// SONIC ROBO BLAST 2
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2013-2016 by Matthew "Kaito Sinclaire" Walsh.
// Copyright (C) 2013      by "Ninji".
// Copyright (C) 2013-2020 by Sonic Team Junior.
//
// This program is free software distributed under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.
// See the 'LICENSE' file for more details.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// \file  m_anigif.c
/// \brief Animated GIF creation movie mode.
///        Uses an implementation of Lempel–Ziv–Welch (LZW) compression,
///        which by-the-way: the patents have expired for over ten years ago.

#include "m_anigif.h"
#include "d_main.h"
#include "z_zone.h"
#include "v_video.h"
#include "i_video.h"
#include "i_system.h" // I_GetTimeMicros
#include "m_misc.h"
#include "st_stuff.h" // st_palette

#ifdef HWRENDER
#include "hardware/hw_main.h"
#endif

// GIFs are always little-endian
#include "byteptr.h"

consvar_t cv_gif_optimize = {"gif_optimize", "On", CV_SAVE, CV_OnOff, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, NULL};
consvar_t cv_gif_downscale =  {"gif_downscale", "On", CV_SAVE, CV_OnOff, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, NULL};
consvar_t cv_gif_dynamicdelay = {"gif_dynamicdelay", "On", CV_SAVE, CV_OnOff, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, NULL};
consvar_t cv_gif_localcolortable =  {"gif_localcolortable", "On", CV_SAVE, CV_OnOff, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, NULL};

#ifdef HAVE_ANIGIF
static boolean gif_optimize = false; // So nobody can do something dumb
static boolean gif_downscale = false; // like changing cvars mid output
static boolean gif_dynamicdelay = false; // and messing something up

// Palette handling
static boolean gif_localcolortable = false;
static boolean gif_colorprofile = false;
static RGBA_t *gif_headerpalette = NULL;
static RGBA_t *gif_framepalette = NULL;

static FILE *gif_out = NULL;
static INT32 gif_frames = 0;
static UINT32 gif_prevframems = 0;
static UINT8 gif_writeover = 0;



// OPTIMIZE gif output
// ---

//
// GIF_optimizecmprow
// checks a row for modification, and if any is detected, what parts
// modified input 'last': returns current row if modification detected
// modified input 'left': returns leftmost known changed pixel
// modified input 'right': returns rightmost known changed pixel
//
static UINT8 GIF_optimizecmprow(const UINT8 *dst, const UINT8 *src, INT32 row,
	INT32 *last, INT32 *left, INT32 *right)
{
	const UINT8 *dp = dst + (vid.width * row);
	const UINT8 *sp = src + (vid.width * row);
	const UINT8 *dtmp, *stmp;
	UINT8 doleft = 1, doright = 1;
	INT32 i = 0;

	if (!memcmp(sp, dp, vid.width))
		return 0; // unchanged.

	*last = row;

	// left side
	i = 0;
	if (*left == 0) // edge reached
		doleft = 0;
	else if (*left > 0) // left set, nonzero
	{
		if (!memcmp(sp, dp, *left))
			doleft = 0; // left side not changed
	}
	while (doleft)
	{
		dtmp = dp + i;
		stmp = sp + i;
		if (*dtmp != *stmp)
		{
			doleft = 0;
			*left = i;
		}
		++i;
	}

	// right side
	i = vid.width - 1;
	if (*right == vid.width - 1) // edge reached
		doright = 0;
	else if (*right >= 0) // right set, non-end-of-width
	{
		dtmp = dp + *right + 1;
		stmp = sp + *right + 1;
		if (!memcmp(stmp, dtmp, vid.width - (*right + 1)))
			doright = 0; // right side not changed
	}
	while (doright)
	{
		dtmp = dp + i;
		stmp = sp + i;
		if (*dtmp != *stmp)
		{
			doright = 0;
			*right = i;
		}
		--i;
	}
	return 1;
}

//
// GIF_optimizeregion
// attempts to optimize a GIF as it's being written by giving a region
// containing all of the changed pixels instead of rewriting
// the entire screen buffer to the GIF file every frame
// modified input 'x': returns optimal starting x coordinate
// modified input 'y': returns optimal starting y coordinate
// modified input 'w': returns optimal width
// modified input 'h': returns optimal height
//
static void GIF_optimizeregion(const UINT8 *dst, const UINT8 *src,
	INT32 *x, INT32 *y, INT32 *w, INT32 *h)
{
	INT32 st = 0, sb = vid.height - 1; // work from both directions
	INT32 firstchg_t = -1, firstchg_b = -1; // store first changed row.
	INT32 lastchg_t = -1, lastchg_b = -1; // Store last row... just in case
	INT32 lmpix = -1, rmpix = -1; // store left and rightmost change
	UINT8 stopt = 0, stopb = 0;

	while ((!stopt || !stopb) && st < sb)
	{
		if (!stopt)
		{
			if (GIF_optimizecmprow(dst, src, st++, &lastchg_t, &lmpix, &rmpix)
			 && lmpix == 0 && rmpix == vid.width - 1)
				stopt = 1;
			if (firstchg_t < 0 && lastchg_t >= 0)
				firstchg_t = lastchg_t;
		}
		if (!stopb)
		{
			if (GIF_optimizecmprow(dst, src, sb--, &lastchg_b, &lmpix, &rmpix)
			 && lmpix == 0 && rmpix == vid.width - 1)
				stopb = 1;
			if (firstchg_b < 0 && lastchg_b >= 0)
				firstchg_b = lastchg_b;
		}
	}

	if (lmpix < 0) // NO CHANGE.
	{
		// hack: we don't attempt to go back and rewrite the previous
		// frame's delay, we just make this frame have only a single
		// pixel so it contains minimal data
		*x = *y = 0;
		*w = *h = 1;
		return;
	}

	*x = lmpix;
	*y = (firstchg_t < 0 && lastchg_b >= 0) ? lastchg_b : firstchg_t;
	*w = rmpix + 1;
	*h = ((firstchg_b < 0 && lastchg_t >= 0) ? lastchg_t : firstchg_b) + 1;

	*w -= *x;
	*h -= *y;
}



// GIF Bit WRiter
// ---
static UINT8 *gifbwr_buf = NULL;
static UINT8 *gifbwr_cur;
static UINT8 gifbwr_bufsize = 0;

static UINT32 gifbwr_bits_buf = 0;
static INT32 gifbwr_bits_num = 0;
static UINT8 gifbwr_bits_min = 9;

//
// GIF_bwr_flush
// flushes any bits remaining in the buffer.
//
static void GIF_bwrflush(void)
{
	if (gifbwr_bits_num > 0) // will be between 1 and 7
	{
		WRITEUINT8(gifbwr_cur, (UINT8)(gifbwr_bits_buf&0xFF));
		++gifbwr_bufsize;
	}
	gifbwr_bits_buf = gifbwr_bits_num = 0;
}

//
// GIF_bwr_write
// writes bits into bit buffer,
// writes into buffer when whole bytes obtained
//
static void GIF_bwrwrite(UINT32 idata)
{
	gifbwr_bits_buf |= (idata << gifbwr_bits_num);
	gifbwr_bits_num += gifbwr_bits_min;
	while (gifbwr_bits_num >= 8)
	{
		WRITEUINT8(gifbwr_cur, (UINT8)(gifbwr_bits_buf&0xFF));
		gifbwr_bits_buf >>= 8;
		gifbwr_bits_num -= 8;
		++gifbwr_bufsize;
	}
}



// SCReen BUFfer (obviously)
// ---
static UINT8 *scrbuf_pos;
static UINT8 *scrbuf_linebegin;
static UINT8 *scrbuf_lineend;
static UINT8 *scrbuf_writeend;
static INT16 scrbuf_downscaleamt = 1;



// GIF LZW algorithm
// ---
#define GIFLZW_TABLECLR  0x100
#define GIFLZW_DATAEND   0x101
#define GIFLZW_DICTSTART 0x102
#define GIFLZW_MAXCODE 4096

static UINT16 giflzw_workingCode;
static UINT16 giflzw_nextCodeToAssign;
static UINT32 *giflzw_hashTable = NULL; // 16384 required

//
// GIF_prepareLZW
// prepatres the LZW hash table for use
//
static void GIF_prepareLZW(void)
{
	gifbwr_bits_min = 9;
	giflzw_nextCodeToAssign = GIFLZW_DICTSTART;

	if (!giflzw_hashTable)
		giflzw_hashTable = Z_Malloc(16384*sizeof(UINT32), PU_STATIC, NULL);
	memset(giflzw_hashTable, 0, 16384*sizeof(UINT32));
}

//
// GIF_searchHash
// searches the LZW hash table for a match
//
static char GIF_searchHash(UINT32 key, UINT32 *pOutput)
{
	UINT32 entry, position = (key >> 6) & 0x3FFF;

	while (giflzw_hashTable[position] != 0)
	{
		entry = giflzw_hashTable[position];
		if ((entry >> 12) == key)
		{
			*pOutput = (entry & 0xFFF);
			return 1;
		}

		position = (position + 1) & 0x3FFF;
	}

	return 0;
}

//
// GIF_addHash
// stores a hash in the hash table
//
static void GIF_addHash(UINT32 key, UINT32 value)
{
	UINT32 position = (key >> 6) & 0x3FFF;

	for (;;)
	{
		if (giflzw_hashTable[position] == 0)
		{
			giflzw_hashTable[position] = (key << 12) | (value & 0xFFF);
			return;
		}

		position = (position + 1) & 0x3FFF;
	}
}

//
// GIF_feedByte
// feeds bytes into the working code,
// and to the hash table or output from there.
//
static void GIF_feedByte(UINT8 pbyte)
{
	UINT32 key, hashOutput = 0;

	// Prepare a code with this byte if we have none
	if (giflzw_workingCode == UINT16_MAX)
	{
		giflzw_workingCode = pbyte;
		return;
	}

	// If we're here, this means we have a code in progress
	// Is this string already in the dictionary?
	key = (giflzw_workingCode << 8) | pbyte;

	if (0 == GIF_searchHash(key, &hashOutput))
	{
		// It wasn't found.
		// That means we can output what we already had, and
		// create a new dictionary entry containing that
		// plus our new byte.
		if (giflzw_nextCodeToAssign > (1 << gifbwr_bits_min))
			++gifbwr_bits_min; // out of room, extend minbits

		GIF_bwrwrite(giflzw_workingCode);
		GIF_addHash(key, giflzw_nextCodeToAssign);
		++giflzw_nextCodeToAssign;

		// Seed the working code with this byte, for the next
		// round
		giflzw_workingCode = pbyte;
		return;
	}

	// This string is in there, so update our working code!
	giflzw_workingCode = hashOutput;
}

//
// GIF_lzw
// polls the hashtable, does writing, etc
//
static void GIF_lzw(void)
{
	while (scrbuf_pos <= scrbuf_writeend)
	{
		GIF_feedByte(*scrbuf_pos);
		if (giflzw_nextCodeToAssign >= GIFLZW_MAXCODE)
		{
			GIF_bwrwrite(GIFLZW_TABLECLR);
			GIF_prepareLZW();
		}
		if ((scrbuf_pos += scrbuf_downscaleamt) >= scrbuf_lineend)
		{
			scrbuf_lineend += (vid.width * scrbuf_downscaleamt);
			scrbuf_linebegin += (vid.width * scrbuf_downscaleamt);
			scrbuf_pos = scrbuf_linebegin;
		}
		// Just a bit of overflow prevention
		if (gifbwr_bufsize >= 248)
			break;
	}
	if (scrbuf_pos > scrbuf_writeend)
	{
		// 4.15.14 - I failed to account for the possibility that
		// these two writes could possibly cause minbits increases.
		// Luckily, we have a guarantee that the first byte CANNOT exceed
		// the maximum possible code.  So, we do a minbits check here...
		if (giflzw_nextCodeToAssign++ > (1 << gifbwr_bits_min))
			++gifbwr_bits_min; // out of room, extend minbits
		GIF_bwrwrite(giflzw_workingCode);

		// And luckily once more, if the data marker somehow IS at
		// MAXCODE it doesn't matter, because it still marks the
		// end of the stream and thus no extending will happen!
		// But still, we need to check minbits again...
		if (giflzw_nextCodeToAssign++ > (1 << gifbwr_bits_min))
			++gifbwr_bits_min; // out of room, extend minbits
		GIF_bwrwrite(GIFLZW_DATAEND);

		// Okay, the flush is safe at least.
		GIF_bwrflush();
		gif_writeover = 1;
	}
}



// GIF HEADer (okay yeah)
// ---
const UINT8 gifhead_base[6] = {0x47,0x49,0x46,0x38,0x39,0x61}; // GIF89a
const UINT8 gifhead_nsid[19] = {0x21,0xFF,0x0B, // extension block + size
	0x4E,0x45,0x54,0x53,0x43,0x41,0x50,0x45,0x32,0x2E,0x30, // NETSCAPE2.0
	0x03,0x01,0xFF,0xFF,0x00}; // sub-block, repetitions


//
// GIF_getpalette
// determine the palette for the current frame.
//
static RGBA_t *GIF_getpalette(size_t palnum)
{
	// In hardware mode, always returns the local palette
#ifdef HWRENDER
	if (rendermode == render_opengl)
		return pLocalPalette;
	else
#endif
		return (gif_colorprofile ? &pLocalPalette[palnum*256] : &pMasterPalette[palnum*256]);
}

//
// GIF_palwrite
// writes the gif palette.
// used both for the header and local color tables.
//
static UINT8 *GIF_palwrite(UINT8 *p, RGBA_t *pal)
{
	INT32 i;
	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		WRITEUINT8(p, pal[i].s.red);
		WRITEUINT8(p, pal[i].s.green);
		WRITEUINT8(p, pal[i].s.blue);
	}
	return p;
}

//
// GIF_headwrite
// writes the gif header to the currently open output file.
//
static void GIF_headwrite(void)
{
	UINT8 *gifhead = Z_Malloc(800, PU_STATIC, NULL);
	UINT8 *p = gifhead;
	UINT16 rwidth, rheight;

	if (!gif_out)
		return;

	WRITEMEM(p, gifhead_base, sizeof(gifhead_base));

	// Image width/height
	if (gif_downscale)
	{
		scrbuf_downscaleamt = vid.dupx;
		rwidth = (vid.width / scrbuf_downscaleamt);
		rheight = (vid.height / scrbuf_downscaleamt);
	}
	else
	{
		scrbuf_downscaleamt = 1;
		rwidth = vid.width;
		rheight = vid.height;
	}

	WRITEUINT16(p, rwidth);
	WRITEUINT16(p, rheight);

	// colors, aspect, etc
	WRITEUINT8(p, 0xF7); // (0xF7 = 1111 0111)
	WRITEUINT8(p, 0x00);
	WRITEUINT8(p, 0x00);

	// write color table
	p = GIF_palwrite(p, gif_headerpalette);

	// write extension block
	WRITEMEM(p, gifhead_nsid, sizeof(gifhead_nsid));

	// write to file and be done with it!
	fwrite(gifhead, 1, 800, gif_out);
	Z_Free(gifhead);
}



// GIF FRAME (surprise!)
// ---
const UINT8 gifframe_gchead[4] = {0x21,0xF9,0x04,0x04}; // GCE, bytes, packed byte (no trans = 0 | no input = 0 | don't remove = 4)

static UINT8 *gifframe_data = NULL;
static size_t gifframe_size = 8192;

//
// GIF_rgbconvert
// converts an RGB frame to a frame with a palette.
//
#ifdef HWRENDER
static void GIF_rgbconvert(UINT8 *linear, UINT8 *scr)
{
	UINT8 r, g, b;
	size_t src = 0, dest = 0;
	size_t size = (vid.width * vid.height * 3);

	InitColorLUT(gif_framepalette, true);

	while (src < size)
	{
		r = (UINT8)linear[src];
		g = (UINT8)linear[src + 1];
		b = (UINT8)linear[src + 2];
		scr[dest] = GetColorLUTDirect(r, g, b);
		src += (3 * scrbuf_downscaleamt);
		dest += scrbuf_downscaleamt;
	}
}
#endif

//
// GIF_framewrite
// writes a frame into the file.
//
static void GIF_framewrite(void)
{
	UINT8 *p;
	UINT8 *movie_screen = screens[2];
	INT32 blitx, blity, blitw, blith;
	boolean palchanged;

	if (!gifframe_data)
		gifframe_data = Z_Malloc(gifframe_size, PU_STATIC, NULL);
	p = gifframe_data;

	if (!gif_out)
		return;

	// Lactozilla: Compare the header's palette with the current frame's palette and see if it changed.
	if (gif_localcolortable)
	{
		gif_framepalette = GIF_getpalette(max(st_palette, 0));
		palchanged = memcmp(gif_headerpalette, gif_framepalette, sizeof(RGBA_t) * 256);
	}
	else
		palchanged = false;

	// Compare image data (for optimizing GIF)
	// If the palette has changed, the entire frame is considered to be different.
	if (gif_optimize && gif_frames > 0 && (!palchanged))
	{
		// before blit movie_screen points to last frame, cur_screen points to this frame
		UINT8 *cur_screen = screens[0];
		GIF_optimizeregion(cur_screen, movie_screen, &blitx, &blity, &blitw, &blith);

		// blit to temp screen
		if (rendermode == render_soft)
			I_ReadScreen(movie_screen);
#ifdef HWRENDER
		else if (rendermode == render_opengl)
		{
			UINT8 *linear = HWR_GetScreenshot();
			GIF_rgbconvert(linear, movie_screen);
			free(linear);
		}
#endif
	}
	else
	{
		blitx = blity = 0;
		blitw = vid.width;
		blith = vid.height;

#ifdef HWRENDER
		// Copy the current OpenGL frame into the base screen
		if (rendermode == render_opengl)
		{
			UINT8 *linear = HWR_GetScreenshot();
			GIF_rgbconvert(linear, screens[0]);
			free(linear);
		}
#endif

		// Copy the first frame into the movie screen
		// OpenGL already does the same above.
		if (gif_frames == 0 && rendermode == render_soft)
			I_ReadScreen(movie_screen);

		movie_screen = screens[0];
	}

	// screen regions are handled in GIF_lzw
	{
		UINT16 delay;
		INT32 startline;

		if (gif_dynamicdelay) {
			// golden's attempt at creating a "dynamic delay"
			float delayf = ceil(100.0f/NEWTICRATE);

			delay = (UINT16)((I_GetTimeMicros() - gif_prevframems)/10/1000);
			if (delay < (int)(delayf))
				delay = (int)(delayf);
		}
		else
		{
			// the original code
			int d1 = (int)((100.0f/NEWTICRATE)*(gif_frames+1));
			int d2 = (int)((100.0f/NEWTICRATE)*(gif_frames));
			delay = d1-d2;
		}

		WRITEMEM(p, gifframe_gchead, 4);

		WRITEUINT16(p, delay);
		WRITEUINT8(p, 0);
		WRITEUINT8(p, 0); // end of GCE

		if (scrbuf_downscaleamt > 1)
		{
			// Ensure our downscaled blitx/y starts and ends on a pixel.
			blitx -= (blitx % scrbuf_downscaleamt);
			blity -= (blity % scrbuf_downscaleamt);
			blitw = ((blitw + (scrbuf_downscaleamt - 1)) / scrbuf_downscaleamt) * scrbuf_downscaleamt;
			blith = ((blith + (scrbuf_downscaleamt - 1)) / scrbuf_downscaleamt) * scrbuf_downscaleamt;
		}

		WRITEUINT8(p, 0x2C);
		WRITEUINT16(p, (UINT16)(blitx / scrbuf_downscaleamt));
		WRITEUINT16(p, (UINT16)(blity / scrbuf_downscaleamt));
		WRITEUINT16(p, (UINT16)(blitw / scrbuf_downscaleamt));
		WRITEUINT16(p, (UINT16)(blith / scrbuf_downscaleamt));

		if (!gif_localcolortable)
			WRITEUINT8(p, 0); // no local table of colors
		else
		{
			if (palchanged)
			{
				// The palettes are different, so write the Local Color Table!
				WRITEUINT8(p, 0x87); // (0x87 = 1000 0111)
				p = GIF_palwrite(p, gif_framepalette);
			}
			else
				WRITEUINT8(p, 0); // They are equal, no Local Color Table needed.
		}

		scrbuf_pos = movie_screen + blitx + (blity * vid.width);
		scrbuf_writeend = scrbuf_pos + (blitw - 1) + ((blith - 1) * vid.width);

		if (!gifbwr_buf)
			gifbwr_buf = Z_Malloc(256, PU_STATIC, NULL);
		gifbwr_cur = gifbwr_buf;

		GIF_prepareLZW();
		giflzw_workingCode = UINT16_MAX;
		WRITEUINT8(p, gifbwr_bits_min - 1);

		startline = (scrbuf_pos - movie_screen) / vid.width;
		scrbuf_linebegin = movie_screen + (startline * vid.width) + blitx;
		scrbuf_lineend = scrbuf_linebegin + blitw;

		//prewrite a table clear
		GIF_bwrwrite(GIFLZW_TABLECLR);

		gif_writeover = 0;
		while (!gif_writeover)
		{
			GIF_lzw(); // main lzw packing loop

			if ((size_t)(p - gifframe_data) + gifbwr_bufsize + 1 >= gifframe_size)
			{
				INT32 temppos = p - gifframe_data;
				gifframe_data = Z_Realloc(gifframe_data, (gifframe_size *= 2), PU_STATIC, NULL);
				p = gifframe_data + temppos; // realloc moves gifframe_data, so p is now invalid
			}

			// reset after writing to read
			gifbwr_cur = gifbwr_buf;
			WRITEUINT8(p, gifbwr_bufsize);
			WRITEMEM(p, gifbwr_cur, gifbwr_bufsize);

			gifbwr_bufsize = 0;
			gifbwr_cur = gifbwr_buf;
		}
		WRITEUINT8(p, 0); //terminator
	}
	fwrite(gifframe_data, 1, (p - gifframe_data), gif_out);
	++gif_frames;
	gif_prevframems = I_GetTimeMicros();
}



// ========================
// !!! PUBLIC FUNCTIONS !!!
// ========================

//
// GIF_open
// opens a new file for writing.
//
INT32 GIF_open(const char *filename)
{
	gif_out = fopen(filename, "wb");
	if (!gif_out)
		return 0;

	gif_optimize = (!!cv_gif_optimize.value);
	gif_downscale = (!!cv_gif_downscale.value);
	gif_dynamicdelay = (!!cv_gif_dynamicdelay.value);
	gif_localcolortable = (!!cv_gif_localcolortable.value);
	gif_colorprofile = (!!cv_screenshot_colorprofile.value);
	gif_headerpalette = GIF_getpalette(0);

	GIF_headwrite();
	gif_frames = 0;
	gif_prevframems = I_GetTimeMicros();
	return 1;
}

//
// GIF_frame
// writes a frame into the output gif
//
void GIF_frame(void)
{
	// there's not much actually needed here, is there.
	GIF_framewrite();
}

//
// GIF_close
// closes output GIF
//
INT32 GIF_close(void)
{
	if (!gif_out)
		return 0;

	// final terminator.
	fwrite(";", 1, 1, gif_out);
	fclose(gif_out);
	gif_out = NULL;

	if (gifbwr_buf)
		Z_Free(gifbwr_buf);
	gifbwr_buf = gifbwr_cur = NULL;

	if (gifframe_data)
		Z_Free(gifframe_data);
	gifframe_data = NULL;

	if (giflzw_hashTable)
		Z_Free(giflzw_hashTable);
	giflzw_hashTable = NULL;

	CONS_Printf(M_GetText("Animated gif closed; wrote %d frames\n"), gif_frames);
	return 1;
}
#endif //ifdef HAVE_ANIGIF