// vm.c -- virtual machine /* intermix code and data symbol table a dll has one imported function: VM_SystemCall and one exported function: Perform */ //Anything above this #include will be ignored by the compiler #include "../qcommon/exe_headers.h" #include "vm_local.h" #ifdef CRAZY_SYMBOL_MAP symbolVMMap_t g_vmMap; symbolMap_t *g_symbolMap; #endif vm_t *currentVM = NULL; // bk001212 vm_t *lastVM = NULL; // bk001212 int vm_debugLevel; #define MAX_VM 3 vm_t vmTable[MAX_VM]; void VM_VmInfo_f( void ); void VM_VmProfile_f( void ); // converts a VM pointer to a C pointer and // checks to make sure that the range is acceptable void *VM_VM2C( vmptr_t p, int length ) { return (void *)p; } void VM_Debug( int level ) { vm_debugLevel = level; } /* ============== VM_Init ============== */ void VM_Init( void ) { Cvar_Get( "vm_cgame", "0", CVAR_SYSTEMINFO|CVAR_ARCHIVE ); // default to DLLs now instead. Our VMs are getting too HUGE. Cvar_Get( "vm_game", "0", CVAR_SYSTEMINFO|CVAR_ARCHIVE ); // Cvar_Get( "vm_ui", "0", CVAR_SYSTEMINFO|CVAR_ARCHIVE ); // //client wants to know if the server is using vm's for certain modules, //so if pure we can force the same method (be it vm or dll) -rww Cmd_AddCommand ("vmprofile", VM_VmProfile_f ); Cmd_AddCommand ("vminfo", VM_VmInfo_f ); Com_Memset( vmTable, 0, sizeof( vmTable ) ); } /* =============== VM_ValueToSymbol Assumes a program counter value =============== */ const char *VM_ValueToSymbol( vm_t *vm, int value ) { vmSymbol_t *sym; static char text[MAX_TOKEN_CHARS]; #ifdef CRAZY_SYMBOL_MAP sym = (*g_symbolMap)[value]; if (!sym) { #endif sym = vm->symbols; if ( !sym ) { return "NO SYMBOLS"; } // find the symbol while ( sym->next && sym->next->symValue <= value ) { sym = sym->next; } #ifdef CRAZY_SYMBOL_MAP if (sym) { //for instant recollection next time (*g_symbolMap)[value] = sym; } } #endif if ( value == sym->symValue ) { return sym->symName; } Com_sprintf( text, sizeof( text ), "%s+%i", sym->symName, value - sym->symValue ); return text; } /* =============== VM_ValueToFunctionSymbol For profiling, find the symbol behind this value =============== */ vmSymbol_t *VM_ValueToFunctionSymbol( vm_t *vm, int value ) { vmSymbol_t *sym; static vmSymbol_t nullSym; #ifdef CRAZY_SYMBOL_MAP sym = (*g_symbolMap)[value]; if ( !sym ) { #endif sym = vm->symbols; if ( !sym ) { return &nullSym; } while ( sym->next && sym->next->symValue <= value ) { sym = sym->next; } #ifdef CRAZY_SYMBOL_MAP if (sym) { //for instant recollection next time (*g_symbolMap)[value] = sym; } } #endif return sym; } /* =============== VM_SymbolToValue =============== */ int VM_SymbolToValue( vm_t *vm, const char *symbol ) { vmSymbol_t *sym; for ( sym = vm->symbols ; sym ; sym = sym->next ) { if ( !strcmp( symbol, sym->symName ) ) { return sym->symValue; } } return 0; } /* ===================== VM_SymbolForCompiledPointer ===================== */ const char *VM_SymbolForCompiledPointer( vm_t *vm, void *code ) { int i; if ( code < (void *)vm->codeBase ) { return "Before code block"; } if ( code >= (void *)(vm->codeBase + vm->codeLength) ) { return "After code block"; } // find which original instruction it is after for ( i = 0 ; i < vm->codeLength ; i++ ) { if ( (void *)vm->instructionPointers[i] > code ) { break; } } i--; // now look up the bytecode instruction pointer #ifdef CRAZY_SYMBOL_MAP VM_SetSymbolMap(vm); #endif return VM_ValueToSymbol( vm, i ); } /* =============== ParseHex =============== */ int ParseHex( const char *text ) { int value; int c; value = 0; while ( ( c = *text++ ) != 0 ) { if ( c >= '0' && c <= '9' ) { value = value * 16 + c - '0'; continue; } if ( c >= 'a' && c <= 'f' ) { value = value * 16 + 10 + c - 'a'; continue; } if ( c >= 'A' && c <= 'F' ) { value = value * 16 + 10 + c - 'A'; continue; } } return value; } /* =============== VM_Alloc Convenience function for changing the way VMs are allocated. =============== */ void *VM_Alloc( int size ) { return Hunk_Alloc(size, h_high); //return Z_Malloc(size, TAG_ALL, qtrue); } /* =============== VM_LoadSymbols =============== */ void VM_LoadSymbols( vm_t *vm ) { int len; char *mapfile, *token; const char *text_p; char name[MAX_QPATH]; char symbols[MAX_QPATH]; vmSymbol_t **prev, *sym; int count; int value; int chars; int segment; int numInstructions; // don't load symbols if not developer if ( !com_developer->integer ) { return; } COM_StripExtension( vm->name, name, sizeof(name) ); Com_sprintf( symbols, sizeof( symbols ), "vm/%s.map", name ); len = FS_ReadFile( symbols, (void **)&mapfile ); if ( !mapfile ) { Com_Printf( "Couldn't load symbol file: %s\n", symbols ); return; } numInstructions = vm->instructionPointersLength >> 2; // parse the symbols text_p = mapfile; prev = &vm->symbols; count = 0; #ifdef CRAZY_SYMBOL_MAP VM_SetSymbolMap(vm); #endif while ( 1 ) { token = COM_Parse( &text_p ); if ( !token[0] ) { break; } segment = ParseHex( token ); if ( segment ) { COM_Parse( &text_p ); COM_Parse( &text_p ); continue; // only load code segment values } token = COM_Parse( &text_p ); if ( !token[0] ) { Com_Printf( "WARNING: incomplete line at end of file\n" ); break; } value = ParseHex( token ); token = COM_Parse( &text_p ); if ( !token[0] ) { Com_Printf( "WARNING: incomplete line at end of file\n" ); break; } chars = strlen( token ); sym = (struct vmSymbol_s *)VM_Alloc( sizeof( *sym ) + chars ); *prev = sym; prev = &sym->next; sym->next = NULL; // convert value from an instruction number to a code offset if ( value >= 0 && value < numInstructions ) { value = vm->instructionPointers[value]; } sym->symValue = value; Q_strncpyz( sym->symName, token, chars + 1 ); #ifdef CRAZY_SYMBOL_MAP (*g_symbolMap)[value] = sym; #endif count++; } vm->numSymbols = count; Com_Printf( "%i symbols parsed from %s\n", count, symbols ); FS_FreeFile( mapfile ); } /* ============ VM_DllSyscall Dlls will call this directly rcg010206 The horror; the horror. The syscall mechanism relies on stack manipulation to get it's args. This is likely due to C's inability to pass "..." parameters to a function in one clean chunk. On PowerPC Linux, these parameters are not necessarily passed on the stack, so while (&arg[0] == arg) is true, (&arg[1] == 2nd function parameter) is not necessarily accurate, as arg's value might have been stored to the stack or other piece of scratch memory to give it a valid address, but the next parameter might still be sitting in a register. Quake's syscall system also assumes that the stack grows downward, and that any needed types can be squeezed, safely, into a signed int. This hack below copies all needed values for an argument to a array in memory, so that Quake can get the correct values. This can also be used on systems where the stack grows upwards, as the presumably standard and safe stdargs.h macros are used. As for having enough space in a signed int for your datatypes, well, it might be better to wait for DOOM 3 before you start porting. :) The original code, while probably still inherently dangerous, seems to work well enough for the platforms it already works on. Rather than add the performance hit for those platforms, the original code is still in use there. For speed, we just grab 15 arguments, and don't worry about exactly how many the syscall actually needs; the extra is thrown away. ============ */ int QDECL VM_DllSyscall( int arg, ... ) { #if ((defined __linux__) && (defined __powerpc__)) // rcg010206 - see commentary above int args[16]; int i; va_list ap; args[0] = arg; va_start(ap, arg); for (i = 1; i < sizeof (args) / sizeof (args[i]); i++) args[i] = va_arg(ap, int); va_end(ap); return currentVM->systemCall( args ); #else // original id code return currentVM->systemCall( &arg ); #endif } /* ================= VM_Restart Reload the data, but leave everything else in place This allows a server to do a map_restart without changing memory allocation ================= */ vm_t *VM_Restart( vm_t *vm ) { vmHeader_t *header; int length; int dataLength; int i; char filename[MAX_QPATH]; // DLL's can't be restarted in place if ( vm->dllHandle ) { char name[MAX_QPATH]; int (*systemCall)( int *parms ); systemCall = vm->systemCall; Q_strncpyz( name, vm->name, sizeof( name ) ); VM_Free( vm ); vm = VM_Create( name, systemCall, VMI_NATIVE ); return vm; } // load the image Com_Printf( "VM_Restart()\n", filename ); Com_sprintf( filename, sizeof(filename), "vm/%s.qvm", vm->name ); Com_Printf( "Loading vm file %s.\n", filename ); length = FS_ReadFile( filename, (void **)&header ); if ( !header ) { Com_Error( ERR_DROP, "VM_Restart failed.\n" ); } // byte swap the header for ( i = 0 ; i < sizeof( *header ) / 4 ; i++ ) { ((int *)header)[i] = LittleLong( ((int *)header)[i] ); } // validate if ( header->vmMagic != VM_MAGIC || header->bssLength < 0 || header->dataLength < 0 || header->litLength < 0 || header->codeLength <= 0 ) { VM_Free( vm ); Com_Error( ERR_FATAL, "%s has bad header", filename ); } // round up to next power of 2 so all data operations can // be mask protected dataLength = header->dataLength + header->litLength + header->bssLength; for ( i = 0 ; dataLength > ( 1 << i ) ; i++ ) { } dataLength = 1 << i; // clear the data Com_Memset( vm->dataBase, 0, dataLength ); // copy the intialized data Com_Memcpy( vm->dataBase, (byte *)header + header->dataOffset, header->dataLength + header->litLength ); // byte swap the longs for ( i = 0 ; i < header->dataLength ; i += 4 ) { *(int *)(vm->dataBase + i) = LittleLong( *(int *)(vm->dataBase + i ) ); } // free the original file FS_FreeFile( header ); return vm; } /* ================ VM_Create If image ends in .qvm it will be interpreted, otherwise it will attempt to load as a system dll ================ */ #define STACK_SIZE 0x20000 vm_t *VM_Create( const char *module, int (*systemCalls)(int *), vmInterpret_t interpret ) { vm_t *vm; vmHeader_t *header; int length; int dataLength; int i; char filename[MAX_QPATH]; if ( !module || !module[0] || !systemCalls ) { Com_Error( ERR_FATAL, "VM_Create: bad parms" ); } // see if we already have the VM for ( i = 0 ; i < MAX_VM ; i++ ) { if (!Q_stricmp(vmTable[i].name, module)) { vm = &vmTable[i]; return vm; } } // find a free vm for ( i = 0 ; i < MAX_VM ; i++ ) { if ( !vmTable[i].name[0] ) { break; } } if ( i == MAX_VM ) { Com_Error( ERR_FATAL, "VM_Create: no free vm_t" ); } vm = &vmTable[i]; Q_strncpyz( vm->name, module, sizeof( vm->name ) ); vm->systemCall = systemCalls; // never allow dll loading with a demo if ( interpret == VMI_NATIVE ) { if ( Cvar_VariableValue( "fs_restrict" ) ) { interpret = VMI_COMPILED; } } if ( interpret == VMI_NATIVE ) { // try to load as a system dll Com_Printf( "Loading dll file %s.\n", vm->name ); vm->dllHandle = Sys_LoadDll( module, &vm->entryPoint, VM_DllSyscall ); if ( vm->dllHandle ) { return vm; } Com_Printf( "Failed to load dll, looking for qvm.\n" ); interpret = VMI_COMPILED; } // load the image Com_sprintf( filename, sizeof(filename), "vm/%s.qvm", vm->name ); Com_Printf( "Loading vm file %s.\n", filename ); length = FS_ReadFile( filename, (void **)&header ); if ( !header ) { Com_Printf( "Failed.\n" ); VM_Free( vm ); return NULL; } // byte swap the header for ( i = 0 ; i < sizeof( *header ) / 4 ; i++ ) { ((int *)header)[i] = LittleLong( ((int *)header)[i] ); } // validate if ( header->vmMagic != VM_MAGIC || header->bssLength < 0 || header->dataLength < 0 || header->litLength < 0 || header->codeLength <= 0 ) { VM_Free( vm ); Com_Error( ERR_FATAL, "%s has bad header", filename ); } // round up to next power of 2 so all data operations can // be mask protected dataLength = header->dataLength + header->litLength + header->bssLength; for ( i = 0 ; dataLength > ( 1 << i ) ; i++ ) { } dataLength = 1 << i; // allocate zero filled space for initialized and uninitialized data vm->dataBase = (unsigned char *)VM_Alloc( dataLength ); vm->dataMask = dataLength - 1; // copy the intialized data Com_Memcpy( vm->dataBase, (byte *)header + header->dataOffset, header->dataLength + header->litLength ); // byte swap the longs for ( i = 0 ; i < header->dataLength ; i += 4 ) { *(int *)(vm->dataBase + i) = LittleLong( *(int *)(vm->dataBase + i ) ); } // allocate space for the jump targets, which will be filled in by the compile/prep functions vm->instructionPointersLength = header->instructionCount * 4; vm->instructionPointers = (int *)VM_Alloc( vm->instructionPointersLength ); // copy or compile the instructions vm->codeLength = header->codeLength; if ( interpret >= VMI_COMPILED ) { vm->compiled = qtrue; VM_Compile( vm, header ); } else { vm->compiled = qfalse; VM_PrepareInterpreter( vm, header ); } // free the original file FS_FreeFile( header ); // load the map file VM_LoadSymbols( vm ); // the stack is implicitly at the end of the image vm->programStack = vm->dataMask + 1; vm->stackBottom = vm->programStack - STACK_SIZE; return vm; } /* ============== VM_Free ============== */ void VM_Free( vm_t *vm ) { if ( vm->dllHandle ) { Sys_UnloadDll( vm->dllHandle ); Com_Memset( vm, 0, sizeof( *vm ) ); } #if 0 // now automatically freed by hunk if ( vm->codeBase ) { Z_Free( vm->codeBase ); } if ( vm->dataBase ) { Z_Free( vm->dataBase ); } if ( vm->instructionPointers ) { Z_Free( vm->instructionPointers ); } #endif Com_Memset( vm, 0, sizeof( *vm ) ); currentVM = NULL; lastVM = NULL; } void VM_Clear(void) { int i; for (i=0;ientryPoint ) { return (void *)(currentVM->dataBase + intValue); } else { return (void *)(currentVM->dataBase + (intValue & currentVM->dataMask)); } } extern vm_t *gvm; void *BotVMShift( int ptr ) { if ( !ptr ) { return NULL; } if (!gvm) { //always using the game vm here. return NULL; } if ( gvm->entryPoint ) { return (void *)(gvm->dataBase + ptr); } else { return (void *)(gvm->dataBase + (ptr & gvm->dataMask)); } } void VM_Shifted_Alloc(void **ptr, int size) { void *mem; if (!currentVM) { assert(0); *ptr = NULL; return; } //first allocate our desired memory, up front mem = Z_Malloc(size+1, TAG_VM_ALLOCATED, qfalse); if (!mem) { assert(0); *ptr = NULL; return; } memset(mem, 0, size+1); //This can happen.. if a free chunk of memory is found before the vm alloc pointer, commonly happens //when allocating like 4 bytes or whatever. However it seems to actually be handled which I didn't //think it would be.. so hey. #if 0 if ((int)mem < (int)currentVM->dataBase) { assert(!"Unspeakably bad thing has occured (mem ptr < vm base ptr)"); *ptr = NULL; return; } #endif //Alright, subtract the database from the memory pointer to get a memory address relative to the VM. //When the VM modifies it it should be modifying the same chunk of memory we have allocated in the engine. *ptr = (void *)((int)mem - (int)currentVM->dataBase); } void VM_Shifted_Free(void **ptr) { void *mem; if (!currentVM) { assert(0); return; } //Shift the VM memory pointer back to get the same pointer we initially allocated in real memory space. mem = (void *)((int)currentVM->dataBase + (int)*ptr); if (!mem) { assert(0); return; } Z_Free(mem); *ptr = NULL; //go ahead and clear the pointer for the game. } void *VM_ExplicitArgPtr( vm_t *vm, int intValue ) { if ( !intValue ) { return NULL; } // bk010124 - currentVM is missing on reconnect here as well? if ( currentVM==NULL ) return NULL; // if ( vm->entryPoint ) { return (void *)(vm->dataBase + intValue); } else { return (void *)(vm->dataBase + (intValue & vm->dataMask)); } } /* ============== VM_Call Upon a system call, the stack will look like: sp+32 parm1 sp+28 parm0 sp+24 return value sp+20 return address sp+16 local1 sp+14 local0 sp+12 arg1 sp+8 arg0 sp+4 return stack sp return address An interpreted function will immediately execute an OP_ENTER instruction, which will subtract space for locals from sp ============== */ #define MAX_STACK 256 #define STACK_MASK (MAX_STACK-1) int QDECL VM_Call( vm_t *vm, int callnum, ... ) { vm_t *oldVM; int r; int i; int args[16]; va_list ap; if ( !vm ) { Com_Error( ERR_FATAL, "VM_Call with NULL vm" ); } oldVM = currentVM; currentVM = vm; lastVM = vm; if ( vm_debugLevel ) { Com_Printf( "VM_Call( %i )\n", callnum ); } // if we have a dll loaded, call it directly if ( vm->entryPoint ) { //rcg010207 - see dissertation at top of VM_DllSyscall() in this file. va_start(ap, callnum); for (i = 0; i < sizeof (args) / sizeof (args[i]); i++) { args[i] = va_arg(ap, int); } va_end(ap); r = vm->entryPoint( callnum, args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5], args[6], args[7], args[8], args[9], args[10], args[11], args[12], args[13], args[14], args[15]); } else if ( vm->compiled ) { r = VM_CallCompiled( vm, &callnum ); } else { r = VM_CallInterpreted( vm, &callnum ); } if ( oldVM != NULL ) // bk001220 - assert(currentVM!=NULL) for oldVM==NULL currentVM = oldVM; return r; } //================================================================= static int QDECL VM_ProfileSort( const void *a, const void *b ) { vmSymbol_t *sa, *sb; sa = *(vmSymbol_t **)a; sb = *(vmSymbol_t **)b; if ( sa->profileCount < sb->profileCount ) { return -1; } if ( sa->profileCount > sb->profileCount ) { return 1; } return 0; } /* ============== VM_VmProfile_f ============== */ void VM_VmProfile_f( void ) { vm_t *vm; vmSymbol_t **sorted, *sym; int i; double total; if ( !lastVM ) { return; } vm = lastVM; if ( !vm->numSymbols ) { return; } sorted = (struct vmSymbol_s **)Z_Malloc( vm->numSymbols * sizeof( *sorted ), TAG_VM, qtrue ); sorted[0] = vm->symbols; total = sorted[0]->profileCount; for ( i = 1 ; i < vm->numSymbols ; i++ ) { sorted[i] = sorted[i-1]->next; total += sorted[i]->profileCount; } qsort( sorted, vm->numSymbols, sizeof( *sorted ), VM_ProfileSort ); for ( i = 0 ; i < vm->numSymbols ; i++ ) { int perc; sym = sorted[i]; perc = 100 * (float) sym->profileCount / total; Com_Printf( "%2i%% %9i %s\n", perc, sym->profileCount, sym->symName ); sym->profileCount = 0; } Com_Printf(" %9.0f total\n", total ); Z_Free( sorted ); } /* ============== VM_VmInfo_f ============== */ void VM_VmInfo_f( void ) { vm_t *vm; int i; Com_Printf( "Registered virtual machines:\n" ); for ( i = 0 ; i < MAX_VM ; i++ ) { vm = &vmTable[i]; if ( !vm->name[0] ) { break; } Com_Printf( "%s : ", vm->name ); if ( vm->dllHandle ) { Com_Printf( "native\n" ); continue; } if ( vm->compiled ) { Com_Printf( "compiled on load\n" ); } else { Com_Printf( "interpreted\n" ); } Com_Printf( " code length : %7i\n", vm->codeLength ); Com_Printf( " table length: %7i\n", vm->instructionPointersLength ); Com_Printf( " data length : %7i\n", vm->dataMask + 1 ); } } /* =============== VM_LogSyscalls Insert calls to this while debugging the vm compiler =============== */ void VM_LogSyscalls( int *args ) { static int callnum; static FILE *f; if ( !f ) { f = fopen("syscalls.log", "w" ); } callnum++; fprintf(f, "%i: %i (%i) = %i %i %i %i\n", callnum, args - (int *)currentVM->dataBase, args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4] ); } #ifdef oDLL_ONLY // bk010215 - for DLL_ONLY dedicated servers/builds w/o VM int VM_CallCompiled( vm_t *vm, int *args ) { return(0); } void VM_Compile( vm_t *vm, vmHeader_t *header ) {} #endif // DLL_ONLY