\input texinfo  @c -*-texinfo-*-
@setfilename coding-standards.info
@set DATE 26 Jun 1996

@ifinfo
@format
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* Coding: (coding).           Coding Standards for GNUstep Libraries
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
@end format
@end ifinfo

@ifinfo
Copyright @copyright{} 1997 Free Software Foundation

Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
are preserved on all copies.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that
the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
permission notice identical to this one.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
@end ifinfo

@setchapternewpage odd
@settitle Coding Standards for GNUstep Libraries
@titlepage
@finalout
@title Coding Standards for GNUstep Libraries
@flushright
@value{DATE}
@end flushright
@author Adam Fedor
@page

@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
Copyright @copyright{} 1997 Free Software Foundation

Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
are preserved on all copies.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that
the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
permission notice identical to this one.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
@end titlepage


@node Top, Introduction, (dir), (dir)
@top Coding Standards

@menu
* Introduction::                
* Error Handling::              
@end menu

@c ******************************************************************
@node Introduction, Error Handling, Top, Top
@section Introduction

This document explains the official coding standards which developers
for GNUstep base should follow. Note that these standards are in addition
to GNU coding standards, not a replacement of them.

@c ******************************************************************
@node Error Handling,  , Introduction, Top
@section Error Handling


Initialization methods (e.g. -init) should, upon failure to
initialize the class, deallocate itself and return nil. This may mean
in certain cases, that it should catch exceptions, since the calling
method will be expecting a nil object rather than an exception on
failure. However, init methods should endeavor to provide some
information, via NSLog, on the failure.

All other methods should cause an exception on failure*, unless
returning nil is a valid response (e.g. [dictionary
objectForKey: nil]) or if documented otherwise.

Failure here is a relative term. I'd interpret failure to occur when
either system resources have been exceeded, an operation was performed
on invalid data, or a required precondition was not met.
On the other hand, passing a nil object as a parameter (as in
[(NSMutableData *)data appendData: nil]), or other "unusual"
requests should succeed in a reasonable manner (or return nil, if
appropriate) and/or reasonable default values could be used.

If an error is recoverable or it does not damage the internal state of
an object, it's ok not to raise an error. At the very least, though, a message
should be printed through NSLog.

Special care should be taken in methods that create resources like
allocate memory or open files or obtain general system resources (locks,
shared memory etc.) from the kernel. If an exception is generated
between the allocation of the resource and its disposal, the resource
will be simply lost without any possibility to release. The code should
check for exceptions and if something bad occurs it should release all
the allocated resources and reraise the exception.

Unfortunately there is no nice way to do this automatically in OpenStep.
Java has the "finally" block which is specifically designed for this task. A
similar mechanism exists in libFoundation with the CLEANUP and FINALLY
blocks.

@bye