2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
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2009-01-04 21:38:01 +00:00
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<!DOCTYPE gsdoc PUBLIC "-//GNUstep//DTD gsdoc 1.0.3//EN" "http://www.gnustep.org/gsdoc-1_0_3.dtd">
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2005-07-15 22:51:23 +00:00
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<!--
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Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
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are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
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notice and this notice are preserved.
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-->
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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<gsdoc base="Base">
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<head>
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<title>GNUstep Base</title>
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<author name="Richard Frith-Macdonald">
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<email address="rfm@gnu.org"/>
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<url url="http://www.gnustep.org/developers/whoiswho.html"/>
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</author>
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<version>$Revision$</version>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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2005-07-15 22:51:23 +00:00
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<copy>2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</copy>
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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</head>
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<body>
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<chapter>
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<heading>Base</heading>
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<p>
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2004-06-22 22:14:09 +00:00
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The GNUstep Base library is a free software package implementing
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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the API of the OpenStep Foundation Kit (tm), including later
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2003-01-23 10:51:51 +00:00
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additions. This documentation package describes the core of the
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2004-06-22 22:14:09 +00:00
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Base library, for documentation on additional classes, see the
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2003-01-23 10:51:51 +00:00
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BaseAdditions documentation package.
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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</p>
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2004-06-14 22:27:22 +00:00
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<p>
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Read the
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<uref url="../ReleaseNotes/ReleaseNotes.html">Release Notes</uref>
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for the current release.
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</p>
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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<section>
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<heading>Compatibility</heading>
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<p>
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GNUstep is generally compatible with the OpenStep specification and
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with recent developments of the MacOS (cocoa) API. Where MacOS
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deviates from the OpenStep API, GNUstep generally attempts to
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support both versions. In some cases the newer MacOS APIs are
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incompatible with OpenStep, and GNUstep usually supports the richer
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2003-04-04 03:56:14 +00:00
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version. See the
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2004-05-28 19:44:29 +00:00
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<uref url="../General/OpenStepCompliance.html">OpenStep Compliance</uref> section
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2003-04-04 03:56:14 +00:00
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for more information on OpenStep Compliance.
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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</p>
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<p>
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In order to deal with compatiblity issues, GNUstep uses two
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mechanisms - it provides conditionally compiled sections of
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the library header files, so that software can be built that
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will conform strictly to a particular API, and it provides
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user default settings to control the behavior of the library
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at runtime.
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</p>
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<subsect>
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<heading>Conditional compilation</heading>
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<p>
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Adding an option to a makefile to define one of the following
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preprocessor constants will modify the API visible to software
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being compiled -
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</p>
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<deflist>
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2005-06-05 05:24:45 +00:00
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<term>GS_GNUSTEP_V</term>
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<desc>
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Specifies the software version of the header being included.<br />
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Features in that header which are declared as having been
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introduced at or before the specified version, and not being
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removed until or after the specified version are available.<br />
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The version consists of five or six digits ...
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2006-12-24 09:56:46 +00:00
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a major number (0-99) followed by a minor number (00-99) and
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2006-12-24 09:52:53 +00:00
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a subminor number (00-99).<br />
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2005-06-05 05:24:45 +00:00
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Features in the header file are marked as belonging to different
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2006-08-09 12:54:57 +00:00
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version ranges using the
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<ref type="macro" id="GS_API_VERSION">GS_API_VERSION</ref>
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macro.<br />
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2005-06-05 05:24:45 +00:00
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NB. This is the <em>native</em> versioning of the library being
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used via the header file. You can use this mechanism in your
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own libraries and frameworks.
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</desc>
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<term>GS_OPENSTEP_V</term>
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<desc>
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Used only for the software version in sequence of OpenStep
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specification and the NeXT/Apple implementation of that
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specification and its extensions.<br />
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Features in the header being included which are declared
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as having been introduced at or before the specified version,
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and not being removed until or after the specified version
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are available.<br />
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The version consists of five or six digits ...
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2006-12-24 09:56:46 +00:00
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a major number (1-99) followed by a minor number (00-99) and
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2006-12-24 09:52:53 +00:00
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a subminor number (00-99).<br />
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2005-06-05 05:24:45 +00:00
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A major number of 1 indicates the OpenStep specification ...
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available as the GS_API_OSSPEC preprocessor constant.<br />
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A major number of 4 indicates the OPENSTEP implementation ...
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available as the GS_API_OPENSTEP preprocessor constant.<br />
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A major number of 10 indicates the MacOS-X implementation ...
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available as the GS_API_MACOSX preprocessor constant.<br />
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Features in the header file are marked as belonging to different
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2006-08-09 12:54:57 +00:00
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version ranges using the
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<ref type="macro" id="GS_API_VERSION">GS_API_VERSION</ref>
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macro.<br />
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2006-12-24 10:55:29 +00:00
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For MacOS-X compatibility, if this constant is not defined
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and MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED <em>is</em> defined, then
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GS_OPENSTEP_V is defined to be MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED.<br />
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Similarly, for MacOS-X we define MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_2,
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MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_3 etc as the appropriate numeric version
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numbers.
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2005-06-05 05:24:45 +00:00
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</desc>
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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</deflist>
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2002-08-30 14:54:07 +00:00
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<p>
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<em>NB</em> These preprocessor constants are used in
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<em>developer code</em> (ie the code that users of GNUstep write)
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2004-06-22 22:14:09 +00:00
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rather than by the GNUstep software itself. They permit a
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2002-08-30 14:54:07 +00:00
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developer to ensure that he/she does not write code which depends
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upon API not present on other implementations (in practice,
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MacOS-X or some old OPENSTEP systems).<br />
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The actual GNUstep libraries are always built with the full
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GNUstep API in place, so that the feature set is as consistent
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as possible.
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</p>
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2006-10-31 07:05:46 +00:00
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<p>
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The presence of these macros is also used by autogsdoc to generate
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information about which version of the API a particular feature
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belongs to.
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</p>
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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</subsect>
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<subsect>
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<heading>User defaults</heading>
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<deflist>
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2003-07-17 09:27:31 +00:00
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<term>GNU-Debug</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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An array of strings that lists debug levels to be used
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within the program. These debug levels are merged with
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any which were set on the command line or added programmatically
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to the set given by the [NSProcessInfo-debugSet] method.
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</p>
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</desc>
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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<term>GSLogSyslog</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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Setting the user default <code>GSLogSyslog</code> to
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<code>YES</code> will cause log/debug output to be sent to
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the syslog facility (on systems which support it), rather
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than to the standard error stream. This is useful in
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environments where stderr has been re-used strangely for
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2005-10-09 09:32:54 +00:00
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some reason.<br />
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On mswindows, where syslog does not exist, this flag instead
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controls whether log/debug output is sent to the windows
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event log.
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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</p>
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</desc>
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2005-02-22 14:06:28 +00:00
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<term>GSLogThread</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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Setting the user default <code>GSLogThread</code> to
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<code>YES</code> will cause NSLog and debug output to
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include the current thread in the logged message.<br />
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This is useful for debugging multi-threaded applications.
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</p>
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</desc>
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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<term>GSMacOSXCompatible</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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Setting the user default <code>GSMacOSXCompatible</code> to
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<code>YES</code> will cause MacOS compatible behavior to be
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the default at runtime. This default may however be overridden
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to provide more fine grained control of system behavior.
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</p>
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</desc>
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<term>GSOldStyleGeometry</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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Specifies whether the functions for producing strings
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describing geometric structures (NSStringFromPoint(),
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NSStringFromSize(), and NSStringFromRect()) should produce
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strings conforming to the OpenStep specification or to
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MacOS-X behavior. The functions for parsing those strings
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should cope with both cases anyway.
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</p>
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</desc>
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2002-06-12 12:02:48 +00:00
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<term>GSSOCKS</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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May be used to specify a default SOCKS5 server (and optionally
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a port separated from the server by a colon) to which tcp/ip
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connections made using the NSFileHandle extension methods
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should be directed.<br />
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This default overrides the SOCKS5_SERVER and SOCKS_SERVER
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environment variables.
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</p>
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</desc>
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2002-10-11 11:30:45 +00:00
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<term>Local Time Zone</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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Used to specify the name of the timezone to be used by the
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<ref type="class" id="NSTimeZone">NSTimeZone</ref> class.
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</p>
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</desc>
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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<term>NSWriteOldStylePropertyLists</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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Specifies whether text property-list output should be in
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the default MacOS-X format (XML), or in the more human
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readable (but less powerful) original OpenStep format.
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</p>
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<p>
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Reading of property lists is supported in either format,
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but <em>only</em> if GNUstep is built with the libxml
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library (which is needed to handle XML parsing).
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</p>
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<p>
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NB. MacOS-X generates illegal XML for some strings - those
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which contain characters not legal in XML. GNUstep always
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generates legal XML, at the cost of a certain degree of
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compatibility. GNUstep XML property lists use a backslash
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2008-11-09 10:11:18 +00:00
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to escape illegal characters, and consequently any string
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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containing either a backslash or an illegal character will
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be written differently to the same string on MacOS-X.
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</p>
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</desc>
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<term>NSLanguages</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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An array of strings that lists the users prefered languages,
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in order or preference. If not found the default is just
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English.
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</p>
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</desc>
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</deflist>
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</subsect>
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<subsect>
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<heading>Environment variables</heading>
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<p>
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There are some environment variables used by GNUstep base, where
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2004-06-22 22:14:09 +00:00
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there would be problems obtaining data from the defaults system.
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2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
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</p>
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<deflist>
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<term>CRASH_ON_ABORT</term>
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<desc>
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<p>
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The default exception handler will either cause the program to
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simply terminate, or to crash - leaving a core dump. The
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standard behavior is to leave a core dump if the library was
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built for debugging, and to simply exit if it was not.
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</p>
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<p>
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The CRASH_ON_ABORT environment variable can be used to
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override this behavior. If this is defined to <em>NO</em>,
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<em>FALSE</em>, or <em>0</em> then the program will simply
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exit when an exception occurs. Any other value of the
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variable will cause the program to generate a core dump.
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</p>
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</desc>
|
2006-08-13 07:09:31 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>CRASH_ON_ZOMBIE</term>
|
|
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|
|
<desc>
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<p>
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When the a message is sent to a zombie object (see the
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<code>NSZombieEnabled</code> environment variable) the
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base library allows you to specify whether the program
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should continue after logging the message, or have the
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program abort.<br />
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By default, the program will attempt to continue.
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code>CRASH_ON_ZOMBIE</code> variable can be used to
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override this behavior. If this is defined to <em>YES</em>,
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<em>TRUE</em>, or <em>1</em> then the program will log the
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|
message sent to the zombie and then abort, producing a
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core dump on systems where that is possible.
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</p>
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</desc>
|
2007-02-06 09:29:30 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_STACK_TRACE</term>
|
|
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|
|
<desc>
|
|
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|
|
<p>
|
2008-10-29 06:38:19 +00:00
|
|
|
When this is set to <em>YES</em> a human readable stack trace
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|
|
(with function names and line numbers) is added to the output
|
|
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|
|
of the description method of a raised exception object.<br />
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|
This only works if gnustep was built with support for it
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|
using libbfd, so it may not be available on all systems.
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</p>
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|
<p>
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|
When this is set to <em>NO</em> the raw stack trace provided
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|
|
by [NSException-callStackReturnAddresses] is didsabled.<br />
|
|
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|
|
The possible reasons for disabling this are:<br />
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|
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|
|
1. that the feature is implemented using a function of the
|
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|
|
gcc complier to provide stack addresses, and the function is
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buggy on some systems/compiler versions, and will cause a
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|
signal to be sent which would crash your program if not caught.
|
|
|
|
|
The GNUstep code catches the signal and recovers using a signal
|
|
|
|
|
handler, but there have been two reports of this not working
|
|
|
|
|
with no known cause.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
2. that you have code which uses exceptions in a way in which
|
|
|
|
|
they were not designed to be used ... so that they are
|
|
|
|
|
routinely and frquently called rather than being called only
|
|
|
|
|
occasionally when exceptional conditions occur. In this case
|
|
|
|
|
you may want to disable the stack frame generation implicit
|
|
|
|
|
in each raised exception, in order to improve performance.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
When this is not set, or is set to a non-boolean value, the
|
|
|
|
|
stack trace handling on exceptionsis MacOS-X compatible ...
|
|
|
|
|
stack return addresses are available but a human readable
|
|
|
|
|
traceback is not logged.
|
2007-02-06 09:29:30 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_STRING_ENCODING</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
This is used to specify the default encoding for 8-bit
|
2004-04-27 11:55:34 +00:00
|
|
|
strings (those used by 'cstring' methods of NSString).<br />
|
|
|
|
|
It may be any of the 8-bit encodings supported
|
|
|
|
|
by your system.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
If this environment variable is not set, GNUstep attempts
|
|
|
|
|
to use the characterset specified by your operating systems,
|
|
|
|
|
locale information (using the standard nl_langinfo function)
|
|
|
|
|
if possible.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
If there is no usable operating system defined characterset,
|
|
|
|
|
GNUstep defaults to NSISOLatin1StringEncoding.
|
2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_HOST_CPU</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Used in place of GNUSTEP_TARGET_CPU if the other is missing.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_HOST_DIR</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Used in place of GNUSTEP_TARGET_DIR if the other is missing.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_HOST_OS</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Used in place of GNUSTEP_TARGET_OS if the other is missing.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_TARGET_CPU</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Overrides the default value of the machine (hardware)
|
|
|
|
|
name used on this system.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_TARGET_DIR</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Overrides the default path used to locate subdirectories
|
|
|
|
|
for GNUstep binaries withing bundles and applications.
|
|
|
|
|
This is normally equivalent to a path made up of the
|
|
|
|
|
GNUSTEP_TARGET_CPU and GNUSTEP_TARGET_OS
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_TARGET_OS</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Overrides the default value of the operating system
|
|
|
|
|
name used on this system.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_TZ</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Used to specify the timezone to be used if there is no
|
|
|
|
|
timezone specified in the user defaults system.
|
|
|
|
|
The preferred
|
|
|
|
|
mechanism is to use the 'Local Time Zone' value from the
|
|
|
|
|
user defaults system.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_CONFIG_FILE</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
2006-02-27 09:35:19 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>
|
2006-03-05 18:00:44 +00:00
|
|
|
This functionality may have been disabled if the base library
|
|
|
|
|
was configured/built with the
|
|
|
|
|
<code>--disable-environment-config-file</code> option.<br />
|
2011-04-03 19:14:29 +00:00
|
|
|
If it is operational (ie unless you've deliberately disabled
|
|
|
|
|
it), the environment variable overrides the normal path to
|
|
|
|
|
the gnustep config file used to determine the locations of
|
|
|
|
|
paths for the gnustep system (see later).<br />
|
|
|
|
|
This is provided to support situations such as when you
|
|
|
|
|
install into a sndbox during packaging, or where you may
|
2006-02-27 09:35:19 +00:00
|
|
|
want to simultaneously run applications using different sets
|
2006-03-05 18:00:44 +00:00
|
|
|
of resources but linked to a single copy of the base library,
|
|
|
|
|
or you want to use an alternative config file for some reason.
|
2006-02-27 09:35:19 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
</desc>
|
2010-03-08 09:27:48 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_BEHAVIOR_DEBUG</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
A boolean (YES or NO) which can be used to turn on debug
|
|
|
|
|
logging (to stderr) of the GSObjCRuntime functions to
|
|
|
|
|
add/override methods in a class using a list of methods
|
|
|
|
|
from another class.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>HOMEDRIVE</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
2006-02-27 09:35:19 +00:00
|
|
|
Used on ms-windows to locate the home directory.
|
2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>HOMEPATH</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
2006-02-27 09:35:19 +00:00
|
|
|
Used on ms-windows to locate the home directory.
|
2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>LANGUAGES</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
If there is no NSLanguages user default set, and there is
|
|
|
|
|
no language infromation available in the native system locale
|
|
|
|
|
mechanism, then this environment variable is used to provide
|
|
|
|
|
a list of the languages that the user prefers to use.
|
|
|
|
|
languages listed in this variable must be separated by
|
|
|
|
|
semicolons.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>LOGNAME</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
This is used as the default value for the current user
|
|
|
|
|
(as returned by the NSUserName() functions). If it is not
|
|
|
|
|
specified, or contains an illegal value, other methods are
|
|
|
|
|
used to get the user name.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>LIBRARY_COMBO</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Used to override the default value of the combination
|
|
|
|
|
of standard libraries used to build binaries. This
|
|
|
|
|
value locates the final subdirectory used to locate binaries.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
2002-05-10 17:05:10 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>NSDeallocateZombies</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
2002-10-11 11:30:45 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
This may be used in conjunction with NSZombieEnabled to specify
|
|
|
|
|
whether the objects should really be deallocated. If you set
|
|
|
|
|
this to YES, the zombie logging will only work until the
|
|
|
|
|
deallocated memory is re-used.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2002-05-10 17:05:10 +00:00
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>NSZombieEnabled</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
If this is set to YES, then deallocation of an object causes
|
2002-10-11 11:30:45 +00:00
|
|
|
the object to be morphed into a Zombie ... a special object
|
2002-05-10 17:05:10 +00:00
|
|
|
which will call the GNUstep specific GSLogZombie() function
|
|
|
|
|
to log the method call.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
You can set a breakpoint in this function and examine the
|
2002-10-11 11:30:45 +00:00
|
|
|
process memory if you are running under a debugger.<br />
|
2002-05-10 17:05:10 +00:00
|
|
|
As this overrides actual object deallocation, all memory
|
2006-08-13 07:09:31 +00:00
|
|
|
allocated for objects will be leaked!<br />
|
|
|
|
|
You can use the <code>CRASH_ON_ZOMBIE</code> environment
|
|
|
|
|
variable to force an abort afdter the message is logged.
|
2002-05-10 17:05:10 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
2002-06-12 12:02:48 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>SOCKS5_SERVER</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Specifies the default socks server to be used when making
|
|
|
|
|
outgoing tcp/ip connections using NSFileHandle. This may
|
|
|
|
|
also specify a port after the host name (and spearated
|
|
|
|
|
from it by a colon).<br />
|
|
|
|
|
This environment variable is used only if the GSSOCKS
|
|
|
|
|
user default is not set.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>SOCKS_SERVER</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Equivalent to SOCKS5_SERVER, but used only if that is not
|
|
|
|
|
defined.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>TZ</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Used to specify the timezone to be used if there is no
|
|
|
|
|
timezone specified by any other mechanism. The preferred
|
|
|
|
|
mechanism is to use the 'Local Time Zone' value from the
|
|
|
|
|
user defaults system.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</deflist>
|
|
|
|
|
</subsect>
|
2005-03-15 04:24:26 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<subsect>
|
|
|
|
|
<heading>GNUstep Configuration File</heading>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
This file is the master configuration file for GNUstep. It
|
|
|
|
|
can be used to set the base location of all the standard
|
|
|
|
|
paths that GNUstep programs use or know about. The
|
|
|
|
|
location of this file depends on how the Base library was
|
2005-10-12 06:15:15 +00:00
|
|
|
configured and/or what operating system it was configured
|
2005-03-15 04:24:26 +00:00
|
|
|
on. On a GNU/Linux system, the default would be
|
2006-01-08 15:36:09 +00:00
|
|
|
/etc/GNUstep/GNUstep.conf for instance, while on mswindows
|
|
|
|
|
it would be ./GNUstep.conf.<br />
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
The location of this file can be specified when the base library
|
|
|
|
|
is configured ... using the <code>--with-config-file=</code>
|
|
|
|
|
option of the <code>configure</code> script.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
The configuration file is not actually required to exist, and
|
|
|
|
|
if it does not exist, then default values will be used.
|
|
|
|
|
for the standard path locations (these default values may
|
|
|
|
|
be specified using the <code>--with-default-config=</code>
|
|
|
|
|
option of the <code>configure</code> script.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
If you want to <em>force</em> the internal defaults to be used,
|
|
|
|
|
you can use <code>--with-config-file=</code> to specify a path
|
2005-12-05 14:43:46 +00:00
|
|
|
with a trailing '/' (ie with no filename) as the base library
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
will refrain from trying to load configuration from a file
|
2005-12-05 14:43:46 +00:00
|
|
|
of no name.<br />
|
2005-10-16 14:20:14 +00:00
|
|
|
System paths are defined by the following:
|
2005-03-15 04:24:26 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
2010-07-19 08:34:29 +00:00
|
|
|
<deflist>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_APPS</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System GUI Applications get installed.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is /usr/GNUstep/System/Applications.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_ADMIN_APPS</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System GUI Applications that only the
|
|
|
|
|
Administrator can use get installed.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is /usr/GNUstep/System/Applications/Admin.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_WEB_APPS</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System Web Applications (GSWeb, SOPE) get
|
|
|
|
|
installed.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/WebApplications.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_TOOLS</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System Command-Line Tools get installed.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is /usr/GNUstep/System/Tools.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_ADMIN_TOOLS</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System Command-Line Tools that only the
|
|
|
|
|
Administrator can use get installed. Important: this
|
|
|
|
|
should not be in the PATH of normal users.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is /usr/GNUstep/System/Tools/Admin.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_LIBRARY</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System resources get installed.
|
|
|
|
|
This directory will contain a lot of executable code
|
|
|
|
|
since *step traditionally likes to
|
|
|
|
|
bundle executables and resources together.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is /usr/GNUstep/System/Library.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_HEADERS</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System headers get installed. They are the
|
|
|
|
|
library .h headers.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Headers.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System libraries get installed.
|
|
|
|
|
By libraries we mean the shared/static object files that
|
|
|
|
|
you can link into programs.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Libraries.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_DOC</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System documentation get installed.
|
|
|
|
|
This is known not to contain any executable, so we keep
|
|
|
|
|
it separate.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Documentation.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_DOC_MAN</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System man pages get installed.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is
|
|
|
|
|
/usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Documentation/man.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_DOC_INFO</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>This is where System info pages get installed.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Traditionally it is
|
|
|
|
|
/usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Documentation/info.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
|
|
|
|
</deflist>
|
2005-03-15 04:24:26 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>
|
2010-07-19 08:34:29 +00:00
|
|
|
In addition to the above SYSTEM domain paths, there are
|
|
|
|
|
corresponding LOCAL, NETWORK, and USER domain paths (with the
|
|
|
|
|
same names except for replacing 'SYSTEM' with 'LOCAL', 'NETWORK',
|
|
|
|
|
or 'USER'.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
All these paths must be absolute, except for the USER domain
|
|
|
|
|
paths which, if not absolute, are considered to be with the
|
|
|
|
|
user's home directory.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
NB. as a special case a path may begin with './' or '../' when
|
|
|
|
|
it is to be resolved to an absolute path relative to the
|
|
|
|
|
location of the GNUstep configuration file.
|
|
|
|
|
So while such paths appear to be relative, they actually produce
|
|
|
|
|
absolute locations at runtime since the location of the
|
|
|
|
|
configuration file is known.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Finally, for paths in the USER domain only, a limited substitution
|
|
|
|
|
into the path is performed at runtime as follows:<br />
|
|
|
|
|
'%u' is replaced by the user name<br />
|
|
|
|
|
'%i' is replaced by the user ID<br />
|
|
|
|
|
'%%' is replaced by a single '%'<br />
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
Other paths for each user are defined by the following:
|
2005-03-15 04:24:26 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
2005-10-15 07:19:11 +00:00
|
|
|
<deflist>
|
|
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_USER_CONFIG_FILE</term>
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
<desc>Name of user configuration file (eg. '.GNUstep.conf')
|
|
|
|
|
relative to the user's home directory.<br />
|
2005-12-05 14:43:46 +00:00
|
|
|
Can be specified as an empty string to ensure
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
that no user specific config file is loaded.
|
|
|
|
|
</desc>
|
2005-10-15 07:19:11 +00:00
|
|
|
<term>GNUSTEP_USER_DEFAULTS_DIR</term>
|
|
|
|
|
<desc>Name of directory for user defaults files.
|
2010-07-19 08:34:29 +00:00
|
|
|
Always relative to the user's home directory except:<br />
|
2005-10-23 06:35:33 +00:00
|
|
|
On mswindows this may be set to be ':REGISTRY:' to have defaults
|
|
|
|
|
stored in the windows registry rather than in the standard file
|
2006-02-19 21:49:21 +00:00
|
|
|
format.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
On any system this may be set to ':INTERNAL:' to use only
|
|
|
|
|
internal defaults domains (NSArgumentDomain, NSRegistrationDomain,
|
|
|
|
|
and GSConfigDomain).
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
</desc>
|
2005-10-15 07:19:11 +00:00
|
|
|
</deflist>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
2005-10-17 05:44:18 +00:00
|
|
|
The user's home directory is taken to be the standard
|
|
|
|
|
home directory for that user on the system<br />
|
|
|
|
|
On unix, that is the user's home directory from the password file,
|
|
|
|
|
while on windows it's the value given by the
|
2005-11-22 17:37:37 +00:00
|
|
|
HOMEDRIVE and HOMEPATH environment variables (or the USERPROFILE
|
|
|
|
|
environment variable if the others can't be used).
|
2005-10-15 07:19:11 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
2006-06-27 19:06:44 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
All the above values from the configuration file are made
|
|
|
|
|
available in the NSUserDefaults system at runtime, in the
|
2011-01-21 15:19:40 +00:00
|
|
|
GSConfigDomain (along with any defaults provided in property
|
|
|
|
|
lists in the GlobalDefaults subdirectory or in the
|
2008-01-10 11:14:30 +00:00
|
|
|
GlobalDefaults.plist file in the same directory as the
|
|
|
|
|
config file).<br />
|
2011-01-21 15:19:40 +00:00
|
|
|
The <code>.plist</code> files in the GlobalDefaults
|
|
|
|
|
subdirectory are merged into the defaults system in an
|
|
|
|
|
unpredictable order, but the values from the
|
|
|
|
|
GlobalDefaults.plist are merged in <em>after</em> the
|
|
|
|
|
other values and will take precedence.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
The global defaults files allow packagers and system
|
|
|
|
|
administrators to provide defaults settings for all
|
|
|
|
|
users of a particular GNUstep installation.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
It is recommended that each software package provides its
|
|
|
|
|
own defaults in the GlobalDefaults subdirectory, while the
|
|
|
|
|
GlobalDefaults.plist file should be reserved for other
|
|
|
|
|
system-wide settings.
|
2006-06-27 19:06:44 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
2005-12-05 06:44:08 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
The exact format of the configuration file is expected to
|
|
|
|
|
be that of a basic unix "conf" style file, with one
|
|
|
|
|
<em>key = value</em> per line (the format a unix shell
|
|
|
|
|
can 'source' in order to define shell variables).<br />
|
|
|
|
|
This configuration file uses the escape sequence and
|
|
|
|
|
quoting conventions of the standard bourne shell.<br />
|
2011-01-21 15:19:40 +00:00
|
|
|
The only Keys permitted are those listed above,
|
|
|
|
|
and all consist of uppercase letters, digits, and underscores,
|
|
|
|
|
and must not begin with a digit.<br />
|
2005-12-05 06:44:08 +00:00
|
|
|
A value may be any quoted string (or an unquoted string
|
|
|
|
|
containing no white space).<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Lines beginning with a hash '#' are deemed comment lines
|
|
|
|
|
and ignored.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
The backslash character may be used as an escape character
|
|
|
|
|
anywhere in the file except within a singly quoted string
|
|
|
|
|
(where it is taken literally).<br />
|
|
|
|
|
A backslash followed immediately by a newline (except in a
|
|
|
|
|
singly quoted string) is removed completely along with the
|
|
|
|
|
newline ... it thus serves to join lines so that they are
|
|
|
|
|
treated as a single line.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
NB. Since ms-windows uses backslash characters in paths,
|
|
|
|
|
it is a good idea to specify path values in the config file
|
|
|
|
|
as singly quoted strings to avoid having to double all
|
|
|
|
|
occurrences of the backslash.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2005-10-12 06:15:15 +00:00
|
|
|
</subsect>
|
2005-10-16 14:20:14 +00:00
|
|
|
<subsect>
|
|
|
|
|
<heading>Relocatable packages</heading>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
The configuration files system has two features which make
|
|
|
|
|
it possible to build standalone packages containing the
|
|
|
|
|
entire GNUstep system in a form which can be moved anywhere
|
|
|
|
|
and just run.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
2006-06-27 19:06:44 +00:00
|
|
|
Firstly, variables in the configuration file which define
|
2005-10-16 14:20:14 +00:00
|
|
|
paths, are expected to by full path specifications, except
|
2008-01-10 11:14:30 +00:00
|
|
|
for the special case in which they begin with dot-slash (./)
|
2010-06-21 06:34:50 +00:00
|
|
|
or dot-dot-slash (../).<br />
|
2008-01-10 11:14:30 +00:00
|
|
|
In this case the path from the variable is appended to the
|
|
|
|
|
path of the directory containing the configuration file
|
|
|
|
|
(or the path specified to contain the configuration file if no
|
2010-06-21 06:34:50 +00:00
|
|
|
configuration file exists) to form the value used.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
So, if you configure other paths relative to the configuration
|
|
|
|
|
file, you can relocate everything when you move the
|
|
|
|
|
configuration file.
|
2005-10-16 14:20:14 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
2006-01-08 15:36:09 +00:00
|
|
|
Secondly, If the value of the path built in to the base library
|
|
|
|
|
as the location of the config file (or specified by
|
2006-03-05 18:00:44 +00:00
|
|
|
the GNUSTEP_CONFIG_FILE environment variable unless that option
|
|
|
|
|
was disabled when the base library was configured)
|
2008-01-10 11:14:30 +00:00
|
|
|
begins with a dot-slash (./) or dot-dot-slash (../) then the path
|
2010-06-21 06:34:50 +00:00
|
|
|
used for that file is made relative to the base library.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
The base library contains code to determine its own location,
|
|
|
|
|
so this allows it to locate the configuration file, and by
|
|
|
|
|
reading the configuration file it determines where all other
|
|
|
|
|
resources are located.
|
2005-10-16 14:20:14 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
So you can bundle the whole lot together in one directory,
|
|
|
|
|
and configure various relative paths in that directory, then
|
|
|
|
|
move the directory around wherever you like.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2010-06-21 07:09:27 +00:00
|
|
|
</subsect>
|
|
|
|
|
<subsect>
|
|
|
|
|
<heading>Lock-Down</heading>
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
If you wish to <em>lock down</em> a production system for
|
2010-06-21 07:09:27 +00:00
|
|
|
distribution so that users can't change the config
|
|
|
|
|
file and mess up paths, you can specify the config file name as
|
2005-12-05 14:43:46 +00:00
|
|
|
a path with a trailing slash so that the base library will
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
<em>not</em> read it, and will use the builtin default values.<br />
|
2010-06-21 07:09:27 +00:00
|
|
|
To do this, you would configure using options like
|
|
|
|
|
<code>--disable-environment-config-file</code> with
|
|
|
|
|
<code>--with-config-file=/not-used/</code> and
|
2010-06-21 06:34:50 +00:00
|
|
|
<code>--with-default-config=myConfig</code> where <em>myConfig</em>
|
2010-06-21 07:09:27 +00:00
|
|
|
is a file containing the paths you want to use in the locked down
|
|
|
|
|
system.<br />
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
The paths from that file will be built in to the base library
|
|
|
|
|
as defaults, and library will use them rather than attempting
|
2010-06-21 07:09:27 +00:00
|
|
|
to read a config file at runtime.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
You can lock down a relocatable system by using this procedure
|
|
|
|
|
with './' as the config file path and relative paths in myConfig...
|
|
|
|
|
a user could then move the entire package around, but would not
|
|
|
|
|
be able to edit a configuration file to alter the paths within
|
|
|
|
|
the pacakge.
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
2005-10-16 14:20:14 +00:00
|
|
|
</subsect>
|
2002-05-10 09:07:10 +00:00
|
|
|
<subsect>
|
2005-10-15 07:19:11 +00:00
|
|
|
<heading>.GNUstep.conf files</heading>
|
2005-10-15 09:18:02 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
The user specific configuration file is read after the system
|
|
|
|
|
configuration file and may generally override values from the
|
|
|
|
|
main file. To prevent the use specific file from being read,
|
|
|
|
|
the system manager may define GNUSTEP_USER_CONFIG_FILE in the
|
2005-12-05 14:43:46 +00:00
|
|
|
main file to be an empty string.<br />
|
2005-10-15 09:18:02 +00:00
|
|
|
In any case, the user specific file is <em>not</em> read if a
|
|
|
|
|
program is running setuid.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2002-05-10 09:07:10 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
Unless disabled (as specified above) the presence of a
|
|
|
|
|
<code>.GNUstep.conf</code> file in a users home
|
2005-10-15 07:19:11 +00:00
|
|
|
directory permits the user to customize file locations using all
|
|
|
|
|
the same commands as the system directory, though any attempt
|
|
|
|
|
to redefine GNUSTEP_USER_CONFIG_FILE is of course ignored.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
Attempts to redefine the users home directory at this level
|
|
|
|
|
are also ignored.
|
2002-05-10 09:07:10 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
The defaults database for a user is stored in the
|
|
|
|
|
subdirectory of the users home directory given by
|
|
|
|
|
GNUSTEP_USER_DEFAULTS_DIR (by default, the
|
|
|
|
|
<code>GNUstep/Defaults</code> subdirectory).
|
|
|
|
|
On mswindows this may be set to be ':REGISTRY:' to have defaults
|
|
|
|
|
stored in the windows registry rather than in the standard file
|
2006-02-19 21:49:21 +00:00
|
|
|
format.<br />
|
|
|
|
|
On any system this may be set to ':INTERNAL:' to use only
|
|
|
|
|
internal defaults domains (NSArgumentDomain, NSRegistrationDomain,
|
|
|
|
|
and GSConfigDomain).
|
2005-12-05 13:08:10 +00:00
|
|
|
</p>
|
2002-05-10 09:07:10 +00:00
|
|
|
</subsect>
|
2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
<back>
|
2004-06-22 22:14:09 +00:00
|
|
|
<chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
<heading>API Documentation</heading>
|
|
|
|
|
<list>
|
|
|
|
|
<item><uref url="Functions.html">Functions</uref></item>
|
|
|
|
|
<item><uref url="TypesAndConstants.html">Types and Constants</uref></item>
|
|
|
|
|
</list>
|
|
|
|
|
</chapter>
|
2002-01-05 09:54:28 +00:00
|
|
|
<index scope="project" type="class" />
|
|
|
|
|
<index scope="project" type="protocol" />
|
2004-06-22 22:14:09 +00:00
|
|
|
<!-- <index scope="project" type="title" /> -->
|
2002-01-03 13:17:30 +00:00
|
|
|
</back>
|
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
|
|
|
</gsdoc>
|
