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Made some improvements
This commit is contained in:
Peter Hanappe
parent
8ec42b17b7
commit
e7484820a0
1 changed files with 456 additions and 159 deletions
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@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
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<article>
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<articleinfo>
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<title>
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FluidSynth
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Developer Documentation
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FluidSynth 1.0 - Developer Documentation
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</title>
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<author>
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@ -25,15 +24,42 @@
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SoundFont 2 specifications. The synthesizer is available as a
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shared object that can easily be reused in any application that
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wants to use wavetable synthesis. This documents explains the
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nitty-gritty.</para>
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basic usage of FluidSynth. Some of the more advanced features
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are not yet discussed but will be added in future
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versions.</para>
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</abstract>
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</articleinfo>
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</articleinfo>
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<sect1>
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<title>Using the synthesizer as a plugin</title>
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<para>FluidSynth can easily be embedded in an application.</para>
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<para>FluidSynth can easily be embedded in an application. It has
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a main header file, fluidsynth.h, and one dynamically linkable
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library. FluidSynth runs on Linux, MacOS 9, MacOS X, and the Win32
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platforms. It has audio and midi drivers for all mentioned
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platforms but you can use it with your own drivers if your
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application already handles audio and MIDI IO. This document
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explains the basic usage of FluidSynth and provides and example
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that you can reuse. </para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1>
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<title>License</title>
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<para>All the source code examples in this document are in the
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public domain; you can use it as you please. This document is
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licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License. To view a
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copy of this license, visit
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/ or send a letter to
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Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California
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94305, USA. FluidSynth is distributed under the GNU Library
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General Public License. A copy of the GNU Library General Public
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License is contained in the FluidSynth package; if not, write to
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the Free Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
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02111-1307 USA. </para>
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</sect1>
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@ -46,9 +72,8 @@
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FluidSynth library. It gives a unified API to set the parameters
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of the audio drivers, the midi drivers, the synthesizer,
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andsoforth. A number of default settings are defined by the
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current implementation. In future versions the use of the settings
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will probably be generalized and used also for LADSPA plugins.
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</para>
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current implementation. In future versions, the use of the
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settings will probably be generalized.</para>
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<para>
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All settings have a name that follows the "dotted-name"
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@ -61,12 +86,16 @@
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<function>fluid_synth_setint</function> functions. For example:
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<programlisting>
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void init()
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#include <fluidsynth.h>
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int main(int argc, char** argv)
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{
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fluid_settings_t* settings;
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settings = new_fluid_settings();
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fluid_settings_t* settings = new_fluid_settings();
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fluid_synth_setint(settings, "synth.polyphony", 128);
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delete_fluid_settings(settings);
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return 0;
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}
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</programlisting>
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@ -74,7 +103,7 @@ void init()
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<para>
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The API contains the functions to query the type, the current
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value, the default value, the range and and the "hints" of a
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value, the default value, the range and the "hints" of a
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setting. The range is the minumum and maximum value of the
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setting. The hints gives additional information about a
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setting. For example, whether a string represents a filename. Or
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@ -89,20 +118,26 @@ void init()
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<title>Creating the synthesizer</title>
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<para>
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To create the synthesizer, you pass it the settings object, like
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To create the synthesizer, you pass it the settings object, as
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in the following example:
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<programlisting>
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void init()
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#include <fluidsynth.h>
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int main(int argc, char** argv)
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{
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fluid_settings_t* settings;
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fluid_synth_t* synth;
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settings = new_fluid_settings();
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/* Set the settings, if necessary */
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fluid_settings_t* settings = new_fluid_settings();
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synth = new_fluid_synth(settings);
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/* Do useful things here */
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delete_fluid_synth(synth);
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delete_fluid_settings(settings);
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return 0;
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}
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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@ -111,34 +146,294 @@ void init()
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The default settings should be fine for most uses. A detailed
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description of all the settings used by the synthesizer described
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below.
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</para>
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<table frame=all><title>Synthesizer settings</title>
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<tgroup cols=3 align=left colsep=0 rowsep=0>
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<tbody>
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<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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<row>
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<entry>synth.gain</entry>
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<entry>Type</entry>
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<entry>number</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Default</entry>
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<entry>0.2</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Min-Max</entry>
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<entry>0.0-10.0</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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<entry>The gain is applied to the final or master output of the
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synthesizer. It is set to a low value by default to avoid the
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saturation of the output when random MIDI files are played.</entry>
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</row>
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<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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<row>
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<entry>synth.sample-rate</entry>
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<entry>Type</entry>
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<entry>number</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Default</entry>
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<entry>44100</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Min-Max</entry>
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<entry>22050-96000</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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<entry>The sample rate of the audio generated by the synthesizer.</entry>
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</row>
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<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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<row>
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<entry>synth.polyphony</entry>
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<entry>Type</entry>
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<entry>integer</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Default</entry>
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<entry>256</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Min-Max</entry>
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<entry>16-4096</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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<entry>The polyphony defines how many voices can be played in parallel. The
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number of voices is not necessarily equivalent to the number of notes
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played simultaniously. Indeed, when a note is struck on a specific
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MIDI channel, the preset on that channel may created several voices,
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for example, one for the left audio channel and one for the right
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audio channels. The number of voices activated depends on the number
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of instrument zones that fall in the correspond to the velocity and
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key of the played note.</entry>
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</row>
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<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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<row>
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<entry>synth.midi-channels</entry>
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<entry>Type</entry>
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<entry>integer</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Default</entry>
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<entry>16</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Min-Max</entry>
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<entry>16-256</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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<entry>This setting defines the number of MIDI channels of the
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synthesizer. The MIDI standard defines 16 channels, so most hardware
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keyboards are limited to 16. If you plan to use the synthesizer as a
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plugin in an application, it might be interesting to set the number of
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channels to a larger value. In this case you can program a greater
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number of presets.</entry>
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</row>
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<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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<row>
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<entry>synth.reverb.active</entry>
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<entry>Type</entry>
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<entry>string</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Default</entry>
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<entry>"yes"</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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<entry>When set to "yes" the reverb effects module is activated. Otherwise,
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no reverb will be added to the output signal. Note that when the
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reverb module is active, the amount of signal send to the reverb
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module depends on the "reverb send" generator defined in the
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SoundFont.</entry>
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</row>
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<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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<row>
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<entry>synth.chorus.active</entry>
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<entry>Type</entry>
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<entry>string</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Default</entry>
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<entry>"yes"</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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<entry>When set to "yes" the chorus effects module is activated. Otherwise,
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no chorus will be added to the output signal. Note that when the
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reverb module is active, the amount of signal send to the chorus
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module depends on the "chorus send" generator defined in the
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SoundFont.</entry>
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</row>
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<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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<row>
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<entry>synth.ladspa.active</entry>
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<entry>Type</entry>
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<entry>string</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Default</entry>
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<entry>"no"</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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||||
<entry></entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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<entry>When set to "yes" the LADSPA subsystem will be called. This subsystem
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allows to load and interconnect LADSPA plugins. The output of the
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synthesizer is processed by the LADSPA subsystem. Note that the
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synthesizer has to be compiled with LADSPA support. More information
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about the LADSPA subsystem later.</entry>
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</row>
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<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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<row>
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<entry>synth.audio-groups</entry>
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<entry>Type</entry>
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<entry>integer</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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||||
<entry></entry>
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<entry>Default</entry>
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||||
<entry>1</entry>
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</row>
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||||
<row>
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||||
<entry></entry>
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||||
<entry>Min-Max</entry>
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<entry>1-128</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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<entry>By default, the synthesizer outputs a single stereo signal. Using this
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option, the synthesizer can output multichannel audio.</entry>
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</row>
|
||||
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||||
<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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||||
<row>
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||||
<entry>synth.effects-channels</entry>
|
||||
<entry>Type</entry>
|
||||
<entry>integer</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
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<entry>Default</entry>
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<entry>2</entry>
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</row>
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||||
<row>
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||||
<entry></entry>
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||||
<entry>Min-Max</entry>
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||||
<entry>2-2</entry>
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||||
</row>
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||||
<row>
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||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
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||||
</row>
|
||||
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||||
<!-- ---------------------------- -->
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||||
<row>
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||||
<entry>synth.verbose</entry>
|
||||
<entry>Type</entry>
|
||||
<entry>string</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Default</entry>
|
||||
<entry>"no"</entry>
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||||
</row>
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||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||||
|
||||
<entry>When set to "yes" the synthesizer will print out information
|
||||
about the received MIDI events to the stdout. This can be helpful
|
||||
for debugging. This setting can not be changed after the synthesizer
|
||||
has started.</entry>
|
||||
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- ---------------------------- -->
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry>synth.dump</entry>
|
||||
<entry>Type</entry>
|
||||
<entry>string</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Default</entry>
|
||||
<entry>"no"</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</tgroup>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1>
|
||||
<title>Creating the audio driver</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The synthesizer itself does not send any audio to the audio
|
||||
output. This allows application developers who want to integrate
|
||||
the synthesizer in their application to manage the audio output
|
||||
themselves. The following sections describes the use of the
|
||||
synthesizer without an audio driver in more detail.
|
||||
The synthesizer itself does not write any audio to the audio
|
||||
output. This allows application developers to manage the audio
|
||||
output themselves if they wish. The next section describes the use
|
||||
of the synthesizer without an audio driver in more detail.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Creating the audio driver is straightforward: set the appropriate
|
||||
settings and create the driver object. Because the FluidSynth has
|
||||
support for several audio libraries, you may want to change what
|
||||
audio subsystem you want to use. Currently the following audio
|
||||
systems are supported:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
support for several audio systems, you may want to change which
|
||||
one you want to use. The list below shows theaudio systems that
|
||||
are currently supported. It displays the name, as used by the
|
||||
fluidsynth library, and a description. </para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Linux: OSS, ALSA, Jack, PortAudio (not tested)</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>MacOS Classic: SoundManager, PortAudio</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>MacOS X: PortAudio, CoreAudio (experimental)</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Windows: DirectSound, PortAudio (not tested)</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>alsa: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>oss: Open Sound System (Linux)</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>jack: JACK Audio Connection Kit (Linux, Mac OS X)</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>portaudio: Portaudio Library (MacOS 9 & X, Windows, Linux)</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>sndmgr: Apple SoundManager (Mac OS Classic)</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>coreaudio: Apple CoreAudio (MacOS X, experimental)</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>dsound: Microsoft DirectSound (Windows)</para></listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -190,6 +485,120 @@ void init()
|
|||
synthesizer object to generate the audio.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
There are a number of general audio driver settings. The
|
||||
audio.driver settings defines the audio subsystem that will be
|
||||
used. The audio.periods and audio.period-size settings define the
|
||||
latency and robustness against scheduling delays. There are
|
||||
additional settings for the audio subsystems used. They will be
|
||||
documented later.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<table frame=all><title>General audio driver settings</title>
|
||||
<tgroup cols=3 align=left colsep=0 rowsep=0>
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- ---------------------------- -->
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry>audio.driver</entry>
|
||||
<entry>Type</entry>
|
||||
<entry>string</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Default</entry>
|
||||
<entry>alsa (Linux), dsound (Windows), sndman (MacOS9), coreaudio (MacOS X)</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Options</entry>
|
||||
<entry>alsa, oss, jack, dsound, sndman, coreaudio, portaudio</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||||
<entry>The audio system to be used.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- ---------------------------- -->
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry>audio.periods</entry>
|
||||
<entry>Type</entry>
|
||||
<entry>int</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Default</entry>
|
||||
<entry>16 (Linux, MacOS X), 8 (Windows)</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Min-Max</entry>
|
||||
<entry>2-64</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||||
<entry>The number of the audio buffers used by the driver. This
|
||||
number of buffers, multiplied by the buffer size (see setting
|
||||
audio.period-size), determines the maximum latency of the audio
|
||||
driver.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- ---------------------------- -->
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry>audio.period-size</entry>
|
||||
<entry>Type</entry>
|
||||
<entry>int</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Default</entry>
|
||||
<entry>64 (Linux, MacOS X), 512 (Windows)</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Min-Max</entry>
|
||||
<entry>64-8192</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||||
<entry>The size of the audio buffers (in frames).</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- ---------------------------- -->
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry>audio.sample-format</entry>
|
||||
<entry>Type</entry>
|
||||
<entry>string</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Default</entry>
|
||||
<entry>"16bits"</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Options</entry>
|
||||
<entry>"16bits", "float"</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||||
|
||||
<entry>The format of the audio samples. This is currently only an
|
||||
indication; the audio driver may ignore this setting if it can't
|
||||
handle the specified format.</entry>
|
||||
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</tgroup>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1>
|
||||
|
|
@ -370,133 +779,21 @@ protected:
|
|||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1>
|
||||
<title>Advanced control features</title>
|
||||
<para></para>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<title>Advanced features, not yet documented</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1>
|
||||
<title>MIDI tunings</title>
|
||||
<para></para>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1>
|
||||
<title>Multi channel audio output</title>
|
||||
<para></para>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1>
|
||||
<title>Overview of all settings</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The settings for the synthesizer
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
synth.verbose: type string, default "no"
|
||||
|
||||
When set to "yes" the synthesizer will print out information about the
|
||||
received MIDI events to the stdout. This can be helpful for
|
||||
debugging. This setting can not be changed after the synthesizer has
|
||||
started.
|
||||
|
||||
synth.dump: type string, default "no"
|
||||
|
||||
???
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
synth.reverb.active: type string, default "yes"
|
||||
|
||||
When set to "yes" the reverb effects module is activated. Otherwise,
|
||||
no reverb will be added to the output signal. Note that when the
|
||||
reverb module is active, the amount of signal send to the reverb
|
||||
module depends on the "reverb send" generator defined in the
|
||||
SoundFont.
|
||||
|
||||
synth.chorus.active: type string, default "yes"
|
||||
|
||||
When set to "yes" the chorus effects module is activated. Otherwise,
|
||||
no chorus will be added to the output signal. Note that when the
|
||||
reverb module is active, the amount of signal send to the chorus
|
||||
module depends on the "chorus send" generator defined in the
|
||||
SoundFont.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
synth.ladspa.active: type string, default no
|
||||
|
||||
When set to "yes" the LADSPA subsystem will be called. This subsystem
|
||||
allows to load and interconnect LADSPA plugins. The output of the
|
||||
synthesizer is processed by the LADSPA subsystem. Note that the
|
||||
synthesizer has to be compiled with LADSPA support. More information
|
||||
about the LADSPA subsystem later.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
synth.polyphony: type integer, default 256, min. 16, max. 4096
|
||||
|
||||
The polyphony defines how many voices can be played in parallel. The
|
||||
number of voices is not necessarily equivalent to the number of notes
|
||||
played simultaniously. Indeed, when a note is struck on a specific
|
||||
MIDI channel, the preset on that channel may created several voices,
|
||||
for example, one for the left audio channel and one for the right
|
||||
audio channels. The number of voices activated depends on the number
|
||||
of instrument zones that fall in the correspond to the velocity and
|
||||
key of the played note.
|
||||
|
||||
synth.midi-channels: type integer, default 16, min. 16, max. 256
|
||||
|
||||
This setting defines the number of MIDI channels of the
|
||||
synthesizer. The MIDI standard defines 16 channels, so most hardware
|
||||
keyboards are limited to 16. If you plan to use the synthesizer as a
|
||||
plugin in an application, it might be interesting to set the number of
|
||||
channels to a larger value. In this case you can program a greater
|
||||
number of presets.
|
||||
|
||||
synth.gain: type number, default 0.2, min. 0.0, max. 10.0
|
||||
|
||||
The gain is applied to the final or master output of the
|
||||
synthesizer. It is set to a low value by default to avoid the
|
||||
saturation of the output when random MIDI files are played.
|
||||
|
||||
synth.audio-channels: type integer, default 1, min. 1, max. 128
|
||||
|
||||
By default, the synthesizer outputs a single stereo signal. Using this
|
||||
option, the synthesizer can output multichannel audio.
|
||||
|
||||
synth.audio-groups", 1, 1, 128, 0, NULL, NULL);
|
||||
synth.effects-channels", 2, 2, 2, 0, NULL, NULL);
|
||||
synth.sample-rate", 44100.0f, 22050.0f, 96000.0f,
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The settings for the audio driver
|
||||
|
||||
audio.sample-format: type string, default "16bits", options ("16bits", "float")
|
||||
|
||||
audio.period-size: type integer, default 512, min. 64, max. 8192
|
||||
|
||||
audio.periods: type integer, default 8, min. 2, max. 64
|
||||
|
||||
audio.output-channels: type integer, default 2, min. 2, max. 32
|
||||
|
||||
audio.input-channels: type integer, default 0, min. 0, max. 2
|
||||
|
||||
audio.driver: type string, default platform and compilation dependent
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
SoundFont:
|
||||
|
||||
Preset:
|
||||
|
||||
Preset Zone:
|
||||
|
||||
Instrument:
|
||||
|
||||
Instrument Zone:
|
||||
|
||||
Program:
|
||||
|
||||
MIDI Channel:
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<itemizedlist mark=opencircle>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Accessing low-level voice parameters</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Reverb settings</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Chorus settings</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Interpolation settings (set_gen, get_gen, NRPN)</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Sequencer</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>LADSPA effects unit</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>MIDI router</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Multi-channel audio</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>MIDI tunings</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>MIDI file player</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>SoundFont loader</para></listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue