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Updated for rewriting of the tool
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nico
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@ -13,164 +13,252 @@
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The GNUstep HTML linker is able to fixup links from one HTML
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document to other HTML ones. By link we mean the standard
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<code><a href="NSString.html"></code> tag. By fixing up a
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link we mean to modify the path in the <code>href</code> so that
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it points to the actual file on disk. For example, if you have
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the file <code>NSString.html</code> in the directory
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<code>/home/nicola/Doc</code>, when the linker fixes up the
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<code><a href="NSString.html"></code> link, it will replace
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it with <code><a
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href="/home/nicola/Doc/NSString.html"></code>.
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<code><a href="NSString.html#DescriptionOfNSString"></code>
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tag. By fixing up a link we mean to modify the path in the
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<code>href</code> so that it points to the actual file on disk.
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For example, if you the <code>DescriptionOfNSString</code>
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location is in the file <code>NSStringOverview.html</code> in the
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directory <code>/home/nicola/Doc</code>, when the linker fixes up
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the <code><a
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href="NSString.html#DescriptionOfNSString"></code> link, it
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will replace it with <code><a
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href="/home/nicola/Doc/NSStringOverview.html#DescriptionOfNSString"></code>.
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Please note that when fixing up the link, the linker modifies both
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the path and the file name that the link points to, but not the
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location inside the file (the <code>DescriptionOfNSString</code>
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in the example).
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<h4>Example</h4>
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<h4>Practical Usage of the linker</h4>
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Say that you have a collection of HTML files, all in the same
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directory, with working links from one file to the other one. Now
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you move the files around, scattering them in many directories -
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of course the links no longer work! By running the HTML linker on
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the files, the HTML linker will modify all links inside the files,
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resolving each of them to point to the actual full path of the
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required file. The links will work again.
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The typical usage of the linker is with maintaining
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cross-references in software documentation. You need to establish
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some sort of convention used by all your software documentation
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for the link names. For example, suppose that your documentation
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is about C libraries. For each C function, you might decide to
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tag its documentation in the files with the name
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<code>function$function_name</code>. For example, the place in
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the doc where it documents the <code>start_library()</code>
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function would have the HTML tag <code><a
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name="function$start_library"></code>. Having established this
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convention, in any HTML file in your documentation in which you
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want to create a link to the documentation for the
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<code>start_library()</code> function, you use the code
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<code><a rel="dynamic"
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href="#function$start_library"></code> (please note that you
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ignore the problem of locating the actual file which contains the
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documentation for the <code>start_library()</code> function, that
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is precisely what the linker will do for you). Whenever you
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install the documentation for a new project, you first create a
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relocation file for the project documentation, by running
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<pre>
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HTMLLinker -BuildRelocationFileForDir Documentation
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</pre>
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if for example the project documentation is in the
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<code>Documentation</code> subdirectory. This will create a
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<code>Documentation/table.htmlink</code> file, which contains a
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list of all names found in the project documentation, and for each
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of them, the file in which it's found. Then, you install the
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project documentation (say for example that it's installed into
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<code>/opt/gnustep/Local/Documentation/MyProject</code>), and once
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it's installed, you can run the linker to update all links so that
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they point to the actual files
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<pre>
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HTMLLinker /opt/gnustep/Local/Documentation/MyProject \
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-l /opt/gnustep/Local/Documentation/MyProject \
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-l /opt/gnustep/Local/Documentation/MyOtherProject
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</pre>
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This will fixup all links in <code>MyProject</code>'s HTML files
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by using the relocation files of both <code>MyProject</code> and
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<code>MyOtherProject</code>, so all links to anything which is
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documented inside those files will be generated correctly.
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<h4>Real world usage of the linker</h4>
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<h4>Usage of the tool with autogsdoc</h4>
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In the real world, it's more complicated than this because you
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normally put the HTML files across different directories from the
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very beginning. The HTML linker becomes helpful because you can
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create links between these files as if they were in the same
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directory ... and then - only at the end - run the HTML linker to
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actually fixup the links and make them work. If you move around
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the files or mess in any way with their paths, you can always
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fixup the links afterwards by rerunning the linker - you don't
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need to regenerate the HTML files.
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You can use the tool with documentation generated by autogsdoc to
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perform the linking (or to relink it). Make sure to use the option
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<code>-LinksMarker gsdoc</code> because autogsdoc marks the links
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to be fixed up by the linker by using <code>rel="gsdoc"</code>.
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<h3>Specification</h3>
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<h4>Input and destination files</h4>
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<h4>Modes of operation</h4>
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The HTML linker works in two phases:
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The HTML linker uses <em>input files</em> and <em>destination
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files</em>. Both type of files are always supposed to be HTML
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files. Input files are modified by the linker during the run
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(they have their links fixed up), while destination files are only
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read (and sometime not even read). When the HTML linker is run,
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it first prepares the list of input files and destination files
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from the arguments on the command line. Then, it reads each input
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file from disk in turn. It examines all links in the file, and
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replaces the file with a new version of the file where all links
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have been fixed up.
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<ul>
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<h4>Specifying input and destination files</h4>
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<li> The first (called <i>generation of the relocation
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table</i>) preprocesses a given set of HTML files so that it can
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be the destination of links. It builds a relocation table for
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the given set of HTML files. This relocation table simply maps
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all names (as in <code><a name="xxx"></code>) in the files
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to the file in which the name is found. The HTML files are not
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touched. The linker is able to merge this dynamically generated
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relocation table with pregenerated relocation tables loaded from
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files (called <i>relocation files</i>).
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</li>
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<li> The second (called <i>linking</i>) links a given file to
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the available HTML files on disk, by using the relocation table
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to modify the HTML links in the file so that they point to
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existing files.
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</li>
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</ul>
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The HTML linker can also be run in a special mode, to generate a
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relocation file for later reuse. In this mode, the HTML linker
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will build the relocation table for all files in a directory, then
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save the relocation table into a <code>table.htmlink</code> file
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in that directory for later reuse.
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There are three kinds of files:
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<ul>
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<li>
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<em>input files</em>: these are HTML files which are modified
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as a consequence of linking; they have their links fixed up.
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</li>
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<li>
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<em>destination files</em>: these are HTML files which are
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read to produce relocation tables.
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</li>
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<li>
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<em>relocation files</em>: these files are not HTML files -
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they are only created and read by the linker (unless you have
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a tool which can manage them), and are in a specific - very
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simple - format. They are used to save relocation information
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for later reuse, so that the linker can run faster. Normally,
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they have a <code>.htmlink</code> extension.
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h4>Linker behaviour</h4>
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The linker keeps a main relocation table, which is empty at the
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beginning. When run, the linker performs the following steps:
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<ol>
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<li>
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the linker reads and parses all relocation files specified on
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the command line, and merges the relocation tables found there
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into the main relocation table.
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</li>
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<li>
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the linker reads and parses all destination files specified on
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the command line, and builds a relocation table for them,
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merging it into the main relocation table.
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</li>
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<li>
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if any input files are specified on the command line, the
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linker links the files using the relocation table.
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</li>
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</ol>
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<h4>Specifying input, destination and relocation files</h4>
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All command line arguments which do not begin with a hypen
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(<code>-</code>), and which are not the values of defaults (for
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example, not the <code>YES</code> in <code>-CheckLinks YES</code>,
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because that is the value of the default
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<code>-CheckLinks</code>), are interpreted as input files if they
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come before the <code>--Destinations</code> argument, and as
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destination files if they come after it. If a directory is
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specified as an input (or destination) file, the linker will
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recurse into the directory and add to the list of input (or
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destination) files all files in the directory (and in the
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directory's subdirectories, no matter how deeply nested) which
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have one of the following extensions: <code>.html</code>,
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<code>.HTML</code>, <code>.htm</code> or <code>.HTM</code>. The
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<code>--Destinations</code> argument ends the list of input files,
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and is followed by the list of destination files. A typical
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invocation of the linker might be as follows:
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example, not the <code>YES</code> in <code>-Warn YES</code>,
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because that is the value of the default <code>-Warn</code>), are
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interpreted as input files. Each destination file is specified by
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using a <code>-d</code> option, and each relocation file by using
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a <code>-l</code> option. If a directory is specified as an input
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(or destination) file, the linker will recurse into the directory
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and add to the list of input (or destination) files all files in
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the directory (and in the directory's subdirectories, no matter
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how deeply nested) which have one of the following extensions:
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<code>.html</code>, <code>.HTML</code>, <code>.htm</code> or
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<code>.HTM</code>. If a directory is specified as a relocation
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file, the linker will add to the list of relocation files all
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files in the directory which have the extension
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<code>.htmlink</code>. A typical invocation of the linker is as
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follows:
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<pre>
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HTMLLinker myfile.html --Destinations /usr/GNUstep/System/Documentation
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HTMLLinker -BuildRelocationFileForDir Doc
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</pre>
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this invokes the linker with a single input file,
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<code>myfile.html</code>, and all the HTML files inside the
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<code>/usr/GNUstep/System/Documentation</code> directory as
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destination files.
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Builds a relocation file for the documentation in the
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directory <code>Doc</code>. After this has been done, the
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directory <code>Doc</code> can be used as a <code>-l</code>
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argument.
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<pre>
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HTMLLinker test.html -l Doc
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</pre>
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Links the file <code>test.html</code> using the relocation file
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just generated in the <code>Doc</code> directory.
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<h4>What is a link</h4>
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A link is an anchor tag with and <code>href</code>, such as
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<code><a href="dest.html#location"></code>. The destination
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file of the link is the file specified in the <code>href</code>;
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<code>dest.html</code> in the example. If the link contains a
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path to the file, for example <code><a
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href="/nicola/Documentation/dest.html#location"></code>, the
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path is ignored, so this link is considered by the linker to be
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exactly the same as <code><a
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href="dest.html#location></code>.
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<code>dest.html</code> in the example. The destination file is
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ignored by the linker; the name of the link (which is everything which
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follows the <code>#</code>) is used to perform the linking.
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<h4>Which links are fixed up</h4>
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Normally, the linker will only fixup links which have the
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<code>rel</code> attribute set to <code>dynamical</code>, as in
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the following example: <code><a href="nicola.html"
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rel="dynamical"></code>. In this way, you can specify in your
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<code>rel</code> attribute set to <code>dynamic</code>, as in the
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following example: <code><a href="nicola.html"
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rel="dynamic"></code>. In this way, you can specify in your
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HTML document which links you want to be fixed up, and which you
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don't want to be. But in certain situations you might want to
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force the linker to attempt to fixup all links; you can run the
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linker with the <code>-CheckAllLinks YES</code> option to cause
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this behaviour. As a special exception, links which obviously are
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not to be fixed up, such as links beginning with <i>mailto:</i> or
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<i>news:</i>, and links without a filename (which means they refer
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to the same file they are in) are never fixed up.
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don't want to be. You can change the type of links to be fixed up
|
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by using the <code>-LinksMarker</code> options, as in
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<code>-LinksMarker gsdoc</code>, which causes the linker to fixup
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all links with the <code>rel</code> attribute set to
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<code>gsdoc</code> rather than <code>dynamic</code>. In certain
|
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situations you might want to force the linker to attempt to fixup
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all links; you can run the linker with the <code>-FixupAllLinks
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YES</code> option to cause this behaviour. As a special
|
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exception, links which obviously are not to be fixed up, such as
|
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links beginning with <i>mailto:</i> or <i>news:</i>, or links
|
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without a name, are never fixed up.
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<h4>How links are fixed up </h4>
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When the HTML linker encounters a link which needs to be fixed up
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(say <code><a href="dest.html#location"></code>), it
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searches the list of destination files for a file with the same
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name as the destination file of the link. If no such file is
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searches the relocation table for a destination file which
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contains the <code>location</code> name. If no such file is
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found, the HTML linker emits a warning, and replaces the link in
|
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the file with a link to the pathless filename. In the example, it
|
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would simply emit <code><a
|
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href="dest.html#location"></code>. If the destination file is
|
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found in the list, instead, the HTML linker replaces the link with
|
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the full path to the destination file on disk. For example, if
|
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there is a <code>/home/nicola/Doc/dest.html</code> destination
|
||||
file, the HTML linker will fixup the link to be <code><a
|
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href="/home/nicola/Doc/dest.html#location"></code> (as a
|
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special exception, if there is a path mapping which matches the
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path to the destination file, it's applied to the path in the
|
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the file with a link to the destination without the filename. In
|
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the example, it would simply emit <code><a
|
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href="#location"></code>. If the destination file is found in
|
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the list, instead, the HTML linker replaces the link with the full
|
||||
path to the destination file on disk. For example, if - according
|
||||
to the relocation table, the file
|
||||
<code>/home/nicola/Doc/dest.html</code> contains the name
|
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<code>location</code>, the HTML linker will fixup the link to be
|
||||
<code><a href="/home/nicola/Doc/dest.html#location"></code>
|
||||
(as a special exception, if there is a path mapping which matches
|
||||
the path to the destination file, it's applied to the path in the
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||||
link. See below for a detailed explanation of path mappings).
|
||||
It's important to notice that you must have unique filenames for
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It's important to notice that you must have unique link names for
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the linker to work properly. For example, if you have two
|
||||
different destination files with the same name, say
|
||||
<code>NSObject.html</code>, then a link to
|
||||
<code>NSObject.html</code> is likely not to be properly resolved
|
||||
because the linker has no way to know if you meant the link to
|
||||
point to the first or the second destination file! You should
|
||||
choose filenames better to more uniquely specify their contents,
|
||||
for example <code>NSObject_class.html</code> and
|
||||
<code>NSObject_protocol.html</code> if the first file documents
|
||||
the NSObject class and the second one the NSObject protocol. Then
|
||||
all links will clearly refer to one file or the other one, and no
|
||||
confusion will arise. If there are multiple destination files for
|
||||
a link, the linker will guess which one is the right one, and that
|
||||
might not give the desired result.
|
||||
different destination files containing the same name, say
|
||||
<code>NSObject.html</code> and <code>NSString.html</code> both
|
||||
containing the name <code>init</code>, then the linker can't
|
||||
resolve <code><a href="#init"></code>, because it has no way
|
||||
to know if you meant the link to point to the first or the second
|
||||
destination file! You should choose names better so that they
|
||||
uniquely specify what they represent contents, for example
|
||||
<code>NSObject_i_init</code> and <code>NSString_i_init</code> if
|
||||
the first link is in the place documenting the <code>-init</code>
|
||||
method of the NSObject class and the second one the one of the
|
||||
NSString class. Then all links will clearly refer to one place or
|
||||
the other one, and no confusion will arise. If there are multiple
|
||||
destination files for a link, the linker will guess which one is
|
||||
the right one, and that might not give the desired result.
|
||||
|
||||
<h4>How links are checked</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
When a link is fixed up, the linker also performs some checking
|
||||
that the link is correct. The first basic check, which is always
|
||||
performed, is that the destination file can be resolved. A
|
||||
warning is emitted if the destination file can't be resolved - in
|
||||
this case (see above) the links can not even be fixed up, and its
|
||||
path is left unspecified. Then, if the destination file was found
|
||||
and if the linker was run with the option <code>-CheckLinks
|
||||
YES</code> (note that this option is the default, so the second
|
||||
check is normally performed unless you pass <code>-CheckLinks
|
||||
NO</code> to the linker), the linker will actually check that the
|
||||
link can be resolved. In practice, the linker checks that the
|
||||
destination file actually contains the specified named section.
|
||||
For example, consider the link <code><a
|
||||
href="dest.html#location"></code>. This link points to the
|
||||
name <code>location</code> inside the <code>dest.html</code> file.
|
||||
When checking the link, the linker will read the destination file
|
||||
<code>dest.html</code>, and parse it looking for an anchor tag
|
||||
with a name attribute set to <code>location</code> - in practice
|
||||
something like <code><a name="location"></code>. If it does
|
||||
not find it, it emits a warning. If you already know that all
|
||||
links can be resolved, you can run the linker with
|
||||
<code>-CheckLinks NO</code> skipping the parsing of destination
|
||||
files in order to get peak performance.
|
||||
When a link is fixed up, the linker implicitly checks that the link
|
||||
is correct, because if the link name can't be found in the relocation
|
||||
tables, a warning is issued.
|
||||
|
||||
<h4>Path mappings</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -214,12 +302,12 @@
|
|||
|
||||
For example, if you have the path mapping explained above, and if
|
||||
the linker is fixing up the link <code><a
|
||||
href="hi.html"></code>, where the destination file is
|
||||
href="hi.html#nicola"></code>, where the destination file is
|
||||
<code>/opt/doc/base/nicola/hi.html</code>, then the destination
|
||||
path matches the path mapping for <code>/opt/doc/base</code>, so
|
||||
the path mapping is applied and the link is fixed up to be
|
||||
<code><a href="/Base/nicola/hi.html"></code> rather than
|
||||
<code><a href="/opt/doc/base/nicola/hi.html"></code> as it
|
||||
<code><a href="/Base/nicola/hi.html#nicola"></code> rather than
|
||||
<code><a href="/opt/doc/base/nicola/hi.html#nicola"></code> as it
|
||||
would normally have been without the path mapping.
|
||||
|
||||
<h4>Specifying path mappings</h4>
|
||||
|
|
@ -266,33 +354,38 @@
|
|||
Each of the options beginning with a single hypen (<code>-</code>)
|
||||
require an argument, as in
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
HTMLLinker Documentation -CheckLinks YES --Destinations Documentation
|
||||
HTMLLinker Documentation -LinksMarker gsdoc -d Documentation
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
which sets <code>CheckLinks</code> to <code>YES</code>. The options
|
||||
might be anywhere on the command line. Options which do not begin
|
||||
with a single hypen (such as <code>--help</code>) do not require
|
||||
an argument, as in
|
||||
which sets <code>LinksMarker</code> to <code>gsdoc</code>. The
|
||||
options might be anywhere on the command line. Options which do
|
||||
not begin with a single hypen (such as <code>--help</code>) do not
|
||||
require an argument, as in
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
HTMLLinker --help
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4>-CheckLinks</h4>
|
||||
<h4>-d</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
If set to <code>YES</code> (the default) causes the linker,
|
||||
whenever it fixes up a link, to check that the destination file
|
||||
actually contains the target <code><a name=""></code> tag.
|
||||
(bug - does not manage yet the <code>id</code> attribute as per
|
||||
newer HTML specifications). You might set it to <code>NO</code>
|
||||
if you already know all links are correct, this will give you a
|
||||
performance improvement because the linker does not need to parse
|
||||
destination files to check links then.
|
||||
Followed by a destination HTML file, or a directory containing
|
||||
destination HTML files.
|
||||
|
||||
<h4>-l</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
Followed by a relocation file, or a directory containing relocation files.
|
||||
|
||||
<h4>-FixupAllLinks</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
If set to <code>NO</code> (the default) only links containing the
|
||||
<code>rel</code> attribute set to <code>dynamical</code> are fixed
|
||||
up in the input files. If set to <code>YES</code>, all links are
|
||||
fixed up.
|
||||
<code>rel</code> attribute set to <code>dynamic</code> (or
|
||||
whatever specified as <code>LinksMarkers</code>)are fixed up in
|
||||
the input files. If set to <code>YES</code>, all links are fixed
|
||||
up.
|
||||
|
||||
<h4>-LinksMarker</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
If set (and if <code>FixupAllLinks</code> is <code>NO</code>),
|
||||
only links with the <code>rel</code> attribute set to its value
|
||||
are processed. By default it is set to <code>dynamic</code>.
|
||||
|
||||
<h4>-PathMappings</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -319,19 +412,11 @@
|
|||
|
||||
Prints the version and exits.
|
||||
|
||||
<h4>--Destinations</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
Ends the list of input files and starts the list of destination
|
||||
files. All files (or directories) on the command line appearing
|
||||
before <code>--Destinations</code> are considered input files,
|
||||
while all files (or directories) after <code>--Destinations</code>
|
||||
are considered destination files.
|
||||
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<address><a href="mailto:n.pero@mi.flashnet.it">Nicola Pero</a></address>
|
||||
<!-- Created: Fri Jan 4 08:30:07 GMT 2002 -->
|
||||
<!-- hhmts start -->
|
||||
Last modified: Fri Jan 4 11:44:15 GMT 2002
|
||||
Last modified: Sun Jan 6 22:54:58 GMT 2002
|
||||
<!-- hhmts end -->
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue