameconfigfile.h
+++ b/src/gameconfigfile.h
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 #include "doomtype.h"
 #include "configfile.h"
 
-class DArgs;
+class FArgs;
 class FIWadManager;
 
 class FGameConfigFile : public FConfigFile
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public:
 	void DoModSetup (const char *gamename);
 	void ArchiveGlobalData ();
 	void ArchiveGameData (const char *gamename);
-	void AddAutoexec (DArgs *list, const char *gamename);
+	void AddAutoexec (FArgs *list, const char *gamename);
 	FString GetConfigPath (bool tryProg);
 	void ReadNetVars ();
 
diff --git a/src/gi.cpp b/src/gi.cpp
index 6be40f7018..ecc3016241 100644
--- a/src/gi.cpp
+++ b/src/gi.cpp
@@ -371,6 +371,7 @@ void FMapInfoParser::ParseGameInfo()
 		GAMEINFOKEY_STRING_STAMPED(statusbarclass, "statusbarclass", statusbarclassfile)
 		GAMEINFOKEY_MUSIC(intermissionMusic, intermissionOrder, "intermissionMusic")
 		GAMEINFOKEY_STRING(CursorPic, "CursorPic")
+		GAMEINFOKEY_STRING(MessageBoxClass, "MessageBoxClass")
 		GAMEINFOKEY_BOOL(noloopfinalemusic, "noloopfinalemusic")
 		GAMEINFOKEY_BOOL(drawreadthis, "drawreadthis")
 		GAMEINFOKEY_BOOL(swapmenu, "swapmenu")
diff --git a/src/gi.h b/src/gi.h
index 52fdaf49c1..be46aabfa9 100644
--- a/src/gi.h
+++ b/src/gi.h
@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ struct gameinfo_t
 	int statusbarfile = -1;
 	FName statusbarclass;
 	int statusbarclassfile = -1;
+	FName MessageBoxClass;
 	FName backpacktype;
 	FString intermissionMusic;
 	int intermissionOrder;
diff --git a/src/gl/system/gl_framebuffer.cpp b/src/gl/system/gl_framebuffer.cpp
index 24e6ee6264..a684f4c4cc 100644
--- a/src/gl/system/gl_framebuffer.cpp
+++ b/src/gl/system/gl_framebuffer.cpp
@@ -120,7 +120,10 @@ void OpenGLFrameBuffer::InitializeState()
 
 	if (first)
 	{
-		ogl_LoadFunctions();
+		if (ogl_LoadFunctions() == ogl_LOAD_FAILED)
+		{
+			I_FatalError("Failed to load OpenGL functions.");
+		}
 	}
 
 	gl_LoadExtensions();
diff --git a/src/intermission/intermission.cpp b/src/intermission/intermission.cpp
index 916d1c24d5..650f03f875 100644
--- a/src/intermission/intermission.cpp
+++ b/src/intermission/intermission.cpp
@@ -897,7 +897,7 @@ void F_StartIntermission(FIntermissionDescriptor *desc, bool deleteme, uint8_t s
 	if (state == FSTATE_InLevel) wipegamestate = GS_FINALE;	// don't wipe when within a level.
 	viewactive = false;
 	automapactive = false;
-	DIntermissionController::CurrentIntermission = new DIntermissionController(desc, deleteme, state);
+	DIntermissionController::CurrentIntermission = Create<DIntermissionController>(desc, deleteme, state);
 	GC::WriteBarrier(DIntermissionController::CurrentIntermission);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/m_argv.cpp b/src/m_argv.cpp
index 3958859860..aac5771d63 100644
--- a/src/m_argv.cpp
+++ b/src/m_argv.cpp
@@ -37,47 +37,45 @@
 #include "cmdlib.h"
 #include "i_system.h"
 
-IMPLEMENT_CLASS(DArgs, false, false)
-
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs Default Constructor
+// FArgs Default Constructor
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-DArgs::DArgs()
+FArgs::FArgs()
 {
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs Copy Constructor
+// FArgs Copy Constructor
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-DArgs::DArgs(const DArgs &other)
-: DObject(), Argv(other.Argv)
+FArgs::FArgs(const FArgs &other)
+: Argv(other.Argv)
 {
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs Argv Constructor
+// FArgs Argv Constructor
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-DArgs::DArgs(int argc, char **argv)
+FArgs::FArgs(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	SetArgs(argc, argv);
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs String Argv Constructor
+// FArgs String Argv Constructor
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-DArgs::DArgs(int argc, FString *argv)
+FArgs::FArgs(int argc, FString *argv)
 {
 	AppendArgs(argc, argv);
 }
@@ -86,11 +84,11 @@ DArgs::DArgs(int argc, FString *argv)
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs Copy Operator
+// FArgs Copy Operator
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-DArgs &DArgs::operator=(const DArgs &other)
+FArgs &FArgs::operator=(const FArgs &other)
 {
 	Argv = other.Argv;
 	return *this;
@@ -98,11 +96,11 @@ DArgs &DArgs::operator=(const DArgs &other)
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: SetArgs
+// FArgs :: SetArgs
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-void DArgs::SetArgs(int argc, char **argv)
+void FArgs::SetArgs(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	Argv.Resize(argc);
 	for (int i = 0; i < argc; ++i)
@@ -113,25 +111,25 @@ void DArgs::SetArgs(int argc, char **argv)
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: FlushArgs
+// FArgs :: FlushArgs
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-void DArgs::FlushArgs()
+void FArgs::FlushArgs()
 {
 	Argv.Clear();
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: CheckParm
+// FArgs :: CheckParm
 //
 // Checks for the given parameter in the program's command line arguments.
 // Returns the argument number (1 to argc-1) or 0 if not present
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-int DArgs::CheckParm(const char *check, int start) const
+int FArgs::CheckParm(const char *check, int start) const
 {
 	for (unsigned i = start; i < Argv.Size(); ++i)
 	{
@@ -145,14 +143,14 @@ int DArgs::CheckParm(const char *check, int start) const
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: CheckParmList
+// FArgs :: CheckParmList
 //
 // Returns the number of arguments after the parameter (if found) and also
 // returns a pointer to the first argument.
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-int DArgs::CheckParmList(const char *check, FString **strings, int start) const
+int FArgs::CheckParmList(const char *check, FString **strings, int start) const
 {
 	unsigned int i, parmat = CheckParm(check, start);
 
@@ -180,14 +178,14 @@ int DArgs::CheckParmList(const char *check, FString **strings, int start) const
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: CheckValue
+// FArgs :: CheckValue
 //
 // Like CheckParm, but it also checks that the parameter has a value after
 // it and returns that or NULL if not present.
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-const char *DArgs::CheckValue(const char *check) const
+const char *FArgs::CheckValue(const char *check) const
 {
 	int i = CheckParm(check);
 
@@ -204,14 +202,14 @@ const char *DArgs::CheckValue(const char *check) const
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: TakeValue
+// FArgs :: TakeValue
 //
 // Like CheckValue, except it also removes the parameter and its argument
 // (if present) from argv.
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-FString DArgs::TakeValue(const char *check)
+FString FArgs::TakeValue(const char *check)
 {
 	int i = CheckParm(check);
 	FString out;
@@ -233,11 +231,11 @@ FString DArgs::TakeValue(const char *check)
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: RemoveArg
+// FArgs :: RemoveArg
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-void DArgs::RemoveArgs(const char *check)
+void FArgs::RemoveArgs(const char *check)
 {
 	int i = CheckParm(check);
 
@@ -253,64 +251,64 @@ void DArgs::RemoveArgs(const char *check)
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: GetArg
+// FArgs :: GetArg
 //
 // Gets the argument at a particular position.
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-const char *DArgs::GetArg(int arg) const
+const char *FArgs::GetArg(int arg) const
 {
 	return ((unsigned)arg < Argv.Size()) ? Argv[arg].GetChars() : NULL;
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: GetArgList
+// FArgs :: GetArgList
 //
 // Returns a pointer to the FString at a particular position.
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-FString *DArgs::GetArgList(int arg) const
+FString *FArgs::GetArgList(int arg) const
 {
 	return ((unsigned)arg < Argv.Size()) ? &Argv[arg] : NULL;
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: NumArgs
+// FArgs :: NumArgs
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-int DArgs::NumArgs() const
+int FArgs::NumArgs() const
 {
 	return (int)Argv.Size();
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: AppendArg
+// FArgs :: AppendArg
 //
 // Adds another argument to argv. Invalidates any previous results from
 // GetArgList().
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-void DArgs::AppendArg(FString arg)
+void FArgs::AppendArg(FString arg)
 {
 	Argv.Push(arg);
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: AppendArgs
+// FArgs :: AppendArgs
 //
 // Adds an array of FStrings to argv.
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-void DArgs::AppendArgs(int argc, const FString *argv)
+void FArgs::AppendArgs(int argc, const FString *argv)
 {
 	if (argv != NULL && argc > 0)
 	{
@@ -324,20 +322,20 @@ void DArgs::AppendArgs(int argc, const FString *argv)
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: RemoveArg
+// FArgs :: RemoveArg
 //
 // Removes a single argument from argv.
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-void DArgs::RemoveArg(int argindex)
+void FArgs::RemoveArg(int argindex)
 {
 	Argv.Delete(argindex);
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: CollectFiles
+// FArgs :: CollectFiles
 //
 // Takes all arguments after any instance of -param and any arguments before
 // all switches that end in .extension and combines them into a single
@@ -346,7 +344,7 @@ void DArgs::RemoveArg(int argindex)
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-void DArgs::CollectFiles(const char *param, const char *extension)
+void FArgs::CollectFiles(const char *param, const char *extension)
 {
 	TArray<FString> work;
 	unsigned int i;
@@ -407,7 +405,7 @@ void DArgs::CollectFiles(const char *param, const char *extension)
 
 //===========================================================================
 //
-// DArgs :: GatherFiles
+// FArgs :: GatherFiles
 //
 // Returns all the arguments after the first instance of -param. If you want
 // to combine more than one or get switchless stuff included, you need to
@@ -415,11 +413,11 @@ void DArgs::CollectFiles(const char *param, const char *extension)
 //
 //===========================================================================
 
-DArgs *DArgs::GatherFiles(const char *param) const
+FArgs *FArgs::GatherFiles(const char *param) const
 {
 	FString *files;
 	int filecount;
 
 	filecount = CheckParmList(param, &files);
-	return new DArgs(filecount, files);
+	return new FArgs(filecount, files);
 }
diff --git a/src/m_argv.h b/src/m_argv.h
index c317256f77..31df56ad8e 100644
--- a/src/m_argv.h
+++ b/src/m_argv.h
@@ -40,16 +40,15 @@
 //
 // MISC
 //
-class DArgs : public DObject
+class FArgs
 {
-	DECLARE_CLASS(DArgs, DObject)
 public:
-	DArgs();
-	DArgs(const DArgs &args);
-	DArgs(int argc, char **argv);
-	DArgs(int argc, FString *argv);
+	FArgs();
+	FArgs(const FArgs &args);
+	FArgs(int argc, char **argv);
+	FArgs(int argc, FString *argv);
 
-	DArgs &operator=(const DArgs &other);
+	FArgs &operator=(const FArgs &other);
 
 	void AppendArg(FString arg);
 	void AppendArgs(int argc, const FString *argv);
@@ -57,7 +56,7 @@ public:
 	void RemoveArgs(const char *check);
 	void SetArgs(int argc, char **argv);
 	void CollectFiles(const char *param, const char *extension);
-	DArgs *GatherFiles(const char *param) const;
+	FArgs *GatherFiles(const char *param) const;
 	void SetArg(int argnum, const char *arg);
 
 	int CheckParm(const char *check, int start=1) const;	// Returns the position of the given parameter in the arg list (0 if not found).
@@ -73,6 +72,6 @@ private:
 	TArray<FString> Argv;
 };
 
-extern DArgs *Args;
+extern FArgs *Args;
 
 #endif //__M_ARGV_H__
diff --git a/src/m_cheat.cpp b/src/m_cheat.cpp
index b667415a87..cba490a0c7 100644
--- a/src/m_cheat.cpp
+++ b/src/m_cheat.cpp
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ void cht_Suicide (player_t *plyr)
 	// the initial tick.
 	if (plyr->mo != NULL)
 	{
-		DSuicider *suicide = new DSuicider;
+		DSuicider *suicide = Create<DSuicider>();
 		suicide->Pawn = plyr->mo;
 		GC::WriteBarrier(suicide, suicide->Pawn);
 	}
diff --git a/src/m_misc.cpp b/src/m_misc.cpp
index 229835405b..a118638aa9 100644
--- a/src/m_misc.cpp
+++ b/src/m_misc.cpp
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ void M_FindResponseFile (void)
 				ParseCommandLine (file, NULL, argv);
 
 				// Create a new argument vector
-				DArgs *newargs = new DArgs;
+				FArgs *newargs = new FArgs;
 
 				// Copy parameters before response file.
 				for (index = 0; index < i; ++index)
@@ -246,6 +246,7 @@ void M_FindResponseFile (void)
 					newargs->AppendArg(Args->GetArg(index));
 
 				// Use the new argument vector as the global Args object.
+				delete Args;
 				Args = newargs;
 				if (++added_stuff == limit)
 				{
diff --git a/src/menu/menudef.cpp b/src/menu/menudef.cpp
index 8c80325c08..a14ac25b32 100644
--- a/src/menu/menudef.cpp
+++ b/src/menu/menudef.cpp
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ static void ParseListMenu(FScanner &sc)
 {
 	sc.MustGetString();
 
-	DListMenuDescriptor *desc = new DListMenuDescriptor;
+	DListMenuDescriptor *desc = Create<DListMenuDescriptor>();
 	desc->mMenuName = sc.String;
 	desc->mSelectedItem = -1;
 	desc->mAutoselect = -1;
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ static void ParseOptionMenu(FScanner &sc)
 {
 	sc.MustGetString();
 
-	DOptionMenuDescriptor *desc = new DOptionMenuDescriptor;
+	DOptionMenuDescriptor *desc = Create<DOptionMenuDescriptor>();
 	desc->mMenuName = sc.String;
 	desc->mSelectedItem = -1;
 	desc->mScrollPos = 0;
@@ -919,8 +919,8 @@ void M_ParseMenuDefs()
 	OptionSettings.mFontColorHighlight = V_FindFontColor(gameinfo.mFontColorHighlight);
 	OptionSettings.mFontColorSelection = V_FindFontColor(gameinfo.mFontColorSelection);
 	// these are supposed to get GC'd after parsing is complete.
-	DefaultListMenuSettings = new DListMenuDescriptor;
-	DefaultOptionMenuSettings = new DOptionMenuDescriptor;
+	DefaultListMenuSettings = Create<DListMenuDescriptor>();
+	DefaultOptionMenuSettings = Create<DOptionMenuDescriptor>();
 	DefaultListMenuSettings->Reset();
 	DefaultOptionMenuSettings->Reset();
 
@@ -1066,7 +1066,7 @@ static void BuildEpisodeMenu()
 	{
 		// Couldn't create the episode menu, either because there's too many episodes or some error occured
 		// Create an option menu for episode selection instead.
-		DOptionMenuDescriptor *od = new DOptionMenuDescriptor;
+		DOptionMenuDescriptor *od = Create<DOptionMenuDescriptor>();
 		MenuDescriptors[NAME_Episodemenu] = od;
 		od->mMenuName = NAME_Episodemenu;
 		od->mTitle = "$MNU_EPISODE";
@@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@ static void BuildPlayerclassMenu()
 	{
 		// Couldn't create the playerclass menu, either because there's too many episodes or some error occured
 		// Create an option menu for class selection instead.
-		DOptionMenuDescriptor *od = new DOptionMenuDescriptor;
+		DOptionMenuDescriptor *od = Create<DOptionMenuDescriptor>();
 		MenuDescriptors[NAME_Playerclassmenu] = od;
 		od->mMenuName = NAME_Playerclassmenu;
 		od->mTitle = "$MNU_CHOOSECLASS";
@@ -1505,7 +1505,7 @@ fail:
 	DOptionMenuDescriptor *od;
 	if (desc == nullptr)
 	{
-		od = new DOptionMenuDescriptor;
+		od = Create<DOptionMenuDescriptor>();
 		MenuDescriptors[NAME_Skillmenu] = od;
 		od->mMenuName = NAME_Skillmenu;
 		od->mTitle = "$MNU_CHOOSESKILL";
diff --git a/src/menu/messagebox.cpp b/src/menu/messagebox.cpp
index 3684209646..3531cf2f62 100644
--- a/src/menu/messagebox.cpp
+++ b/src/menu/messagebox.cpp
@@ -66,14 +66,18 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DMessageBoxMenu, CallHandler)
 
 DMenu *CreateMessageBoxMenu(DMenu *parent, const char *message, int messagemode, bool playsound, FName action = NAME_None, hfunc handler = nullptr)
 {
-	auto c = PClass::FindClass("MessageBoxMenu");
+	auto c = PClass::FindClass(gameinfo.MessageBoxClass);
+	if (!c->IsDescendantOf(NAME_MessageBoxMenu)) c = PClass::FindClass(NAME_MessageBoxMenu);
 	auto p = c->CreateNew();
 	FString namestr = message;
-	VMValue params[] = { p, parent, &namestr, messagemode, playsound, action.GetIndex(), reinterpret_cast<void*>(handler) };
 
-	auto f = dyn_cast<PFunction>(c->FindSymbol("Init", false));
-	VMCall(f->Variants[0].Implementation, params, countof(params), nullptr, 0);
-	return (DMenu*)p;
+	IFVIRTUALPTRNAME(p, NAME_MessageBoxMenu, Init)
+	{
+		VMValue params[] = { p, parent, &namestr, messagemode, playsound, action.GetIndex(), reinterpret_cast<void*>(handler) };
+		VMCall(func, params, countof(params), nullptr, 0);
+		return (DMenu*)p;
+	}
+	return nullptr;
 }
 
 //=============================================================================
diff --git a/src/namedef.h b/src/namedef.h
index 18075976d7..ad29da9ba7 100644
--- a/src/namedef.h
+++ b/src/namedef.h
@@ -111,10 +111,8 @@ xx(Ironlich)
 xx(Minotaur)
 xx(Sorcerer2)
 
-// P_SpawnMapThing checks for these as health items (I smell a FIXME)
-xx(Berserk)
-xx(Soulsphere)
-xx(Megasphere)		// also counts as armor for P_SpawnMapThing
+// Bots check this
+xx(Megasphere)
 
 // Standard player classes
 xx(DoomPlayer)
@@ -337,6 +335,7 @@ xx(RandomPick)
 xx(FRandomPick)
 xx(GetClass)
 xx(GetParentClass)
+xx(GetClassName)
 xx(GetDefaultByType)
 xx(Exp)
 xx(Log10)
@@ -912,3 +911,5 @@ xx(Enum)
 xx(StaticArray)
 xx(DynArray)
 xx(Struct)
+xx(ReflectType)
+xx(MessageBoxMenu)
diff --git a/src/p_acs.cpp b/src/p_acs.cpp
index dd75f90697..58288d9e13 100644
--- a/src/p_acs.cpp
+++ b/src/p_acs.cpp
@@ -3659,7 +3659,7 @@ DLevelScript::DLevelScript ()
 {
 	next = prev = NULL;
 	if (DACSThinker::ActiveThinker == NULL)
-		new DACSThinker;
+		Create<DACSThinker>();
 	activefont = SmallFont;
 }
 
@@ -4071,7 +4071,7 @@ showme:
 							fa1 = viewer->BlendA;
 						}
 					}
-					new DFlashFader (fr1, fg1, fb1, fa1, fr2, fg2, fb2, fa2, ftime, viewer->mo);
+					Create<DFlashFader> (fr1, fg1, fb1, fa1, fr2, fg2, fb2, fa2, ftime, viewer->mo);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -8819,13 +8819,13 @@ scriptwait:
 					{
 					default:	// normal
 						alpha = (optstart < sp) ? ACSToFloat(Stack[optstart]) : 1.f;
-						msg = new DHUDMessage (activefont, work, x, y, hudwidth, hudheight, color, holdTime);
+						msg = Create<DHUDMessage> (activefont, work, x, y, hudwidth, hudheight, color, holdTime);
 						break;
 					case 1:		// fade out
 						{
 							float fadeTime = (optstart < sp) ? ACSToFloat(Stack[optstart]) : 0.5f;
 							alpha = (optstart < sp-1) ? ACSToFloat(Stack[optstart+1]) : 1.f;
-							msg = new DHUDMessageFadeOut (activefont, work, x, y, hudwidth, hudheight, color, holdTime, fadeTime);
+							msg = Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut> (activefont, work, x, y, hudwidth, hudheight, color, holdTime, fadeTime);
 						}
 						break;
 					case 2:		// type on, then fade out
@@ -8833,7 +8833,7 @@ scriptwait:
 							float typeTime = (optstart < sp) ? ACSToFloat(Stack[optstart]) : 0.05f;
 							float fadeTime = (optstart < sp-1) ? ACSToFloat(Stack[optstart+1]) : 0.5f;
 							alpha = (optstart < sp-2) ? ACSToFloat(Stack[optstart+2]) : 1.f;
-							msg = new DHUDMessageTypeOnFadeOut (activefont, work, x, y, hudwidth, hudheight, color, typeTime, holdTime, fadeTime);
+							msg = Create<DHUDMessageTypeOnFadeOut> (activefont, work, x, y, hudwidth, hudheight, color, typeTime, holdTime, fadeTime);
 						}
 						break;
 					case 3:		// fade in, then fade out
@@ -8841,7 +8841,7 @@ scriptwait:
 							float inTime = (optstart < sp) ? ACSToFloat(Stack[optstart]) : 0.5f;
 							float outTime = (optstart < sp-1) ? ACSToFloat(Stack[optstart+1]) : 0.5f;
 							alpha = (optstart < sp-2) ? ACSToFloat(Stack[optstart + 2]) : 1.f;
-							msg = new DHUDMessageFadeInOut (activefont, work, x, y, hudwidth, hudheight, color, holdTime, inTime, outTime);
+							msg = Create<DHUDMessageFadeInOut> (activefont, work, x, y, hudwidth, hudheight, color, holdTime, inTime, outTime);
 						}
 						break;
 					}
@@ -9630,13 +9630,13 @@ scriptwait:
 			break;
 
 		case PCD_SETFLOORTRIGGER:
-			new DPlaneWatcher (activator, activationline, backSide, false, STACK(8),
+			Create<DPlaneWatcher> (activator, activationline, backSide, false, STACK(8),
 				STACK(7), STACK(6), STACK(5), STACK(4), STACK(3), STACK(2), STACK(1));
 			sp -= 8;
 			break;
 
 		case PCD_SETCEILINGTRIGGER:
-			new DPlaneWatcher (activator, activationline, backSide, true, STACK(8),
+			Create<DPlaneWatcher> (activator, activationline, backSide, true, STACK(8),
 				STACK(7), STACK(6), STACK(5), STACK(4), STACK(3), STACK(2), STACK(1));
 			sp -= 8;
 			break;
@@ -10513,7 +10513,7 @@ static DLevelScript *P_GetScriptGoing (AActor *who, line_t *where, int num, cons
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	return new DLevelScript (who, where, num, code, module, args, argcount, flags);
+	return Create<DLevelScript> (who, where, num, code, module, args, argcount, flags);
 }
 
 DLevelScript::DLevelScript (AActor *who, line_t *where, int num, const ScriptPtr *code, FBehavior *module,
@@ -10521,7 +10521,7 @@ DLevelScript::DLevelScript (AActor *who, line_t *where, int num, const ScriptPtr
 	: activeBehavior (module)
 {
 	if (DACSThinker::ActiveThinker == NULL)
-		new DACSThinker;
+		Create<DACSThinker>();
 
 	script = num;
 	assert(code->VarCount >= code->ArgCount);
diff --git a/src/p_actionfunctions.cpp b/src/p_actionfunctions.cpp
index 19cafed238..838c885e60 100644
--- a/src/p_actionfunctions.cpp
+++ b/src/p_actionfunctions.cpp
@@ -3574,8 +3574,8 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(AActor, A_SetBlend)
 	if (color2.a == 0)
 		color2 = color;
 
-	new DFlashFader(color.r/255.f, color.g/255.f, color.b/255.f, float(alpha),
-					color2.r/255.f, color2.g/255.f, color2.b/255.f, 0,
+	Create<DFlashFader>(color.r/255.f, color.g/255.f, color.b/255.f, float(alpha),
+					color2.r/255.f, color2.g/255.f, color2.b/255.f, 0.f,
 					float(tics)/TICRATE, self);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -6813,7 +6813,8 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(AActor, A_SprayDecal)
 {
 	PARAM_SELF_PROLOGUE(AActor);
 	PARAM_STRING(name);
-	SprayDecal(self, name);
+	PARAM_FLOAT_DEF(dist);
+	SprayDecal(self, name, dist);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/p_ceiling.cpp b/src/p_ceiling.cpp
index c7bc715f2e..40b0094ab4 100644
--- a/src/p_ceiling.cpp
+++ b/src/p_ceiling.cpp
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ bool P_CreateCeiling(sector_t *sec, DCeiling::ECeiling type, line_t *line, int t
 	}
 	
 	// new door thinker
-	DCeiling *ceiling = new DCeiling (sec, speed, speed2, silent & ~4);
+	DCeiling *ceiling = Create<DCeiling> (sec, speed, speed2, silent & ~4);
 	vertex_t *spot = sec->Lines[0]->v1;
 
 	switch (type)
diff --git a/src/p_conversation.cpp b/src/p_conversation.cpp
index bbd9281b77..a715f6a491 100644
--- a/src/p_conversation.cpp
+++ b/src/p_conversation.cpp
@@ -1170,9 +1170,9 @@ static void TerminalResponse (const char *str)
 			// merchants can tell you something like this but continue to show
 			// their dialogue screen. I think most other conversations use this
 			// only as a response for terminating the dialogue.
-			StatusBar->AttachMessage(new DHUDMessageFadeOut(SmallFont, str,
+			StatusBar->AttachMessage(Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut>(SmallFont, str,
 				float(CleanWidth/2) + 0.4f, float(ConversationMenuY - 110 + CleanHeight/2), CleanWidth, -CleanHeight,
-				CR_UNTRANSLATED, 3, 1), MAKE_ID('T','A','L','K'));
+				CR_UNTRANSLATED, 3.f, 1.f), MAKE_ID('T','A','L','K'));
 		}
 		else
 		{
diff --git a/src/p_doors.cpp b/src/p_doors.cpp
index f09fd7f9bf..13c5447f13 100644
--- a/src/p_doors.cpp
+++ b/src/p_doors.cpp
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ bool EV_DoDoor (DDoor::EVlDoor type, line_t *line, AActor *thing,
 			}
 			return false;
 		}
-		if (new DDoor (sec, type, speed, delay, lightTag, topcountdown))
+		if (Create<DDoor> (sec, type, speed, delay, lightTag, topcountdown))
 			rtn = true;
 	}
 	else
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ bool EV_DoDoor (DDoor::EVlDoor type, line_t *line, AActor *thing,
 			if (sec->PlaneMoving(sector_t::ceiling))
 				continue;
 
-			if (new DDoor (sec, type, speed, delay, lightTag, topcountdown))
+			if (Create<DDoor>(sec, type, speed, delay, lightTag, topcountdown))
 				rtn = true;
 		}
 				
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ bool EV_SlidingDoor (line_t *line, AActor *actor, int tag, int speed, int delay,
 		FDoorAnimation *anim = TexMan.FindAnimatedDoor (line->sidedef[0]->GetTexture(side_t::top));
 		if (anim != NULL)
 		{
-			new DAnimatedDoor (sec, line, speed, delay, anim, type);
+			Create<DAnimatedDoor>(sec, line, speed, delay, anim, type);
 			return true;
 		}
 		return false;
@@ -804,7 +804,7 @@ bool EV_SlidingDoor (line_t *line, AActor *actor, int tag, int speed, int delay,
 			if (anim != NULL)
 			{
 				rtn = true;
-				new DAnimatedDoor (sec, line, speed, delay, anim, type);
+				Create<DAnimatedDoor>(sec, line, speed, delay, anim, type);
 				break;
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/src/p_floor.cpp b/src/p_floor.cpp
index 918419fbea..580726155b 100644
--- a/src/p_floor.cpp
+++ b/src/p_floor.cpp
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ bool P_CreateFloor(sector_t *sec, DFloor::EFloor floortype, line_t *line,
 
 	// new floor thinker
 	rtn = true;
-	floor = new DFloor(sec);
+	floor = Create<DFloor>(sec);
 	floor->m_Type = floortype;
 	floor->m_Crush = crush;
 	floor->m_Hexencrush = hexencrush;
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ bool EV_BuildStairs (int tag, DFloor::EStair type, line_t *line,
 		
 		// new floor thinker
 		rtn = true;
-		floor = new DFloor (sec);
+		floor = Create<DFloor> (sec);
 		floor->m_Direction = (type == DFloor::buildUp) ? 1 : -1;
 		stairstep = stairsize * floor->m_Direction;
 		floor->m_Type = DFloor::buildStair;	//jff 3/31/98 do not leave uninited
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ bool EV_BuildStairs (int tag, DFloor::EStair type, line_t *line,
 				secnum = newsecnum;
 
 				// create and initialize a thinker for the next step
-				floor = new DFloor (sec);
+				floor = Create<DFloor> (sec);
 				floor->StartFloorSound ();
 				floor->m_Direction = (type == DFloor::buildUp) ? 1 : -1;
 				floor->m_FloorDestDist = sec->floorplane.PointToDist (DVector2(0, 0), height);
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ bool EV_DoDonut (int tag, line_t *line, double pillarspeed, double slimespeed)
 			s3 = ln->backsector;
 			
 			//	Spawn rising slime
-			floor = new DFloor (s2);
+			floor = Create<DFloor> (s2);
 			floor->m_Type = DFloor::donutRaise;
 			floor->m_Crush = -1;
 			floor->m_Hexencrush = false;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ bool EV_DoDonut (int tag, line_t *line, double pillarspeed, double slimespeed)
 			floor->StartFloorSound ();
 			
 			//	Spawn lowering donut-hole
-			floor = new DFloor (s1);
+			floor = Create<DFloor> (s1);
 			floor->m_Type = DFloor::floorLowerToNearest;
 			floor->m_Crush = -1;
 			floor->m_Hexencrush = false;
@@ -1017,7 +1017,7 @@ bool EV_DoElevator (line_t *line, DElevator::EElevator elevtype,
 
 		// create and initialize new elevator thinker
 		rtn = true;
-		elevator = new DElevator (sec);
+		elevator = Create<DElevator> (sec);
 		elevator->m_Type = elevtype;
 		elevator->m_Speed = speed;
 		elevator->StartFloorSound ();
@@ -1327,12 +1327,12 @@ bool EV_StartWaggle (int tag, line_t *line, int height, int speed, int offset,
 		retCode = true;
 		if (ceiling)
 		{
-			waggle = new DCeilingWaggle (sector);
+			waggle = Create<DCeilingWaggle> (sector);
 			waggle->m_OriginalDist = sector->ceilingplane.fD();
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			waggle = new DFloorWaggle (sector);
+			waggle = Create<DFloorWaggle> (sector);
 			waggle->m_OriginalDist = sector->floorplane.fD();
 		}
 		waggle->m_Accumulator = offset;
diff --git a/src/p_interaction.cpp b/src/p_interaction.cpp
index 6de00eb378..59a22fa762 100644
--- a/src/p_interaction.cpp
+++ b/src/p_interaction.cpp
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ void AActor::Die (AActor *source, AActor *inflictor, int dmgflags)
 					SexMessage (GStrings("SPREEKILLSELF"), buff,
 						player->userinfo.GetGender(), player->userinfo.GetName(),
 						player->userinfo.GetName());
-					StatusBar->AttachMessage (new DHUDMessageFadeOut (SmallFont, buff,
+					StatusBar->AttachMessage (Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut>(SmallFont, buff,
 							1.5f, 0.2f, 0, 0, CR_WHITE, 3.f, 0.5f), MAKE_ID('K','S','P','R'));
 				}
 			}
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ void AActor::Die (AActor *source, AActor *inflictor, int dmgflags)
 						{
 							SexMessage (GStrings("SPREEOVER"), buff, player->userinfo.GetGender(),
 								player->userinfo.GetName(), source->player->userinfo.GetName());
-							StatusBar->AttachMessage (new DHUDMessageFadeOut (SmallFont, buff,
+							StatusBar->AttachMessage (Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut> (SmallFont, buff,
 								1.5f, 0.2f, 0, 0, CR_WHITE, 3.f, 0.5f), MAKE_ID('K','S','P','R'));
 						}
 					}
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ void AActor::Die (AActor *source, AActor *inflictor, int dmgflags)
 						{
 							SexMessage (spreemsg, buff, player->userinfo.GetGender(),
 								player->userinfo.GetName(), source->player->userinfo.GetName());
-							StatusBar->AttachMessage (new DHUDMessageFadeOut (SmallFont, buff,
+							StatusBar->AttachMessage (Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut> (SmallFont, buff,
 								1.5f, 0.2f, 0, 0, CR_WHITE, 3.f, 0.5f), MAKE_ID('K','S','P','R'));
 						}
 					}
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ void AActor::Die (AActor *source, AActor *inflictor, int dmgflags)
 							{
 								SexMessage (multimsg, buff, player->userinfo.GetGender(),
 									player->userinfo.GetName(), source->player->userinfo.GetName());
-								StatusBar->AttachMessage (new DHUDMessageFadeOut (SmallFont, buff,
+								StatusBar->AttachMessage (Create<DHUDMessageFadeOut> (SmallFont, buff,
 									1.5f, 0.8f, 0, 0, CR_RED, 3.f, 0.5f), MAKE_ID('M','K','I','L'));
 							}
 						}
@@ -1122,20 +1122,27 @@ static int DamageMobj (AActor *target, AActor *inflictor, AActor *source, int da
 
 	{
 		int reflectdamage = 0;
+		bool reflecttype = false;
 		for (auto p = target->player->mo->Inventory; p != nullptr; p = p->Inventory)
 		{
 			// This picks the reflection item with the maximum efficiency for the given damage type.
 			if (p->IsKindOf(NAME_PowerReflection))
 			{
-				int mydamage = p->ApplyDamageFactor(mod, damage);
-				if (mydamage > reflectdamage) reflectdamage = mydamage;
+				double alwaysreflect = p->FloatVar(NAME_Strength);
+				int alwaysdamage = clamp(int(damage * alwaysreflect), 0, damage);
+				int mydamage = alwaysdamage + p->ApplyDamageFactor(mod, damage - alwaysdamage);
+				if (mydamage > reflectdamage)
+				{
+					reflectdamage = mydamage;
+					reflecttype = p->BoolVar(NAME_ReflectType);
+				}
 			}
 		}
 
 		if (reflectdamage > 0)
 		{
 			// use the reflect item's damage factors to get the final value here.
-			P_DamageMobj(source, nullptr, target, reflectdamage, NAME_Reflection );
+			P_DamageMobj(source, nullptr, target, reflectdamage, reflecttype? mod : NAME_Reflection );
 
 			// Reset means of death flag.
 			MeansOfDeath = mod;
diff --git a/src/p_lights.cpp b/src/p_lights.cpp
index d680bfc46b..c3a69f0527 100644
--- a/src/p_lights.cpp
+++ b/src/p_lights.cpp
@@ -152,14 +152,16 @@ class DPhased : public DLighting
 public:
 	DPhased(sector_t *sector);
 	DPhased(sector_t *sector, int baselevel, int phase);
+	// These are for internal use only but the Create template needs access to them.
+	DPhased();
+	DPhased(sector_t *sector, int baselevel);
+
 	void		Serialize(FSerializer &arc);
 	void		Tick();
 protected:
 	uint8_t		m_BaseLevel;
 	uint8_t		m_Phase;
 private:
-	DPhased();
-	DPhased(sector_t *sector, int baselevel);
 	int PhaseHelper(sector_t *sector, int index, int light, sector_t *prev);
 };
 
@@ -325,7 +327,7 @@ void EV_StartLightFlickering (int tag, int upper, int lower)
 	FSectorTagIterator it(tag);
 	while ((secnum = it.Next()) >= 0)
 	{
-		new DFlicker (&level.sectors[secnum], upper, lower);
+		Create<DFlicker> (&level.sectors[secnum], upper, lower);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -506,7 +508,7 @@ void EV_StartLightStrobing (int tag, int upper, int lower, int utics, int ltics)
 		if (sec->lightingdata)
 			continue;
 		
-		new DStrobe (sec, upper, lower, utics, ltics);
+		Create<DStrobe> (sec, upper, lower, utics, ltics);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -520,7 +522,7 @@ void EV_StartLightStrobing (int tag, int utics, int ltics)
 		if (sec->lightingdata)
 			continue;
 		
-		new DStrobe (sec, utics, ltics, false);
+		Create<DStrobe> (sec, utics, ltics, false);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -826,7 +828,7 @@ void EV_StartLightGlowing (int tag, int upper, int lower, int tics)
 		if (sec->lightingdata)
 			continue;
 		
-		new DGlow2 (sec, upper, lower, tics, false);
+		Create<DGlow2> (sec, upper, lower, tics, false);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -856,7 +858,7 @@ void EV_StartLightFading (int tag, int value, int tics)
 			if (sec->lightlevel == value)
 				continue;
 
-			new DGlow2 (sec, sec->lightlevel, value, tics, true);
+			Create<DGlow2> (sec, sec->lightlevel, value, tics, true);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -930,7 +932,7 @@ int DPhased::PhaseHelper (sector_t *sector, int index, int light, sector_t *prev
 			m_BaseLevel = baselevel;
 		}
 		else
-			l = new DPhased (sector, baselevel);
+			l = Create<DPhased> (sector, baselevel);
 
 		int numsteps = PhaseHelper (sector->NextSpecialSector (
 				sector->special == LightSequenceSpecial1 ?
@@ -998,52 +1000,52 @@ void P_SpawnLights(sector_t *sector)
 	switch (sector->special)
 	{
 	case Light_Phased:
-		new DPhased(sector, 48, 63 - (sector->lightlevel & 63));
+		Create<DPhased>(sector, 48, 63 - (sector->lightlevel & 63));
 		break;
 
 		// [RH] Hexen-like phased lighting
 	case LightSequenceStart:
-		new DPhased(sector);
+		Create<DPhased>(sector);
 		break;
 
 	case dLight_Flicker:
-		new DLightFlash(sector);
+		Create<DLightFlash>(sector);
 		break;
 
 	case dLight_StrobeFast:
-		new DStrobe(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, false);
+		Create<DStrobe>(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, false);
 		break;
 
 	case dLight_StrobeSlow:
-		new DStrobe(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, SLOWDARK, false);
+		Create<DStrobe>(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, SLOWDARK, false);
 		break;
 
 	case dLight_Strobe_Hurt:
-		new DStrobe(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, false);
+		Create<DStrobe>(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, false);
 		break;
 
 	case dLight_Glow:
-		new DGlow(sector);
+		Create<DGlow>(sector);
 		break;
 
 	case dLight_StrobeSlowSync:
-		new DStrobe(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, SLOWDARK, true);
+		Create<DStrobe>(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, SLOWDARK, true);
 		break;
 
 	case dLight_StrobeFastSync:
-		new DStrobe(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, true);
+		Create<DStrobe>(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, true);
 		break;
 
 	case dLight_FireFlicker:
-		new DFireFlicker(sector);
+		Create<DFireFlicker>(sector);
 		break;
 
 	case dScroll_EastLavaDamage:
-		new DStrobe(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, false);
+		Create<DStrobe>(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, false);
 		break;
 
 	case sLight_Strobe_Hurt:
-		new DStrobe(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, false);
+		Create<DStrobe>(sector, STROBEBRIGHT, FASTDARK, false);
 		break;
 
 	default:
diff --git a/src/p_maputl.cpp b/src/p_maputl.cpp
index 21ed99c619..5e7dfa2187 100644
--- a/src/p_maputl.cpp
+++ b/src/p_maputl.cpp
@@ -938,7 +938,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DBlockLinesIterator, Create)
 	PARAM_PROLOGUE;
 	PARAM_OBJECT_NOT_NULL(origin, AActor);
 	PARAM_FLOAT_DEF(radius);
-	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(new DBlockLinesIterator(origin, radius));
+	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(Create<DBlockLinesIterator>(origin, radius));
 }
 
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DBlockLinesIterator, CreateFromPos)
@@ -950,7 +950,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DBlockLinesIterator, CreateFromPos)
 	PARAM_FLOAT(h);
 	PARAM_FLOAT(radius);
 	PARAM_POINTER_DEF(sec, sector_t);
-	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(new DBlockLinesIterator(x, y, z, h, radius, sec));
+	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(Create<DBlockLinesIterator>(x, y, z, h, radius, sec));
 }
 
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DBlockLinesIterator, Next)
@@ -1277,7 +1277,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DBlockThingsIterator, Create)
 	PARAM_OBJECT_NOT_NULL(origin, AActor);
 	PARAM_FLOAT_DEF(radius);
 	PARAM_BOOL_DEF(ignore);
-	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(new DBlockThingsIterator(origin, radius, ignore));
+	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(Create<DBlockThingsIterator>(origin, radius, ignore));
 }
 
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DBlockThingsIterator, CreateFromPos)
@@ -1289,7 +1289,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DBlockThingsIterator, CreateFromPos)
 	PARAM_FLOAT(h);
 	PARAM_FLOAT(radius);
 	PARAM_BOOL(ignore);
-	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(new DBlockThingsIterator(x, y, z, h, radius, ignore, nullptr));
+	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(Create<DBlockThingsIterator>(x, y, z, h, radius, ignore, nullptr));
 }
 
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DBlockThingsIterator, Next)
diff --git a/src/p_mobj.cpp b/src/p_mobj.cpp
index 4df7bdd7bb..c0098490ad 100644
--- a/src/p_mobj.cpp
+++ b/src/p_mobj.cpp
@@ -1380,6 +1380,54 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(AActor, ObtainInventory)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// FUNC P_GetRealMaxHealth
+//
+// Taken out of P_GiveBody so that the bot code can also use it to decide
+// whether to pick up an item or not.
+//
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+int P_GetRealMaxHealth(APlayerPawn *actor, int max)
+{
+	// Max is 0 by default, preserving default behavior for P_GiveBody()
+	// calls while supporting health pickups.
+	auto player = actor->player;
+	if (max <= 0)
+	{
+		max = actor->GetMaxHealth(true);
+		// [MH] First step in predictable generic morph effects
+		if (player->morphTics)
+		{
+			if (player->MorphStyle & MORPH_FULLHEALTH)
+			{
+				if (!(player->MorphStyle & MORPH_ADDSTAMINA))
+				{
+					max -= actor->stamina + actor->BonusHealth;
+				}
+			}
+			else // old health behaviour
+			{
+				max = MAXMORPHHEALTH;
+				if (player->MorphStyle & MORPH_ADDSTAMINA)
+				{
+					max += actor->stamina + actor->BonusHealth;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		// Bonus health should be added on top of the item's limit.
+		if (player->morphTics == 0 || (player->MorphStyle & MORPH_ADDSTAMINA))
+		{
+			max += actor->BonusHealth;
+		}
+	}
+	return max;
+}
+
 //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
 // FUNC P_GiveBody
@@ -1400,33 +1448,8 @@ bool P_GiveBody(AActor *actor, int num, int max)
 	num = clamp(num, -65536, 65536);	// prevent overflows for bad values
 	if (player != NULL)
 	{
-		// Max is 0 by default, preserving default behavior for P_GiveBody()
-		// calls while supporting health pickups.
-		if (max <= 0)
-		{
-			max = static_cast<APlayerPawn*>(actor)->GetMaxHealth(true);
-			// [MH] First step in predictable generic morph effects
-			if (player->morphTics)
-			{
-				if (player->MorphStyle & MORPH_FULLHEALTH)
-				{
-					if (!(player->MorphStyle & MORPH_ADDSTAMINA))
-					{
-						max -= player->mo->stamina + player->mo->BonusHealth;
-					}
-				}
-				else // old health behaviour
-				{
-					max = MAXMORPHHEALTH;
-					if (player->MorphStyle & MORPH_ADDSTAMINA)
-					{
-						max += player->mo->stamina + player->mo->BonusHealth;
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		// [RH] For Strife: A negative body sets you up with a percentage
-		// of your full health.
+		max = P_GetRealMaxHealth(player->mo, max);	// do not pass voodoo dolls in here.
+		// [RH] For Strife: A negative value sets you up with a percentage of your full health.
 		if (num < 0)
 		{
 			num = max * -num / 100;
@@ -7952,7 +7975,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DActorIterator, Create)
 	PARAM_PROLOGUE;
 	PARAM_INT(tid);
 	PARAM_CLASS_DEF(type, AActor);
-	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(new DActorIterator(type, tid));
+	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(Create<DActorIterator>(type, tid));
 }
 
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DActorIterator, Next)
diff --git a/src/p_pillar.cpp b/src/p_pillar.cpp
index 77316ad2c5..0f383b43f7 100644
--- a/src/p_pillar.cpp
+++ b/src/p_pillar.cpp
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ bool EV_DoPillar (DPillar::EPillar type, line_t *line, int tag,
 			continue;
 
 		rtn = true;
-		new DPillar (sec, type, speed, height, height2, crush, hexencrush);
+		Create<DPillar> (sec, type, speed, height, height2, crush, hexencrush);
 	}
 	return rtn;
 }
diff --git a/src/p_plats.cpp b/src/p_plats.cpp
index 8dd82c024a..320597ddcc 100644
--- a/src/p_plats.cpp
+++ b/src/p_plats.cpp
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ bool EV_DoPlat (int tag, line_t *line, DPlat::EPlatType type, double height,
 
 		// Find lowest & highest floors around sector
 		rtn = true;
-		plat = new DPlat (sec);
+		plat = Create<DPlat> (sec);
 
 		plat->m_Type = type;
 		plat->m_Crush = -1;
diff --git a/src/p_pspr.cpp b/src/p_pspr.cpp
index 45c4d36d73..cb89305d87 100644
--- a/src/p_pspr.cpp
+++ b/src/p_pspr.cpp
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ DPSprite *player_t::GetPSprite(PSPLayers layer)
 	DPSprite *pspr = FindPSprite(layer);
 	if (pspr == nullptr)
 	{
-		pspr = new DPSprite(this, newcaller, layer);
+		pspr = Create<DPSprite>(this, newcaller, layer);
 	}
 	else
 	{
@@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(AActor, A_Overlay)
 	}
 
 	DPSprite *pspr;
-	pspr = new DPSprite(player, stateowner, layer);
+	pspr = Create<DPSprite>(player, stateowner, layer);
 	pspr->SetState(state);
 	ACTION_RETURN_BOOL(true);
 }
diff --git a/src/p_pusher.cpp b/src/p_pusher.cpp
index 0b08b4f65b..c4b38c582b 100644
--- a/src/p_pusher.cpp
+++ b/src/p_pusher.cpp
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ void P_SpawnPushers ()
 		{
 			FSectorTagIterator itr(l->args[0]);
 			while ((s = itr.Next()) >= 0)
-				new DPusher(DPusher::p_wind, l->args[3] ? l : NULL, l->args[1], l->args[2], NULL, s);
+				Create<DPusher>(DPusher::p_wind, l->args[3] ? l : nullptr, l->args[1], l->args[2], nullptr, s);
 			l->special = 0;
 			break;
 		}
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ void P_SpawnPushers ()
 		{
 			FSectorTagIterator itr(l->args[0]);
 			while ((s = itr.Next()) >= 0)
-				new DPusher(DPusher::p_current, l->args[3] ? l : NULL, l->args[1], l->args[2], NULL, s);
+				Create<DPusher>(DPusher::p_current, l->args[3] ? l : nullptr, l->args[1], l->args[2], nullptr, s);
 			l->special = 0;
 			break;
 		}
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ void P_SpawnPushers ()
 					if (thing) {	// No MT_P* means no effect
 						// [RH] Allow narrowing it down by tid
 						if (!l->args[1] || l->args[1] == thing->tid)
-							new DPusher (DPusher::p_push, l->args[3] ? l : NULL, l->args[2],
+							Create<DPusher> (DPusher::p_push, l->args[3] ? l : NULL, l->args[2],
 										 0, thing, s);
 					}
 				}
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ void P_SpawnPushers ()
 					if (thing->GetClass()->TypeName == NAME_PointPusher ||
 						thing->GetClass()->TypeName == NAME_PointPuller)
 					{
-						new DPusher (DPusher::p_push, l->args[3] ? l : NULL, l->args[2], 0, thing, thing->Sector->Index());
+						Create<DPusher> (DPusher::p_push, l->args[3] ? l : NULL, l->args[2], 0, thing, thing->Sector->Index());
 					}
 				}
 			}
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ void AdjustPusher (int tag, int magnitude, int angle, bool wind)
 		}
 		if (i == numcollected)
 		{
-			new DPusher (type, NULL, magnitude, angle, NULL, secnum);
+			Create<DPusher> (type, nullptr, magnitude, angle, nullptr, secnum);
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/p_saveg.cpp b/src/p_saveg.cpp
index b20e9af099..6c8d29973f 100644
--- a/src/p_saveg.cpp
+++ b/src/p_saveg.cpp
@@ -996,7 +996,7 @@ void G_SerializeLevel(FSerializer &arc, bool hubload)
 
 	// [ZZ] serialize events
 	E_SerializeEvents(arc);
-	DThinker::SerializeThinkers(arc, !hubload);
+	DThinker::SerializeThinkers(arc, hubload);
 	arc.Array("polyobjs", polyobjs, po_NumPolyobjs);
 	SerializeSubsectors(arc, "subsectors");
 	StatusBar->SerializeMessages(arc);
diff --git a/src/p_scroll.cpp b/src/p_scroll.cpp
index d74c6273f2..59b18f1cee 100644
--- a/src/p_scroll.cpp
+++ b/src/p_scroll.cpp
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ void P_SpawnScrollers(void)
 			FSectorTagIterator itr(l->args[0]);
 			while ((s = itr.Next()) >= 0)
 			{
-				new DScroller(EScroll::sc_ceiling, -dx, dy, control, s, accel);
+				Create<DScroller>(EScroll::sc_ceiling, -dx, dy, control, s, accel);
 			}
 			for (unsigned j = 0; j < copyscrollers.Size(); j++)
 			{
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ void P_SpawnScrollers(void)
 
 				if (line->args[0] == l->args[0] && (line->args[1] & 1))
 				{
-					new DScroller(EScroll::sc_ceiling, -dx, dy, control, line->frontsector->Index(), accel);
+					Create<DScroller>(EScroll::sc_ceiling, -dx, dy, control, line->frontsector->Index(), accel);
 				}
 			}
 			break;
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ void P_SpawnScrollers(void)
 				FSectorTagIterator itr(l->args[0]);
 				while ((s = itr.Next()) >= 0)
 				{
-					new DScroller (EScroll::sc_floor, -dx, dy, control, s, accel);
+					Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_floor, -dx, dy, control, s, accel);
 				}
 				for(unsigned j = 0;j < copyscrollers.Size(); j++)
 				{
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ void P_SpawnScrollers(void)
 
 					if (line->args[0] == l->args[0] && (line->args[1] & 2))
 					{
-						new DScroller(EScroll::sc_floor, -dx, dy, control, line->frontsector->Index(), accel);
+						Create<DScroller>(EScroll::sc_floor, -dx, dy, control, line->frontsector->Index(), accel);
 					}
 				}
 			}
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ void P_SpawnScrollers(void)
 				FSectorTagIterator itr(l->args[0]);
 				while ((s = itr.Next()) >= 0)
 				{
-					new DScroller (EScroll::sc_carry, dx, dy, control, s, accel);
+					Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_carry, dx, dy, control, s, accel);
 				}
 				for(unsigned j = 0;j < copyscrollers.Size(); j++)
 				{
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ void P_SpawnScrollers(void)
 
 					if (line->args[0] == l->args[0] && (line->args[1] & 4))
 					{
-						new DScroller (EScroll::sc_carry, dx, dy, control, line->frontsector->Index(), accel);
+						Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_carry, dx, dy, control, line->frontsector->Index(), accel);
 					}
 				}
 			}
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ void P_SpawnScrollers(void)
 			while ((s = itr.Next()) >= 0)
 			{
 				if (s != (int)i)
-					new DScroller(dx, dy, &level.lines[s], control, accel);
+					Create<DScroller>(dx, dy, &level.lines[s], control, accel);
 			}
 			break;
 		}
@@ -538,35 +538,35 @@ void P_SpawnScrollers(void)
 		case Scroll_Texture_Offsets:
 			// killough 3/2/98: scroll according to sidedef offsets
 			s = level.lines[i].sidedef[0]->Index();
-			new DScroller (EScroll::sc_side, -level.sides[s].GetTextureXOffset(side_t::mid),
+			Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_side, -level.sides[s].GetTextureXOffset(side_t::mid),
 				level.sides[s].GetTextureYOffset(side_t::mid), -1, s, accel, SCROLLTYPE(l->args[0]));
 			break;
 
 		case Scroll_Texture_Left:
 			l->special = special;	// Restore the special, for compat_useblocking's benefit.
 			s = level.lines[i].sidedef[0]->Index();
-			new DScroller (EScroll::sc_side, l->args[0] / 64., 0,
+			Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_side, l->args[0] / 64., 0,
 						   -1, s, accel, SCROLLTYPE(l->args[1]));
 			break;
 
 		case Scroll_Texture_Right:
 			l->special = special;
 			s = level.lines[i].sidedef[0]->Index();
-			new DScroller (EScroll::sc_side, -l->args[0] / 64., 0,
+			Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_side, -l->args[0] / 64., 0,
 						   -1, s, accel, SCROLLTYPE(l->args[1]));
 			break;
 
 		case Scroll_Texture_Up:
 			l->special = special;
 			s = level.lines[i].sidedef[0]->Index();
-			new DScroller (EScroll::sc_side, 0, l->args[0] / 64.,
+			Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_side, 0, l->args[0] / 64.,
 						   -1, s, accel, SCROLLTYPE(l->args[1]));
 			break;
 
 		case Scroll_Texture_Down:
 			l->special = special;
 			s = level.lines[i].sidedef[0]->Index();
-			new DScroller (EScroll::sc_side, 0, -l->args[0] / 64.,
+			Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_side, 0, -l->args[0] / 64.,
 						   -1, s, accel, SCROLLTYPE(l->args[1]));
 			break;
 
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ void P_SpawnScrollers(void)
 			if (l->args[0] == 0) {
 				dx = (l->args[1] - l->args[2]) / 64.;
 				dy = (l->args[4] - l->args[3]) / 64.;
-				new DScroller (EScroll::sc_side, dx, dy, -1, s, accel);
+				Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_side, dx, dy, -1, s, accel);
 			}
 			break;
 
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ void SetWallScroller (int id, int sidechoice, double dx, double dy, EScrollPos W
 				}
 				if (i == numcollected)
 				{
-					new DScroller (EScroll::sc_side, dx, dy, -1, sidenum, 0, Where);
+					Create<DScroller> (EScroll::sc_side, dx, dy, -1, sidenum, 0, Where);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -696,11 +696,11 @@ void SetScroller (int tag, EScroll type, double dx, double dy)
 	FSectorTagIterator itr(tag);
 	while ((i = itr.Next()) >= 0)
 	{
-		new DScroller (type, dx, dy, -1, i, 0);
+		Create<DScroller> (type, dx, dy, -1, i, 0);
 	}
 }
 
 void P_CreateScroller(EScroll type, double dx, double dy, int control, int affectee, int accel, EScrollPos scrollpos)
 {
-	new DScroller(type, dx, dy, control, affectee, accel, scrollpos);
+	Create<DScroller>(type, dx, dy, control, affectee, accel, scrollpos);
 }
diff --git a/src/p_spec.cpp b/src/p_spec.cpp
index 43c094e25f..7c128eb1d2 100644
--- a/src/p_spec.cpp
+++ b/src/p_spec.cpp
@@ -1133,7 +1133,7 @@ void P_InitSectorSpecial(sector_t *sector, int special)
 		break;
 
 	case dSector_DoorCloseIn30:
-		new DDoor(sector, DDoor::doorWaitClose, 2, 0, 0, 30 * TICRATE);
+		Create<DDoor>(sector, DDoor::doorWaitClose, 2, 0, 0, 30 * TICRATE);
 		break;
 			
 	case dDamage_End:
@@ -1141,7 +1141,7 @@ void P_InitSectorSpecial(sector_t *sector, int special)
 		break;
 
 	case dSector_DoorRaiseIn5Mins:
-		new DDoor (sector, DDoor::doorWaitRaise, 2, TICRATE*30/7, 0, 5*60*TICRATE);
+		Create<DDoor> (sector, DDoor::doorWaitRaise, 2, TICRATE*30/7, 0, 5*60*TICRATE);
 		break;
 
 	case dFriction_Low:
@@ -1322,19 +1322,19 @@ void P_SpawnSpecials (void)
 		// killough 3/16/98: Add support for setting
 		// floor lighting independently (e.g. lava)
 		case Transfer_FloorLight:
-			new DLightTransfer (line.frontsector, line.args[0], true);
+			Create<DLightTransfer> (line.frontsector, line.args[0], true);
 			break;
 
 		// killough 4/11/98: Add support for setting
 		// ceiling lighting independently
 		case Transfer_CeilingLight:
-			new DLightTransfer (line.frontsector, line.args[0], false);
+			Create<DLightTransfer> (line.frontsector, line.args[0], false);
 			break;
 
 		// [Graf Zahl] Add support for setting lighting
 		// per wall independently
 		case Transfer_WallLight:
-			new DWallLightTransfer (line.frontsector, line.args[0], line.args[1]);
+			Create<DWallLightTransfer> (line.frontsector, line.args[0], line.args[1]);
 			break;
 
 		case Sector_Attach3dMidtex:
diff --git a/src/p_spec.h b/src/p_spec.h
index 48535d0b03..5c8130a532 100644
--- a/src/p_spec.h
+++ b/src/p_spec.h
@@ -190,9 +190,9 @@ public:
 	void Tick ();
 
 	bool IsLift() const { return m_Type == platDownWaitUpStay || m_Type == platDownWaitUpStayStone; }
+	DPlat(sector_t *sector);
 
 protected:
-	DPlat (sector_t *sector);
 
 	double	 	m_Speed;
 	double	 	m_Low;
diff --git a/src/p_switch.cpp b/src/p_switch.cpp
index d23e30ea22..3563f96b80 100644
--- a/src/p_switch.cpp
+++ b/src/p_switch.cpp
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ static bool P_StartButton (side_t *side, int Where, FSwitchDef *Switch, const DV
 		}
 	}
 
-	new DActiveButton (side, Where, Switch, pos, useagain);
+	Create<DActiveButton> (side, Where, Switch, pos, useagain);
 	return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/p_tags.cpp b/src/p_tags.cpp
index 6fe06ed0fc..74bcafbd78 100644
--- a/src/p_tags.cpp
+++ b/src/p_tags.cpp
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DSectorTagIterator, Create)
 	PARAM_PROLOGUE;
 	PARAM_INT(tag);
 	PARAM_POINTER_DEF(line, line_t);
-	ACTION_RETURN_POINTER(new DSectorTagIterator(tag, line));
+	ACTION_RETURN_POINTER(Create<DSectorTagIterator>(tag, line));
 }
 
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DSectorTagIterator, Next)
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DLineIdIterator, Create)
 {
 	PARAM_PROLOGUE;
 	PARAM_INT(tag);
-	ACTION_RETURN_POINTER(new DLineIdIterator(tag));
+	ACTION_RETURN_POINTER(Create<DLineIdIterator>(tag));
 }
 
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DLineIdIterator, Next)
diff --git a/src/po_man.cpp b/src/po_man.cpp
index 0a8948b232..09c42211cf 100644
--- a/src/po_man.cpp
+++ b/src/po_man.cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "p_blockmap.h"
 #include "g_levellocals.h"
 #include "actorinlines.h"
+#include "v_text.h"
 
 // MACROS ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -390,7 +391,7 @@ bool EV_RotatePoly (line_t *line, int polyNum, int speed, int byteAngle,
 			// cannot do rotations on linked polyportals.
 			break;
 		}
-		pe = new DRotatePoly(poly->tag);
+		pe = Create<DRotatePoly>(poly->tag);
 		poly->specialdata = pe;
 		poly->bBlocked = false;
 		if (byteAngle != 0)
@@ -472,7 +473,7 @@ bool EV_MovePoly (line_t *line, int polyNum, double speed, DAngle angle,
 		{ // poly is already in motion
 			break;
 		}
-		pe = new DMovePoly(poly->tag);
+		pe = Create<DMovePoly>(poly->tag);
 		poly->specialdata = pe;
 		poly->bBlocked = false;
 		pe->m_Dist = dist; // Distance
@@ -554,7 +555,7 @@ bool EV_MovePolyTo(line_t *line, int polyNum, double speed, const DVector2 &targ
 		{ // poly is already in motion
 			break;
 		}
-		pe = new DMovePolyTo(poly->tag);
+		pe = Create<DMovePolyTo>(poly->tag);
 		poly->specialdata = pe;
 		poly->bBlocked = false;
 		pe->m_Dist = distlen;
@@ -709,7 +710,7 @@ bool EV_OpenPolyDoor(line_t *line, int polyNum, double speed, DAngle angle, int
 			break;
 		}
 
-		pd = new DPolyDoor(poly->tag, type);
+		pd = Create<DPolyDoor>(poly->tag, type);
 		poly->specialdata = pd;
 		if (type == PODOOR_SLIDE)
 		{
@@ -1536,19 +1537,23 @@ static void SpawnPolyobj (int index, int tag, int type)
 		{
 			if (po->Sidedefs.Size() > 0)
 			{
-				I_Error ("SpawnPolyobj: Polyobj %d already spawned.\n", tag);
+				Printf (TEXTCOLOR_RED "SpawnPolyobj: Polyobj %d already spawned.\n", tag);
+				return;
 			}
-			sd->linedef->special = 0;
-			sd->linedef->args[0] = 0;
-			IterFindPolySides(&polyobjs[index], sd);
-			po->MirrorNum = sd->linedef->args[1];
-			po->crush = (type != SMT_PolySpawn) ? 3 : 0;
-			po->bHurtOnTouch = (type == SMT_PolySpawnHurt);
-			po->tag = tag;
-			po->seqType = sd->linedef->args[2];
-			if (po->seqType < 0 || po->seqType > 63)
+			else
 			{
-				po->seqType = 0;
+				sd->linedef->special = 0;
+				sd->linedef->args[0] = 0;
+				IterFindPolySides(&polyobjs[index], sd);
+				po->MirrorNum = sd->linedef->args[1];
+				po->crush = (type != SMT_PolySpawn) ? 3 : 0;
+				po->bHurtOnTouch = (type == SMT_PolySpawnHurt);
+				po->tag = tag;
+				po->seqType = sd->linedef->args[2];
+				if (po->seqType < 0 || po->seqType > 63)
+				{
+					po->seqType = 0;
+				}
 			}
 			break;
 		}
@@ -1570,9 +1575,13 @@ static void SpawnPolyobj (int index, int tag, int type)
 			{
 				if (!level.sides[i].linedef->args[1])
 				{
-					I_Error("SpawnPolyobj: Explicit line missing order number in poly %d, linedef %d.\n", tag, level.sides[i].linedef->Index());
+					Printf(TEXTCOLOR_RED "SpawnPolyobj: Explicit line missing order number in poly %d, linedef %d.\n", tag, level.sides[i].linedef->Index());
+					return;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					po->Sidedefs.Push(&level.sides[i]);
 				}
-				po->Sidedefs.Push (&level.sides[i]);
 			}
 		}
 		qsort(&po->Sidedefs[0], po->Sidedefs.Size(), sizeof(po->Sidedefs[0]), posicmp);
@@ -1585,7 +1594,10 @@ static void SpawnPolyobj (int index, int tag, int type)
 			po->MirrorNum = po->Sidedefs[0]->linedef->args[2];
 		}
 		else
-			I_Error ("SpawnPolyobj: Poly %d does not exist\n", tag);
+		{
+			Printf(TEXTCOLOR_RED "SpawnPolyobj: Poly %d does not exist\n", tag);
+			return;
+		}
 	}
 
 	validcount++;	
@@ -1648,11 +1660,13 @@ static void TranslateToStartSpot (int tag, const DVector2 &origin)
 	}
 	if (po == NULL)
 	{ // didn't match the tag with a polyobj tag
-		I_Error("TranslateToStartSpot: Unable to match polyobj tag: %d\n", tag);
+		Printf(TEXTCOLOR_RED "TranslateToStartSpot: Unable to match polyobj tag: %d\n", tag);
+		return;
 	}
 	if (po->Sidedefs.Size() == 0)
 	{
-		I_Error ("TranslateToStartSpot: Anchor point located without a StartSpot point: %d\n", tag);
+		Printf(TEXTCOLOR_RED "TranslateToStartSpot: Anchor point located without a StartSpot point: %d\n", tag);
+		return;
 	}
 	po->OriginalPts.Resize(po->Sidedefs.Size());
 	po->PrevPts.Resize(po->Sidedefs.Size());
@@ -1738,8 +1752,7 @@ void PO_Init (void)
 	{
 		if (polyobjs[polyIndex].OriginalPts.Size() == 0)
 		{
-			I_Error ("PO_Init: StartSpot located without an Anchor point: %d\n",
-				polyobjs[polyIndex].tag);
+			Printf (TEXTCOLOR_RED "PO_Init: StartSpot located without an Anchor point: %d\n", polyobjs[polyIndex].tag);
 		}
 	}
 	InitBlockMap();
diff --git a/src/posix/cocoa/i_main.mm b/src/posix/cocoa/i_main.mm
index 0d426caaa0..d8fef49324 100644
--- a/src/posix/cocoa/i_main.mm
+++ b/src/posix/cocoa/i_main.mm
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ static void I_DetectOS()
 }
 
 
-DArgs* Args; // command line arguments
+FArgs* Args; // command line arguments
 
 
 // Newer versions of GCC than 4.2 have a bug with C++ exceptions in Objective-C++ code.
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ DArgs* Args; // command line arguments
 void OriginalMainExcept(int argc, char** argv);
 void OriginalMainTry(int argc, char** argv)
 {
-	Args = new DArgs(argc, argv);
+	Args = new FArgs(argc, argv);
 
 	/*
 	 killough 1/98:
diff --git a/src/posix/cocoa/i_video.mm b/src/posix/cocoa/i_video.mm
index 298aee3a30..afeddf10dd 100644
--- a/src/posix/cocoa/i_video.mm
+++ b/src/posix/cocoa/i_video.mm
@@ -888,7 +888,10 @@ CocoaFrameBuffer::CocoaFrameBuffer(int width, int height, bool bgra, bool fullsc
 
 	if (!isOpenGLInitialized)
 	{
-		ogl_LoadFunctions();
+		if (ogl_LoadFunctions() == ogl_LOAD_FAILED)
+		{
+			I_FatalError("Failed to load OpenGL functions.");
+		}
 		isOpenGLInitialized = true;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/posix/sdl/i_main.cpp b/src/posix/sdl/i_main.cpp
index 7fe5aeb083..21f58e71e9 100644
--- a/src/posix/sdl/i_main.cpp
+++ b/src/posix/sdl/i_main.cpp
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ void Mac_I_FatalError(const char* errortext);
 // PUBLIC DATA DEFINITIONS -------------------------------------------------
 
 // The command line arguments.
-DArgs *Args;
+FArgs *Args;
 
 // PRIVATE DATA DEFINITIONS ------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ int main (int argc, char **argv)
 	
     try
     {
-		Args = new DArgs(argc, argv);
+		Args = new FArgs(argc, argv);
 
 		/*
 		  killough 1/98:
diff --git a/src/r_data/r_interpolate.cpp b/src/r_data/r_interpolate.cpp
index 2c7197a441..8f8fc3f800 100644
--- a/src/r_data/r_interpolate.cpp
+++ b/src/r_data/r_interpolate.cpp
@@ -907,7 +907,7 @@ DInterpolation *side_t::SetInterpolation(int position)
 {
 	if (textures[position].interpolation == NULL)
 	{
-		textures[position].interpolation = new DWallScrollInterpolation(this, position);
+		textures[position].interpolation = Create<DWallScrollInterpolation>(this, position);
 	}
 	textures[position].interpolation->AddRef();
 	GC::WriteBarrier(textures[position].interpolation);
@@ -942,19 +942,19 @@ DInterpolation *sector_t::SetInterpolation(int position, bool attach)
 		switch (position)
 		{
 		case sector_t::CeilingMove:
-			interp = new DSectorPlaneInterpolation(this, true, attach);
+			interp = Create<DSectorPlaneInterpolation>(this, true, attach);
 			break;
 
 		case sector_t::FloorMove:
-			interp = new DSectorPlaneInterpolation(this, false, attach);
+			interp = Create<DSectorPlaneInterpolation>(this, false, attach);
 			break;
 
 		case sector_t::CeilingScroll:
-			interp = new DSectorScrollInterpolation(this, true);
+			interp = Create<DSectorScrollInterpolation>(this, true);
 			break;
 
 		case sector_t::FloorScroll:
-			interp = new DSectorScrollInterpolation(this, false);
+			interp = Create<DSectorScrollInterpolation>(this, false);
 			break;
 
 		default:
@@ -981,7 +981,7 @@ DInterpolation *FPolyObj::SetInterpolation()
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		interpolation = new DPolyobjInterpolation(this);
+		interpolation = Create<DPolyobjInterpolation>(this);
 		interpolation->AddRef();
 	}
 	GC::WriteBarrier(interpolation);
diff --git a/src/r_data/r_translate.cpp b/src/r_data/r_translate.cpp
index 3c61ec4ac7..b069aa9f36 100644
--- a/src/r_data/r_translate.cpp
+++ b/src/r_data/r_translate.cpp
@@ -1356,6 +1356,13 @@ int R_FindCustomTranslation(FName name)
 	return (t != nullptr)? *t : -1;
 }
 
+DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(_Translation, GetID)
+{
+	PARAM_PROLOGUE;
+	PARAM_NAME(t);
+	ACTION_RETURN_INT(R_FindCustomTranslation(t));
+}
+
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
 //
diff --git a/src/s_sndseq.cpp b/src/s_sndseq.cpp
index 8d4652d2bc..589dcc0530 100644
--- a/src/s_sndseq.cpp
+++ b/src/s_sndseq.cpp
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ DSeqNode *SN_StartSequence (AActor *actor, int sequence, seqtype_t type, int mod
 	}
 	if (TwiddleSeqNum (sequence, type))
 	{
-		return new DSeqActorNode (actor, sequence, modenum);
+		return Create<DSeqActorNode> (actor, sequence, modenum);
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ DSeqNode *SN_StartSequence (sector_t *sector, int chan, int sequence, seqtype_t
 	}
 	if (TwiddleSeqNum (sequence, type))
 	{
-		return new DSeqSectorNode (sector, chan, sequence, modenum);
+		return Create<DSeqSectorNode>(sector, chan, sequence, modenum);
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -928,7 +928,7 @@ DSeqNode *SN_StartSequence (FPolyObj *poly, int sequence, seqtype_t type, int mo
 	}
 	if (TwiddleSeqNum (sequence, type))
 	{
-		return new DSeqPolyNode (poly, sequence, modenum);
+		return Create<DSeqPolyNode>(poly, sequence, modenum);
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
diff --git a/src/scripting/backend/codegen.cpp b/src/scripting/backend/codegen.cpp
index 5b7fcddc9d..737bb3c310 100644
--- a/src/scripting/backend/codegen.cpp
+++ b/src/scripting/backend/codegen.cpp
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ static PSymbol *FindBuiltinFunction(FName funcname, VMNativeFunction::NativeCall
 	PSymbol *sym = Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.FindSymbol(funcname, false);
 	if (sym == nullptr)
 	{
-		PSymbolVMFunction *symfunc = new PSymbolVMFunction(funcname);
+		PSymbolVMFunction *symfunc = Create<PSymbolVMFunction>(funcname);
 		VMNativeFunction *calldec = new VMNativeFunction(func, funcname);
 		calldec->PrintableName = funcname.GetChars();
 		symfunc->Function = calldec;
@@ -6809,7 +6809,7 @@ ExpEmit FxCVar::Emit(VMFunctionBuilder *build)
 //==========================================================================
 
 FxStackVariable::FxStackVariable(PType *type, int offset, const FScriptPosition &pos)
-	: FxMemberBase(EFX_StackVariable, new PField(NAME_None, type, 0, offset), pos)
+	: FxMemberBase(EFX_StackVariable, Create<PField>(NAME_None, type, 0, offset), pos)
 {
 }
 
@@ -7030,13 +7030,13 @@ FxExpression *FxStructMember::Resolve(FCompileContext &ctx)
 	}
 	else if (classx->ValueType->isStruct())
 	{
-		// if this is a struct within a class or another struct we can simplify the expression by creating a new PField with a cumulative offset.
+		// if this is a struct within a class or another struct we can simplify the expression by creating a Create<PField> with a cumulative offset.
 		if (classx->ExprType == EFX_ClassMember || classx->ExprType == EFX_StructMember || classx->ExprType == EFX_GlobalVariable || classx->ExprType == EFX_StackVariable)
 		{
 			auto parentfield = static_cast<FxMemberBase *>(classx)->membervar;
 			// PFields are garbage collected so this will be automatically taken care of later.
 			// [ZZ] call ChangeSideInFlags to ensure that we don't get ui+play
-			auto newfield = new PField(NAME_None, membervar->Type, FScopeBarrier::ChangeSideInFlags(membervar->Flags | parentfield->Flags, BarrierSide), membervar->Offset + parentfield->Offset);
+			auto newfield = Create<PField>(NAME_None, membervar->Type, FScopeBarrier::ChangeSideInFlags(membervar->Flags | parentfield->Flags, BarrierSide), membervar->Offset + parentfield->Offset);
 			newfield->BitValue = membervar->BitValue;
 			static_cast<FxMemberBase *>(classx)->membervar = newfield;
 			classx->isresolved = false;	// re-resolve the parent so it can also check if it can be optimized away.
@@ -7259,7 +7259,7 @@ FxExpression *FxArrayElement::Resolve(FCompileContext &ctx)
 
 	if (Array->isStaticArray())
 	{
-		// if this is an array within a class or another struct we can simplify the expression by creating a new PField with a cumulative offset.
+		// if this is an array within a class or another struct we can simplify the expression by creating a Create<PField> with a cumulative offset.
 		if (Array->ExprType == EFX_ClassMember || Array->ExprType == EFX_StructMember || Array->ExprType == EFX_GlobalVariable || Array->ExprType == EFX_StackVariable)
 		{
 			auto parentfield = static_cast<FxMemberBase *>(Array)->membervar;
@@ -7283,12 +7283,12 @@ FxExpression *FxArrayElement::Resolve(FCompileContext &ctx)
 			return nullptr;
 		}
 
-		// if this is an array within a class or another struct we can simplify the expression by creating a new PField with a cumulative offset.
+		// if this is an array within a class or another struct we can simplify the expression by creating a Create<PField> with a cumulative offset.
 		if (Array->ExprType == EFX_ClassMember || Array->ExprType == EFX_StructMember || Array->ExprType == EFX_GlobalVariable || Array->ExprType == EFX_StackVariable)
 		{
 			auto parentfield = static_cast<FxMemberBase *>(Array)->membervar;
 			// PFields are garbage collected so this will be automatically taken care of later.
-			auto newfield = new PField(NAME_None, elementtype, parentfield->Flags, indexval * arraytype->ElementSize + parentfield->Offset);
+			auto newfield = Create<PField>(NAME_None, elementtype, parentfield->Flags, indexval * arraytype->ElementSize + parentfield->Offset);
 			static_cast<FxMemberBase *>(Array)->membervar = newfield;
 			Array->isresolved = false;	// re-resolve the parent so it can also check if it can be optimized away.
 			auto x = Array->Resolve(ctx);
@@ -7337,7 +7337,7 @@ ExpEmit FxArrayElement::Emit(VMFunctionBuilder *build)
 		start = ExpEmit(build, REGT_POINTER);
 		build->Emit(OP_LP, start.RegNum, arrayvar.RegNum, build->GetConstantInt(0));
 
-		auto f = new PField(NAME_None, TypeUInt32, ismeta? VARF_Meta : 0, SizeAddr);
+		auto f = Create<PField>(NAME_None, TypeUInt32, ismeta? VARF_Meta : 0, SizeAddr);
 		static_cast<FxMemberBase *>(Array)->membervar = f;
 		static_cast<FxMemberBase *>(Array)->AddressRequested = false;
 		Array->ValueType = TypeUInt32;
@@ -7775,6 +7775,13 @@ FxExpression *FxFunctionCall::Resolve(FCompileContext& ctx)
 		}
 		break;
 
+	case NAME_GetClassName:
+		if (CheckArgSize(NAME_GetClassName, ArgList, 0, 0, ScriptPosition))
+		{
+			func = new FxGetClassName(new FxSelf(ScriptPosition));
+		}
+		break;
+
 	case NAME_GetDefaultByType:
 		if (CheckArgSize(NAME_GetDefaultByType, ArgList, 1, 1, ScriptPosition))
 		{
@@ -8149,7 +8156,7 @@ FxExpression *FxMemberFunctionCall::Resolve(FCompileContext& ctx)
 					if (Self->ExprType == EFX_StructMember || Self->ExprType == EFX_ClassMember || Self->ExprType == EFX_StackVariable)
 					{
 						auto member = static_cast<FxMemberBase*>(Self);
-						auto newfield = new PField(NAME_None, backingtype, 0, member->membervar->Offset);
+						auto newfield = Create<PField>(NAME_None, backingtype, 0, member->membervar->Offset);
 						member->membervar = newfield;
 					}
 				}
@@ -8193,7 +8200,7 @@ FxExpression *FxMemberFunctionCall::Resolve(FCompileContext& ctx)
 				if (Self->ExprType == EFX_StructMember || Self->ExprType == EFX_ClassMember || Self->ExprType == EFX_GlobalVariable)
 				{
 					auto member = static_cast<FxMemberBase*>(Self);
-					auto newfield = new PField(NAME_None, TypeUInt32, VARF_ReadOnly, member->membervar->Offset + sizeof(void*));	// the size is stored right behind the pointer.
+					auto newfield = Create<PField>(NAME_None, TypeUInt32, VARF_ReadOnly, member->membervar->Offset + sizeof(void*));	// the size is stored right behind the pointer.
 					member->membervar = newfield;
 					Self = nullptr;
 					delete this;
@@ -8215,14 +8222,20 @@ FxExpression *FxMemberFunctionCall::Resolve(FCompileContext& ctx)
 	if (MethodName == NAME_GetParentClass &&
 		(Self->IsObject() || Self->ValueType->isClassPointer()))
 	{
-		if (ArgList.Size() > 0)
+		if (CheckArgSize(NAME_GetParentClass, ArgList, 0, 0, ScriptPosition))
 		{
-			ScriptPosition.Message(MSG_ERROR, "too many parameters in call to %s", MethodName.GetChars());
-			delete this;
-			return nullptr;
+			auto x = new FxGetParentClass(Self);
+			return x->Resolve(ctx);
+		}
+	}
+	if (MethodName == NAME_GetClassName &&
+		(Self->IsObject() || Self->ValueType->isClassPointer()))
+	{
+		if (CheckArgSize(NAME_GetClassName, ArgList, 0, 0, ScriptPosition))
+		{
+			auto x = new FxGetClassName(Self);
+			return x->Resolve(ctx);
 		}
-		auto x = new FxGetParentClass(Self);
-		return x->Resolve(ctx);
 	}
 
 	if (Self->ValueType->isRealPointer())
@@ -9336,11 +9349,11 @@ FxExpression *FxGetParentClass::Resolve(FCompileContext &ctx)
 
 	if (!Self->ValueType->isClassPointer() && !Self->IsObject())
 	{
-		ScriptPosition.Message(MSG_ERROR, "GetClass() requires an object");
+		ScriptPosition.Message(MSG_ERROR, "GetParentClass() requires an object");
 		delete this;
 		return nullptr;
 	}
-	ValueType = NewClassPointer(RUNTIME_CLASS(DObject)); // 
+	ValueType = NewClassPointer(RUNTIME_CLASS(DObject));
 	return this;
 }
 
@@ -9365,6 +9378,52 @@ ExpEmit FxGetParentClass::Emit(VMFunctionBuilder *build)
 //
 //==========================================================================
 
+FxGetClassName::FxGetClassName(FxExpression *self)
+	:FxExpression(EFX_GetClassName, self->ScriptPosition)
+{
+	Self = self;
+}
+
+FxGetClassName::~FxGetClassName()
+{
+	SAFE_DELETE(Self);
+}
+
+FxExpression *FxGetClassName::Resolve(FCompileContext &ctx)
+{
+	SAFE_RESOLVE(Self, ctx);
+
+	if (!Self->ValueType->isClassPointer() && !Self->IsObject())
+	{
+		ScriptPosition.Message(MSG_ERROR, "GetClassName() requires an object");
+		delete this;
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	ValueType = TypeName;
+	return this;
+}
+
+ExpEmit FxGetClassName::Emit(VMFunctionBuilder *build)
+{
+	ExpEmit op = Self->Emit(build);
+	op.Free(build);
+	if (Self->IsObject())
+	{
+		ExpEmit to(build, REGT_POINTER);
+		build->Emit(OP_CLSS, to.RegNum, op.RegNum);
+		op = to;
+		op.Free(build);
+	}
+	ExpEmit to(build, REGT_INT);
+	build->Emit(OP_LW, to.RegNum, op.RegNum, build->GetConstantInt(myoffsetof(PClass, TypeName)));
+	return to;
+}
+
+//==========================================================================
+//
+//
+//==========================================================================
+
 FxGetDefaultByType::FxGetDefaultByType(FxExpression *self)
 	:FxExpression(EFX_GetDefaultByType, self->ScriptPosition)
 {
@@ -10680,27 +10739,21 @@ FxExpression *FxClassTypeCast::Resolve(FCompileContext &ctx)
 
 int BuiltinNameToClass(VMValue *param, TArray<VMValue> &defaultparam, int numparam, VMReturn *ret, int numret)
 {
-	assert(numparam == 2);
-	assert(numret == 1);
-	assert(param[0].Type == REGT_INT);
-	assert(param[1].Type == REGT_POINTER);
-	assert(ret->RegType == REGT_POINTER);
+	PARAM_PROLOGUE;
+	PARAM_NAME(clsname);
+	PARAM_CLASS(desttype, DObject);
 
-	FName clsname = ENamedName(param[0].i);
+	PClass *cls = nullptr;
 	if (clsname != NAME_None)
 	{
-		const PClass *cls = PClass::FindClass(clsname);
-		const PClass *desttype = reinterpret_cast<PClass *>(param[1].a);
-
-		if (cls->VMType == nullptr || !cls->IsDescendantOf(desttype))
+		cls = PClass::FindClass(clsname);
+		if (cls != nullptr && (cls->VMType == nullptr || !cls->IsDescendantOf(desttype)))
 		{
-			// Let the caller check this. Making this an error with a message is only taking away options from the user.
+			// does not match required parameters or is invalid.
 			cls = nullptr;
 		}
-		ret->SetPointer(const_cast<PClass *>(cls));
 	}
-	else ret->SetPointer(nullptr);
-	return 1;
+	ACTION_RETURN_POINTER(cls);
 }
 
 ExpEmit FxClassTypeCast::Emit(VMFunctionBuilder *build)
diff --git a/src/scripting/backend/codegen.h b/src/scripting/backend/codegen.h
index aa2e06910d..004b1f2289 100644
--- a/src/scripting/backend/codegen.h
+++ b/src/scripting/backend/codegen.h
@@ -296,6 +296,7 @@ enum EFxType
 	EFX_NamedNode,
 	EFX_GetClass,
 	EFX_GetParentClass,
+	EFX_GetClassName,
 	EFX_StrLen,
 	EFX_ColorLiteral,
 	EFX_GetDefaultByType,
@@ -1660,6 +1661,24 @@ public:
 	ExpEmit Emit(VMFunctionBuilder *build);
 };
 
+//==========================================================================
+//
+//	FxGetClass
+//
+//==========================================================================
+
+class FxGetClassName : public FxExpression
+{
+	FxExpression *Self;
+
+public:
+
+	FxGetClassName(FxExpression *self);
+	~FxGetClassName();
+	FxExpression *Resolve(FCompileContext&);
+	ExpEmit Emit(VMFunctionBuilder *build);
+};
+
 //==========================================================================
 //
 //	FxGetDefaultByType
diff --git a/src/scripting/backend/scopebarrier.cpp b/src/scripting/backend/scopebarrier.cpp
index 65740ec180..4fe0f646d5 100644
--- a/src/scripting/backend/scopebarrier.cpp
+++ b/src/scripting/backend/scopebarrier.cpp
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ EScopeFlags FScopeBarrier::ChangeSideInObjectFlags(EScopeFlags flags, int side)
 	int f = int(flags);
 	f &= ~(Scope_UI | Scope_Play);
 	f |= ObjectFlagsFromSide(side);
-	return (EScopeFlags)flags;
+	return (EScopeFlags)f;
 }
 
 FScopeBarrier::FScopeBarrier()
diff --git a/src/scripting/decorate/thingdef_parse.cpp b/src/scripting/decorate/thingdef_parse.cpp
index 0a0b2fa3d1..c2cc3ecbeb 100644
--- a/src/scripting/decorate/thingdef_parse.cpp
+++ b/src/scripting/decorate/thingdef_parse.cpp
@@ -255,12 +255,12 @@ static void ParseConstant (FScanner &sc, PSymbolTable *symt, PClassActor *cls, P
 			PSymbolConstNumeric *sym;
 			if (type == TK_Int)
 			{
-				sym = new PSymbolConstNumeric(symname, TypeSInt32);
+				sym = Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(symname, TypeSInt32);
 				sym->Value = val.GetInt();
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				sym = new PSymbolConstNumeric(symname, TypeFloat64);
+				sym = Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(symname, TypeFloat64);
 				sym->Float = val.GetFloat();
 			}
 			if (symt->AddSymbol (sym) == NULL)
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ static void ParseEnum (FScanner &sc, PSymbolTable *symt, PClassActor *cls, PName
 				FScriptPosition::ErrorCounter++;
 			}
 		}
-		PSymbolConstNumeric *sym = new PSymbolConstNumeric(symname, TypeSInt32);
+		PSymbolConstNumeric *sym = Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(symname, TypeSInt32);
 		sym->Value = currvalue;
 		if (symt->AddSymbol (sym) == NULL)
 		{
diff --git a/src/scripting/symbols.cpp b/src/scripting/symbols.cpp
index 057b6ef290..9fcefd6039 100644
--- a/src/scripting/symbols.cpp
+++ b/src/scripting/symbols.cpp
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ PSymbol *PSymbolTable::AddSymbol (PSymbol *sym)
 
 PField *PSymbolTable::AddField(FName name, PType *type, uint32_t flags, unsigned &Size, unsigned *Align)
 {
-	PField *field = new PField(name, type, flags);
+	PField *field = Create<PField>(name, type, flags);
 
 	// The new field is added to the end of this struct, alignment permitting.
 	field->Offset = (Size + (type->Align - 1)) & ~(type->Align - 1);
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ PField *PSymbolTable::AddField(FName name, PType *type, uint32_t flags, unsigned
 
 PField *PSymbolTable::AddNativeField(FName name, PType *type, size_t address, uint32_t flags, int bitvalue)
 {
-	PField *field = new PField(name, type, flags | VARF_Native | VARF_Transient, address, bitvalue);
+	PField *field = Create<PField>(name, type, flags | VARF_Native | VARF_Transient, address, bitvalue);
 
 	if (AddSymbol(field) == nullptr)
 	{ // name is already in use
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ void PSymbolTable::WriteFields(FSerializer &ar, const void *addr, const void *de
 	{
 		const PField *field = dyn_cast<PField>(pair->Value);
 		// Skip fields without or with native serialization
-		if (field && !(field->Flags & (VARF_Transient | VARF_Meta)))
+		if (field && !(field->Flags & (VARF_Transient | VARF_Meta | VARF_Static)))
 		{
 			// todo: handle defaults in WriteValue
 			//auto defp = def == nullptr ? nullptr : (const uint8_t *)def + field->Offset;
@@ -512,13 +512,16 @@ PNamespace *FNamespaceManager::NewNamespace(int filenum)
 
 //==========================================================================
 //
-//
+// Deallocate the entire namespace manager.
 //
 //==========================================================================
 
 void FNamespaceManager::ReleaseSymbols()
 {
-	RemoveSymbols();
+	for (auto ns : AllNamespaces)
+	{
+		delete ns;
+	}
 	GlobalNamespace = nullptr;
 	AllNamespaces.Clear();
 }
@@ -537,7 +540,7 @@ int FNamespaceManager::RemoveSymbols()
 	for (auto ns : AllNamespaces)
 	{
 		count += ns->Symbols.Symbols.CountUsed();
-		delete ns;
+		ns->Symbols.ReleaseSymbols();
 	}
 	return count;
 }
@@ -550,7 +553,6 @@ int FNamespaceManager::RemoveSymbols()
 
 void RemoveUnusedSymbols()
 {
-	// Global symbols are not needed anymore after running the compiler.
 	int count = Namespaces.RemoveSymbols();
 
 	// We do not need any non-field and non-function symbols in structs and classes anymore.
diff --git a/src/scripting/thingdef.cpp b/src/scripting/thingdef.cpp
index a76fdd5fb9..aa8db34fdc 100644
--- a/src/scripting/thingdef.cpp
+++ b/src/scripting/thingdef.cpp
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ PFunction *CreateAnonymousFunction(PContainerType *containingclass, PType *retur
 	rets[0] = returntype != nullptr? returntype : TypeError;	// Use TypeError as placeholder if we do not know the return type yet.
 	SetImplicitArgs(&args, &argflags, &argnames, containingclass, fflags, flags);
 
-	PFunction *sym = new PFunction(containingclass, NAME_None);	// anonymous functions do not have names.
+	PFunction *sym = Create<PFunction>(containingclass, NAME_None);	// anonymous functions do not have names.
 	sym->AddVariant(NewPrototype(rets, args), argflags, argnames, nullptr, fflags, flags);
 	return sym;
 }
diff --git a/src/scripting/types.cpp b/src/scripting/types.cpp
index 4649777afe..5a8581812f 100644
--- a/src/scripting/types.cpp
+++ b/src/scripting/types.cpp
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ void PType::StaticInit()
 	TypeVector3->AddField(NAME_Y, TypeFloat64);
 	TypeVector3->AddField(NAME_Z, TypeFloat64);
 	// allow accessing xy as a vector2. This is not supposed to be serialized so it's marked transient
-	TypeVector3->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PField(NAME_XY, TypeVector2, VARF_Transient, 0));
+	TypeVector3->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PField>(NAME_XY, TypeVector2, VARF_Transient, 0));
 	TypeTable.AddType(TypeVector3, NAME_Struct);
 	TypeVector3->loadOp = OP_LV3;
 	TypeVector3->storeOp = OP_SV3;
@@ -347,24 +347,24 @@ void PType::StaticInit()
 
 
 
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_sByte, TypeSInt8));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Byte, TypeUInt8));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Short, TypeSInt16));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_uShort, TypeUInt16));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Int, TypeSInt32));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_uInt, TypeUInt32));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Bool, TypeBool));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Float, TypeFloat64));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Double, TypeFloat64));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Float32, TypeFloat32));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Float64, TypeFloat64));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_String, TypeString));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Name, TypeName));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Sound, TypeSound));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Color, TypeColor));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_State, TypeState));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Vector2, TypeVector2));
-	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(NAME_Vector3, TypeVector3));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_sByte, TypeSInt8));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Byte, TypeUInt8));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Short, TypeSInt16));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_uShort, TypeUInt16));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Int, TypeSInt32));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_uInt, TypeUInt32));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Bool, TypeBool));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Float, TypeFloat64));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Double, TypeFloat64));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Float32, TypeFloat32));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Float64, TypeFloat64));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_String, TypeString));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Name, TypeName));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Sound, TypeSound));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Color, TypeColor));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_State, TypeState));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Vector2, TypeVector2));
+	Namespaces.GlobalNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(NAME_Vector3, TypeVector3));
 }
 
 
@@ -444,13 +444,13 @@ PInt::PInt(unsigned int size, bool unsign, bool compatible)
 	{
 		int maxval = (1u << ((8 * size) - 1)) - 1; // compute as unsigned to prevent overflow before -1
 		int minval = -maxval - 1;
-		Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolConstNumeric(NAME_Min, this, minval));
-		Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolConstNumeric(NAME_Max, this, maxval));
+		Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(NAME_Min, this, minval));
+		Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(NAME_Max, this, maxval));
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolConstNumeric(NAME_Min, this, 0u));
-		Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolConstNumeric(NAME_Max, this, (1u << ((8 * size) - 1))));
+		Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(NAME_Min, this, 0u));
+		Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(NAME_Max, this, (1u << ((8 * size) - 1))));
 	}
 	SetOps();
 }
@@ -799,7 +799,7 @@ void PFloat::SetSymbols(const PFloat::SymbolInitF *sym, size_t count)
 {
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i)
 	{
-		Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolConstNumeric(sym[i].Name, this, sym[i].Value));
+		Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(sym[i].Name, this, sym[i].Value));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ void PFloat::SetSymbols(const PFloat::SymbolInitI *sym, size_t count)
 {
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i)
 	{
-		Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolConstNumeric(sym[i].Name, this, sym[i].Value));
+		Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(sym[i].Name, this, sym[i].Value));
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/src/scripting/zscript/zcc_compile.cpp b/src/scripting/zscript/zcc_compile.cpp
index c6f65dc983..9f6c1fdce2 100644
--- a/src/scripting/zscript/zcc_compile.cpp
+++ b/src/scripting/zscript/zcc_compile.cpp
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ ZCCCompiler::ZCCCompiler(ZCC_AST &ast, DObject *_outer, PSymbolTable &_symbols,
 					case AST_Enum:
 						zenumType = static_cast<ZCC_Enum *>(node);
 						enumType = NewEnum(zenumType->NodeName, OutNamespace);
-						OutNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(zenumType->NodeName, enumType));
+						OutNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(zenumType->NodeName, enumType));
 						break;
 
 					case AST_Class:
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ PSymbolTreeNode *ZCCCompiler::AddTreeNode(FName name, ZCC_TreeNode *node, PSymbo
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		auto sy = new PSymbolTreeNode(name, node);
+		auto sy = Create<PSymbolTreeNode>(name, node);
 		FString name;
 		treenodes->AddSymbol(sy);
 		return sy;
@@ -549,13 +549,13 @@ void ZCCCompiler::CreateStructTypes()
 			// old versions force 'play'.
 			sf = FScopeBarrier::ChangeSideInObjectFlags(sf, FScopeBarrier::Side_Play);
 		}
-		s->strct->Symbol = new PSymbolType(s->NodeName(), s->Type());
+		s->strct->Symbol = Create<PSymbolType>(s->NodeName(), s->Type());
 		syms->AddSymbol(s->strct->Symbol);
 
 		for (auto e : s->Enums)
 		{
 			auto etype = NewEnum(e->NodeName, s->Type());
-			s->Type()->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(e->NodeName, etype));
+			s->Type()->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(e->NodeName, etype));
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ void ZCCCompiler::CreateClassTypes()
 					c->Type()->ScopeFlags = FScopeBarrier::ChangeSideInObjectFlags(c->Type()->ScopeFlags, FScopeBarrier::Side_Play);
 				}
 
-				c->cls->Symbol = new PSymbolType(c->NodeName(), c->Type());
+				c->cls->Symbol = Create<PSymbolType>(c->NodeName(), c->Type());
 				OutNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(c->cls->Symbol);
 				Classes.Push(c);
 				OrigClasses.Delete(i--);
@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ void ZCCCompiler::CreateClassTypes()
 					Error(c->cls, "Class %s has unknown base class %s", c->NodeName().GetChars(), FName(c->cls->ParentName->Id).GetChars());
 					// create a placeholder so that the compiler can continue looking for errors.
 					c->cls->Type = NewClassType(RUNTIME_CLASS(DObject)->FindClassTentative(c->NodeName()));
-					c->cls->Symbol = new PSymbolType(c->NodeName(), c->Type());
+					c->cls->Symbol = Create<PSymbolType>(c->NodeName(), c->Type());
 					OutNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(c->cls->Symbol);
 					Classes.Push(c);
 					OrigClasses.Delete(i--);
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ void ZCCCompiler::CreateClassTypes()
 	{
 		Error(c->cls, "Class %s has circular inheritance", FName(c->NodeName()).GetChars());
 		c->cls->Type = NewClassType(RUNTIME_CLASS(DObject)->FindClassTentative(c->NodeName()));
-		c->cls->Symbol = new PSymbolType(c->NodeName(), c->Type());
+		c->cls->Symbol = Create<PSymbolType>(c->NodeName(), c->Type());
 		OutNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(c->cls->Symbol);
 		Classes.Push(c);
 	}
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ void ZCCCompiler::CreateClassTypes()
 		for (auto e : cd->Enums)
 		{
 			auto etype = NewEnum(e->NodeName, cd->Type());
-			cd->Type()->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PSymbolType(e->NodeName, etype));
+			cd->Type()->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PSymbolType>(e->NodeName, etype));
 		}
 		// Link the tree node tables. We only can do this after we know the class relations.
 		for (auto cc : Classes)
@@ -872,13 +872,13 @@ void ZCCCompiler::AddConstant(ZCC_ConstantWork &constant)
 		ZCC_ExprConstant *cval = static_cast<ZCC_ExprConstant *>(val);
 		if (cval->Type == TypeString)
 		{
-			def->Symbol = new PSymbolConstString(def->NodeName, *(cval->StringVal));
+			def->Symbol = Create<PSymbolConstString>(def->NodeName, *(cval->StringVal));
 		}
 		else if (cval->Type->isInt())
 		{
 			// How do we get an Enum type in here without screwing everything up???
 			//auto type = def->Type != nullptr ? def->Type : cval->Type;
-			def->Symbol = new PSymbolConstNumeric(def->NodeName, cval->Type, cval->IntVal);
+			def->Symbol = Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(def->NodeName, cval->Type, cval->IntVal);
 		}
 		else if (cval->Type->isFloat())
 		{
@@ -886,7 +886,7 @@ void ZCCCompiler::AddConstant(ZCC_ConstantWork &constant)
 			{
 				Error(def, "Enum members must be integer values");
 			}
-			def->Symbol = new PSymbolConstNumeric(def->NodeName, cval->Type, cval->DoubleVal);
+			def->Symbol = Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(def->NodeName, cval->Type, cval->DoubleVal);
 		}
 		else
 		{
@@ -898,13 +898,13 @@ void ZCCCompiler::AddConstant(ZCC_ConstantWork &constant)
 	{
 		if (c.Type == TypeString)
 		{
-			def->Symbol = new PSymbolConstString(def->NodeName, c.GetString());
+			def->Symbol = Create<PSymbolConstString>(def->NodeName, c.GetString());
 		}
 		else if (c.Type->isInt())
 		{
 			// How do we get an Enum type in here without screwing everything up???
 			//auto type = def->Type != nullptr ? def->Type : cval->Type;
-			def->Symbol = new PSymbolConstNumeric(def->NodeName, c.Type, c.GetInt());
+			def->Symbol = Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(def->NodeName, c.Type, c.GetInt());
 		}
 		else if (c.Type->isFloat())
 		{
@@ -912,7 +912,7 @@ void ZCCCompiler::AddConstant(ZCC_ConstantWork &constant)
 			{
 				Error(def, "Enum members must be integer values");
 			}
-			def->Symbol = new PSymbolConstNumeric(def->NodeName, c.Type, c.GetFloat());
+			def->Symbol = Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(def->NodeName, c.Type, c.GetFloat());
 		}
 		else
 		{
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ void ZCCCompiler::AddConstant(ZCC_ConstantWork &constant)
 	if (def->Symbol == nullptr)
 	{
 		// Create a dummy constant so we don't make any undefined value warnings.
-		def->Symbol = new PSymbolConstNumeric(def->NodeName, TypeError, 0);
+		def->Symbol = Create<PSymbolConstNumeric>(def->NodeName, TypeError, 0);
 	}
 	constant.Outputtable->ReplaceSymbol(def->Symbol);
 }
@@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ void ZCCCompiler::CompileArrays(ZCC_StructWork *work)
 				copyp += ztype->Align;
 			}
 		}
-		work->Type()->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PField(sas->Id, NewArray(ztype, values.Size()), VARF_Static | VARF_ReadOnly, (size_t)destmem));
+		work->Type()->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PField>(sas->Id, NewArray(ztype, values.Size()), VARF_Static | VARF_ReadOnly, (size_t)destmem));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1337,7 +1337,7 @@ bool ZCCCompiler::CompileFields(PContainerType *type, TArray<ZCC_VarDeclarator *
 						{
 							// This is a global variable.
 							if (fd->BitValue != 0) thisfieldtype = fd->FieldSize == 1 ? TypeUInt8 : fd->FieldSize == 2 ? TypeUInt16 : TypeUInt32;
-							PField *field = new PField(name->Name, thisfieldtype, varflags | VARF_Native | VARF_Static, fd->FieldOffset, fd->BitValue);
+							PField *field = Create<PField>(name->Name, thisfieldtype, varflags | VARF_Native | VARF_Static, fd->FieldOffset, fd->BitValue);
 
 							if (OutNamespace->Symbols.AddSymbol(field) == nullptr)
 							{ // name is already in use
@@ -1428,7 +1428,7 @@ bool ZCCCompiler::CompileProperties(PClass *type, TArray<ZCC_Property *> &Proper
 		else qualifiedname.Format("@property@%s.%s", prefix.GetChars(), name.GetChars());
 
 		fields.ShrinkToFit();
-		if (!type->VMType->Symbols.AddSymbol(new PProperty(qualifiedname, fields)))
+		if (!type->VMType->Symbols.AddSymbol(Create<PProperty>(qualifiedname, fields)))
 		{
 			Error(id, "Unable to add property %s to class %s", FName(p->NodeName).GetChars(), type->TypeName.GetChars());
 		}
@@ -2607,7 +2607,7 @@ void ZCCCompiler::CompileFunction(ZCC_StructWork *c, ZCC_FuncDeclarator *f, bool
 			} while (p != f->Params);
 		}
 
-		PFunction *sym = new PFunction(c->Type(), f->Name);
+		PFunction *sym = Create<PFunction>(c->Type(), f->Name);
 		sym->AddVariant(NewPrototype(rets, args), argflags, argnames, afd == nullptr ? nullptr : *(afd->VMPointer), varflags, useflags);
 		c->Type()->Symbols.ReplaceSymbol(sym);
 
diff --git a/src/v_draw.cpp b/src/v_draw.cpp
index 314a0fb9af..ea589cbfcd 100644
--- a/src/v_draw.cpp
+++ b/src/v_draw.cpp
@@ -186,9 +186,9 @@ void DCanvas::DrawTextureParms(FTexture *img, DrawParms &parms)
 void DCanvas::SetClipRect(int x, int y, int w, int h)
 {
 	clipleft = clamp(x, 0, GetWidth());
-	clipwidth = clamp(w, 0, GetWidth() - x);
+	clipwidth = clamp(w, -1, GetWidth() - x);
 	cliptop = clamp(y, 0, GetHeight());
-	clipheight = clamp(h, 0, GetHeight() - y);
+	clipheight = clamp(h, -1, GetHeight() - y);
 }
 
 DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(_Screen, SetClipRect)
diff --git a/src/v_text.cpp b/src/v_text.cpp
index 3c31312b3f..cf8ce8cc7b 100644
--- a/src/v_text.cpp
+++ b/src/v_text.cpp
@@ -454,5 +454,5 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(FFont, BreakLines)
 
 	unsigned int count;
 	FBrokenLines *broken = V_BreakLines(self, maxwidth, text, true, &count);
-	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(new DBrokenLines(broken, count));
+	ACTION_RETURN_OBJECT(Create<DBrokenLines>(broken, count));
 }
diff --git a/src/wi_stuff.cpp b/src/wi_stuff.cpp
index dc915a0119..113253f953 100644
--- a/src/wi_stuff.cpp
+++ b/src/wi_stuff.cpp
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ DEFINE_ACTION_FUNCTION(DInterBackground, Create)
 {
 	PARAM_PROLOGUE;
 	PARAM_POINTER(wbst, wbstartstruct_t);
-	ACTION_RETURN_POINTER(new DInterBackground(wbst));
+	ACTION_RETURN_POINTER(Create<DInterBackground>(wbst));
 }
 
 //====================================================================
diff --git a/src/win32/i_main.cpp b/src/win32/i_main.cpp
index 99706c9a96..bf16a87085 100644
--- a/src/win32/i_main.cpp
+++ b/src/win32/i_main.cpp
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ extern UINT TimerPeriod;
 // PUBLIC DATA DEFINITIONS -------------------------------------------------
 
 // The command line arguments.
-DArgs *Args;
+FArgs *Args;
 
 HINSTANCE		g_hInst;
 DWORD			SessionID;
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ void DoMain (HINSTANCE hInstance)
 		_set_new_handler (NewFailure);
 #endif
 
-		Args = new DArgs(__argc, __argv);
+		Args = new FArgs(__argc, __argv);
 
 		// Load Win32 modules
 		Kernel32Module.Load({"kernel32.dll"});
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/chex.txt b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/chex.txt
index f35a5f2cdc..4d234b351c 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/chex.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/chex.txt
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ gameinfo
 	statscreen_coop = "CoopStatusScreen"
 	statscreen_dm = "DeathmatchStatusScreen"
 	statscreen_single = "DoomStatusScreen"
+	messageboxclass = "MessageBoxMenu"
 }
 
 DoomEdNums
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/doomcommon.txt b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/doomcommon.txt
index 8dd21dbad0..bca27b5279 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/doomcommon.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/doomcommon.txt
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ gameinfo
 	statscreen_coop = "CoopStatusScreen"
 	statscreen_dm = "DeathmatchStatusScreen"
 	statscreen_single = "DoomStatusScreen"
+	messageboxclass = "MessageBoxMenu"
 }
 
 spawnnums
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/heretic.txt b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/heretic.txt
index 2418537936..ebb538afde 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/heretic.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/heretic.txt
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ gameinfo
 	statscreen_coop = "CoopStatusScreen"
 	statscreen_dm = "DeathmatchStatusScreen"
 	statscreen_single = "RavenStatusScreen"
+	messageboxclass = "MessageBoxMenu"
 }
 
 DoomEdNums
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/hexen.txt b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/hexen.txt
index 09d3254641..7fd6dbba25 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/hexen.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/hexen.txt
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ gameinfo
 	statscreen_coop = "CoopStatusScreen"
 	statscreen_dm = "DeathmatchStatusScreen"
 	statscreen_single = "RavenStatusScreen"
+	messageboxclass = "MessageBoxMenu"
 }
 
 DoomEdNums
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/mindefaults.txt b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/mindefaults.txt
index f02ff78d02..4199a0a6f4 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/mindefaults.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/mindefaults.txt
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ gameinfo
 	statscreen_mapnamefont = "BigFont"
 	statscreen_finishedpatch = "WIF"
 	statscreen_enteringpatch = "WIENTER"
+	messageboxclass = "MessageBoxMenu"
 }
 
 DoomEdNums
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/strife.txt b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/strife.txt
index 73f7c45724..0d17586bf3 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/strife.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/mapinfo/strife.txt
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ gameinfo
 	statscreen_dm = "DeathmatchStatusScreen"
 	statscreen_single = "RavenStatusScreen"
 	statusbarclass = "StrifeStatusBar"
+	messageboxclass = "MessageBoxMenu"
 }
 
 DoomEdNums
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/zscript/actor.txt b/wadsrc/static/zscript/actor.txt
index fb883f846c..9b7836d171 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/zscript/actor.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/zscript/actor.txt
@@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@ class Actor : Thinker native
 	native bool A_SetVisibleRotation(double anglestart = 0, double angleend = 0, double pitchstart = 0, double pitchend = 0, int flags = 0, int ptr = AAPTR_DEFAULT);
 	native void A_SetTranslation(name transname);
 	native bool A_SetSize(double newradius, double newheight = -1, bool testpos = false);
-	native void A_SprayDecal(String name);
+	native void A_SprayDecal(String name, double dist = 172);
 	native void A_SetMugshotState(String name);
 
 	native void A_RearrangePointers(int newtarget, int newmaster = AAPTR_DEFAULT, int newtracer = AAPTR_DEFAULT, int flags=0);
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/zscript/base.txt b/wadsrc/static/zscript/base.txt
index c834dff946..bb941b4148 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/zscript/base.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/zscript/base.txt
@@ -258,6 +258,7 @@ struct Translation version("2.4")
 	
 	native int AddTranslation();
 	native static bool SetPlayerTranslation(int group, int num, int plrnum, PlayerClass pclass);
+	native static int GetID(Name transname);
 	static int MakeID(int group, int num)
 	{
 		return (group << 16) + num;
@@ -342,7 +343,6 @@ class Object native
 	native static uint MSTime();
 	native vararg static void ThrowAbortException(String fmt, ...);
 
-	native Name GetClassName();
 	native virtualscope void Destroy();
 
 	// This does not call into the native method of the same name to avoid problems with objects that get garbage collected late on shutdown.
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/zscript/inventory/powerups.txt b/wadsrc/static/zscript/inventory/powerups.txt
index 0453316726..8402588c57 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/zscript/inventory/powerups.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/zscript/inventory/powerups.txt
@@ -1861,6 +1861,10 @@ class PowerInfiniteAmmo : Powerup
 
 class PowerReflection : Powerup
 {
+	// if 1, reflects the damage type as well.
+	bool ReflectType;
+	property ReflectType : ReflectType;
+	
 	Default
 	{
 		Powerup.Duration -60;
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/zscript/menu/messagebox.txt b/wadsrc/static/zscript/menu/messagebox.txt
index 48d9949a39..86796d3011 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/zscript/menu/messagebox.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/zscript/menu/messagebox.txt
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class MessageBoxMenu : Menu
 	//
 	//=============================================================================
 
-	void Init(Menu parent, String message, int messagemode, bool playsound = false, Name cmd = 'None', voidptr native_handler = null)
+	virtual void Init(Menu parent, String message, int messagemode, bool playsound = false, Name cmd = 'None', voidptr native_handler = null)
 	{
 		Super.Init(parent);
 		mAction = cmd;
diff --git a/wadsrc/static/zscript/shared/camera.txt b/wadsrc/static/zscript/shared/camera.txt
index abb394745e..f19d90d253 100644
--- a/wadsrc/static/zscript/shared/camera.txt
+++ b/wadsrc/static/zscript/shared/camera.txt
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ class SecurityCamera : Actor
 		if (args[1])
 			Delta /= 2;
 		Acc = 0.;
-		Pitch = clamp(args[0], -89, 89);
+		int arg = (args[0] << 24) >> 24;	// make sure the value has the intended sign.
+		Pitch = clamp(arg, -89, 89);
 		Range = args[1];
 	}