From d92be3a6d72a854285d1f46f4033efcf6d721726 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: IR4T4 Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2014 19:10:48 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] libs: Lua 5.2.3 for bundled builds + releases --- lua/Makefile | 108 +- lua/README | 38 +- lua/doc/contents.html | 296 +- lua/doc/lua.1 | 121 +- lua/doc/lua.css | 33 +- lua/doc/luac.1 | 86 +- lua/doc/manual.css | 9 +- lua/doc/manual.html | 6647 +++++++++++++++++++------------ lua/doc/osi-certified-72x60.png | Bin 0 -> 3774 bytes lua/doc/readme.html | 403 +- lua/src/Makefile | 168 +- lua/src/lapi.c | 899 +++-- lua/src/lapi.h | 14 +- lua/src/lauxlib.c | 1097 +++-- lua/src/lauxlib.h | 128 +- lua/src/lbaselib.c | 567 +-- lua/src/lbitlib.c | 212 + lua/src/lcode.c | 392 +- lua/src/lcode.h | 21 +- lua/src/lcorolib.c | 155 + lua/src/lctype.c | 52 + lua/src/lctype.h | 95 + lua/src/ldblib.c | 220 +- lua/src/ldebug.c | 627 ++- lua/src/ldebug.h | 27 +- lua/src/ldo.c | 682 ++-- lua/src/ldo.h | 33 +- lua/src/ldump.c | 43 +- lua/src/lfunc.c | 81 +- lua/src/lfunc.h | 7 +- lua/src/lgc.c | 1666 +++++--- lua/src/lgc.h | 161 +- lua/src/linit.c | 47 +- lua/src/liolib.c | 510 ++- lua/src/llex.c | 365 +- lua/src/llex.h | 27 +- lua/src/llimits.h | 223 +- lua/src/lmathlib.c | 96 +- lua/src/lmem.c | 45 +- lua/src/lmem.h | 28 +- lua/src/loadlib.c | 615 +-- lua/src/lobject.c | 253 +- lua/src/lobject.h | 464 ++- lua/src/lopcodes.c | 31 +- lua/src/lopcodes.h | 106 +- lua/src/loslib.c | 148 +- lua/src/lparser.c | 1033 +++-- lua/src/lparser.h | 75 +- lua/src/lstate.c | 283 +- lua/src/lstate.h | 151 +- lua/src/lstring.c | 194 +- lua/src/lstring.h | 21 +- lua/src/lstrlib.c | 578 ++- lua/src/ltable.c | 214 +- lua/src/ltable.h | 19 +- lua/src/ltablib.c | 140 +- lua/src/ltm.c | 20 +- lua/src/ltm.h | 9 +- lua/src/lua.c | 315 +- lua/src/lua.h | 226 +- lua/src/lua.hpp | 9 + lua/src/luac.c | 332 +- lua/src/luaconf.h | 772 ++-- lua/src/lualib.h | 28 +- lua/src/lundump.c | 141 +- lua/src/lundump.h | 22 +- lua/src/lvm.c | 918 +++-- lua/src/lvm.h | 26 +- lua/src/lzio.c | 34 +- lua/src/lzio.h | 8 +- 70 files changed, 14585 insertions(+), 9029 deletions(-) create mode 100644 lua/doc/osi-certified-72x60.png create mode 100644 lua/src/lbitlib.c create mode 100644 lua/src/lcorolib.c create mode 100644 lua/src/lctype.c create mode 100644 lua/src/lctype.h create mode 100644 lua/src/lua.hpp diff --git a/lua/Makefile b/lua/Makefile index c08783eb..e8deed07 100644 --- a/lua/Makefile +++ b/lua/Makefile @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ -# makefile for installing Lua -# see INSTALL for installation instructions -# see src/Makefile and src/luaconf.h for further customization +# Makefile for installing Lua +# See doc/readme.html for installation and customization instructions. # == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT ======================= @@ -8,55 +7,55 @@ PLAT= none # Where to install. The installation starts in the src and doc directories, -# so take care if INSTALL_TOP is not an absolute path. +# so take care if INSTALL_TOP is not an absolute path. See the local target. +# You may want to make INSTALL_LMOD and INSTALL_CMOD consistent with +# LUA_ROOT, LUA_LDIR, and LUA_CDIR in luaconf.h. INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/bin INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_TOP)/include INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/man/man1 -# -# You probably want to make INSTALL_LMOD and INSTALL_CMOD consistent with -# LUA_ROOT, LUA_LDIR, and LUA_CDIR in luaconf.h (and also with etc/lua.pc). INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/share/lua/$V INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib/lua/$V -# How to install. If your install program does not support "-p", then you -# may have to run ranlib on the installed liblua.a (do "make ranlib"). +# How to install. If your install program does not support "-p", then +# you may have to run ranlib on the installed liblua.a. INSTALL= install -p INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL) -m 0755 INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL) -m 0644 # -# If you don't have install you can use cp instead. +# If you don't have "install" you can use "cp" instead. # INSTALL= cp -p # INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL) # INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL) -# Utilities. +# Other utilities. MKDIR= mkdir -p -RANLIB= ranlib +RM= rm -f -# == END OF USER SETTINGS. NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ========= +# == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ======= # Convenience platforms targets. PLATS= aix ansi bsd freebsd generic linux macosx mingw posix posix32bit solaris # What to install. TO_BIN= lua luac -TO_INC= lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h ../etc/lua.hpp +TO_INC= lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp TO_LIB= liblua.a TO_MAN= lua.1 luac.1 # Lua version and release. -V= 5.1 -R= 5.1.5 +V= 5.2 +R= $V.3 +# Targets start here. all: $(PLAT) $(PLATS) clean: cd src && $(MAKE) $@ test: dummy - src/lua test/hello.lua + src/lua -v install: dummy cd src && $(MKDIR) $(INSTALL_BIN) $(INSTALL_INC) $(INSTALL_LIB) $(INSTALL_MAN) $(INSTALL_LMOD) $(INSTALL_CMOD) @@ -65,62 +64,49 @@ install: dummy cd src && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_LIB) $(INSTALL_LIB) cd doc && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_MAN) $(INSTALL_MAN) -ranlib: - cd src && cd $(INSTALL_LIB) && $(RANLIB) $(TO_LIB) +uninstall: + cd src && cd $(INSTALL_BIN) && $(RM) $(TO_BIN) + cd src && cd $(INSTALL_INC) && $(RM) $(TO_INC) + cd src && cd $(INSTALL_LIB) && $(RM) $(TO_LIB) + cd doc && cd $(INSTALL_MAN) && $(RM) $(TO_MAN) local: - $(MAKE) install INSTALL_TOP=.. + $(MAKE) install INSTALL_TOP=../install none: - @echo "Please do" - @echo " make PLATFORM" - @echo "where PLATFORM is one of these:" + @echo "Please do 'make PLATFORM' where PLATFORM is one of these:" @echo " $(PLATS)" - @echo "See INSTALL for complete instructions." + @echo "See doc/readme.html for complete instructions." -# make may get confused with test/ and INSTALL in a case-insensitive OS +# make may get confused with test/ and install/ dummy: # echo config parameters echo: - @echo "" - @echo "These are the parameters currently set in src/Makefile to build Lua $R:" - @echo "" @cd src && $(MAKE) -s echo - @echo "" - @echo "These are the parameters currently set in Makefile to install Lua $R:" - @echo "" - @echo "PLAT = $(PLAT)" - @echo "INSTALL_TOP = $(INSTALL_TOP)" - @echo "INSTALL_BIN = $(INSTALL_BIN)" - @echo "INSTALL_INC = $(INSTALL_INC)" - @echo "INSTALL_LIB = $(INSTALL_LIB)" - @echo "INSTALL_MAN = $(INSTALL_MAN)" - @echo "INSTALL_LMOD = $(INSTALL_LMOD)" - @echo "INSTALL_CMOD = $(INSTALL_CMOD)" - @echo "INSTALL_EXEC = $(INSTALL_EXEC)" - @echo "INSTALL_DATA = $(INSTALL_DATA)" - @echo "" - @echo "See also src/luaconf.h ." - @echo "" + @echo "PLAT= $(PLAT)" + @echo "V= $V" + @echo "R= $R" + @echo "TO_BIN= $(TO_BIN)" + @echo "TO_INC= $(TO_INC)" + @echo "TO_LIB= $(TO_LIB)" + @echo "TO_MAN= $(TO_MAN)" + @echo "INSTALL_TOP= $(INSTALL_TOP)" + @echo "INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_BIN)" + @echo "INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_INC)" + @echo "INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_LIB)" + @echo "INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_MAN)" + @echo "INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_LMOD)" + @echo "INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_CMOD)" + @echo "INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL_EXEC)" + @echo "INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL_DATA)" -# echo private config parameters -pecho: - @echo "V = $(V)" - @echo "R = $(R)" - @echo "TO_BIN = $(TO_BIN)" - @echo "TO_INC = $(TO_INC)" - @echo "TO_LIB = $(TO_LIB)" - @echo "TO_MAN = $(TO_MAN)" - -# echo config parameters as Lua code -# uncomment the last sed expression if you want nil instead of empty strings -lecho: - @echo "-- installation parameters for Lua $R" - @echo "VERSION = '$V'" - @echo "RELEASE = '$R'" - @$(MAKE) echo | grep = | sed -e 's/= /= "/' -e 's/$$/"/' #-e 's/""/nil/' - @echo "-- EOF" +# echo pkg-config data +pc: + @echo "version=$R" + @echo "prefix=$(INSTALL_TOP)" + @echo "libdir=$(INSTALL_LIB)" + @echo "includedir=$(INSTALL_INC)" # list targets that do not create files (but not all makes understand .PHONY) .PHONY: all $(PLATS) clean test install local none dummy echo pecho lecho diff --git a/lua/README b/lua/README index 11b4dff7..b19e1c95 100644 --- a/lua/README +++ b/lua/README @@ -1,37 +1,9 @@ -README for Lua 5.1 -See INSTALL for installation instructions. -See HISTORY for a summary of changes since the last released version. +This is Lua 5.2.3, released on 11 Nov 2013. -* What is Lua? - ------------ - Lua is a powerful, light-weight programming language designed for extending - applications. Lua is also frequently used as a general-purpose, stand-alone - language. Lua is free software. +For installation instructions, license details, and +further information about Lua, see doc/readme.html. - For complete information, visit Lua's web site at http://www.lua.org/ . - For an executive summary, see http://www.lua.org/about.html . - Lua has been used in many different projects around the world. - For a short list, see http://www.lua.org/uses.html . - -* Availability - ------------ - Lua is freely available for both academic and commercial purposes. - See COPYRIGHT and http://www.lua.org/license.html for details. - Lua can be downloaded at http://www.lua.org/download.html . - -* Installation - ------------ - Lua is implemented in pure ANSI C, and compiles unmodified in all known - platforms that have an ANSI C compiler. In most Unix-like platforms, simply - do "make" with a suitable target. See INSTALL for detailed instructions. - -* Origin - ------ - Lua is developed at Lua.org, a laboratory of the Department of Computer - Science of PUC-Rio (the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro - in Brazil). - For more information about the authors, see http://www.lua.org/authors.html . - -(end of README) +This is a slightly modified version for ET: Legacy +src/Makefile is adjusted to fit our posix and posix32bit requirements diff --git a/lua/doc/contents.html b/lua/doc/contents.html index 3d83da98..0ce297da 100644 --- a/lua/doc/contents.html +++ b/lua/doc/contents.html @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ -Lua 5.1 Reference Manual - contents +Lua 5.2 Reference Manual - contents - + @@ -16,32 +17,13 @@ ul {

-Lua 5.1 Reference Manual +Lua 5.2 Reference Manual

The reference manual is the official definition of the Lua language. For a complete introduction to Lua programming, see the book -Programming in Lua. - -

-This manual is also available as a book: -

- - - -Lua 5.1 Reference Manual -
by R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, W. Celes -
Lua.org, August 2006 -
ISBN 85-903798-3-3 -
-
- -

-Buy a copy -of this book and -help to support -the Lua project. +Programming in Lua.

start @@ -49,11 +31,9 @@ the Lua project. contents · index -· -other versions

-Copyright © 2006–2012 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. +Copyright © 2011–2013 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. Freely available under the terms of the Lua license. @@ -62,91 +42,95 @@ Freely available under the terms of the

Index

@@ -154,65 +138,76 @@ Freely available under the terms of the

Lua functions

+

_G
_VERSION
-

+

assert
collectgarbage
dofile
error
-getfenv
getmetatable
ipairs
load
loadfile
-loadstring
-module
next
pairs
pcall
print
rawequal
rawget
+rawlen
rawset
require
select
-setfenv
setmetatable
tonumber
tostring
type
-unpack
xpcall
-

+

+bit32.arshift
+bit32.band
+bit32.bnot
+bit32.bor
+bit32.btest
+bit32.bxor
+bit32.extract
+bit32.lrotate
+bit32.lshift
+bit32.replace
+bit32.rrotate
+bit32.rshift
+ +

coroutine.create
coroutine.resume
coroutine.running
coroutine.status
coroutine.wrap
coroutine.yield
-

+

debug.debug
-debug.getfenv
+debug.getuservalue
debug.gethook
debug.getinfo
debug.getlocal
debug.getmetatable
debug.getregistry
debug.getupvalue
-debug.setfenv
+debug.setuservalue
debug.sethook
debug.setlocal
debug.setmetatable
debug.setupvalue
debug.traceback
+debug.upvalueid
+debug.upvaluejoin
- - -

 

+

file:close
file:flush
file:lines
@@ -220,8 +215,8 @@ Freely available under the terms of the file:seek
file:setvbuf
file:write
-

+

io.close
io.flush
io.input
@@ -236,8 +231,11 @@ Freely available under the terms of the io.tmpfile
io.type
io.write
-

+ + +

 

+

math.abs
math.acos
math.asin
@@ -254,7 +252,6 @@ Freely available under the terms of the math.huge
math.ldexp
math.log
-math.log10
math.max
math.min
math.modf
@@ -268,8 +265,8 @@ Freely available under the terms of the math.sqrt
math.tan
math.tanh
-

+

os.clock
os.date
os.difftime
@@ -281,17 +278,18 @@ Freely available under the terms of the os.setlocale
os.time
os.tmpname
-

+

+package.config
package.cpath
package.loaded
-package.loaders
package.loadlib
package.path
package.preload
-package.seeall
-

+package.searchers
+package.searchpath
+

string.byte
string.char
string.dump
@@ -306,17 +304,19 @@ Freely available under the terms of the string.reverse
string.sub
string.upper
-

+

table.concat
table.insert
-table.maxn
+table.pack
table.remove
table.sort
+table.unpack

C API

+

lua_Alloc
lua_CFunction
lua_Debug
@@ -325,22 +325,26 @@ Freely available under the terms of the lua_Number
lua_Reader
lua_State
+lua_Unsigned
lua_Writer
-

+

+lua_absindex
+lua_arith
lua_atpanic
lua_call
+lua_callk
lua_checkstack
lua_close
+lua_compare
lua_concat
-lua_cpcall
+lua_copy
lua_createtable
lua_dump
-lua_equal
lua_error
lua_gc
lua_getallocf
-lua_getfenv
+lua_getctx
lua_getfield
lua_getglobal
lua_gethook
@@ -353,6 +357,7 @@ Freely available under the terms of the lua_gettable
lua_gettop
lua_getupvalue
+lua_getuservalue
lua_insert
lua_isboolean
lua_iscfunction
@@ -366,20 +371,21 @@ Freely available under the terms of the lua_istable
lua_isthread
lua_isuserdata
-lua_lessthan
+lua_len
lua_load
lua_newstate
lua_newtable
lua_newthread
lua_newuserdata
lua_next
-lua_objlen
lua_pcall
+lua_pcallk
lua_pop
lua_pushboolean
lua_pushcclosure
lua_pushcfunction
lua_pushfstring
+lua_pushglobaltable
lua_pushinteger
lua_pushlightuserdata
lua_pushliteral
@@ -388,19 +394,22 @@ Freely available under the terms of the lua_pushnumber
lua_pushstring
lua_pushthread
+lua_pushunsigned
lua_pushvalue
lua_pushvfstring
lua_rawequal
lua_rawget
lua_rawgeti
+lua_rawgetp
+lua_rawlen
lua_rawset
lua_rawseti
+lua_rawsetp
lua_register
lua_remove
lua_replace
lua_resume
lua_setallocf
-lua_setfenv
lua_setfield
lua_setglobal
lua_sethook
@@ -409,29 +418,39 @@ Freely available under the terms of the lua_settable
lua_settop
lua_setupvalue
+lua_setuservalue
lua_status
lua_toboolean
lua_tocfunction
lua_tointeger
+lua_tointegerx
lua_tolstring
lua_tonumber
+lua_tonumberx
lua_topointer
lua_tostring
lua_tothread
+lua_tounsigned
+lua_tounsignedx
lua_touserdata
lua_type
lua_typename
+lua_upvalueid
lua_upvalueindex
+lua_upvaluejoin
+lua_version
lua_xmove
lua_yield
+lua_yieldk

auxiliary library

+

luaL_Buffer
luaL_Reg
-

+

luaL_addchar
luaL_addlstring
luaL_addsize
@@ -440,6 +459,7 @@ Freely available under the terms of the luaL_argcheck
luaL_argerror
luaL_buffinit
+luaL_buffinitsize
luaL_callmeta
luaL_checkany
luaL_checkint
@@ -452,15 +472,25 @@ Freely available under the terms of the luaL_checkstring
luaL_checktype
luaL_checkudata
+luaL_checkunsigned
+luaL_checkversion
luaL_dofile
luaL_dostring
luaL_error
+luaL_execresult
+luaL_fileresult
luaL_getmetafield
luaL_getmetatable
+luaL_getsubtable
luaL_gsub
+luaL_len
luaL_loadbuffer
+luaL_loadbufferx
luaL_loadfile
+luaL_loadfilex
luaL_loadstring
+luaL_newlib
+luaL_newlibtable
luaL_newmetatable
luaL_newstate
luaL_openlibs
@@ -470,27 +500,33 @@ Freely available under the terms of the luaL_optlstring
luaL_optnumber
luaL_optstring
+luaL_optunsigned
luaL_prepbuffer
+luaL_prepbuffsize
luaL_pushresult
+luaL_pushresultsize
luaL_ref
-luaL_register
+luaL_requiref
+luaL_setfuncs
+luaL_setmetatable
+luaL_testudata
+luaL_tolstring
+luaL_traceback
luaL_typename
-luaL_typerror
luaL_unref
luaL_where
-

Last update: -Mon Feb 13 18:53:32 BRST 2012 +Tue Mar 12 11:22:18 BRT 2013 diff --git a/lua/doc/lua.1 b/lua/doc/lua.1 index 24809cc6..1dbf0436 100644 --- a/lua/doc/lua.1 +++ b/lua/doc/lua.1 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -.\" $Id: lua.man,v 1.11 2006/01/06 16:03:34 lhf Exp $ -.TH LUA 1 "$Date: 2006/01/06 16:03:34 $" +.\" $Id: lua.man,v 1.13 2011/11/16 17:16:53 lhf Exp $ +.TH LUA 1 "$Date: 2011/11/16 17:16:53 $" .SH NAME lua \- Lua interpreter .SH SYNOPSIS @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ lua \- Lua interpreter ] .SH DESCRIPTION .B lua -is the stand-alone Lua interpreter. +is the standalone Lua interpreter. It loads and executes Lua programs, either in textual source form or in precompiled binary form. @@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ can be used as a batch interpreter and also interactively. .LP The given .I options -(see below) -are executed and then +are handled in order and then the Lua program in file .I script is loaded and executed. @@ -38,45 +37,7 @@ are available to .I script as strings in a global table named .BR arg . -If these arguments contain spaces or other characters special to the shell, -then they should be quoted -(but note that the quotes will be removed by the shell). -The arguments in -.B arg -start at 0, -which contains the string -.RI ' script '. -The index of the last argument is stored in -.BR arg.n . -The arguments given in the command line before -.IR script , -including the name of the interpreter, -are available in negative indices in -.BR arg . -.LP -At the very start, -before even handling the command line, -.B lua -executes the contents of the environment variable -.BR LUA_INIT , -if it is defined. -If the value of -.B LUA_INIT -is of the form -.RI '@ filename ', -then -.I filename -is executed. -Otherwise, the string is assumed to be a Lua statement and is executed. -.LP -Options start with -.B '\-' -and are described below. -You can use -.B "'\--'" -to signal the end of options. -.LP -If no arguments are given, +If no options or arguments are given, then .B "\-v \-i" is assumed when the standard input is a terminal; @@ -93,71 +54,63 @@ If a line does not contain a complete statement, then a secondary prompt is displayed and lines are read until a complete statement is formed or a syntax error is found. -So, one way to interrupt the reading of an incomplete statement is -to force a syntax error: -adding a -.B ';' -in the middle of a statement is a sure way of forcing a syntax error -(except inside multiline strings and comments; these must be closed explicitly). If a line starts with .BR '=' , then .B lua -displays the values of all the expressions in the remainder of the -line. The expressions must be separated by commas. -The primary prompt is the value of the global variable -.BR _PROMPT , -if this value is a string; -otherwise, the default prompt is used. -Similarly, the secondary prompt is the value of the global variable -.BR _PROMPT2 . -So, -to change the prompts, -set the corresponding variable to a string of your choice. -You can do that after calling the interpreter -or on the command line -(but in this case you have to be careful with quotes -if the prompt string contains a space; otherwise you may confuse the shell.) -The default prompts are "> " and ">> ". +evaluates and displays +the values of the expressions in the remainder of the line. +.LP +At the very start, +before even handling the command line, +.B lua +checks the contents of the environment variables +.B LUA_INIT_5_2 +or +.BR LUA_INIT , +in that order. +If the contents is of the form +.RI '@ filename ', +then +.I filename +is executed. +Otherwise, the string is assumed to be a Lua statement and is executed. .SH OPTIONS .TP -.B \- -load and execute the standard input as a file, -that is, -not interactively, -even when the standard input is a terminal. -.TP .BI \-e " stat" execute statement .IR stat . -You need to quote -.I stat -if it contains spaces, quotes, -or other characters special to the shell. .TP .B \-i -enter interactive mode after -.I script -is executed. +enter interactive mode after executing +.IR script . .TP .BI \-l " name" -call -.BI require(' name ') +execute the equivalent of +.IB name =require(' name ') before executing .IR script . -Typically used to load libraries. .TP .B \-v show version information. +.TP +.B \-E +ignore environment variables. +.TP +.B \-\- +stop handling options. +.TP +.B \- +stop handling options and execute the standard input as a file. .SH "SEE ALSO" .BR luac (1) .br -http://www.lua.org/ +The documentation at lua.org, +especially section 7 of the reference manual. .SH DIAGNOSTICS Error messages should be self explanatory. .SH AUTHORS R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, -and W. Celes .\" EOF diff --git a/lua/doc/lua.css b/lua/doc/lua.css index 7fafbb1b..3d2443ac 100644 --- a/lua/doc/lua.css +++ b/lua/doc/lua.css @@ -1,30 +1,37 @@ +html { + background-color: #F8F8F8 ; +} + body { + border: solid #a0a0a0 1px ; + border-radius: 20px ; + padding: 26px ; + margin: 16px ; color: #000000 ; background-color: #FFFFFF ; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif ; text-align: justify ; - margin-right: 30px ; - margin-left: 30px ; } h1, h2, h3, h4 { font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif ; font-weight: normal ; - font-style: italic ; + font-style: normal ; } h2 { padding-top: 0.4em ; padding-bottom: 0.4em ; - padding-left: 30px ; - padding-right: 30px ; - margin-left: -30px ; - background-color: #E0E0FF ; + padding-left: 0.8em ; + padding-right: 0.8em ; + background-color: #D0D0FF ; + border-radius: 8px ; + border: solid #a0a0a0 1px ; } h3 { padding-left: 0.5em ; - border-left: solid #E0E0FF 1em ; + border-left: solid #D0D0FF 1em ; } table h3 { @@ -45,7 +52,7 @@ a:visited { a:link:hover, a:visited:hover { color: #000080 ; - background-color: #E0E0FF ; + background-color: #D0D0FF ; } a:link:active, a:visited:active { @@ -57,17 +64,23 @@ hr { height: 1px ; color: #a0a0a0 ; background-color: #a0a0a0 ; + display: none ; +} + +table hr { + display: block ; } :target { background-color: #F8F8F8 ; padding: 8px ; border: solid #a0a0a0 2px ; + border-radius: 8px ; } .footer { color: gray ; - font-size: small ; + font-size: x-small ; } input[type=text] { diff --git a/lua/doc/luac.1 b/lua/doc/luac.1 index d8146782..33a4ed00 100644 --- a/lua/doc/luac.1 +++ b/lua/doc/luac.1 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -.\" $Id: luac.man,v 1.28 2006/01/06 16:03:34 lhf Exp $ -.TH LUAC 1 "$Date: 2006/01/06 16:03:34 $" +.\" $Id: luac.man,v 1.29 2011/11/16 13:53:40 lhf Exp $ +.TH LUAC 1 "$Date: 2011/11/16 13:53:40 $" .SH NAME luac \- Lua compiler .SH SYNOPSIS @@ -13,29 +13,29 @@ luac \- Lua compiler .B luac is the Lua compiler. It translates programs written in the Lua programming language -into binary files that can be later loaded and executed. +into binary files containing precompiled chunks +that can be later loaded and executed. .LP The main advantages of precompiling chunks are: faster loading, protecting source code from accidental user changes, and off-line syntax checking. -.LP -Pre-compiling does not imply faster execution +Precompiling does not imply faster execution because in Lua chunks are always compiled into bytecodes before being executed. .B luac simply allows those bytecodes to be saved in a file for later execution. +Precompiled chunks are not necessarily smaller than the corresponding source. +The main goal in precompiling is faster loading. .LP -Pre-compiled chunks are not necessarily smaller than the corresponding source. -The main goal in pre-compiling is faster loading. -.LP -The binary files created by +In the command line, +you can mix +text files containing Lua source and +binary files containing precompiled chunks. .B luac -are portable only among architectures with the same word size and byte order. -.LP -.B luac -produces a single output file containing the bytecodes -for all source files given. +produces a single output file containing the combined bytecodes +for all files given. +Executing the combined file is equivalent to executing the given files. By default, the output file is named .BR luac.out , @@ -43,32 +43,15 @@ but you can change this with the .B \-o option. .LP -In the command line, -you can mix -text files containing Lua source and -binary files containing precompiled chunks. -This is useful to combine several precompiled chunks, -even from different (but compatible) platforms, -into a single precompiled chunk. -.LP -You can use -.B "'\-'" -to indicate the standard input as a source file -and -.B "'\--'" -to signal the end of options -(that is, -all remaining arguments will be treated as files even if they start with -.BR "'\-'" ). -.LP -The internal format of the binary files produced by -.B luac +Precompiled chunks are +.I not +portable across different architectures. +Moreover, +the internal format of precompiled chunks is likely to change when a new version of Lua is released. -So, -save the source files of all Lua programs that you precompile. +Make sure you save the source files of all Lua programs that you precompile. .LP .SH OPTIONS -Options must be separate. .TP .B \-l produce a listing of the compiled bytecode for Lua's virtual machine. @@ -78,6 +61,9 @@ If no files are given, then loads .B luac.out and lists its contents. +Use +.B \-l \-l +for a full listing. .TP .BI \-o " file" output to @@ -88,7 +74,7 @@ instead of the default .B "'\-'" for standard output, but not on platforms that open standard output in text mode.) -The output file may be a source file because +The output file may be one of the given files because all files are loaded before the output file is written. Be careful not to overwrite precious files. .TP @@ -96,41 +82,37 @@ Be careful not to overwrite precious files. load files but do not generate any output file. Used mainly for syntax checking and for testing precompiled chunks: corrupted files will probably generate errors when loaded. -Lua always performs a thorough integrity test on precompiled chunks. -Bytecode that passes this test is completely safe, -in the sense that it will not break the interpreter. -However, -there is no guarantee that such code does anything sensible. -(None can be given, because the halting problem is unsolvable.) If no files are given, then .B luac loads .B luac.out and tests its contents. -No messages are displayed if the file passes the integrity test. +No messages are displayed if the file loads without errors. .TP .B \-s strip debug information before writing the output file. This saves some space in very large chunks, but if errors occur when running a stripped chunk, then the error messages may not contain the full information they usually do. -For instance, +In particular, line numbers and names of local variables are lost. .TP .B \-v show version information. -.SH FILES -.TP 15 -.B luac.out -default output file +.TP +.B \-\- +stop handling options. +.TP +.B \- +stop handling options and process standard input. .SH "SEE ALSO" .BR lua (1) .br -http://www.lua.org/ +The documentation at lua.org. .SH DIAGNOSTICS Error messages should be self explanatory. .SH AUTHORS +R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, -R. Ierusalimschy and W. Celes .\" EOF diff --git a/lua/doc/manual.css b/lua/doc/manual.css index b49b3629..ca613cd9 100644 --- a/lua/doc/manual.css +++ b/lua/doc/manual.css @@ -16,9 +16,12 @@ span.apii { } p+h1, ul+h1 { + font-style: normal ; padding-top: 0.4em ; padding-bottom: 0.4em ; - padding-left: 30px ; - margin-left: -30px ; - background-color: #E0E0FF ; + padding-left: 16px ; + margin-left: -16px ; + background-color: #D0D0FF ; + border-radius: 8px ; + border: solid #000080 1px ; } diff --git a/lua/doc/manual.html b/lua/doc/manual.html index 4e41683d..85365363 100644 --- a/lua/doc/manual.html +++ b/lua/doc/manual.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ -Lua 5.1 Reference Manual +Lua 5.2 Reference Manual @@ -13,13 +13,13 @@

-Lua 5.1 Reference Manual +Lua 5.2 Reference Manual

by Roberto Ierusalimschy, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo, Waldemar Celes

-Copyright © 2006–2012 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. +Copyright © 2011–2013 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. Freely available under the terms of the Lua license. @@ -29,18 +29,16 @@ Freely available under the terms of the contents · index -· -other versions

- + -

1 - Introduction

+

1 – Introduction

Lua is an extension programming language designed to support @@ -48,24 +46,25 @@ general procedural programming with data description facilities. It also offers good support for object-oriented programming, functional programming, and data-driven programming. -Lua is intended to be used as a powerful, light-weight -scripting language for any program that needs one. -Lua is implemented as a library, written in clean C -(that is, in the common subset of ANSI C and C++). +Lua is intended to be used as a powerful, lightweight, +embeddable scripting language for any program that needs one. +Lua is implemented as a library, written in clean C, +the common subset of Standard C and C++.

Being an extension language, Lua has no notion of a "main" program: it only works embedded in a host client, called the embedding program or simply the host. -This host program can invoke functions to execute a piece of Lua code, +The host program can invoke functions to execute a piece of Lua code, can write and read Lua variables, and can register C functions to be called by Lua code. Through the use of C functions, Lua can be augmented to cope with a wide range of different domains, thus creating customized programming languages sharing a syntactical framework. The Lua distribution includes a sample host program called lua, -which uses the Lua library to offer a complete, stand-alone Lua interpreter. +which uses the Lua library to offer a complete, standalone Lua interpreter, +for interactive or batch use.

@@ -82,170 +81,18 @@ this document is dry in places. For a discussion of the decisions behind the design of Lua, see the technical papers available at Lua's web site. For a detailed introduction to programming in Lua, -see Roberto's book, Programming in Lua (Second Edition). +see Roberto's book, Programming in Lua. -

2 - The Language

+

2 – Basic Concepts

-This section describes the lexis, the syntax, and the semantics of Lua. -In other words, -this section describes -which tokens are valid, -how they can be combined, -and what their combinations mean. - - -

-The language constructs will be explained using the usual extended BNF notation, -in which -{a} means 0 or more a's, and -[a] means an optional a. -Non-terminals are shown like non-terminal, -keywords are shown like kword, -and other terminal symbols are shown like `=´. -The complete syntax of Lua can be found in §8 -at the end of this manual. +This section describes the basic concepts of the language. -

2.1 - Lexical Conventions

- -

-Names -(also called identifiers) -in Lua can be any string of letters, -digits, and underscores, -not beginning with a digit. -This coincides with the definition of names in most languages. -(The definition of letter depends on the current locale: -any character considered alphabetic by the current locale -can be used in an identifier.) -Identifiers are used to name variables and table fields. - - -

-The following keywords are reserved -and cannot be used as names: - - -

-     and       break     do        else      elseif
-     end       false     for       function  if
-     in        local     nil       not       or
-     repeat    return    then      true      until     while
-
- -

-Lua is a case-sensitive language: -and is a reserved word, but And and AND -are two different, valid names. -As a convention, names starting with an underscore followed by -uppercase letters (such as _VERSION) -are reserved for internal global variables used by Lua. - - -

-The following strings denote other tokens: - -

-     +     -     *     /     %     ^     #
-     ==    ~=    <=    >=    <     >     =
-     (     )     {     }     [     ]
-     ;     :     ,     .     ..    ...
-
- -

-Literal strings -can be delimited by matching single or double quotes, -and can contain the following C-like escape sequences: -'\a' (bell), -'\b' (backspace), -'\f' (form feed), -'\n' (newline), -'\r' (carriage return), -'\t' (horizontal tab), -'\v' (vertical tab), -'\\' (backslash), -'\"' (quotation mark [double quote]), -and '\'' (apostrophe [single quote]). -Moreover, a backslash followed by a real newline -results in a newline in the string. -A character in a string can also be specified by its numerical value -using the escape sequence \ddd, -where ddd is a sequence of up to three decimal digits. -(Note that if a numerical escape is to be followed by a digit, -it must be expressed using exactly three digits.) -Strings in Lua can contain any 8-bit value, including embedded zeros, -which can be specified as '\0'. - - -

-Literal strings can also be defined using a long format -enclosed by long brackets. -We define an opening long bracket of level n as an opening -square bracket followed by n equal signs followed by another -opening square bracket. -So, an opening long bracket of level 0 is written as [[, -an opening long bracket of level 1 is written as [=[, -and so on. -A closing long bracket is defined similarly; -for instance, a closing long bracket of level 4 is written as ]====]. -A long string starts with an opening long bracket of any level and -ends at the first closing long bracket of the same level. -Literals in this bracketed form can run for several lines, -do not interpret any escape sequences, -and ignore long brackets of any other level. -They can contain anything except a closing bracket of the proper level. - - -

-For convenience, -when the opening long bracket is immediately followed by a newline, -the newline is not included in the string. -As an example, in a system using ASCII -(in which 'a' is coded as 97, -newline is coded as 10, and '1' is coded as 49), -the five literal strings below denote the same string: - -

-     a = 'alo\n123"'
-     a = "alo\n123\""
-     a = '\97lo\10\04923"'
-     a = [[alo
-     123"]]
-     a = [==[
-     alo
-     123"]==]
-
- -

-A numerical constant can be written with an optional decimal part -and an optional decimal exponent. -Lua also accepts integer hexadecimal constants, -by prefixing them with 0x. -Examples of valid numerical constants are - -

-     3   3.0   3.1416   314.16e-2   0.31416E1   0xff   0x56
-
- -

-A comment starts with a double hyphen (--) -anywhere outside a string. -If the text immediately after -- is not an opening long bracket, -the comment is a short comment, -which runs until the end of the line. -Otherwise, it is a long comment, -which runs until the corresponding closing long bracket. -Long comments are frequently used to disable code temporarily. - - - - - -

2.2 - Values and Types

+

2.1 – Values and Types

Lua is a dynamically typed language. @@ -273,32 +120,38 @@ it usually represents the absence of a useful value. Both nil and false make a condition false; any other value makes it true. Number represents real (double-precision floating-point) numbers. +Operations on numbers follow the same rules of +the underlying C implementation, +which, in turn, usually follows the IEEE 754 standard. (It is easy to build Lua interpreters that use other internal representations for numbers, -such as single-precision float or long integers; +such as single-precision floats or long integers; see file luaconf.h.) -String represents arrays of characters. +String represents immutable sequences of bytes. Lua is 8-bit clean: -strings can contain any 8-bit character, -including embedded zeros ('\0') (see §2.1). +strings can contain any 8-bit value, +including embedded zeros ('\0').

Lua can call (and manipulate) functions written in Lua and functions written in C -(see §2.5.8). +(see §3.4.9).

The type userdata is provided to allow arbitrary C data to be stored in Lua variables. -This type corresponds to a block of raw memory -and has no pre-defined operations in Lua, +A userdata value is a pointer to a block of raw memory. +There are two kinds of userdata: +full userdata, where the block of memory is managed by Lua, +and light userdata, where the block of memory is managed by the host. +Userdata has no predefined operations in Lua, except assignment and identity test. -However, by using metatables, -the programmer can define operations for userdata values -(see §2.8). +By using metatables, +the programmer can define operations for full userdata values +(see §2.4). Userdata values cannot be created or modified in Lua, only through the C API. This guarantees the integrity of data owned by the host program. @@ -306,7 +159,7 @@ This guarantees the integrity of data owned by the host program.

The type thread represents independent threads of execution -and it is used to implement coroutines (see §2.11). +and it is used to implement coroutines (see §2.6). Do not confuse Lua threads with operating-system threads. Lua supports coroutines on all systems, even those that do not support threads. @@ -315,26 +168,50 @@ even those that do not support threads.

The type table implements associative arrays, that is, arrays that can be indexed not only with numbers, -but with any value (except nil). +but with any Lua value except nil and NaN +(Not a Number, a special numeric value used to represent +undefined or unrepresentable results, such as 0/0). Tables can be heterogeneous; that is, they can contain values of all types (except nil). +Any key with value nil is not considered part of the table. +Conversely, any key that is not part of a table has +an associated value nil. + + +

Tables are the sole data structuring mechanism in Lua; -they can be used to represent ordinary arrays, +they can be used to represent ordinary arrays, sequences, symbol tables, sets, records, graphs, trees, etc. To represent records, Lua uses the field name as an index. The language supports this representation by providing a.name as syntactic sugar for a["name"]. There are several convenient ways to create tables in Lua -(see §2.5.7). +(see §3.4.8). + + +

+We use the term sequence to denote a table where +the set of all positive numeric keys is equal to {1..n} +for some integer n, +which is called the length of the sequence (see §3.4.6).

Like indices, -the value of a table field can be of any type (except nil). +the values of table fields can be of any type. In particular, because functions are first-class values, table fields can contain functions. -Thus tables can also carry methods (see §2.5.9). +Thus tables can also carry methods (see §3.4.10). + + +

+The indexing of tables follows +the definition of raw equality in the language. +The expressions a[i] and a[j] +denote the same table element +if and only if i and j are raw equal +(that is, equal without metamethods).

@@ -348,22 +225,776 @@ these operations do not imply any kind of copy.

The library function type returns a string describing the type -of a given value. +of a given value (see §6.1). -

2.2.1 - Coercion

+ + +

2.2 – Environments and the Global Environment

-Lua provides automatic conversion between -string and number values at run time. -Any arithmetic operation applied to a string tries to convert -this string to a number, following the usual conversion rules. -Conversely, whenever a number is used where a string is expected, -the number is converted to a string, in a reasonable format. -For complete control over how numbers are converted to strings, -use the format function from the string library -(see string.format). +As will be discussed in §3.2 and §3.3.3, +any reference to a global name var is syntactically translated +to _ENV.var. +Moreover, every chunk is compiled in the scope of +an external local variable called _ENV (see §3.3.2), +so _ENV itself is never a global name in a chunk. + + +

+Despite the existence of this external _ENV variable and +the translation of global names, +_ENV is a completely regular name. +In particular, +you can define new variables and parameters with that name. +Each reference to a global name uses the _ENV that is +visible at that point in the program, +following the usual visibility rules of Lua (see §3.5). + + +

+Any table used as the value of _ENV is called an environment. + + +

+Lua keeps a distinguished environment called the global environment. +This value is kept at a special index in the C registry (see §4.5). +In Lua, the variable _G is initialized with this same value. + + +

+When Lua compiles a chunk, +it initializes the value of its _ENV upvalue +with the global environment (see load). +Therefore, by default, +global variables in Lua code refer to entries in the global environment. +Moreover, all standard libraries are loaded in the global environment +and several functions there operate on that environment. +You can use load (or loadfile) +to load a chunk with a different environment. +(In C, you have to load the chunk and then change the value +of its first upvalue.) + + +

+If you change the global environment in the registry +(through C code or the debug library), +all chunks loaded after the change will get the new environment. +Previously loaded chunks are not affected, however, +as each has its own reference to the environment in its _ENV variable. +Moreover, the variable _G +(which is stored in the original global environment) +is never updated by Lua. + + + + + +

2.3 – Error Handling

+ +

+Because Lua is an embedded extension language, +all Lua actions start from C code in the host program +calling a function from the Lua library (see lua_pcall). +Whenever an error occurs during +the compilation or execution of a Lua chunk, +control returns to the host, +which can take appropriate measures +(such as printing an error message). + + +

+Lua code can explicitly generate an error by calling the +error function. +If you need to catch errors in Lua, +you can use pcall or xpcall +to call a given function in protected mode. + + +

+Whenever there is an error, +an error object (also called an error message) +is propagated with information about the error. +Lua itself only generates errors where the error object is a string, +but programs may generate errors with +any value for the error object. + + +

+When you use xpcall or lua_pcall, +you may give a message handler +to be called in case of errors. +This function is called with the original error message +and returns a new error message. +It is called before the error unwinds the stack, +so that it can gather more information about the error, +for instance by inspecting the stack and creating a stack traceback. +This message handler is still protected by the protected call; +so, an error inside the message handler +will call the message handler again. +If this loop goes on, Lua breaks it and returns an appropriate message. + + + + + +

2.4 – Metatables and Metamethods

+ +

+Every value in Lua can have a metatable. +This metatable is an ordinary Lua table +that defines the behavior of the original value +under certain special operations. +You can change several aspects of the behavior +of operations over a value by setting specific fields in its metatable. +For instance, when a non-numeric value is the operand of an addition, +Lua checks for a function in the field "__add" of the value's metatable. +If it finds one, +Lua calls this function to perform the addition. + + +

+The keys in a metatable are derived from the event names; +the corresponding values are called metamethods. +In the previous example, the event is "add" +and the metamethod is the function that performs the addition. + + +

+You can query the metatable of any value +using the getmetatable function. + + +

+You can replace the metatable of tables +using the setmetatable function. +You cannot change the metatable of other types from Lua +(except by using the debug library); +you must use the C API for that. + + +

+Tables and full userdata have individual metatables +(although multiple tables and userdata can share their metatables). +Values of all other types share one single metatable per type; +that is, there is one single metatable for all numbers, +one for all strings, etc. +By default, a value has no metatable, +but the string library sets a metatable for the string type (see §6.4). + + +

+A metatable controls how an object behaves in arithmetic operations, +order comparisons, concatenation, length operation, and indexing. +A metatable also can define a function to be called +when a userdata or a table is garbage collected. +When Lua performs one of these operations over a value, +it checks whether this value has a metatable with the corresponding event. +If so, the value associated with that key (the metamethod) +controls how Lua will perform the operation. + + +

+Metatables control the operations listed next. +Each operation is identified by its corresponding name. +The key for each operation is a string with its name prefixed by +two underscores, '__'; +for instance, the key for operation "add" is the +string "__add". + + +

+The semantics of these operations is better explained by a Lua function +describing how the interpreter executes the operation. +The code shown here in Lua is only illustrative; +the real behavior is hard coded in the interpreter +and it is much more efficient than this simulation. +All functions used in these descriptions +(rawget, tonumber, etc.) +are described in §6.1. +In particular, to retrieve the metamethod of a given object, +we use the expression + +

+     metatable(obj)[event]
+

+This should be read as + +

+     rawget(getmetatable(obj) or {}, event)
+

+This means that the access to a metamethod does not invoke other metamethods, +and access to objects with no metatables does not fail +(it simply results in nil). + + +

+For the unary - and # operators, +the metamethod is called with a dummy second argument. +This extra argument is only to simplify Lua's internals; +it may be removed in future versions and therefore it is not present +in the following code. +(For most uses this extra argument is irrelevant.) + + + +

+ + + + +

2.5 – Garbage Collection

+ +

+Lua performs automatic memory management. +This means that +you have to worry neither about allocating memory for new objects +nor about freeing it when the objects are no longer needed. +Lua manages memory automatically by running +a garbage collector to collect all dead objects +(that is, objects that are no longer accessible from Lua). +All memory used by Lua is subject to automatic management: +strings, tables, userdata, functions, threads, internal structures, etc. + + +

+Lua implements an incremental mark-and-sweep collector. +It uses two numbers to control its garbage-collection cycles: +the garbage-collector pause and +the garbage-collector step multiplier. +Both use percentage points as units +(e.g., a value of 100 means an internal value of 1). + + +

+The garbage-collector pause +controls how long the collector waits before starting a new cycle. +Larger values make the collector less aggressive. +Values smaller than 100 mean the collector will not wait to +start a new cycle. +A value of 200 means that the collector waits for the total memory in use +to double before starting a new cycle. + + +

+The garbage-collector step multiplier +controls the relative speed of the collector relative to +memory allocation. +Larger values make the collector more aggressive but also increase +the size of each incremental step. +Values smaller than 100 make the collector too slow and +can result in the collector never finishing a cycle. +The default is 200, +which means that the collector runs at "twice" +the speed of memory allocation. + + +

+If you set the step multiplier to a very large number +(larger than 10% of the maximum number of +bytes that the program may use), +the collector behaves like a stop-the-world collector. +If you then set the pause to 200, +the collector behaves as in old Lua versions, +doing a complete collection every time Lua doubles its +memory usage. + + +

+You can change these numbers by calling lua_gc in C +or collectgarbage in Lua. +You can also use these functions to control +the collector directly (e.g., stop and restart it). + + +

+As an experimental feature in Lua 5.2, +you can change the collector's operation mode +from incremental to generational. +A generational collector assumes that most objects die young, +and therefore it traverses only young (recently created) objects. +This behavior can reduce the time used by the collector, +but also increases memory usage (as old dead objects may accumulate). +To mitigate this second problem, +from time to time the generational collector performs a full collection. +Remember that this is an experimental feature; +you are welcome to try it, +but check your gains. + + + +

2.5.1 – Garbage-Collection Metamethods

+ +

+You can set garbage-collector metamethods for tables +and, using the C API, +for full userdata (see §2.4). +These metamethods are also called finalizers. +Finalizers allow you to coordinate Lua's garbage collection +with external resource management +(such as closing files, network or database connections, +or freeing your own memory). + + +

+For an object (table or userdata) to be finalized when collected, +you must mark it for finalization. + +You mark an object for finalization when you set its metatable +and the metatable has a field indexed by the string "__gc". +Note that if you set a metatable without a __gc field +and later create that field in the metatable, +the object will not be marked for finalization. +However, after an object is marked, +you can freely change the __gc field of its metatable. + + +

+When a marked object becomes garbage, +it is not collected immediately by the garbage collector. +Instead, Lua puts it in a list. +After the collection, +Lua does the equivalent of the following function +for each object in that list: + +

+     function gc_event (obj)
+       local h = metatable(obj).__gc
+       if type(h) == "function" then
+         h(obj)
+       end
+     end
+
+ +

+At the end of each garbage-collection cycle, +the finalizers for objects are called in +the reverse order that they were marked for collection, +among those collected in that cycle; +that is, the first finalizer to be called is the one associated +with the object marked last in the program. +The execution of each finalizer may occur at any point during +the execution of the regular code. + + +

+Because the object being collected must still be used by the finalizer, +it (and other objects accessible only through it) +must be resurrected by Lua. +Usually, this resurrection is transient, +and the object memory is freed in the next garbage-collection cycle. +However, if the finalizer stores the object in some global place +(e.g., a global variable), +then there is a permanent resurrection. +In any case, +the object memory is freed only when it becomes completely inaccessible; +its finalizer will never be called twice. + + +

+When you close a state (see lua_close), +Lua calls the finalizers of all objects marked for finalization, +following the reverse order that they were marked. +If any finalizer marks new objects for collection during that phase, +these new objects will not be finalized. + + + + + +

2.5.2 – Weak Tables

+ +

+A weak table is a table whose elements are +weak references. +A weak reference is ignored by the garbage collector. +In other words, +if the only references to an object are weak references, +then the garbage collector will collect that object. + + +

+A weak table can have weak keys, weak values, or both. +A table with weak keys allows the collection of its keys, +but prevents the collection of its values. +A table with both weak keys and weak values allows the collection of +both keys and values. +In any case, if either the key or the value is collected, +the whole pair is removed from the table. +The weakness of a table is controlled by the +__mode field of its metatable. +If the __mode field is a string containing the character 'k', +the keys in the table are weak. +If __mode contains 'v', +the values in the table are weak. + + +

+A table with weak keys and strong values +is also called an ephemeron table. +In an ephemeron table, +a value is considered reachable only if its key is reachable. +In particular, +if the only reference to a key comes through its value, +the pair is removed. + + +

+Any change in the weakness of a table may take effect only +at the next collect cycle. +In particular, if you change the weakness to a stronger mode, +Lua may still collect some items from that table +before the change takes effect. + + +

+Only objects that have an explicit construction +are removed from weak tables. +Values, such as numbers and light C functions, +are not subject to garbage collection, +and therefore are not removed from weak tables +(unless its associated value is collected). +Although strings are subject to garbage collection, +they do not have an explicit construction, +and therefore are not removed from weak tables. + + +

+Resurrected objects +(that is, objects being finalized +and objects accessible only through objects being finalized) +have a special behavior in weak tables. +They are removed from weak values before running their finalizers, +but are removed from weak keys only in the next collection +after running their finalizers, when such objects are actually freed. +This behavior allows the finalizer to access properties +associated with the object through weak tables. + + +

+If a weak table is among the resurrected objects in a collection cycle, +it may not be properly cleared until the next cycle. @@ -371,11 +1002,322 @@ use the format function from the string library -

2.3 - Variables

+

2.6 – Coroutines

+ +

+Lua supports coroutines, +also called collaborative multithreading. +A coroutine in Lua represents an independent thread of execution. +Unlike threads in multithread systems, however, +a coroutine only suspends its execution by explicitly calling +a yield function. + + +

+You create a coroutine by calling coroutine.create. +Its sole argument is a function +that is the main function of the coroutine. +The create function only creates a new coroutine and +returns a handle to it (an object of type thread); +it does not start the coroutine. + + +

+You execute a coroutine by calling coroutine.resume. +When you first call coroutine.resume, +passing as its first argument +a thread returned by coroutine.create, +the coroutine starts its execution, +at the first line of its main function. +Extra arguments passed to coroutine.resume are passed on +to the coroutine main function. +After the coroutine starts running, +it runs until it terminates or yields. + + +

+A coroutine can terminate its execution in two ways: +normally, when its main function returns +(explicitly or implicitly, after the last instruction); +and abnormally, if there is an unprotected error. +In the first case, coroutine.resume returns true, +plus any values returned by the coroutine main function. +In case of errors, coroutine.resume returns false +plus an error message. + + +

+A coroutine yields by calling coroutine.yield. +When a coroutine yields, +the corresponding coroutine.resume returns immediately, +even if the yield happens inside nested function calls +(that is, not in the main function, +but in a function directly or indirectly called by the main function). +In the case of a yield, coroutine.resume also returns true, +plus any values passed to coroutine.yield. +The next time you resume the same coroutine, +it continues its execution from the point where it yielded, +with the call to coroutine.yield returning any extra +arguments passed to coroutine.resume. + + +

+Like coroutine.create, +the coroutine.wrap function also creates a coroutine, +but instead of returning the coroutine itself, +it returns a function that, when called, resumes the coroutine. +Any arguments passed to this function +go as extra arguments to coroutine.resume. +coroutine.wrap returns all the values returned by coroutine.resume, +except the first one (the boolean error code). +Unlike coroutine.resume, +coroutine.wrap does not catch errors; +any error is propagated to the caller. + + +

+As an example of how coroutines work, +consider the following code: + +

+     function foo (a)
+       print("foo", a)
+       return coroutine.yield(2*a)
+     end
+     
+     co = coroutine.create(function (a,b)
+           print("co-body", a, b)
+           local r = foo(a+1)
+           print("co-body", r)
+           local r, s = coroutine.yield(a+b, a-b)
+           print("co-body", r, s)
+           return b, "end"
+     end)
+     
+     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, 1, 10))
+     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "r"))
+     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))
+     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))
+

+When you run it, it produces the following output: + +

+     co-body 1       10
+     foo     2
+     main    true    4
+     co-body r
+     main    true    11      -9
+     co-body x       y
+     main    true    10      end
+     main    false   cannot resume dead coroutine
+
+ +

+You can also create and manipulate coroutines through the C API: +see functions lua_newthread, lua_resume, +and lua_yield. + + + + + +

3 – The Language

+ +

+This section describes the lexis, the syntax, and the semantics of Lua. +In other words, +this section describes +which tokens are valid, +how they can be combined, +and what their combinations mean. + + +

+Language constructs will be explained using the usual extended BNF notation, +in which +{a} means 0 or more a's, and +[a] means an optional a. +Non-terminals are shown like non-terminal, +keywords are shown like kword, +and other terminal symbols are shown like ‘=’. +The complete syntax of Lua can be found in §9 +at the end of this manual. + + + +

3.1 – Lexical Conventions

+ +

+Lua is a free-form language. +It ignores spaces (including new lines) and comments +between lexical elements (tokens), +except as delimiters between names and keywords. + + +

+Names +(also called identifiers) +in Lua can be any string of letters, +digits, and underscores, +not beginning with a digit. +Identifiers are used to name variables, table fields, and labels. + + +

+The following keywords are reserved +and cannot be used as names: + + +

+     and       break     do        else      elseif    end
+     false     for       function  goto      if        in
+     local     nil       not       or        repeat    return
+     then      true      until     while
+
+ +

+Lua is a case-sensitive language: +and is a reserved word, but And and AND +are two different, valid names. +As a convention, names starting with an underscore followed by +uppercase letters (such as _VERSION) +are reserved for variables used by Lua. + + +

+The following strings denote other tokens: + +

+     +     -     *     /     %     ^     #
+     ==    ~=    <=    >=    <     >     =
+     (     )     {     }     [     ]     ::
+     ;     :     ,     .     ..    ...
+
+ +

+Literal strings +can be delimited by matching single or double quotes, +and can contain the following C-like escape sequences: +'\a' (bell), +'\b' (backspace), +'\f' (form feed), +'\n' (newline), +'\r' (carriage return), +'\t' (horizontal tab), +'\v' (vertical tab), +'\\' (backslash), +'\"' (quotation mark [double quote]), +and '\'' (apostrophe [single quote]). +A backslash followed by a real newline +results in a newline in the string. +The escape sequence '\z' skips the following span +of white-space characters, +including line breaks; +it is particularly useful to break and indent a long literal string +into multiple lines without adding the newlines and spaces +into the string contents. + + +

+A byte in a literal string can also be specified by its numerical value. +This can be done with the escape sequence \xXX, +where XX is a sequence of exactly two hexadecimal digits, +or with the escape sequence \ddd, +where ddd is a sequence of up to three decimal digits. +(Note that if a decimal escape is to be followed by a digit, +it must be expressed using exactly three digits.) +Strings in Lua can contain any 8-bit value, including embedded zeros, +which can be specified as '\0'. + + +

+Literal strings can also be defined using a long format +enclosed by long brackets. +We define an opening long bracket of level n as an opening +square bracket followed by n equal signs followed by another +opening square bracket. +So, an opening long bracket of level 0 is written as [[, +an opening long bracket of level 1 is written as [=[, +and so on. +A closing long bracket is defined similarly; +for instance, a closing long bracket of level 4 is written as ]====]. +A long literal starts with an opening long bracket of any level and +ends at the first closing long bracket of the same level. +It can contain any text except a closing bracket of the proper level. +Literals in this bracketed form can run for several lines, +do not interpret any escape sequences, +and ignore long brackets of any other level. +Any kind of end-of-line sequence +(carriage return, newline, carriage return followed by newline, +or newline followed by carriage return) +is converted to a simple newline. + + +

+Any byte in a literal string not +explicitly affected by the previous rules represents itself. +However, Lua opens files for parsing in text mode, +and the system file functions may have problems with +some control characters. +So, it is safer to represent +non-text data as a quoted literal with +explicit escape sequences for non-text characters. + + +

+For convenience, +when the opening long bracket is immediately followed by a newline, +the newline is not included in the string. +As an example, in a system using ASCII +(in which 'a' is coded as 97, +newline is coded as 10, and '1' is coded as 49), +the five literal strings below denote the same string: + +

+     a = 'alo\n123"'
+     a = "alo\n123\""
+     a = '\97lo\10\04923"'
+     a = [[alo
+     123"]]
+     a = [==[
+     alo
+     123"]==]
+
+ +

+A numerical constant can be written with an optional fractional part +and an optional decimal exponent, +marked by a letter 'e' or 'E'. +Lua also accepts hexadecimal constants, +which start with 0x or 0X. +Hexadecimal constants also accept an optional fractional part +plus an optional binary exponent, +marked by a letter 'p' or 'P'. +Examples of valid numerical constants are + +

+     3     3.0     3.1416     314.16e-2     0.31416E1
+     0xff  0x0.1E  0xA23p-4   0X1.921FB54442D18P+1
+
+ +

+A comment starts with a double hyphen (--) +anywhere outside a string. +If the text immediately after -- is not an opening long bracket, +the comment is a short comment, +which runs until the end of the line. +Otherwise, it is a long comment, +which runs until the corresponding closing long bracket. +Long comments are frequently used to disable code temporarily. + + + + + +

3.2 – Variables

Variables are places that store values. - There are three kinds of variables in Lua: global variables, local variables, and table fields. @@ -388,15 +1330,15 @@ which is a particular kind of local variable): 

 	var ::= Name

-Name denotes identifiers, as defined in §2.1. +Name denotes identifiers, as defined in §3.1.

-Any variable is assumed to be global unless explicitly declared -as a local (see §2.4.7). +Any variable name is assumed to be global unless explicitly declared +as a local (see §3.3.7). Local variables are lexically scoped: local variables can be freely accessed by functions -defined inside their scope (see §2.6). +defined inside their scope (see §3.5).

@@ -407,13 +1349,12 @@ Before the first assignment to a variable, its value is nil. Square brackets are used to index a table: 

-	var ::= prefixexp `[´ exp `]´
+	var ::= prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’

-The meaning of accesses to global variables -and table fields can be changed via metatables. +The meaning of accesses to table fields can be changed via metatables. An access to an indexed variable t[i] is equivalent to a call gettable_event(t,i). -(See §2.8 for a complete description of the +(See §2.4 for a complete description of the gettable_event function. This function is not defined or callable in Lua. We use it here only for explanatory purposes.) @@ -424,46 +1365,20 @@ The syntax var.Name is just syntactic sugar for var["Name"]: 

-	var ::= prefixexp `.´ Name
+	var ::= prefixexp ‘.’ Name
-

-All global variables live as fields in ordinary Lua tables, -called environment tables or simply -environments (see §2.9). -Each function has its own reference to an environment, -so that all global variables in this function -will refer to this environment table. -When a function is created, -it inherits the environment from the function that created it. -To get the environment table of a Lua function, -you call getfenv. -To replace it, -you call setfenv. -(You can only manipulate the environment of C functions -through the debug library; (see §5.9).) - -

An access to a global variable x -is equivalent to _env.x, -which in turn is equivalent to - -

-     gettable_event(_env, "x")
-

-where _env is the environment of the running function. -(See §2.8 for a complete description of the -gettable_event function. -This function is not defined or callable in Lua. -Similarly, the _env variable is not defined in Lua. -We use them here only for explanatory purposes.) +is equivalent to _ENV.x. +Due to the way that chunks are compiled, +_ENV is never a global name (see §2.2). -

2.4 - Statements

+

3.3 – Statements

Lua supports an almost conventional set of statements, @@ -474,53 +1389,51 @@ and variable declarations. -

2.4.1 - Chunks

+

3.3.1 – Blocks

-The unit of execution of Lua is called a chunk. -A chunk is simply a sequence of statements, -which are executed sequentially. -Each statement can be optionally followed by a semicolon: +A block is a list of statements, +which are executed sequentially: 

-	chunk ::= {stat [`;´]}
+	block ::= {stat}

-There are no empty statements and thus ';;' is not legal. - - -

-Lua handles a chunk as the body of an anonymous function -with a variable number of arguments -(see §2.5.9). -As such, chunks can define local variables, -receive arguments, and return values. - - -

-A chunk can be stored in a file or in a string inside the host program. -To execute a chunk, -Lua first pre-compiles the chunk into instructions for a virtual machine, -and then it executes the compiled code -with an interpreter for the virtual machine. - - -

-Chunks can also be pre-compiled into binary form; -see program luac for details. -Programs in source and compiled forms are interchangeable; -Lua automatically detects the file type and acts accordingly. - - - - - - -

2.4.2 - Blocks

-A block is a list of statements; -syntactically, a block is the same as a chunk: +Lua has empty statements +that allow you to separate statements with semicolons, +start a block with a semicolon +or write two semicolons in sequence: 

-	block ::= chunk
+	stat ::= ‘;’
+
+ +

+Function calls and assignments +can start with an open parenthesis. +This possibility leads to an ambiguity in Lua's grammar. +Consider the following fragment: + +

+     a = b + c
+     (print or io.write)('done')
+

+The grammar could see it in two ways: + +

+     a = b + c(print or io.write)('done')
+     
+     a = b + c; (print or io.write)('done')
+

+The current parser always sees such constructions +in the first way, +interpreting the open parenthesis +as the start of the arguments to a call. +To avoid this ambiguity, +it is a good practice to always precede with a semicolon +statements that start with a parenthesis: + +

+     ;(print or io.write)('done')

@@ -532,14 +1445,56 @@ A block can be explicitly delimited to produce a single statement: Explicit blocks are useful to control the scope of variable declarations. Explicit blocks are also sometimes used to -add a return or break statement in the middle -of another block (see §2.4.4). +add a return statement in the middle +of another block (see §3.3.4). -

2.4.3 - Assignment

+

3.3.2 – Chunks

+ +

+The unit of compilation of Lua is called a chunk. +Syntactically, +a chunk is simply a block: + +

+	chunk ::= block
+
+ +

+Lua handles a chunk as the body of an anonymous function +with a variable number of arguments +(see §3.4.10). +As such, chunks can define local variables, +receive arguments, and return values. +Moreover, such anonymous function is compiled as in the +scope of an external local variable called _ENV (see §2.2). +The resulting function always has _ENV as its only upvalue, +even if it does not use that variable. + + +

+A chunk can be stored in a file or in a string inside the host program. +To execute a chunk, +Lua first precompiles the chunk into instructions for a virtual machine, +and then it executes the compiled code +with an interpreter for the virtual machine. + + +

+Chunks can also be precompiled into binary form; +see program luac for details. +Programs in source and compiled forms are interchangeable; +Lua automatically detects the file type and acts accordingly. + + + + + + +

3.3.3 – Assignment

Lua allows multiple assignments. @@ -549,11 +1504,11 @@ and a list of expressions on the right side. The elements in both lists are separated by commas: 

-	stat ::= varlist `=´ explist
-	varlist ::= var {`,´ var}
-	explist ::= exp {`,´ exp}
+	stat ::= varlist ‘=’ explist
+	varlist ::= var {‘,’ var}
+	explist ::= exp {‘,’ exp}

-Expressions are discussed in §2.5. +Expressions are discussed in §3.4.

@@ -567,7 +1522,7 @@ the list is extended with as many nil's as needed. If the list of expressions ends with a function call, then all values returned by that call enter the list of values, before the adjustment -(except when the call is enclosed in parentheses; see §2.5). +(except when the call is enclosed in parentheses; see §3.4).

@@ -601,7 +1556,7 @@ The meaning of assignments to global variables and table fields can be changed via metatables. An assignment to an indexed variable t[i] = val is equivalent to settable_event(t,i,val). -(See §2.8 for a complete description of the +(See §2.4 for a complete description of the settable_event function. This function is not defined or callable in Lua. We use it here only for explanatory purposes.) @@ -610,21 +1565,13 @@ We use it here only for explanatory purposes.)

An assignment to a global variable x = val is equivalent to the assignment -_env.x = val, -which in turn is equivalent to - -

-     settable_event(_env, "x", val)
-

-where _env is the environment of the running function. -(The _env variable is not defined in Lua. -We use it here only for explanatory purposes.) +_ENV.x = val (see §2.2). -

2.4.4 - Control Structures

+

3.3.4 – Control Structures

The control structures if, while, and repeat have the usual meaning and familiar syntax: @@ -637,7 +1584,7 @@ familiar syntax: stat ::= repeat block until exp stat ::= if exp then block {elseif exp then block} [else block] end

-Lua also has a for statement, in two flavors (see §2.4.5). +Lua also has a for statement, in two flavors (see §3.3.5).

@@ -657,18 +1604,34 @@ declared inside the loop block.

-The return statement is used to return values -from a function or a chunk (which is just a function). +The goto statement transfers the program control to a label. +For syntactical reasons, +labels in Lua are considered statements too: + -Functions and chunks can return more than one value, -and so the syntax for the return statement is 

-	stat ::= return [explist]
+	stat ::= goto Name
+	stat ::= label
+	label ::= ‘::’ Name ‘::’

-The break statement is used to terminate the execution of a +A label is visible in the entire block where it is defined, +except +inside nested blocks where a label with the same name is defined and +inside nested functions. +A goto may jump to any visible label as long as it does not +enter into the scope of a local variable. + + +

+Labels and empty statements are called void statements, +as they perform no actions. + + +

+The break statement terminates the execution of a while, repeat, or for loop, skipping to the next statement after the loop: @@ -680,21 +1643,29 @@ A break ends the innermost enclosing loop.

-The return and break -statements can only be written as the last statement of a block. -If it is really necessary to return or break in the -middle of a block, +The return statement is used to return values +from a function or a chunk (which is a function in disguise). + +Functions can return more than one value, +so the syntax for the return statement is + +

+	stat ::= return [explist] [‘;’]
+
+ +

+The return statement can only be written +as the last statement of a block. +If it is really necessary to return in the middle of a block, then an explicit inner block can be used, -as in the idioms -do return end and do break end, -because now return and break are the last statements in -their (inner) blocks. +as in the idiom do return end, +because now return is the last statement in its (inner) block. -

2.4.5 - For Statement

+

3.3.5 – For Statement

@@ -708,7 +1679,7 @@ control variable runs through an arithmetic progression. It has the following syntax: 

-	stat ::= for Name `=´ exp `,´ exp [`,´ exp] do block end
+	stat ::= for Name ‘=’ exp ‘,’ exp [‘,’ exp] do block end

The block is repeated for name starting at the value of the first exp, until it passes the second exp by steps of the @@ -773,7 +1744,7 @@ The generic for loop has the following syntax: 

 	stat ::= for namelist in explist do block end
-	namelist ::= Name {`,´ Name}
+	namelist ::= Name {‘,’ Name}

A for statement like @@ -787,8 +1758,8 @@ is equivalent to the code: local f, s, var = explist while true do local var_1, ···, var_n = f(s, var) + if var_1 == nil then break end var = var_1 - if var == nil then break end block end end @@ -825,7 +1796,7 @@ then assign them to other variables before breaking or exiting the loop. -

2.4.6 - Function Calls as Statements

+

3.3.6 – Function Calls as Statements

To allow possible side-effects, function calls can be executed as statements: @@ -833,32 +1804,31 @@ function calls can be executed as statements: stat ::= functioncall

In this case, all returned values are thrown away. -Function calls are explained in §2.5.8. +Function calls are explained in §3.4.9. -

2.4.7 - Local Declarations

+

3.3.7 – Local Declarations

Local variables can be declared anywhere inside a block. The declaration can include an initial assignment: 

-	stat ::= local namelist [`=´ explist]
+	stat ::= local namelist [‘=’ explist]

If present, an initial assignment has the same semantics -of a multiple assignment (see §2.4.3). +of a multiple assignment (see §3.3.3). Otherwise, all variables are initialized with nil.

-A chunk is also a block (see §2.4.1), +A chunk is also a block (see §3.3.2), and so local variables can be declared in a chunk outside any explicit block. -The scope of such local variables extends until the end of the chunk.

-The visibility rules for local variables are explained in §2.6. +The visibility rules for local variables are explained in §3.5. @@ -866,7 +1836,7 @@ The visibility rules for local variables are explained in §2 -

2.5 - Expressions

+

3.4 – Expressions

The basic expressions in Lua are the following: @@ -876,48 +1846,48 @@ The basic expressions in Lua are the following: exp ::= nil | false | true exp ::= Number exp ::= String - exp ::= function + exp ::= functiondef exp ::= tableconstructor - exp ::= `...´ + exp ::= ‘...’ exp ::= exp binop exp exp ::= unop exp - prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | `(´ exp `)´ + prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | ‘(’ exp ‘)’

-Numbers and literal strings are explained in §2.1; -variables are explained in §2.3; -function definitions are explained in §2.5.9; -function calls are explained in §2.5.8; -table constructors are explained in §2.5.7. +Numbers and literal strings are explained in §3.1; +variables are explained in §3.2; +function definitions are explained in §3.4.10; +function calls are explained in §3.4.9; +table constructors are explained in §3.4.8. Vararg expressions, denoted by three dots ('...'), can only be used when directly inside a vararg function; -they are explained in §2.5.9. +they are explained in §3.4.10.

-Binary operators comprise arithmetic operators (see §2.5.1), -relational operators (see §2.5.2), logical operators (see §2.5.3), -and the concatenation operator (see §2.5.4). -Unary operators comprise the unary minus (see §2.5.1), -the unary not (see §2.5.3), -and the unary length operator (see §2.5.5). +Binary operators comprise arithmetic operators (see §3.4.1), +relational operators (see §3.4.3), logical operators (see §3.4.4), +and the concatenation operator (see §3.4.5). +Unary operators comprise the unary minus (see §3.4.1), +the unary not (see §3.4.4), +and the unary length operator (see §3.4.6).

Both function calls and vararg expressions can result in multiple values. -If an expression is used as a statement -(only possible for function calls (see §2.4.6)), +If a function call is used as a statement (see §3.3.6), then its return list is adjusted to zero elements, thus discarding all returned values. If an expression is used as the last (or the only) element of a list of expressions, then no adjustment is made -(unless the call is enclosed in parentheses). +(unless the expression is enclosed in parentheses). In all other contexts, Lua adjusts the result list to one element, -discarding all values except the first one. +either discarding all values except the first one +or adding a single nil if there are no values.

@@ -952,14 +1922,14 @@ or nil if f does not return any values.) -

2.5.1 - Arithmetic Operators

+

3.4.1 – Arithmetic Operators

Lua supports the usual arithmetic operators: the binary + (addition), - (subtraction), * (multiplication), / (division), % (modulo), and ^ (exponentiation); -and unary - (negation). +and unary - (mathematical negation). If the operands are numbers, or strings that can be converted to -numbers (see §2.2.1), +numbers (see §3.4.2), then all operations have the usual meaning. Exponentiation works for any exponent. For instance, x^(-0.5) computes the inverse of the square root of x. @@ -975,7 +1945,25 @@ the quotient towards minus infinity. -

2.5.2 - Relational Operators

+

3.4.2 – Coercion

+ +

+Lua provides automatic conversion between +string and number values at run time. +Any arithmetic operation applied to a string tries to convert +this string to a number, following the rules of the Lua lexer. +(The string may have leading and trailing spaces and a sign.) +Conversely, whenever a number is used where a string is expected, +the number is converted to a string, in a reasonable format. +For complete control over how numbers are converted to strings, +use the format function from the string library +(see string.format). + + + + + +

3.4.3 – Relational Operators

The relational operators in Lua are 

@@ -989,22 +1977,25 @@ Equality (==) first compares the type of its operands.
 If the types are different, then the result is false.
 Otherwise, the values of the operands are compared.
 Numbers and strings are compared in the usual way.
-Objects (tables, userdata, threads, and functions)
-are compared by reference:
-two objects are considered equal only if they are the same object.
+Tables, userdata, and threads
+are compared by reference:
+two objects are considered equal only if they are the same object.
 Every time you create a new object
-(a table, userdata, thread, or function),
+(a table, userdata, or thread),
 this new object is different from any previously existing object.
+Closures with the same reference are always equal.
+Closures with any detectable difference
+(different behavior, different definition) are always different.
 
 
 

-You can change the way that Lua compares tables and userdata 
-by using the "eq" metamethod (see §2.8).
+You can change the way that Lua compares tables and userdata
+by using the "eq" metamethod (see §2.4).
 
 
 

-The conversion rules of §2.2.1
-do not apply to equality comparisons.
+The conversion rules of §3.4.2
+do not apply to equality comparisons.
 Thus, "0"==0 evaluates to false,
 and t[0] and t["0"] denote different
 entries in a table.
@@ -1020,7 +2011,7 @@ If both arguments are numbers, then they are compared as such.
 Otherwise, if both arguments are strings,
 then their values are compared according to the current locale.
 Otherwise, Lua tries to call the "lt" or the "le"
-metamethod (see §2.8).
+metamethod (see §2.4).
 A comparison a > b is translated to b < a
 and a >= b is translated to b <= a.
 
@@ -1028,10 +2019,10 @@ and a >= b is translated to b <= a.
 
 
 
-
2.5.3 - Logical Operators

+
3.4.4 – Logical Operators

 The logical operators in Lua are
 and, or, and not.
-Like the control structures (see §2.4.4),
+Like the control structures (see §3.3.4),
 all logical operators consider both false and nil as false
 and anything else as true.
 
@@ -1066,46 +2057,56 @@ Here are some examples:
 
 
 
-
2.5.4 - Concatenation

+
3.4.5 – Concatenation

 The string concatenation operator in Lua is
 denoted by two dots ('..').
 If both operands are strings or numbers, then they are converted to
-strings according to the rules mentioned in §2.2.1.
-Otherwise, the "concat" metamethod is called (see §2.8).
+strings according to the rules mentioned in §3.4.2.
+Otherwise, the __concat metamethod is called (see §2.4).
 
 
 
 
 
-
2.5.5 - The Length Operator

+
3.4.6 – The Length Operator

 
 

-The length operator is denoted by the unary operator #.
+The length operator is denoted by the unary prefix operator #.
 The length of a string is its number of bytes
 (that is, the usual meaning of string length when each
 character is one byte).
 
 
 

-The length of a table t is defined to be any
-integer index n
-such that t[n] is not nil and t[n+1] is nil;
-moreover, if t[1] is nil, n can be zero.
-For a regular array, with non-nil values from 1 to a given n,
-its length is exactly that n,
-the index of its last value.
-If the array has "holes"
-(that is, nil values between other non-nil values),
-then #t can be any of the indices that
-directly precedes a nil value
-(that is, it may consider any such nil value as the end of
-the array). 
+A program can modify the behavior of the length operator for
+any value but strings through the __len metamethod (see §2.4).
+
+
+

+Unless a __len metamethod is given,
+the length of a table t is only defined if the
+table is a sequence,
+that is,
+the set of its positive numeric keys is equal to {1..n}
+for some integer n.
+In that case, n is its length.
+Note that a table like
+
+
+     {10, 20, nil, 40}
+

+is not a sequence, because it has the key 4
+but does not have the key 3.
+(So, there is no n such that the set {1..n} is equal
+to the set of positive numeric keys of that table.)
+Note, however, that non-numeric keys do not interfere
+with whether a table is a sequence.
 
 
 
 
 
-
2.5.6 - Precedence

+
3.4.7 – Precedence

 Operator precedence in Lua follows the table below,
 from lower to higher priority:
 
@@ -1129,7 +2130,7 @@ All other binary operators are left associative.
 
 
 
-
2.5.7 - Table Constructors

+
3.4.8 – Table Constructors

 Table constructors are expressions that create tables.
 Every time a constructor is evaluated, a new table is created.
 A constructor can be used to create an empty table
@@ -1137,10 +2138,10 @@ or to create a table and initialize some of its fields.
 The general syntax for constructors is
 
 
-	tableconstructor ::= `{´ [fieldlist] `}´
+	tableconstructor ::= ‘{’ [fieldlist] ‘}’
 	fieldlist ::= field {fieldsep field} [fieldsep]
-	field ::= `[´ exp `]´ `=´ exp | Name `=´ exp | exp
-	fieldsep ::= `,´ | `;´
+	field ::= ‘[’ exp ‘]’ ‘=’ exp | Name ‘=’ exp | exp
+	fieldsep ::= ‘,’ | ‘;’
 

 
 

@@ -1177,10 +2178,7 @@ is equivalent to
 If the last field in the list has the form exp
 and the expression is a function call or a vararg expression,
 then all values returned by this expression enter the list consecutively
-(see §2.5.8).
-To avoid this,
-enclose the function call or the vararg expression
-in parentheses (see §2.5).
+(see §3.4.9).
 
 
 

@@ -1191,7 +2189,7 @@ as a convenience for machine-generated code.
 
 
 
-
2.5.8 - Function Calls

+
3.4.9 – Function Calls

 A function call in Lua has the following syntax:
 
 
@@ -1205,14 +2203,14 @@ with the given arguments.
 Otherwise, the prefixexp "call" metamethod is called,
 having as first parameter the value of prefixexp,
 followed by the original call arguments
-(see §2.8).
+(see §2.4).
 
 
 

 The form
 
 
-	functioncall ::= prefixexp `:´ Name args
+	functioncall ::= prefixexp ‘:’ Name args
 

 can be used to call "methods".
 A call v:name(args)
@@ -1224,7 +2222,7 @@ except that v is evaluated only once.
 Arguments have the following syntax:
 
 
-	args ::= `(´ [explist] `)´
+	args ::= ‘(’ [explist] ‘)’
 	args ::= tableconstructor
 	args ::= String
 

@@ -1239,23 +2237,7 @@ that is, the argument list is a single literal string.
 
 
 

-As an exception to the free-format syntax of Lua,
-you cannot put a line break before the '(' in a function call.
-This restriction avoids some ambiguities in the language.
-If you write
-
-
-     a = f
-     (g).x(a)
-

-Lua would see that as a single statement, a = f(g).x(a).
-So, if you want two statements, you must add a semi-colon between them.
-If you actually want to call f,
-you must remove the line break before (g).
-
-
-

-A call of the form return functioncall is called
+A call of the form return functioncall is called
 a tail call.
 Lua implements proper tail calls
 (or proper tail recursion):
@@ -1282,14 +2264,14 @@ So, none of the following examples are tail calls:
 
 
 
-
2.5.9 - Function Definitions

+
3.4.10 – Function Definitions

 
 

 The syntax for function definition is
 
 
-	function ::= function funcbody
-	funcbody ::= `(´ [parlist] `)´ block end
+	functiondef ::= function funcbody
+	funcbody ::= ‘(’ [parlist] ‘)’ block end
 

 
 

@@ -1298,7 +2280,7 @@ The following syntactic sugar simplifies function definitions:
 
 	stat ::= function funcname funcbody
 	stat ::= local function Name funcbody
-	funcname ::= Name {`.´ Name} [`:´ Name]
+	funcname ::= Name {‘.’ Name} [‘:’ Name]
 

 The statement
 
@@ -1330,7 +2312,7 @@ translates to
 
      local f; f = function () body end
 

-not to
+not to
 
 
      local f = function () body end
@@ -1342,15 +2324,12 @@ contains references to f.)
 

 A function definition is an executable expression,
 whose value has type function.
-When Lua pre-compiles a chunk,
-all its function bodies are pre-compiled too.
+When Lua precompiles a chunk,
+all its function bodies are precompiled too.
 Then, whenever Lua executes the function definition,
 the function is instantiated (or closed).
 This function instance (or closure)
 is the final value of the expression.
-Different instances of the same function
-can refer to different  external local variables
-and can have different environment tables.
 
 
 

@@ -1358,14 +2337,14 @@ Parameters act as local variables that are
 initialized with the argument values:
 
 
-	parlist ::= namelist [`,´ `...´] | `...´
+	parlist ::= namelist [‘,’ ‘...’] | ‘...’
 

 When a function is called,
 the list of arguments is adjusted to
 the length of the list of parameters,
-unless the function is a variadic or vararg function,
-which is
-indicated by three dots ('...') at the end of its parameter list.
+unless the function is a vararg function,
+which is indicated by three dots ('...')
+at the end of its parameter list.
 A vararg function does not adjust its argument list;
 instead, it collects all extra arguments and supplies them
 to the function through a vararg expression,
@@ -1407,12 +2386,19 @@ to the vararg expression:
 

 
 

-Results are returned using the return statement (see §2.4.4).
+Results are returned using the return statement (see §3.3.4).
 If control reaches the end of a function
 without encountering a return statement,
 then the function returns with no results.
 
 
+

+
+There is a system-dependent limit on the number of values
+that a function may return.
+This limit is guaranteed to be larger than 1000.
+
+
 

 The colon syntax
 is used for defining methods,
@@ -1433,14 +2419,14 @@ is syntactic sugar for
 
 
 
-
2.6 - Visibility Rules

+
3.5 – Visibility Rules

 
 

 
 Lua is a lexically scoped language.
-The scope of variables begins at the first statement after
-their declaration and lasts until the end of the innermost block that
-includes the declaration.
+The scope of a local variable begins at the first statement after
+its declaration and lasts until the last non-void statement
+of the innermost block that includes the declaration.
 Consider the following example:
 
 
@@ -1495,745 +2481,7 @@ while all of them share the same x.
 
 
 
-
2.7 - Error Handling

-
-

-Because Lua is an embedded extension language,
-all Lua actions start from C code in the host program
-calling a function from the Lua library (see lua_pcall).
-Whenever an error occurs during Lua compilation or execution,
-control returns to C,
-which can take appropriate measures
-(such as printing an error message).
-
-
-

-Lua code can explicitly generate an error by calling the
-error function.
-If you need to catch errors in Lua,
-you can use the pcall function.
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.8 - Metatables

-
-

-Every value in Lua can have a metatable.
-This metatable is an ordinary Lua table
-that defines the behavior of the original value
-under certain special operations.
-You can change several aspects of the behavior
-of operations over a value by setting specific fields in its metatable.
-For instance, when a non-numeric value is the operand of an addition,
-Lua checks for a function in the field "__add" in its metatable.
-If it finds one,
-Lua calls this function to perform the addition.
-
-
-

-We call the keys in a metatable events
-and the values metamethods.
-In the previous example, the event is "add" 
-and the metamethod is the function that performs the addition.
-
-
-

-You can query the metatable of any value
-through the getmetatable function.
-
-
-

-You can replace the metatable of tables
-through the setmetatable
-function.
-You cannot change the metatable of other types from Lua
-(except by using the debug library);
-you must use the C API for that.
-
-
-

-Tables and full userdata have individual metatables
-(although multiple tables and userdata can share their metatables).
-Values of all other types share one single metatable per type;
-that is, there is one single metatable for all numbers,
-one for all strings, etc.
-
-
-

-A metatable controls how an object behaves in arithmetic operations,
-order comparisons, concatenation, length operation, and indexing.
-A metatable also can define a function to be called when a userdata
-is garbage collected.
-For each of these operations Lua associates a specific key
-called an event.
-When Lua performs one of these operations over a value,
-it checks whether this value has a metatable with the corresponding event.
-If so, the value associated with that key (the metamethod)
-controls how Lua will perform the operation.
-
-
-

-Metatables control the operations listed next.
-Each operation is identified by its corresponding name.
-The key for each operation is a string with its name prefixed by
-two underscores, '__';
-for instance, the key for operation "add" is the
-string "__add".
-The semantics of these operations is better explained by a Lua function
-describing how the interpreter executes the operation.
-
-
-

-The code shown here in Lua is only illustrative;
-the real behavior is hard coded in the interpreter
-and it is much more efficient than this simulation.
-All functions used in these descriptions
-(rawget, tonumber, etc.)
-are described in §5.1.
-In particular, to retrieve the metamethod of a given object,
-we use the expression
-
-
-     metatable(obj)[event]
-

-This should be read as
-
-
-     rawget(getmetatable(obj) or {}, event)
-

-
-That is, the access to a metamethod does not invoke other metamethods,
-and the access to objects with no metatables does not fail
-(it simply results in nil).
-
-
-
-
    
-
-
  • "add":
-the + operation.
-
-
-
-
    
-The function getbinhandler below defines how Lua chooses a handler
-for a binary operation.
-First, Lua tries the first operand.
-If its type does not define a handler for the operation,
-then Lua tries the second operand.
-
-
    -     function getbinhandler (op1, op2, event)
-       return metatable(op1)[event] or metatable(op2)[event]
-     end
-
    
-By using this function,
-the behavior of the op1 + op2 is
-
-
    -     function add_event (op1, op2)
-       local o1, o2 = tonumber(op1), tonumber(op2)
-       if o1 and o2 then  -- both operands are numeric?
-         return o1 + o2   -- '+' here is the primitive 'add'
-       else  -- at least one of the operands is not numeric
-         local h = getbinhandler(op1, op2, "__add")
-         if h then
-           -- call the handler with both operands
-           return (h(op1, op2))
-         else  -- no handler available: default behavior
-           error(···)
-         end
-       end
-     end
-
    
-
    • 
-
-
  • "sub":
-the - operation.
-
-Behavior similar to the "add" operation.
-
    • 
-
-
  • "mul":
-the * operation.
-
-Behavior similar to the "add" operation.
-
    • 
-
-
  • "div":
-the / operation.
-
-Behavior similar to the "add" operation.
-
    • 
-
-
  • "mod":
-the % operation.
-
-Behavior similar to the "add" operation,
-with the operation
-o1 - floor(o1/o2)*o2 as the primitive operation.
-
    • 
-
-
  • "pow":
-the ^ (exponentiation) operation.
-
-Behavior similar to the "add" operation,
-with the function pow (from the C math library)
-as the primitive operation.
-
    • 
-
-
  • "unm":
-the unary - operation.
-
-
-
    -     function unm_event (op)
-       local o = tonumber(op)
-       if o then  -- operand is numeric?
-         return -o  -- '-' here is the primitive 'unm'
-       else  -- the operand is not numeric.
-         -- Try to get a handler from the operand
-         local h = metatable(op).__unm
-         if h then
-           -- call the handler with the operand
-           return (h(op))
-         else  -- no handler available: default behavior
-           error(···)
-         end
-       end
-     end
-
    
-
    • 
-
-
  • "concat":
-the .. (concatenation) operation.
-
-
-
    -     function concat_event (op1, op2)
-       if (type(op1) == "string" or type(op1) == "number") and
-          (type(op2) == "string" or type(op2) == "number") then
-         return op1 .. op2  -- primitive string concatenation
-       else
-         local h = getbinhandler(op1, op2, "__concat")
-         if h then
-           return (h(op1, op2))
-         else
-           error(···)
-         end
-       end
-     end
-
    
-
    • 
-
-
  • "len":
-the # operation.
-
-
-
    -     function len_event (op)
-       if type(op) == "string" then
-         return strlen(op)         -- primitive string length
-       elseif type(op) == "table" then
-         return #op                -- primitive table length
-       else
-         local h = metatable(op).__len
-         if h then
-           -- call the handler with the operand
-           return (h(op))
-         else  -- no handler available: default behavior
-           error(···)
-         end
-       end
-     end
-
    
-See §2.5.5 for a description of the length of a table.
-
    • 
-
-
  • "eq":
-the == operation.
-
-The function getcomphandler defines how Lua chooses a metamethod
-for comparison operators.
-A metamethod only is selected when both objects
-being compared have the same type
-and the same metamethod for the selected operation.
-
-
    -     function getcomphandler (op1, op2, event)
-       if type(op1) ~= type(op2) then return nil end
-       local mm1 = metatable(op1)[event]
-       local mm2 = metatable(op2)[event]
-       if mm1 == mm2 then return mm1 else return nil end
-     end
-
    
-The "eq" event is defined as follows:
-
-
    -     function eq_event (op1, op2)
-       if type(op1) ~= type(op2) then  -- different types?
-         return false   -- different objects
-       end
-       if op1 == op2 then   -- primitive equal?
-         return true   -- objects are equal
-       end
-       -- try metamethod
-       local h = getcomphandler(op1, op2, "__eq")
-       if h then
-         return (h(op1, op2))
-       else
-         return false
-       end
-     end
-
    
-a ~= b is equivalent to not (a == b).
-
    • 
-
-
  • "lt":
-the < operation.
-
-
-
    -     function lt_event (op1, op2)
-       if type(op1) == "number" and type(op2) == "number" then
-         return op1 < op2   -- numeric comparison
-       elseif type(op1) == "string" and type(op2) == "string" then
-         return op1 < op2   -- lexicographic comparison
-       else
-         local h = getcomphandler(op1, op2, "__lt")
-         if h then
-           return (h(op1, op2))
-         else
-           error(···)
-         end
-       end
-     end
-
    
-a > b is equivalent to b < a.
-
    • 
-
-
  • "le":
-the <= operation.
-
-
-
    -     function le_event (op1, op2)
-       if type(op1) == "number" and type(op2) == "number" then
-         return op1 <= op2   -- numeric comparison
-       elseif type(op1) == "string" and type(op2) == "string" then
-         return op1 <= op2   -- lexicographic comparison
-       else
-         local h = getcomphandler(op1, op2, "__le")
-         if h then
-           return (h(op1, op2))
-         else
-           h = getcomphandler(op1, op2, "__lt")
-           if h then
-             return not h(op2, op1)
-           else
-             error(···)
-           end
-         end
-       end
-     end
-
    
-a >= b is equivalent to b <= a.
-Note that, in the absence of a "le" metamethod,
-Lua tries the "lt", assuming that a <= b is
-equivalent to not (b < a).
-
    • 
-
-
  • "index":
-The indexing access table[key].
-
-
-
    -     function gettable_event (table, key)
-       local h
-       if type(table) == "table" then
-         local v = rawget(table, key)
-         if v ~= nil then return v end
-         h = metatable(table).__index
-         if h == nil then return nil end
-       else
-         h = metatable(table).__index
-         if h == nil then
-           error(···)
-         end
-       end
-       if type(h) == "function" then
-         return (h(table, key))     -- call the handler
-       else return h[key]           -- or repeat operation on it
-       end
-     end
-
    
-
    • 
-
-
  • "newindex":
-The indexing assignment table[key] = value.
-
-
-
    -     function settable_event (table, key, value)
-       local h
-       if type(table) == "table" then
-         local v = rawget(table, key)
-         if v ~= nil then rawset(table, key, value); return end
-         h = metatable(table).__newindex
-         if h == nil then rawset(table, key, value); return end
-       else
-         h = metatable(table).__newindex
-         if h == nil then
-           error(···)
-         end
-       end
-       if type(h) == "function" then
-         h(table, key,value)           -- call the handler
-       else h[key] = value             -- or repeat operation on it
-       end
-     end
-
    
-
    • 
-
-
  • "call":
-called when Lua calls a value.
-
-
-
    -     function function_event (func, ...)
-       if type(func) == "function" then
-         return func(...)   -- primitive call
-       else
-         local h = metatable(func).__call
-         if h then
-           return h(func, ...)
-         else
-           error(···)
-         end
-       end
-     end
-
    
-
    • 
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
2.9 - Environments

-
-

-Besides metatables,
-objects of types thread, function, and userdata
-have another table associated with them,
-called their environment.
-Like metatables, environments are regular tables and
-multiple objects can share the same environment.
-
-
-

-Threads are created sharing the environment of the creating thread.
-Userdata and C functions are created sharing the environment
-of the creating C function.
-Non-nested Lua functions
-(created by loadfile, loadstring or load)
-are created sharing the environment of the creating thread.
-Nested Lua functions are created sharing the environment of
-the creating Lua function.
-
-
-

-Environments associated with userdata have no meaning for Lua.
-It is only a convenience feature for programmers to associate a table to
-a userdata.
-
-
-

-Environments associated with threads are called
-global environments.
-They are used as the default environment for threads and
-non-nested Lua functions created by the thread
-and can be directly accessed by C code (see §3.3).
-
-
-

-The environment associated with a C function can be directly
-accessed by C code (see §3.3).
-It is used as the default environment for other C functions
-and userdata created by the function.
-
-
-

-Environments associated with Lua functions are used to resolve
-all accesses to global variables within the function (see §2.3).
-They are used as the default environment for nested Lua functions
-created by the function.
-
-
-

-You can change the environment of a Lua function or the
-running thread by calling setfenv.
-You can get the environment of a Lua function or the running thread
-by calling getfenv.
-To manipulate the environment of other objects
-(userdata, C functions, other threads) you must
-use the C API.
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.10 - Garbage Collection

-
-

-Lua performs automatic memory management.
-This means that
-you have to worry neither about allocating memory for new objects
-nor about freeing it when the objects are no longer needed.
-Lua manages memory automatically by running
-a garbage collector from time to time
-to collect all dead objects
-(that is, objects that are no longer accessible from Lua).
-All memory used by Lua is subject to automatic management:
-tables, userdata, functions, threads, strings, etc.
-
-
-

-Lua implements an incremental mark-and-sweep collector.
-It uses two numbers to control its garbage-collection cycles:
-the garbage-collector pause and
-the garbage-collector step multiplier.
-Both use percentage points as units
-(so that a value of 100 means an internal value of 1).
-
-
-

-The garbage-collector pause
-controls how long the collector waits before starting a new cycle.
-Larger values make the collector less aggressive.
-Values smaller than 100 mean the collector will not wait to
-start a new cycle.
-A value of 200 means that the collector waits for the total memory in use
-to double before starting a new cycle.
-
-
-

-The step multiplier
-controls the relative speed of the collector relative to
-memory allocation.
-Larger values make the collector more aggressive but also increase
-the size of each incremental step.
-Values smaller than 100 make the collector too slow and
-can result in the collector never finishing a cycle.
-The default, 200, means that the collector runs at "twice"
-the speed of memory allocation.
-
-
-

-You can change these numbers by calling lua_gc in C
-or collectgarbage in Lua.
-With these functions you can also control 
-the collector directly (e.g., stop and restart it).
-
-
-
-
2.10.1 - Garbage-Collection Metamethods

-
-

-Using the C API,
-you can set garbage-collector metamethods for userdata (see §2.8).
-These metamethods are also called finalizers.
-Finalizers allow you to coordinate Lua's garbage collection
-with external resource management
-(such as closing files, network or database connections,
-or freeing your own memory).
-
-
-

-Garbage userdata with a field __gc in their metatables are not
-collected immediately by the garbage collector.
-Instead, Lua puts them in a list.
-After the collection,
-Lua does the equivalent of the following function
-for each userdata in that list:
-
-
-     function gc_event (udata)
-       local h = metatable(udata).__gc
-       if h then
-         h(udata)
-       end
-     end
-

-
-

-At the end of each garbage-collection cycle,
-the finalizers for userdata are called in reverse
-order of their creation,
-among those collected in that cycle.
-That is, the first finalizer to be called is the one associated
-with the userdata created last in the program.
-The userdata itself is freed only in the next garbage-collection cycle.
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.10.2 - Weak Tables

-
-

-A weak table is a table whose elements are
-weak references.
-A weak reference is ignored by the garbage collector.
-In other words,
-if the only references to an object are weak references,
-then the garbage collector will collect this object.
-
-
-

-A weak table can have weak keys, weak values, or both.
-A table with weak keys allows the collection of its keys,
-but prevents the collection of its values.
-A table with both weak keys and weak values allows the collection of
-both keys and values.
-In any case, if either the key or the value is collected,
-the whole pair is removed from the table.
-The weakness of a table is controlled by the
-__mode field of its metatable.
-If the __mode field is a string containing the character 'k',
-the keys in the table are weak.
-If __mode contains 'v',
-the values in the table are weak.
-
-
-

-After you use a table as a metatable,
-you should not change the value of its __mode field.
-Otherwise, the weak behavior of the tables controlled by this
-metatable is undefined.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.11 - Coroutines

-
-

-Lua supports coroutines,
-also called collaborative multithreading.
-A coroutine in Lua represents an independent thread of execution.
-Unlike threads in multithread systems, however,
-a coroutine only suspends its execution by explicitly calling
-a yield function.
-
-
-

-You create a coroutine with a call to coroutine.create.
-Its sole argument is a function
-that is the main function of the coroutine.
-The create function only creates a new coroutine and
-returns a handle to it (an object of type thread);
-it does not start the coroutine execution.
-
-
-

-When you first call coroutine.resume,
-passing as its first argument
-a thread returned by coroutine.create,
-the coroutine starts its execution,
-at the first line of its main function.
-Extra arguments passed to coroutine.resume are passed on
-to the coroutine main function.
-After the coroutine starts running,
-it runs until it terminates or yields.
-
-
-

-A coroutine can terminate its execution in two ways:
-normally, when its main function returns
-(explicitly or implicitly, after the last instruction);
-and abnormally, if there is an unprotected error.
-In the first case, coroutine.resume returns true,
-plus any values returned by the coroutine main function.
-In case of errors, coroutine.resume returns false
-plus an error message.
-
-
-

-A coroutine yields by calling coroutine.yield.
-When a coroutine yields,
-the corresponding coroutine.resume returns immediately,
-even if the yield happens inside nested function calls
-(that is, not in the main function,
-but in a function directly or indirectly called by the main function).
-In the case of a yield, coroutine.resume also returns true,
-plus any values passed to coroutine.yield.
-The next time you resume the same coroutine,
-it continues its execution from the point where it yielded,
-with the call to coroutine.yield returning any extra
-arguments passed to coroutine.resume.
-
-
-

-Like coroutine.create,
-the coroutine.wrap function also creates a coroutine,
-but instead of returning the coroutine itself,
-it returns a function that, when called, resumes the coroutine.
-Any arguments passed to this function
-go as extra arguments to coroutine.resume.
-coroutine.wrap returns all the values returned by coroutine.resume,
-except the first one (the boolean error code).
-Unlike coroutine.resume,
-coroutine.wrap does not catch errors;
-any error is propagated to the caller.
-
-
-

-As an example,
-consider the following code:
-
-
-     function foo (a)
-       print("foo", a)
-       return coroutine.yield(2*a)
-     end
-     
-     co = coroutine.create(function (a,b)
-           print("co-body", a, b)
-           local r = foo(a+1)
-           print("co-body", r)
-           local r, s = coroutine.yield(a+b, a-b)
-           print("co-body", r, s)
-           return b, "end"
-     end)
-            
-     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, 1, 10))
-     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "r"))
-     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))
-     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))
-

-When you run it, it produces the following output:
-
-
-     co-body 1       10
-     foo     2
-     
-     main    true    4
-     co-body r
-     main    true    11      -9
-     co-body x       y
-     main    true    10      end
-     main    false   cannot resume dead coroutine
-

-
-
-
-
-
3 - The Application Program Interface

+
4 – The Application Program Interface

 
 

 
@@ -2247,7 +2495,8 @@ are declared in the header file lua.h.
 

 Even when we use the term "function",
 any facility in the API may be provided as a macro instead.
-All such macros use each of their arguments exactly once
+Except where stated otherwise,
+all such macros use each of their arguments exactly once
 (except for the first argument, which is always a Lua state),
 and so do not generate any hidden side-effects.
 
@@ -2256,12 +2505,11 @@ and so do not generate any hidden side-effects.
 As in most C libraries,
 the Lua API functions do not check their arguments for validity or consistency.
 However, you can change this behavior by compiling Lua
-with a proper definition for the macro luai_apicheck,
-in file luaconf.h.
+with the macro LUA_USE_APICHECK defined.
 
 
 
-
3.1 - The Stack

+
4.1 – The Stack

 
 

 Lua uses a virtual stack to pass values to and from C.
@@ -2283,9 +2531,9 @@ For convenience,
 most query operations in the API do not follow a strict stack discipline.
 Instead, they can refer to any element in the stack
 by using an index:
-A positive index represents an absolute stack position
+A positive index represents an absolute stack position
 (starting at 1);
-a negative index represents an offset relative to the top of the stack.
+a negative index represents an offset relative to the top of the stack.
 More specifically, if the stack has n elements,
 then index 1 represents the first element
 (that is, the element that was pushed onto the stack first)
@@ -2294,150 +2542,208 @@ index n represents the last element;
 index -1 also represents the last element
 (that is, the element at the top)
 and index -n represents the first element.
-We say that an index is valid
-if it lies between 1 and the stack top
-(that is, if 1 ≤ abs(index) ≤ top).
- 
 
 
 
 
 
-
3.2 - Stack Size

+
4.2 – Stack Size

 
 

-When you interact with Lua API,
+When you interact with the Lua API,
 you are responsible for ensuring consistency.
 In particular,
 you are responsible for controlling stack overflow.
 You can use the function lua_checkstack
-to grow the stack size.
+to ensure that the stack has extra slots when pushing new elements.
 
 
 

 Whenever Lua calls C,
-it ensures that at least LUA_MINSTACK stack positions are available.
+it ensures that the stack has at least LUA_MINSTACK extra slots.
 LUA_MINSTACK is defined as 20,
 so that usually you do not have to worry about stack space
 unless your code has loops pushing elements onto the stack.
 
 
 

-Most query functions accept as indices any value inside the
-available stack space, that is, indices up to the maximum stack size
-you have set through lua_checkstack.
-Such indices are called acceptable indices.
-More formally, we define an acceptable index
-as follows:
-
-
-     (index < 0 && abs(index) <= top) ||
-     (index > 0 && index <= stackspace)
-

-Note that 0 is never an acceptable index.
+When you call a Lua function
+without a fixed number of results (see lua_call),
+Lua ensures that the stack has enough size for all results,
+but it does not ensure any extra space.
+So, before pushing anything in the stack after such a call
+you should use lua_checkstack.
 
 
 
 
 
-
3.3 - Pseudo-Indices

+
4.3 – Valid and Acceptable Indices

+
+

+Any function in the API that receives stack indices
+works only with valid indices or acceptable indices.
+
+
+

+A valid index is an index that refers to a
+real position within the stack, that is,
+its position lies between 1 and the stack top
+(1 ≤ abs(index) ≤ top).
+
+Usually, functions that can modify the value at an index
+require valid indices.
+
 
 

 Unless otherwise noted,
-any function that accepts valid indices can also be called with
-pseudo-indices,
+any function that accepts valid indices also accepts pseudo-indices,
 which represent some Lua values that are accessible to C code
 but which are not in the stack.
-Pseudo-indices are used to access the thread environment,
-the function environment,
-the registry,
-and the upvalues of a C function (see §3.4).
+Pseudo-indices are used to access the registry
+and the upvalues of a C function (see §4.4).
 
 
 

-The thread environment (where global variables live) is
-always at pseudo-index LUA_GLOBALSINDEX.
-The environment of the running C function is always
-at pseudo-index LUA_ENVIRONINDEX.
+Functions that do not need a specific stack position,
+but only a value in the stack (e.g., query functions),
+can be called with acceptable indices.
+An acceptable index can be any valid index,
+including the pseudo-indices,
+but it also can be any positive index after the stack top
+within the space allocated for the stack,
+that is, indices up to the stack size.
+(Note that 0 is never an acceptable index.)
+Except when noted otherwise,
+functions in the API work with acceptable indices.
 
 
 

-To access and change the value of global variables,
-you can use regular table operations over an environment table.
-For instance, to access the value of a global variable, do
+Acceptable indices serve to avoid extra tests
+against the stack top when querying the stack.
+For instance, a C function can query its third argument
+without the need to first check whether there is a third argument,
+that is, without the need to check whether 3 is a valid index.
 
-
-     lua_getfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, varname);
-

+
+

+For functions that can be called with acceptable indices,
+any non-valid index is treated as if it
+contains a value of a virtual type LUA_TNONE,
+which behaves like a nil value.
 
 
 
 
-
3.4 - C Closures

+
+
4.4 – C Closures

 
 

 When a C function is created,
 it is possible to associate some values with it,
-thus creating a C closure;
+thus creating a C closure
+(see lua_pushcclosure);
 these values are called upvalues and are
-accessible to the function whenever it is called
-(see lua_pushcclosure).
+accessible to the function whenever it is called.
 
 
 

 Whenever a C function is called,
 its upvalues are located at specific pseudo-indices.
 These pseudo-indices are produced by the macro
-lua_upvalueindex.
+lua_upvalueindex.
 The first value associated with a function is at position
 lua_upvalueindex(1), and so on.
 Any access to lua_upvalueindex(n),
 where n is greater than the number of upvalues of the
 current function (but not greater than 256),
-produces an acceptable (but invalid) index.
+produces an acceptable but invalid index.
 
 
 
 
 
-
3.5 - Registry

+
4.5 – Registry

 
 

 Lua provides a registry,
-a pre-defined table that can be used by any C code to
-store whatever Lua value it needs to store.
-This table is always located at pseudo-index
-LUA_REGISTRYINDEX.
+a predefined table that can be used by any C code to
+store whatever Lua values it needs to store.
+The registry table is always located at pseudo-index
+LUA_REGISTRYINDEX,
+which is a valid index.
 Any C library can store data into this table,
-but it should take care to choose keys different from those used
+but it should take care to choose keys
+that are different from those used
 by other libraries, to avoid collisions.
-Typically, you should use as key a string containing your library name
-or a light userdata with the address of a C object in your code.
+Typically, you should use as key a string containing your library name,
+or a light userdata with the address of a C object in your code,
+or any Lua object created by your code.
+As with global names,
+string keys starting with an underscore followed by
+uppercase letters are reserved for Lua.
 
 
 

 The integer keys in the registry are used by the reference mechanism,
 implemented by the auxiliary library,
-and therefore should not be used for other purposes.
+and by some predefined values.
+Therefore, integer keys should not be used for other purposes.
+
+
+

+When you create a new Lua state,
+its registry comes with some predefined values.
+These predefined values are indexed with integer keys
+defined as constants in lua.h.
+The following constants are defined:
+
+
    
+
  • LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD:  At this index the registry has
+the main thread of the state.
+(The main thread is the one created together with the state.)
+
    • 
+
+
  • LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS:  At this index the registry has
+the global environment.
+
    • 
+

 
 
 
 
-
-
3.6 - Error Handling in C

+
4.6 – Error Handling in C

 
 

 Internally, Lua uses the C longjmp facility to handle errors.
-(You can also choose to use exceptions if you use C++;
-see file luaconf.h.)
+(You can also choose to use exceptions if you compile Lua as C++;
+search for LUAI_THROW in the source code.)
 When Lua faces any error
-(such as memory allocation errors, type errors, syntax errors,
+(such as a memory allocation error, type errors, syntax errors,
 and runtime errors)
 it raises an error;
 that is, it does a long jump.
 A protected environment uses setjmp
-to set a recover point;
-any error jumps to the most recent active recover point.
+to set a recovery point;
+any error jumps to the most recent active recovery point.
+
+
+

+If an error happens outside any protected environment,
+Lua calls a panic function (see lua_atpanic)
+and then calls abort,
+thus exiting the host application.
+Your panic function can avoid this exit by
+never returning
+(e.g., doing a long jump to your own recovery point outside Lua).
+
+
+

+The panic function runs as if it were a message handler (see §2.3);
+in particular, the error message is at the top of the stack.
+However, there is no guarantees about stack space.
+To push anything on the stack,
+the panic function should first check the available space (see §4.2).
 
 
 

@@ -2454,7 +2760,74 @@ Inside a C function you can throw an error by calling 
 
 
 
-
3.7 - Functions and Types

+
4.7 – Handling Yields in C

+
+

+Internally, Lua uses the C longjmp facility to yield a coroutine.
+Therefore, if a function foo calls an API function
+and this API function yields
+(directly or indirectly by calling another function that yields),
+Lua cannot return to foo any more,
+because the longjmp removes its frame from the C stack.
+
+
+

+To avoid this kind of problem,
+Lua raises an error whenever it tries to yield across an API call,
+except for three functions:
+lua_yieldk, lua_callk, and lua_pcallk.
+All those functions receive a continuation function
+(as a parameter called k) to continue execution after a yield.
+
+
+

+We need to set some terminology to explain continuations.
+We have a C function called from Lua which we will call
+the original function.
+This original function then calls one of those three functions in the C API,
+which we will call the callee function,
+that then yields the current thread.
+(This can happen when the callee function is lua_yieldk,
+or when the callee function is either lua_callk or lua_pcallk
+and the function called by them yields.)
+
+
+

+Suppose the running thread yields while executing the callee function.
+After the thread resumes,
+it eventually will finish running the callee function.
+However,
+the callee function cannot return to the original function,
+because its frame in the C stack was destroyed by the yield.
+Instead, Lua calls a continuation function,
+which was given as an argument to the callee function.
+As the name implies,
+the continuation function should continue the task
+of the original function.
+
+
+

+Lua treats the continuation function as if it were the original function.
+The continuation function receives the same Lua stack
+from the original function,
+in the same state it would be if the callee function had returned.
+(For instance,
+after a lua_callk the function and its arguments are
+removed from the stack and replaced by the results from the call.)
+It also has the same upvalues.
+Whatever it returns is handled by Lua as if it were the return
+of the original function.
+
+
+

+The only difference in the Lua state between the original function
+and its continuation is the result of a call to lua_getctx.
+
+
+
+
+
+
4.8 – Functions and Types

 
 

 Here we list all functions and types from the C API in
@@ -2479,13 +2852,23 @@ by looking only at its arguments
 The third field, x,
 tells whether the function may throw errors:
 '-' means the function never throws any error;
-'m' means the function may throw an error
-only due to not enough memory;
-'e' means the function may throw other kinds of errors;
+'e' means the function may throw errors;
 'v' means the function may throw an error on purpose.
 
 
 
+
lua_absindex

+[-0, +0, –]
+
int lua_absindex (lua_State *L, int idx);

+
+

+Converts the acceptable index idx into an absolute index
+(that is, one that does not depend on the stack top).
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_Alloc

 
typedef void * (*lua_Alloc) (void *ud,
                              void *ptr,
@@ -2500,18 +2883,43 @@ but not exactly the same.
 Its arguments are
 ud, an opaque pointer passed to lua_newstate;
 ptr, a pointer to the block being allocated/reallocated/freed;
-osize, the original size of the block;
+osize, the original size of the block or some code about what
+is being allocated;
 nsize, the new size of the block.
-ptr is NULL if and only if osize is zero.
-When nsize is zero, the allocator must return NULL;
-if osize is not zero,
-it should free the block pointed to by ptr.
-When nsize is not zero, the allocator returns NULL
-if and only if it cannot fill the request.
-When nsize is not zero and osize is zero,
-the allocator should behave like malloc.
-When nsize and osize are not zero,
-the allocator behaves like realloc.
+
+
+

+When ptr is not NULL,
+osize is the size of the block pointed by ptr,
+that is, the size given when it was allocated or reallocated.
+
+
+

+When ptr is NULL,
+osize encodes the kind of object that Lua is allocating.
+osize is any of
+LUA_TSTRING, LUA_TTABLE, LUA_TFUNCTION,
+LUA_TUSERDATA, or LUA_TTHREAD when (and only when)
+Lua is creating a new object of that type.
+When osize is some other value,
+Lua is allocating memory for something else.
+
+
+

+Lua assumes the following behavior from the allocator function:
+
+
+

+When nsize is zero,
+the allocator should behave like free
+and return NULL.
+
+
+

+When nsize is not zero,
+the allocator should behave like realloc.
+The allocator returns NULL
+if and only if it cannot fulfill the request.
 Lua assumes that the allocator never fails when
 osize >= nsize.
 
@@ -2532,41 +2940,62 @@ It is used in the auxiliary library by luaL_newst
          return realloc(ptr, nsize);
      }
 

-This code assumes
+Note that Standard C ensures
 that free(NULL) has no effect and that
 realloc(NULL, size) is equivalent to malloc(size).
-ANSI C ensures both behaviors.
+This code assumes that realloc does not fail when shrinking a block.
+(Although Standard C does not ensure this behavior,
+it seems to be a safe assumption.)
 
 
 
 
 
+
lua_arith

+[-(2|1), +1, e]
+
void lua_arith (lua_State *L, int op);

+
+

+Performs an arithmetic operation over the two values
+(or one, in the case of negation)
+at the top of the stack,
+with the value at the top being the second operand,
+pops these values, and pushes the result of the operation.
+The function follows the semantics of the corresponding Lua operator
+(that is, it may call metamethods).
+
+
+

+The value of op must be one of the following constants:
+
+

+
+
+
+
 
lua_atpanic

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
lua_CFunction lua_atpanic (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction panicf);

 
 

-Sets a new panic function and returns the old one.
-
-
-

-If an error happens outside any protected environment,
-Lua calls a panic function
-and then calls exit(EXIT_FAILURE),
-thus exiting the host application.
-Your panic function can avoid this exit by
-never returning (e.g., doing a long jump).
-
-
-

-The panic function can access the error message at the top of the stack.
+Sets a new panic function and returns the old one (see §4.6).
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_call

-[-(nargs + 1), +nresults, e]
+[-(nargs+1), +nresults, e]
 
void lua_call (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults);

 
 

@@ -2586,7 +3015,7 @@ when the function is called.
 The function results are pushed onto the stack when the function returns.
 The number of results is adjusted to nresults,
 unless nresults is LUA_MULTRET.
-In this case, all results from the function are pushed.
+In this case, all results from the function are pushed.
 Lua takes care that the returned values fit into the stack space.
 The function results are pushed onto the stack in direct order
 (the first result is pushed first),
@@ -2608,14 +3037,14 @@ equivalent to this Lua code:
 Here it is in C:
 
 
-     lua_getfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, "f"); /* function to be called */
+     lua_getglobal(L, "f");                  /* function to be called */
      lua_pushstring(L, "how");                        /* 1st argument */
-     lua_getfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, "t");   /* table to be indexed */
+     lua_getglobal(L, "t");                    /* table to be indexed */
      lua_getfield(L, -1, "x");        /* push result of t.x (2nd arg) */
      lua_remove(L, -2);                  /* remove 't' from the stack */
      lua_pushinteger(L, 14);                          /* 3rd argument */
      lua_call(L, 3, 1);     /* call 'f' with 3 arguments and 1 result */
-     lua_setfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, "a");        /* set global 'a' */
+     lua_setglobal(L, "a");                         /* set global 'a' */
 

 Note that the code above is "balanced":
 at its end, the stack is back to its original configuration.
@@ -2625,6 +3054,19 @@ This is considered good programming practice.
 
 
 
+
lua_callk

+[-(nargs + 1), +nresults, e]
+
void lua_callk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int ctx,
+                lua_CFunction k);

+
+

+This function behaves exactly like lua_call,
+but allows the called function to yield (see §4.7).
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_CFunction

 
typedef int (*lua_CFunction) (lua_State *L);

 
@@ -2677,12 +3119,15 @@ of numerical arguments and returns their average and sum:
 
 
 
lua_checkstack

-[-0, +0, m]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_checkstack (lua_State *L, int extra);

 
 

 Ensures that there are at least extra free stack slots in the stack.
-It returns false if it cannot grow the stack to that size.
+It returns false if it cannot fulfill the request,
+because it would cause the stack to be larger than a fixed maximum size
+(typically at least a few thousand elements) or
+because it cannot allocate memory for the new stack size.
 This function never shrinks the stack;
 if the stack is already larger than the new size,
 it is left unchanged.
@@ -2692,7 +3137,7 @@ it is left unchanged.
 
 
 
lua_close

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
void lua_close (lua_State *L);

 
 

@@ -2701,15 +3146,42 @@ Destroys all objects in the given Lua state
 and frees all dynamic memory used by this state.
 On several platforms, you may not need to call this function,
 because all resources are naturally released when the host program ends.
-On the other hand, long-running programs,
-such as a daemon or a web server,
-might need to release states as soon as they are not needed,
-to avoid growing too large.
+On the other hand, long-running programs that create multiple states,
+such as daemons or web servers,
+might need to close states as soon as they are not needed.
 
 
 
 
 
+
lua_compare

+[-0, +0, e]
+
int lua_compare (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2, int op);

+
+

+Compares two Lua values.
+Returns 1 if the value at index index1 satisfies op
+when compared with the value at index index2,
+following the semantics of the corresponding Lua operator
+(that is, it may call metamethods).
+Otherwise returns 0.
+Also returns 0 if any of the indices is non valid.
+
+
+

+The value of op must be one of the following constants:
+
+
    
+
+
  • LUA_OPEQ:  compares for equality (==)
    • 
+
  • LUA_OPLT:  compares for less than (<)
    • 
+
  • LUA_OPLE:  compares for less or equal (<=)
    • 
+
+

+
+
+
+
 
lua_concat

 [-n, +1, e]
 
void lua_concat (lua_State *L, int n);

@@ -2721,40 +3193,39 @@ If n is 1, the result is the single value on the stack
 (that is, the function does nothing);
 if n is 0, the result is the empty string.
 Concatenation is performed following the usual semantics of Lua
-(see §2.5.4).
+(see §3.4.5).
 
 
 
 
 
-
lua_cpcall

-[-0, +(0|1), -]
-
int lua_cpcall (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction func, void *ud);

+
lua_copy

+[-0, +0, –]
+
void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx);

 
 

-Calls the C function func in protected mode.
-func starts with only one element in its stack,
-a light userdata containing ud.
-In case of errors,
-lua_cpcall returns the same error codes as lua_pcall,
-plus the error object on the top of the stack;
-otherwise, it returns zero, and does not change the stack.
-All values returned by func are discarded.
+Moves the element at index fromidx
+into the valid index toidx
+without shifting any element
+(therefore replacing the value at that position).
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_createtable

-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
void lua_createtable (lua_State *L, int narr, int nrec);

 
 

 Creates a new empty table and pushes it onto the stack.
-The new table has space pre-allocated
-for narr array elements and nrec non-array elements.
-This pre-allocation is useful when you know exactly how many elements
+Parameter narr is a hint for how many elements the table
+will have as a sequence;
+parameter nrec is a hint for how many other elements
 the table will have.
+Lua may use these hints to preallocate memory for the new table.
+This pre-allocation is useful for performance when you know in advance
+how many elements the table will have.
 Otherwise you can use the function lua_newtable.
 
 
@@ -2762,7 +3233,7 @@ Otherwise you can use the function lua_newtable
lua_dump

-[-0, +0, m]
+[-0, +0, e]
 
int lua_dump (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data);

 
 

@@ -2790,22 +3261,6 @@ This function does not pop the Lua function from the stack.
 
 
 
-
lua_equal

-[-0, +0, e]
-
int lua_equal (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2);

-
-

-Returns 1 if the two values in acceptable indices index1 and
-index2 are equal,
-following the semantics of the Lua == operator
-(that is, may call metamethods).
-Otherwise returns 0.
-Also returns 0 if any of the indices is non valid.
-
-
-
-
-
 
lua_error

 [-1, +0, v]
 
int lua_error (lua_State *L);

@@ -2815,7 +3270,7 @@ Generates a Lua error.
 The error message (which can actually be a Lua value of any type)
 must be on the stack top.
 This function does a long jump,
-and therefore never returns.
+and therefore never returns
 (see luaL_error).
 
 
@@ -2836,28 +3291,28 @@ according to the value of the parameter what:
 
 
    
 
-
  • LUA_GCSTOP:
+
  • LUA_GCSTOP: 
 stops the garbage collector.
 
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_GCRESTART:
+
  • LUA_GCRESTART: 
 restarts the garbage collector.
 
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_GCCOLLECT:
+
  • LUA_GCCOLLECT: 
 performs a full garbage-collection cycle.
 
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_GCCOUNT:
+
  • LUA_GCCOUNT: 
 returns the current amount of memory (in Kbytes) in use by Lua.
 
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_GCCOUNTB:
+
  • LUA_GCCOUNTB: 
 returns the remainder of dividing the current amount of bytes of
 memory in use by Lua by 1024.
 
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_GCSTEP:
+
  • LUA_GCSTEP: 
 performs an incremental step of garbage collection.
 The step "size" is controlled by data
 (larger values mean more steps) in a non-specified way.
@@ -2867,25 +3322,45 @@ The function returns 1 if the step finished a
 garbage-collection cycle.
 
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_GCSETPAUSE:
+
  • LUA_GCSETPAUSE: 
 sets data as the new value
-for the pause of the collector (see §2.10).
+for the pause of the collector (see §2.5).
 The function returns the previous value of the pause.
 
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL:
+
  • LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL: 
 sets data as the new value for the step multiplier of
-the collector (see §2.10).
+the collector (see §2.5).
 The function returns the previous value of the step multiplier.
 
    • 
 
+
  • LUA_GCISRUNNING: 
+returns a boolean that tells whether the collector is running
+(i.e., not stopped).
+
    • 
+
+
  • LUA_GCGEN: 
+changes the collector to generational mode
+(see §2.5).
+
    • 
+
+
  • LUA_GCINC: 
+changes the collector to incremental mode.
+This is the default mode.
+
    • 
+
 

 
+

+For more details about these options,
+see collectgarbage.
+
+
 
 
 
 
lua_getallocf

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
lua_Alloc lua_getallocf (lua_State *L, void **ud);

 
 

@@ -2897,13 +3372,37 @@ opaque pointer passed to lua_newstate.
 
 
 
-
lua_getfenv

-[-0, +1, -]
-
void lua_getfenv (lua_State *L, int index);

+
lua_getctx

+[-0, +0, –]
+
int lua_getctx (lua_State *L, int *ctx);

 
 

-Pushes onto the stack the environment table of
-the value at the given index.
+This function is called by a continuation function (see §4.7)
+to retrieve the status of the thread and a context information.
+
+
+

+When called in the original function,
+lua_getctx always returns LUA_OK
+and does not change the value of its argument ctx.
+When called inside a continuation function,
+lua_getctx returns LUA_YIELD and sets
+the value of ctx to be the context information
+(the value passed as the ctx argument
+to the callee together with the continuation function).
+
+
+

+When the callee is lua_pcallk,
+Lua may also call its continuation function
+to handle errors during the call.
+That is, upon an error in the function called by lua_pcallk,
+Lua may not return to the original function
+but instead may call the continuation function.
+In that case, a call to lua_getctx will return the error code
+(the value that would be returned by lua_pcallk);
+the value of ctx will be set to the context information,
+as in the case of a yield.
 
 
 
@@ -2915,9 +3414,9 @@ the value at the given index.
 
 

 Pushes onto the stack the value t[k],
-where t is the value at the given valid index.
+where t is the value at the given index.
 As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod
-for the "index" event (see §2.8).
+for the "index" event (see §2.4).
 
 
 
@@ -2929,24 +3428,18 @@ for the "index" event (see §2.8).
 
 

 Pushes onto the stack the value of the global name.
-It is defined as a macro:
 
-
-     #define lua_getglobal(L,s)  lua_getfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, s)
-

 
 
 
 
 
lua_getmetatable

-[-0, +(0|1), -]
+[-0, +(0|1), –]
 
int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Pushes onto the stack the metatable of the value at the given
-acceptable index.
-If the index is not valid,
-or if the value does not have a metatable,
+Pushes onto the stack the metatable of the value at the given index.
+If the value does not have a metatable,
 the function returns 0 and pushes nothing on the stack.
 
 
@@ -2959,7 +3452,7 @@ the function returns 0 and pushes nothing on the stack.
 
 

 Pushes onto the stack the value t[k],
-where t is the value at the given valid index
+where t is the value at the given index
 and k is the value at the top of the stack.
 
 
@@ -2967,14 +3460,14 @@ and k is the value at the top of the stack.
 This function pops the key from the stack
 (putting the resulting value in its place).
 As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod
-for the "index" event (see §2.8).
+for the "index" event (see §2.4).
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_gettop

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_gettop (lua_State *L);

 
 

@@ -2987,14 +3480,27 @@ this result is equal to the number of elements in the stack
 
 
 
+
lua_getuservalue

+[-0, +1, –]
+
void lua_getuservalue (lua_State *L, int index);

+
+

+Pushes onto the stack the Lua value associated with the userdata
+at the given index.
+This Lua value must be a table or nil.
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_insert

-[-1, +1, -]
+[-1, +1, –]
 
void lua_insert (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

 Moves the top element into the given valid index,
 shifting up the elements above this index to open space.
-Cannot be called with a pseudo-index,
+This function cannot be called with a pseudo-index,
 because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position.
 
 
@@ -3005,7 +3511,7 @@ because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position.
 
typedef ptrdiff_t lua_Integer;

 
 

-The type used by the Lua API to represent integral values.
+The type used by the Lua API to represent signed integral values.
 
 
 

@@ -3018,11 +3524,11 @@ which is usually the largest signed integral type the machine handles
 
 
 
lua_isboolean

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_isboolean (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index has type boolean,
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a boolean,
 and 0 otherwise.
 
 
@@ -3030,11 +3536,11 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_iscfunction

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_iscfunction (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is a C function,
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a C function,
 and 0 otherwise.
 
 
@@ -3042,11 +3548,11 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_isfunction

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_isfunction (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is a function
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a function
 (either C or Lua), and 0 otherwise.
 
 
@@ -3054,11 +3560,11 @@ Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is a function
 
 
 
lua_islightuserdata

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_islightuserdata (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is a light userdata,
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a light userdata,
 and 0 otherwise.
 
 
@@ -3066,11 +3572,11 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_isnil

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_isnil (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is nil,
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is nil,
 and 0 otherwise.
 
 
@@ -3078,12 +3584,11 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_isnone

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_isnone (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the given acceptable index is not valid
-(that is, it refers to an element outside the current stack),
+Returns 1 if the given index is not valid,
 and 0 otherwise.
 
 
@@ -3091,12 +3596,11 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_isnoneornil

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_isnoneornil (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the given acceptable index is not valid
-(that is, it refers to an element outside the current stack)
+Returns 1 if the given index is not valid
 or if the value at this index is nil,
 and 0 otherwise.
 
@@ -3105,11 +3609,11 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_isnumber

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_isnumber (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is a number
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a number
 or a string convertible to a number,
 and 0 otherwise.
 
@@ -3118,11 +3622,11 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_isstring

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_isstring (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is a string
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a string
 or a number (which is always convertible to a string),
 and 0 otherwise.
 
@@ -3131,11 +3635,11 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_istable

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_istable (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is a table,
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a table,
 and 0 otherwise.
 
 
@@ -3143,11 +3647,11 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_isthread

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_isthread (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is a thread,
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a thread,
 and 0 otherwise.
 
 
@@ -3155,103 +3659,122 @@ and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
lua_isuserdata

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_isuserdata (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at the given acceptable index is a userdata
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a userdata
 (either full or light), and 0 otherwise.
 
 
 
 
 
-
lua_lessthan

-[-0, +0, e]
-
int lua_lessthan (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2);

+
lua_len

+[-0, +1, e]
+
void lua_len (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the value at acceptable index index1 is smaller
-than the value at acceptable index index2,
-following the semantics of the Lua < operator
-(that is, may call metamethods).
-Otherwise returns 0.
-Also returns 0 if any of the indices is non valid.
+Returns the "length" of the value at the given index;
+it is equivalent to the '#' operator in Lua (see §3.4.6).
+The result is pushed on the stack.
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_load

-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
int lua_load (lua_State *L,
               lua_Reader reader,
               void *data,
-              const char *chunkname);

+              const char *source,
+              const char *mode);

 
 

-Loads a Lua chunk.
+Loads a Lua chunk (without running it).
 If there are no errors,
-lua_load pushes the compiled chunk as a Lua
+lua_load pushes the compiled chunk as a Lua
 function on top of the stack.
 Otherwise, it pushes an error message.
-The return values of lua_load are:
+
+
+

+The return values of lua_load are:
 
 
    
 
-
  • 0: no errors;
    • 
+
  • LUA_OK:  no errors;
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_ERRSYNTAX:
-syntax error during pre-compilation;
    • 
+
  • LUA_ERRSYNTAX: 
+syntax error during precompilation;
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_ERRMEM:
-memory allocation error.
    • 
+
  • LUA_ERRMEM: 
+memory allocation error;
    • 
+
+
  • LUA_ERRGCMM: 
+error while running a __gc metamethod.
+(This error has no relation with the chunk being loaded.
+It is generated by the garbage collector.)
+
    • 
 
 

 
 

-This function only loads a chunk;
-it does not run it.
-
-
-

-lua_load automatically detects whether the chunk is text or binary,
-and loads it accordingly (see program luac).
-
-
-

-The lua_load function uses a user-supplied reader function
+The lua_load function uses a user-supplied reader function
 to read the chunk (see lua_Reader).
 The data argument is an opaque value passed to the reader function.
 
 
 

-The chunkname argument gives a name to the chunk,
-which is used for error messages and in debug information (see §3.8).
+The source argument gives a name to the chunk,
+which is used for error messages and in debug information (see §4.9).
+
+
+

+lua_load automatically detects whether the chunk is text or binary
+and loads it accordingly (see program luac).
+The string mode works as in function load,
+with the addition that
+a NULL value is equivalent to the string "bt".
+
+
+

+lua_load uses the stack internally,
+so the reader function should always leave the stack
+unmodified when returning.
+
+
+

+If the resulting function has one upvalue,
+this upvalue is set to the value of the global environment
+stored at index LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS in the registry (see §4.5).
+When loading main chunks,
+this upvalue will be the _ENV variable (see §2.2).
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_newstate

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
lua_State *lua_newstate (lua_Alloc f, void *ud);

 
 

-Creates a new, independent state.
-Returns NULL if cannot create the state
+Creates a new thread running in a new, independent state.
+Returns NULL if cannot create the thread or the state
 (due to lack of memory).
 The argument f is the allocator function;
 Lua does all memory allocation for this state through this function.
 The second argument, ud, is an opaque pointer that Lua
-simply passes to the allocator in every call.
+passes to the allocator in every call.
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_newtable

-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
void lua_newtable (lua_State *L);

 
 

@@ -3263,14 +3786,14 @@ It is equivalent to lua_createtable(L, 0, 0).
 
 
 
lua_newthread

-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L);

 
 

 Creates a new thread, pushes it on the stack,
 and returns a pointer to a lua_State that represents this new thread.
-The new state returned by this function shares with the original state
-all global objects (such as tables),
+The new thread returned by this function shares with the original thread
+its global environment,
 but has an independent execution stack.
 
 
@@ -3284,29 +3807,14 @@ like any Lua object.
 
 
 
lua_newuserdata

-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
void *lua_newuserdata (lua_State *L, size_t size);

 
 

 This function allocates a new block of memory with the given size,
 pushes onto the stack a new full userdata with the block address,
 and returns this address.
-
-
-

-Userdata represent C values in Lua.
-A full userdata represents a block of memory.
-It is an object (like a table):
-you must create it, it can have its own metatable,
-and you can detect when it is being collected.
-A full userdata is only equal to itself (under raw equality).
-
-
-

-When Lua collects a full userdata with a gc metamethod,
-Lua calls the metamethod and marks the userdata as finalized.
-When this userdata is collected again then
-Lua frees its corresponding memory.
+The host program can freely use this memory.
 
 
 
@@ -3318,7 +3826,7 @@ Lua frees its corresponding memory.
 
 

 Pops a key from the stack,
-and pushes a key-value pair from the table at the given index
+and pushes a key–value pair from the table at the given index
 (the "next" pair after the given key).
 If there are no more elements in the table,
 then lua_next returns 0 (and pushes nothing).
@@ -3344,11 +3852,16 @@ A typical traversal looks like this:
 While traversing a table,
 do not call lua_tolstring directly on a key,
 unless you know that the key is actually a string.
-Recall that lua_tolstring changes
+Recall that lua_tolstring may change
 the value at the given index;
 this confuses the next call to lua_next.
 
 
+

+See function next for the caveats of modifying
+the table during its traversal.
+
+
 
 
 
@@ -3358,35 +3871,16 @@ this confuses the next call to lua_next.
 

 The type of numbers in Lua.
 By default, it is double, but that can be changed in luaconf.h.
-
-
-

-Through the configuration file you can change
+Through this configuration file you can change
 Lua to operate with another type for numbers (e.g., float or long).
 
 
 
 
 
-
lua_objlen

-[-0, +0, -]
-
size_t lua_objlen (lua_State *L, int index);

-
-

-Returns the "length" of the value at the given acceptable index:
-for strings, this is the string length;
-for tables, this is the result of the length operator ('#');
-for userdata, this is the size of the block of memory allocated
-for the userdata;
-for other values, it is 0.
-
-
-
-
-
 
lua_pcall

-[-(nargs + 1), +(nresults|1), -]
-
int lua_pcall (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc);

+[-(nargs + 1), +(nresults|1), –]
+
int lua_pcall (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int msgh);

 
 

 Calls a function in protected mode.
@@ -3407,42 +3901,51 @@ and its arguments from the stack.
 
 
 

-If errfunc is 0,
+If msgh is 0,
 then the error message returned on the stack
 is exactly the original error message.
-Otherwise, errfunc is the stack index of an
-error handler function.
+Otherwise, msgh is the stack index of a
+message handler.
 (In the current implementation, this index cannot be a pseudo-index.)
 In case of runtime errors,
 this function will be called with the error message
-and its return value will be the message returned on the stack by lua_pcall.
+and its return value will be the message
+returned on the stack by lua_pcall.
 
 
 

-Typically, the error handler function is used to add more debug
+Typically, the message handler is used to add more debug
 information to the error message, such as a stack traceback.
 Such information cannot be gathered after the return of lua_pcall,
 since by then the stack has unwound.
 
 
 

-The lua_pcall function returns 0 in case of success
-or one of the following error codes
+The lua_pcall function returns one of the following codes
 (defined in lua.h):
 
 
    
 
-
  • LUA_ERRRUN:
+
  • LUA_OK (0): 
+success.
    • 
+
+
  • LUA_ERRRUN: 
 a runtime error.
 
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_ERRMEM:
+
  • LUA_ERRMEM: 
 memory allocation error.
-For such errors, Lua does not call the error handler function.
+For such errors, Lua does not call the message handler.
 
    • 
 
-
  • LUA_ERRERR:
-error while running the error handler function.
+
  • LUA_ERRERR: 
+error while running the message handler.
+
    • 
+
+
  • LUA_ERRGCMM: 
+error while running a __gc metamethod.
+(This error typically has no relation with the function being called.
+It is generated by the garbage collector.)
 
    • 
 
 

@@ -3450,8 +3953,25 @@ error while running the error handler function.
 
 
 
+
lua_pcallk

+[-(nargs + 1), +(nresults|1), –]
+
int lua_pcallk (lua_State *L,
+                int nargs,
+                int nresults,
+                int errfunc,
+                int ctx,
+                lua_CFunction k);

+
+

+This function behaves exactly like lua_pcall,
+but allows the called function to yield (see §4.7).
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_pop

-[-n, +0, -]
+[-n, +0, –]
 
void lua_pop (lua_State *L, int n);

 
 

@@ -3462,7 +3982,7 @@ Pops n elements from the stack.
 
 
 
lua_pushboolean

-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
void lua_pushboolean (lua_State *L, int b);

 
 

@@ -3473,7 +3993,7 @@ Pushes a boolean value with value b onto the stack.
 
 
 
lua_pushcclosure

-[-n, +1, m]
+[-n, +1, e]
 
void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n);

 
 

@@ -3483,7 +4003,7 @@ Pushes a new C closure onto the stack.
 

 When a C function is created,
 it is possible to associate some values with it,
-thus creating a C closure (see §3.4);
+thus creating a C closure (see §4.4);
 these values are then accessible to the function whenever it is called.
 To associate values with a C function,
 first these values should be pushed onto the stack
@@ -3499,11 +4019,18 @@ associated with the function.
 The maximum value for n is 255.
 
 
+

+When n is zero,
+this function creates a light C function,
+which is just a pointer to the C function.
+In that case, it never throws a memory error.
+
+
 
 
 
 
lua_pushcfunction

-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
void lua_pushcfunction (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction f);

 
 

@@ -3524,19 +4051,21 @@ and return its results (see lua_CFunction<
 
 
      #define lua_pushcfunction(L,f)  lua_pushcclosure(L,f,0)
-

+

+Note that f is used twice.
+
 
 
 
 
 
lua_pushfstring

-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
const char *lua_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);

 
 

 Pushes onto the stack a formatted string
 and returns a pointer to this string.
-It is similar to the C function sprintf,
+It is similar to the ANSI C function sprintf,
 but has some important differences:
 
 
    
@@ -3556,7 +4085,7 @@ The conversion specifiers can only be
 '%f' (inserts a lua_Number),
 '%p' (inserts a pointer as a hexadecimal numeral),
 '%d' (inserts an int), and
-'%c' (inserts an int as a character).
+'%c' (inserts an int as a byte).
 
 
 

@@ -3564,8 +4093,19 @@ The conversion specifiers can only be
 
 
 
+
lua_pushglobaltable

+[-0, +1, –]
+
void lua_pushglobaltable (lua_State *L);

+
+

+Pushes the global environment onto the stack.
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_pushinteger

-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
void lua_pushinteger (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n);

 
 

@@ -3576,7 +4116,7 @@ Pushes a number with value n onto the stack.
 
 
 
lua_pushlightuserdata

-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
void lua_pushlightuserdata (lua_State *L, void *p);

 
 

@@ -3585,7 +4125,7 @@ Pushes a light userdata onto the stack.
 
 

 Userdata represent C values in Lua.
-A light userdata represents a pointer.
+A light userdata represents a pointer, a void*.
 It is a value (like a number):
 you do not create it, it has no individual metatable,
 and it is not collected (as it was never created).
@@ -3597,21 +4137,21 @@ light userdata with the same C address.
 
 
 
lua_pushliteral

-[-0, +1, m]
-
void lua_pushliteral (lua_State *L, const char *s);

+[-0, +1, e]
+
const char *lua_pushliteral (lua_State *L, const char *s);

 
 

 This macro is equivalent to lua_pushlstring,
 but can be used only when s is a literal string.
-In these cases, it automatically provides the string length.
+It automatically provides the string length.
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_pushlstring

-[-0, +1, m]
-
void lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len);

+[-0, +1, e]
+
const char *lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len);

 
 

 Pushes the string pointed to by s with size len
@@ -3619,14 +4159,19 @@ onto the stack.
 Lua makes (or reuses) an internal copy of the given string,
 so the memory at s can be freed or reused immediately after
 the function returns.
-The string can contain embedded zeros.
+The string can contain any binary data,
+including embedded zeros.
+
+
+

+Returns a pointer to the internal copy of the string.
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_pushnil

-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
void lua_pushnil (lua_State *L);

 
 

@@ -3637,7 +4182,7 @@ Pushes a nil value onto the stack.
 
 
 
lua_pushnumber

-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
void lua_pushnumber (lua_State *L, lua_Number n);

 
 

@@ -3648,8 +4193,8 @@ Pushes a number with value n onto the stack.
 
 
 
lua_pushstring

-[-0, +1, m]
-
void lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s);

+[-0, +1, e]
+
const char *lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s);

 
 

 Pushes the zero-terminated string pointed to by s
@@ -3657,15 +4202,21 @@ onto the stack.
 Lua makes (or reuses) an internal copy of the given string,
 so the memory at s can be freed or reused immediately after
 the function returns.
-The string cannot contain embedded zeros;
-it is assumed to end at the first zero.
+
+
+

+Returns a pointer to the internal copy of the string.
+
+
+

+If s is NULL, pushes nil and returns NULL.
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_pushthread

-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L);

 
 

@@ -3676,12 +4227,23 @@ Returns 1 if this thread is the main thread of its state.
 
 
 
+
lua_pushunsigned

+[-0, +1, –]
+
void lua_pushunsigned (lua_State *L, lua_Unsigned n);

+
+

+Pushes a number with value n onto the stack.
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_pushvalue

-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
void lua_pushvalue (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Pushes a copy of the element at the given valid index
+Pushes a copy of the element at the given index
 onto the stack.
 
 
@@ -3689,7 +4251,7 @@ onto the stack.
 
 
 
lua_pushvfstring

-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
const char *lua_pushvfstring (lua_State *L,
                               const char *fmt,
                               va_list argp);

@@ -3703,11 +4265,11 @@ instead of a variable number of arguments.
 
 
 
lua_rawequal

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_rawequal (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2);

 
 

-Returns 1 if the two values in acceptable indices index1 and
+Returns 1 if the two values in indices index1 and
 index2 are primitively equal
 (that is, without calling metamethods).
 Otherwise returns 0.
@@ -3718,7 +4280,7 @@ Also returns 0 if any of the indices are non valid.
 
 
 
lua_rawget

-[-1, +1, -]
+[-1, +1, –]
 
void lua_rawget (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

@@ -3730,12 +4292,12 @@ Similar to lua_gettable, but does a raw
 
 
 
lua_rawgeti

-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
void lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int index, int n);

 
 

 Pushes onto the stack the value t[n],
-where t is the value at the given valid index.
+where t is the table at the given index.
 The access is raw;
 that is, it does not invoke metamethods.
 
@@ -3743,8 +4305,40 @@ that is, it does not invoke metamethods.
 
 
 
+
lua_rawgetp

+[-0, +1, –]
+
void lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int index, const void *p);

+
+

+Pushes onto the stack the value t[k],
+where t is the table at the given index and
+k is the pointer p represented as a light userdata.
+The access is raw;
+that is, it does not invoke metamethods.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_rawlen

+[-0, +0, –]
+
size_t lua_rawlen (lua_State *L, int index);

+
+

+Returns the raw "length" of the value at the given index:
+for strings, this is the string length;
+for tables, this is the result of the length operator ('#')
+with no metamethods;
+for userdata, this is the size of the block of memory allocated
+for the userdata;
+for other values, it is 0.
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_rawset

-[-2, +0, m]
+[-2, +0, e]
 
void lua_rawset (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

@@ -3756,12 +4350,32 @@ Similar to lua_settable, but does a raw
 
 
 
lua_rawseti

-[-1, +0, m]
+[-1, +0, e]
 
void lua_rawseti (lua_State *L, int index, int n);

 
 

 Does the equivalent of t[n] = v,
-where t is the value at the given valid index
+where t is the table at the given index
+and v is the value at the top of the stack.
+
+
+

+This function pops the value from the stack.
+The assignment is raw;
+that is, it does not invoke metamethods.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_rawsetp

+[-1, +0, e]
+
void lua_rawsetp (lua_State *L, int index, const void *p);

+
+

+Does the equivalent of t[k] = v,
+where t is the table at the given index,
+k is the pointer p represented as a light userdata,
 and v is the value at the top of the stack.
 
 
@@ -3798,9 +4412,7 @@ The reader function may return pieces of any size greater than zero.
 
 
lua_register

 [-0, +0, e]
-
void lua_register (lua_State *L,
-                   const char *name,
-                   lua_CFunction f);

+
void lua_register (lua_State *L, const char *name, lua_CFunction f);

 
 

 Sets the C function f as the new value of global name.
@@ -3815,13 +4427,13 @@ It is defined as a macro:
 
 
 
lua_remove

-[-1, +0, -]
+[-1, +0, –]
 
void lua_remove (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

 Removes the element at the given valid index,
 shifting down the elements above this index to fill the gap.
-Cannot be called with a pseudo-index,
+This function cannot be called with a pseudo-index,
 because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position.
 
 
@@ -3829,54 +4441,68 @@ because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position.
 
 
 
lua_replace

-[-1, +0, -]
+[-1, +0, –]
 
void lua_replace (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Moves the top element into the given position (and pops it),
+Moves the top element into the given valid index
 without shifting any element
-(therefore replacing the value at the given position).
+(therefore replacing the value at the given index),
+and then pops the top element.
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_resume

-[-?, +?, -]
-
int lua_resume (lua_State *L, int narg);

+[-?, +?, –]
+
int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs);

 
 

 Starts and resumes a coroutine in a given thread.
 
 
 

-To start a coroutine, you first create a new thread
-(see lua_newthread);
-then you push onto its stack the main function plus any arguments;
+To start a coroutine,
+you push onto the thread stack the main function plus any arguments;
 then you call lua_resume,
-with narg being the number of arguments.
+with nargs being the number of arguments.
 This call returns when the coroutine suspends or finishes its execution.
 When it returns, the stack contains all values passed to lua_yield,
 or all values returned by the body function.
 lua_resume returns
 LUA_YIELD if the coroutine yields,
-0 if the coroutine finishes its execution
+LUA_OK if the coroutine finishes its execution
 without errors,
 or an error code in case of errors (see lua_pcall).
+
+
+

 In case of errors,
 the stack is not unwound,
 so you can use the debug API over it.
 The error message is on the top of the stack.
-To restart a coroutine, you put on its stack only the values to
+
+
+

+To resume a coroutine,
+you remove any results from the last lua_yield,
+put on its stack only the values to
 be passed as results from yield,
 and then call lua_resume.
 
 
+

+The parameter from represents the coroutine that is resuming L.
+If there is no such coroutine,
+this parameter can be NULL.
+
+
 
 
 
 
lua_setallocf

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
void lua_setallocf (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud);

 
 

@@ -3887,36 +4513,20 @@ with user data ud.
 
 
 
-
lua_setfenv

-[-1, +0, -]
-
int lua_setfenv (lua_State *L, int index);

-
-

-Pops a table from the stack and sets it as
-the new environment for the value at the given index.
-If the value at the given index is
-neither a function nor a thread nor a userdata,
-lua_setfenv returns 0.
-Otherwise it returns 1.
-
-
-
-
-
 
lua_setfield

 [-1, +0, e]
 
void lua_setfield (lua_State *L, int index, const char *k);

 
 

 Does the equivalent to t[k] = v,
-where t is the value at the given valid index
+where t is the value at the given index
 and v is the value at the top of the stack.
 
 
 

 This function pops the value from the stack.
 As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod
-for the "newindex" event (see §2.8).
+for the "newindex" event (see §2.4).
 
 
 
@@ -3929,23 +4539,18 @@ for the "newindex" event (see §2.8).
 

 Pops a value from the stack and
 sets it as the new value of global name.
-It is defined as a macro:
 
-
-     #define lua_setglobal(L,s)   lua_setfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, s)
-

 
 
 
 
 
lua_setmetatable

-[-1, +0, -]
-
int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int index);

+[-1, +0, –]
+
void lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

 Pops a table from the stack and
-sets it as the new metatable for the value at the given
-acceptable index.
+sets it as the new metatable for the value at the given index.
 
 
 
@@ -3957,7 +4562,7 @@ acceptable index.
 
 

 Does the equivalent to t[k] = v,
-where t is the value at the given valid index,
+where t is the value at the given index,
 v is the value at the top of the stack,
 and k is the value just below the top.
 
@@ -3965,18 +4570,18 @@ and k is the value just below the top.
 

 This function pops both the key and the value from the stack.
 As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod
-for the "newindex" event (see §2.8).
+for the "newindex" event (see §2.4).
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_settop

-[-?, +?, -]
+[-?, +?, –]
 
void lua_settop (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Accepts any acceptable index, or 0,
+Accepts any index, or 0,
 and sets the stack top to this index.
 If the new top is larger than the old one,
 then the new elements are filled with nil.
@@ -3986,18 +4591,31 @@ If index is 0, then all stack elements are removed.
 
 
 
+
lua_setuservalue

+[-1, +0, –]
+
void lua_setuservalue (lua_State *L, int index);

+
+

+Pops a table or nil from the stack and sets it as
+the new value associated to the userdata at the given index.
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_State

 
typedef struct lua_State lua_State;

 
 

-Opaque structure that keeps the whole state of a Lua interpreter.
+An opaque structure that points to a thread and indirectly
+(through the thread) to the whole state of a Lua interpreter.
 The Lua library is fully reentrant:
 it has no global variables.
-All information about a state is kept in this structure.
+All information about a state is accessible through this structure.
 
 
 

-A pointer to this state must be passed as the first argument to
+A pointer to this structure must be passed as the first argument to
 every function in the library, except to lua_newstate,
 which creates a Lua state from scratch.
 
@@ -4006,7 +4624,7 @@ which creates a Lua state from scratch.
 
 
 
lua_status

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_status (lua_State *L);

 
 

@@ -4014,26 +4632,33 @@ Returns the status of the thread L.
 
 
 

-The status can be 0 for a normal thread,
-an error code if the thread finished its execution with an error,
+The status can be 0 (LUA_OK) for a normal thread,
+an error code if the thread finished the execution
+of a lua_resume with an error,
 or LUA_YIELD if the thread is suspended.
 
 
+

+You can only call functions in threads with status LUA_OK.
+You can resume threads with status LUA_OK
+(to start a new coroutine) or LUA_YIELD
+(to resume a coroutine).
+
+
 
 
 
 
lua_toboolean

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_toboolean (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Converts the Lua value at the given acceptable index to a C boolean
+Converts the Lua value at the given index to a C boolean
 value (0 or 1).
 Like all tests in Lua,
-lua_toboolean returns 1 for any Lua value
+lua_toboolean returns true for any Lua value
 different from false and nil;
-otherwise it returns 0.
-It also returns 0 when called with a non-valid index.
+otherwise it returns false.
 (If you want to accept only actual boolean values,
 use lua_isboolean to test the value's type.)
 
@@ -4042,11 +4667,11 @@ use lua_isboolean to test the value's
 
 
 
lua_tocfunction

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
lua_CFunction lua_tocfunction (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Converts a value at the given acceptable index to a C function.
+Converts a value at the given index to a C function.
 That value must be a C function;
 otherwise, returns NULL.
 
@@ -4055,15 +4680,26 @@ otherwise, returns NULL.
 
 
 
lua_tointeger

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
lua_Integer lua_tointeger (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Converts the Lua value at the given acceptable index
+Equivalent to lua_tointegerx with isnum equal to NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_tointegerx

+[-0, +0, –]
+
lua_Integer lua_tointegerx (lua_State *L, int index, int *isnum);

+
+

+Converts the Lua value at the given index
 to the signed integral type lua_Integer.
 The Lua value must be a number or a string convertible to a number
-(see §2.2.1);
-otherwise, lua_tointeger returns 0.
+(see §3.4.2);
+otherwise, lua_tointegerx returns 0.
 
 
 

@@ -4071,34 +4707,40 @@ If the number is not an integer,
 it is truncated in some non-specified way.
 
 
+

+If isnum is not NULL,
+its referent is assigned a boolean value that
+indicates whether the operation succeeded.
+
+
 
 
 
 
lua_tolstring

-[-0, +0, m]
+[-0, +0, e]
 
const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int index, size_t *len);

 
 

-Converts the Lua value at the given acceptable index to a C string.
+Converts the Lua value at the given index to a C string.
 If len is not NULL,
 it also sets *len with the string length.
 The Lua value must be a string or a number;
 otherwise, the function returns NULL.
 If the value is a number,
-then lua_tolstring also
+then lua_tolstring also
 changes the actual value in the stack to a string.
 (This change confuses lua_next
-when lua_tolstring is applied to keys during a table traversal.)
+when lua_tolstring is applied to keys during a table traversal.)
 
 
 

-lua_tolstring returns a fully aligned pointer
+lua_tolstring returns a fully aligned pointer
 to a string inside the Lua state.
 This string always has a zero ('\0')
 after its last character (as in C),
 but can contain other zeros in its body.
 Because Lua has garbage collection,
-there is no guarantee that the pointer returned by lua_tolstring
+there is no guarantee that the pointer returned by lua_tolstring
 will be valid after the corresponding value is removed from the stack.
 
 
@@ -4106,29 +4748,46 @@ will be valid after the corresponding value is removed from the stack.
 
 
 
lua_tonumber

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
lua_Number lua_tonumber (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Converts the Lua value at the given acceptable index
+Equivalent to lua_tonumberx with isnum equal to NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_tonumberx

+[-0, +0, –]
+
lua_Number lua_tonumberx (lua_State *L, int index, int *isnum);

+
+

+Converts the Lua value at the given index
 to the C type lua_Number (see lua_Number).
 The Lua value must be a number or a string convertible to a number
-(see §2.2.1);
-otherwise, lua_tonumber returns 0.
+(see §3.4.2);
+otherwise, lua_tonumberx returns 0.
+
+
+

+If isnum is not NULL,
+its referent is assigned a boolean value that
+indicates whether the operation succeeded.
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_topointer

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
const void *lua_topointer (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Converts the value at the given acceptable index to a generic
+Converts the value at the given index to a generic
 C pointer (void*).
 The value can be a userdata, a table, a thread, or a function;
-otherwise, lua_topointer returns NULL.
+otherwise, lua_topointer returns NULL.
 Different objects will give different pointers.
 There is no way to convert the pointer back to its original value.
 
@@ -4141,7 +4800,7 @@ Typically this function is used only for debug information.
 
 
 
lua_tostring

-[-0, +0, m]
+[-0, +0, e]
 
const char *lua_tostring (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

@@ -4152,11 +4811,11 @@ Equivalent to lua_tolstring with 
lua_tothread

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
lua_State *lua_tothread (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Converts the value at the given acceptable index to a Lua thread
+Converts the value at the given index to a Lua thread
 (represented as lua_State*).
 This value must be a thread;
 otherwise, the function returns NULL.
@@ -4165,12 +4824,52 @@ otherwise, the function returns NULL.
 
 
 
+
lua_tounsigned

+[-0, +0, –]
+
lua_Unsigned lua_tounsigned (lua_State *L, int index);

+
+

+Equivalent to lua_tounsignedx with isnum equal to NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_tounsignedx

+[-0, +0, –]
+
lua_Unsigned lua_tounsignedx (lua_State *L, int index, int *isnum);

+
+

+Converts the Lua value at the given index
+to the unsigned integral type lua_Unsigned.
+The Lua value must be a number or a string convertible to a number
+(see §3.4.2);
+otherwise, lua_tounsignedx returns 0.
+
+
+

+If the number is not an integer,
+it is truncated in some non-specified way.
+If the number is outside the range of representable values,
+it is normalized to the remainder of its division by
+one more than the maximum representable value.
+
+
+

+If isnum is not NULL,
+its referent is assigned a boolean value that
+indicates whether the operation succeeded.
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_touserdata

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
void *lua_touserdata (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-If the value at the given acceptable index is a full userdata,
+If the value at the given index is a full userdata,
 returns its block address.
 If the value is a light userdata,
 returns its pointer.
@@ -4181,33 +4880,32 @@ Otherwise, returns NULL.
 
 
 
lua_type

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_type (lua_State *L, int index);

 
 

-Returns the type of the value in the given acceptable index,
-or LUA_TNONE for a non-valid index
-(that is, an index to an "empty" stack position).
+Returns the type of the value in the given valid index,
+or LUA_TNONE for a non-valid (but acceptable) index.
 The types returned by lua_type are coded by the following constants
 defined in lua.h:
-LUA_TNIL,
-LUA_TNUMBER,
-LUA_TBOOLEAN,
-LUA_TSTRING,
-LUA_TTABLE,
-LUA_TFUNCTION,
-LUA_TUSERDATA,
-LUA_TTHREAD,
+LUA_TNIL,
+LUA_TNUMBER,
+LUA_TBOOLEAN,
+LUA_TSTRING,
+LUA_TTABLE,
+LUA_TFUNCTION,
+LUA_TUSERDATA,
+LUA_TTHREAD,
 and
-LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA.
+LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA.
 
 
 
 
 
 
lua_typename

-[-0, +0, -]
-
const char *lua_typename  (lua_State *L, int tp);

+[-0, +0, –]
+
const char *lua_typename (lua_State *L, int tp);

 
 

 Returns the name of the type encoded by the value tp,
@@ -4217,6 +4915,49 @@ which must be one the values returned by lua_type
lua_Unsigned

+
typedef unsigned long lua_Unsigned;

+
+

+The type used by the Lua API to represent unsigned integral values.
+It must have at least 32 bits.
+
+
+

+By default it is an unsigned int or an unsigned long,
+whichever can hold 32-bit values.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_upvalueindex

+[-0, +0, –]
+
int lua_upvalueindex (int i);

+
+

+Returns the pseudo-index that represents the i-th upvalue of
+the running function (see §4.4).
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_version

+[-0, +0, v]
+
const lua_Number *lua_version (lua_State *L);

+
+

+Returns the address of the version number stored in the Lua core.
+When called with a valid lua_State,
+returns the address of the version used to create that state.
+When called with NULL,
+returns the address of the version running the call.
+
+
+
+
+
 
lua_Writer

 
typedef int (*lua_Writer) (lua_State *L,
                            const void* p,
@@ -4243,11 +4984,11 @@ calling the writer again.
 
 
 
lua_xmove

-[-?, +?, -]
+[-?, +?, –]
 
void lua_xmove (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n);

 
 

-Exchange values between different threads of the same global state.
+Exchange values between different threads of the same state.
 
 
 

@@ -4259,8 +5000,23 @@ and pushes them onto the stack to.
 
 
 
lua_yield

-[-?, +?, -]
-
int lua_yield  (lua_State *L, int nresults);

+[-?, +?, –]
+
int lua_yield (lua_State *L, int nresults);

+
+

+This function is equivalent to lua_yieldk,
+but it has no continuation (see §4.7).
+Therefore, when the thread resumes,
+it returns to the function that called
+the function calling lua_yield.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_yieldk

+[-?, +?, –]
+
int lua_yieldk (lua_State *L, int nresults, int ctx, lua_CFunction k);

 
 

 Yields a coroutine.
@@ -4271,21 +5027,34 @@ This function should only be called as the
 return expression of a C function, as follows:
 
 
-     return lua_yield (L, nresults);
+     return lua_yieldk (L, n, i, k);
 

-When a C function calls lua_yield in that way,
+When a C function calls lua_yieldk in that way,
 the running coroutine suspends its execution,
 and the call to lua_resume that started this coroutine returns.
 The parameter nresults is the number of values from the stack
 that are passed as results to lua_resume.
 
 
+

+When the coroutine is resumed again,
+Lua calls the given continuation function k to continue
+the execution of the C function that yielded (see §4.7).
+This continuation function receives the same stack
+from the previous function,
+with the results removed and
+replaced by the arguments passed to lua_resume.
+Moreover,
+the continuation function may access the value ctx
+by calling lua_getctx.
 
 
 
 
 
-
3.8 - The Debug Interface

+
+
+
4.9 – The Debug Interface

 
 

 Lua has no built-in debugging facilities.
@@ -4305,9 +5074,12 @@ that need "inside information" from the interpreter.
   const char *what;           /* (S) */
   const char *source;         /* (S) */
   int currentline;            /* (l) */
-  int nups;                   /* (u) number of upvalues */
   int linedefined;            /* (S) */
   int lastlinedefined;        /* (S) */
+  unsigned char nups;         /* (u) number of upvalues */
+  unsigned char nparams;      /* (u) number of parameters */
+  char isvararg;              /* (u) */
+  char istailcall;            /* (t) */
   char short_src[LUA_IDSIZE]; /* (S) */
   /* private part */
   other fields
@@ -4315,7 +5087,7 @@ that need "inside information" from the interpreter.
 
 

 A structure used to carry different pieces of
-information about an active function.
+information about a function or an activation record.
 lua_getstack fills only the private part
 of this structure, for later use.
 To fill the other fields of lua_Debug with useful information,
@@ -4327,41 +5099,43 @@ The fields of lua_Debug have the following
 
 
    
 
-
  • source:
-If the function was defined in a string,
-then source is that string.
-If the function was defined in a file,
-then source starts with a '@' followed by the file name.
+
  • source: 
+the source of the chunk that created the function.
+If source starts with a '@',
+it means that the function was defined in a file where
+the file name follows the '@'.
+If source starts with a '=',
+the remainder of its contents describe the source in a user-dependent manner.
+Otherwise,
+the function was defined in a string where
+source is that string.
 
    • 
 
-
  • short_src:
+
  • short_src: 
 a "printable" version of source, to be used in error messages.
 
    • 
 
-
  • linedefined:
+
  • linedefined: 
 the line number where the definition of the function starts.
 
    • 
 
-
  • lastlinedefined:
+
  • lastlinedefined: 
 the line number where the definition of the function ends.
 
    • 
 
-
  • what:
+
  • what: 
 the string "Lua" if the function is a Lua function,
 "C" if it is a C function,
-"main" if it is the main part of a chunk,
-and "tail" if it was a function that did a tail call.
-In the latter case,
-Lua has no other information about the function.
+"main" if it is the main part of a chunk.
 
    • 
 
-
  • currentline:
+
  • currentline: 
 the current line where the given function is executing.
 When no line information is available,
 currentline is set to -1.
 
    • 
 
-
  • name:
+
  • name: 
 a reasonable name for the given function.
 Because functions in Lua are first-class values,
 they do not have a fixed name:
@@ -4373,7 +5147,7 @@ If it cannot find a name,
 then name is set to NULL.
 
    • 
 
-
  • namewhat:
+
  • namewhat: 
 explains the name field.
 The value of namewhat can be
 "global", "local", "method",
@@ -4382,17 +5156,32 @@ according to how the function was called.
 (Lua uses the empty string when no other option seems to apply.)
 
    • 
 
-
  • nups:
+
  • istailcall: 
+true if this function invocation was called by a tail call.
+In this case, the caller of this level is not in the stack.
+
    • 
+
+
  • nups: 
 the number of upvalues of the function.
 
    • 
 
+
  • nparams: 
+the number of fixed parameters of the function
+(always 0 for C functions).
+
    • 
+
+
  • isvararg: 
+true if the function is a vararg function
+(always true for C functions).
+
    • 
+
 

 
 
 
 
 
lua_gethook

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
lua_Hook lua_gethook (lua_State *L);

 
 

@@ -4403,7 +5192,7 @@ Returns the current hook function.
 
 
 
lua_gethookcount

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_gethookcount (lua_State *L);

 
 

@@ -4414,7 +5203,7 @@ Returns the current hook count.
 
 
 
lua_gethookmask

-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
int lua_gethookmask (lua_State *L);

 
 

@@ -4425,11 +5214,11 @@ Returns the current hook mask.
 
 
 
lua_getinfo

-[-(0|1), +(0|1|2), m]
+[-(0|1), +(0|1|2), e]
 
int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar);

 
 

-Returns information about a specific function or function invocation.
+Gets information about a specific function or function invocation.
 
 
 

@@ -4443,13 +5232,13 @@ given as argument to a hook (see lua_Hook).
 To get information about a function you push it onto the stack
 and start the what string with the character '>'.
 (In that case,
-lua_getinfo pops the function in the top of the stack.)
+lua_getinfo pops the function from the top of the stack.)
 For instance, to know in which line a function f was defined,
 you can write the following code:
 
 
      lua_Debug ar;
-     lua_getfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, "f");  /* get global 'f' */
+     lua_getglobal(L, "f");  /* get global 'f' */
      lua_getinfo(L, ">S", &ar);
      printf("%d\n", ar.linedefined);
 

@@ -4461,26 +5250,30 @@ a value to be pushed on the stack:
 
 
    
 
-
  • 'n': fills in the field name and namewhat;
+
  • 'n':  fills in the field name and namewhat;
 
    • 
 
-
  • 'S':
+
  • 'S': 
 fills in the fields source, short_src,
 linedefined, lastlinedefined, and what;
 
    • 
 
-
  • 'l': fills in the field currentline;
+
  • 'l':  fills in the field currentline;
 
    • 
 
-
  • 'u': fills in the field nups;
+
  • 't':  fills in the field istailcall;
 
    • 
 
-
  • 'f':
+
  • 'u':  fills in the fields
+nups, nparams, and isvararg;
+
    • 
+
+
  • 'f': 
 pushes onto the stack the function that is
 running at the given level;
 
    • 
 
-
  • 'L':
+
  • 'L': 
 pushes onto the stack a table whose indices are the
 numbers of the lines that are valid on the function.
 (A valid line is a line with some associated code,
@@ -4499,25 +5292,35 @@ This function returns 0 on error
 
 
 
    lua_getlocal
    
-[-0, +(0|1), -]
+[-0, +(0|1), –]
 
    const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar, int n);
    
 
 
    
-Gets information about a local variable of a given activation record.
-The parameter ar must be a valid activation record that was
+Gets information about a local variable of
+a given activation record or a given function.
+
+
+
    
+In the first case,
+the parameter ar must be a valid activation record that was
 filled by a previous call to lua_getstack or
 given as argument to a hook (see lua_Hook).
-The index n selects which local variable to inspect
-(1 is the first parameter or active local variable, and so on,
-until the last active local variable).
+The index n selects which local variable to inspect;
+see debug.getlocal for details about variable indices
+and names.
+
+
+
    
 lua_getlocal pushes the variable's value onto the stack
 and returns its name.
 
 
 
    
-Variable names starting with '(' (open parentheses)
-represent internal variables
-(loop control variables, temporaries, and C function locals).
+In the second case, ar should be NULL and the function
+to be inspected must be at the top of the stack.
+In this case, only parameters of Lua functions are visible
+(as there is no information about what variables are active)
+and no values are pushed onto the stack.
 
 
 
    
@@ -4530,11 +5333,11 @@ the number of active local variables.
 
 
 
    lua_getstack
    
-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
    int lua_getstack (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar);
    
 
 
    
-Get information about the interpreter runtime stack.
+Gets information about the interpreter runtime stack.
 
 
 
    
@@ -4542,7 +5345,8 @@ This function fills parts of a lua_Debug s
 an identification of the activation record
 of the function executing at a given level.
 Level 0 is the current running function,
-whereas level n+1 is the function that has called level n.
+whereas level n+1 is the function that has called level n
+(except for tail calls, which do not count on the stack).
 When there are no errors, lua_getstack returns 1;
 when called with a level greater than the stack depth,
 it returns 0.
@@ -4552,7 +5356,7 @@ it returns 0.
 
 
 
    lua_getupvalue
    
-[-0, +(0|1), -]
+[-0, +(0|1), –]
 
    const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
    
 
 
    
@@ -4591,16 +5395,17 @@ Whenever a hook is called, its ar argument has its field
 event set to the specific event that triggered the hook.
 Lua identifies these events with the following constants:
 LUA_HOOKCALL, LUA_HOOKRET,
-LUA_HOOKTAILRET, LUA_HOOKLINE,
+LUA_HOOKTAILCALL, LUA_HOOKLINE,
 and LUA_HOOKCOUNT.
 Moreover, for line events, the field currentline is also set.
 To get the value of any other field in ar,
 the hook must call lua_getinfo.
-For return events, event can be LUA_HOOKRET,
-the normal value, or LUA_HOOKTAILRET.
-In the latter case, Lua is simulating a return from
-a function that did a tail call;
-in this case, it is useless to call lua_getinfo.
+
+
+
    
+For call events, event can be LUA_HOOKCALL,
+the normal value, or LUA_HOOKTAILCALL, for a tail call;
+in this case, there will be no corresponding return event.
 
 
 
    
@@ -4609,11 +5414,25 @@ Therefore, if a hook calls back Lua to execute a function or a chunk,
 this execution occurs without any calls to hooks.
 
 
+
    
+Hook functions cannot have continuations,
+that is, they cannot call lua_yieldk,
+lua_pcallk, or lua_callk with a non-null k.
+
+
+
    
+Hook functions can yield under the following conditions:
+Only count and line events can yield
+and they cannot yield any value;
+to yield a hook function must finish its execution
+calling lua_yield with nresults equal to zero.
+
+
 
 
 
 
    lua_sethook
    
-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
    int lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook f, int mask, int count);
    
 
 
    
@@ -4634,23 +5453,24 @@ For each event, the hook is called as explained below:
 
 
      
 
-
    • The call hook: is called when the interpreter calls a function.
+
    • The call hook:  is called when the interpreter calls a function.
 The hook is called just after Lua enters the new function,
 before the function gets its arguments.
 
      • 
 
-
    • The return hook: is called when the interpreter returns from a function.
+
    • The return hook:  is called when the interpreter returns from a function.
 The hook is called just before Lua leaves the function.
-You have no access to the values to be returned by the function.
+There is no standard way to access the values
+to be returned by the function.
 
      • 
 
-
    • The line hook: is called when the interpreter is about to
+
    • The line hook:  is called when the interpreter is about to
 start the execution of a new line of code,
 or when it jumps back in the code (even to the same line).
 (This event only happens while Lua is executing a Lua function.)
 
      • 
 
-
    • The count hook: is called after the interpreter executes every
+
    • The count hook:  is called after the interpreter executes every
 count instructions.
 (This event only happens while Lua is executing a Lua function.)
 
      • 
@@ -4665,7 +5485,7 @@ A hook is disabled by setting mask to zero.
 
 
 
      lua_setlocal
      
-[-(0|1), +0, -]
+[-(0|1), +0, –]
 
      const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar, int n);
      
 
 
      
@@ -4687,7 +5507,7 @@ the number of active local variables.
 
 
 
      lua_setupvalue
      
-[-(0|1), +0, -]
+[-(0|1), +0, –]
 
      const char *lua_setupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
      
 
 
      
@@ -4707,22 +5527,58 @@ when the index is greater than the number of upvalues.
 
 
 
+
      lua_upvalueid
      
+[-0, +0, –]
+
      void *lua_upvalueid (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
      
+
+
      
+Returns an unique identifier for the upvalue numbered n
+from the closure at index funcindex.
+Parameters funcindex and n are as in the lua_getupvalue
+(see lua_getupvalue)
+(but n cannot be greater than the number of upvalues).
 
 
-
      4 - The Auxiliary Library
      
+
      
+These unique identifiers allow a program to check whether different
+closures share upvalues.
+Lua closures that share an upvalue
+(that is, that access a same external local variable)
+will return identical ids for those upvalue indices.
+
+
+
+
+
+
      lua_upvaluejoin
      
+[-0, +0, –]
+
      void lua_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L, int funcindex1, int n1,
+                                    int funcindex2, int n2);
      
+
+
      
+Make the n1-th upvalue of the Lua closure at index funcindex1
+refer to the n2-th upvalue of the Lua closure at index funcindex2.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
      5 – The Auxiliary Library
      
 
 
      
 
 The auxiliary library provides several convenient functions
 to interface C with Lua.
-While the basic API provides the primitive functions for all 
+While the basic API provides the primitive functions for all
 interactions between C and Lua,
 the auxiliary library provides higher-level functions for some
 common tasks.
 
 
 
      
-All functions from the auxiliary library
+All functions and types from the auxiliary library
 are defined in header file lauxlib.h and
 have a prefix luaL_.
 
@@ -4730,21 +5586,34 @@ have a prefix luaL_.
 
      
 All functions in the auxiliary library are built on
 top of the basic API,
-and so they provide nothing that cannot be done with this API.
+and so they provide nothing that cannot be done with that API.
+Nevertheless, the use of the auxiliary library ensures
+more consistency to your code.
+
+
+
      
+Several functions in the auxiliary library use internally some
+extra stack slots.
+When a function in the auxiliary library uses less than five slots,
+it does not check the stack size;
+it simply assumes that there are enough slots.
 
 
 
      
 Several functions in the auxiliary library are used to
 check C function arguments.
-Their names are always luaL_check* or luaL_opt*.
-All of these functions throw an error if the check is not satisfied.
 Because the error message is formatted for arguments
 (e.g., "bad argument #1"),
 you should not use these functions for other stack values.
 
 
+
      
+Functions called luaL_check*
+always throw an error if the check is not satisfied.
 
-
      4.1 - Functions and Types
      
+
+
+
      5.1 – Functions and Types
      
 
 
      
 Here we list all functions and types from the auxiliary library
@@ -4753,11 +5622,11 @@ in alphabetical order.
 
 
 
      luaL_addchar
      
-[-0, +0, m]
+[-?, +?, e]
 
      void luaL_addchar (luaL_Buffer *B, char c);
      
 
 
      
-Adds the character c to the buffer B
+Adds the byte c to the buffer B
 (see luaL_Buffer).
 
 
@@ -4765,21 +5634,21 @@ Adds the character c to the buffer B
 
 
 
      luaL_addlstring
      
-[-0, +0, m]
+[-?, +?, e]
 
      void luaL_addlstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l);
      
 
 
      
 Adds the string pointed to by s with length l to
 the buffer B
 (see luaL_Buffer).
-The string may contain embedded zeros.
+The string can contain embedded zeros.
 
 
 
 
 
 
      luaL_addsize
      
-[-0, +0, m]
+[-?, +?, e]
 
      void luaL_addsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t n);
      
 
 
      
@@ -4792,21 +5661,21 @@ buffer area (see luaL_prepbuffer).
 
 
 
      luaL_addstring
      
-[-0, +0, m]
+[-?, +?, e]
 
      void luaL_addstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s);
      
 
 
      
 Adds the zero-terminated string pointed to by s
 to the buffer B
 (see luaL_Buffer).
-The string may not contain embedded zeros.
+The string cannot contain embedded zeros.
 
 
 
 
 
 
      luaL_addvalue
      
-[-1, +0, m]
+[-1, +?, e]
 
      void luaL_addvalue (luaL_Buffer *B);
      
 
 
      
@@ -4829,32 +5698,25 @@ which is the value to be added to the buffer.
 [-0, +0, v]
 
      void luaL_argcheck (lua_State *L,
                     int cond,
-                    int narg,
+                    int arg,
                     const char *extramsg);
      
 
 
      
 Checks whether cond is true.
-If not, raises an error with the following message,
-where func is retrieved from the call stack:
+If not, raises an error with a standard message.
 
-
      -     bad argument #<narg> to <func> (<extramsg>)
-
      
 
 
 
 
 
      luaL_argerror
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *extramsg);
      
+
      int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *extramsg);
      
 
 
      
-Raises an error with the following message,
-where func is retrieved from the call stack:
+Raises an error with a standard message
+that includes extramsg as a comment.
 
-
      -     bad argument #<narg> to <func> (<extramsg>)
-
      
 
 
      
 This function never returns,
@@ -4878,22 +5740,43 @@ Its pattern of use is as follows:
 
 
        
 
-
      • First you declare a variable b of type luaL_Buffer.
        • 
+
      • First declare a variable b of type luaL_Buffer.
        • 
 
-
      • Then you initialize it with a call luaL_buffinit(L, &b).
        • 
+
      • Then initialize it with a call luaL_buffinit(L, &b).
        • 
 
 
      • 
-Then you add string pieces to the buffer calling any of
+Then add string pieces to the buffer calling any of
 the luaL_add* functions.
 
        • 
 
 
      • 
-You finish by calling luaL_pushresult(&b).
+Finish by calling luaL_pushresult(&b).
 This call leaves the final string on the top of the stack.
 
        • 
 
 
      
 
+
      
+If you know beforehand the total size of the resulting string,
+you can use the buffer like this:
+
+
        
+
+
      • First declare a variable b of type luaL_Buffer.
        • 
+
+
      • Then initialize it and preallocate a space of
+size sz with a call luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, sz).
        • 
+
+
      • Then copy the string into that space.
        • 
+
+
      • 
+Finish by calling luaL_pushresultsize(&b, sz),
+where sz is the total size of the resulting string
+copied into that space.
+
        • 
+
+
      
+
 
      
 During its normal operation,
 a string buffer uses a variable number of stack slots.
@@ -4915,7 +5798,7 @@ plus the final string on its top.
 
 
 
      luaL_buffinit
      
-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
      void luaL_buffinit (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B);
      
 
 
      
@@ -4928,6 +5811,18 @@ the buffer must be declared as a variable
 
 
 
+
      luaL_buffinitsize
      
+[-?, +?, e]
+
      char *luaL_buffinitsize (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
      
+
+
      
+Equivalent to the sequence
+luaL_buffinit, luaL_prepbuffsize.
+
+
+
+
+
 
      luaL_callmeta
      
 [-0, +(0|1), e]
 
      int luaL_callmeta (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
      
@@ -4939,11 +5834,11 @@ Calls a metamethod.
 
      
 If the object at index obj has a metatable and this
 metatable has a field e,
-this function calls this field and passes the object as its only argument.
-In this case this function returns 1 and pushes onto the
+this function calls this field passing the object as its only argument.
+In this case this function returns true and pushes onto the
 stack the value returned by the call.
 If there is no metatable or no metamethod,
-this function returns 0 (without pushing any value on the stack).
+this function returns false (without pushing any value on the stack).
 
 
 
@@ -4951,11 +5846,11 @@ this function returns 0 (without pushing any value on the stack).
 
 
      luaL_checkany
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      void luaL_checkany (lua_State *L, int narg);
      
+
      void luaL_checkany (lua_State *L, int arg);
      
 
 
      
 Checks whether the function has an argument
-of any type (including nil) at position narg.
+of any type (including nil) at position arg.
 
 
 
@@ -4963,10 +5858,10 @@ of any type (including nil) at position narg.
 
 
      luaL_checkint
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      int luaL_checkint (lua_State *L, int narg);
      
+
      int luaL_checkint (lua_State *L, int arg);
      
 
 
      
-Checks whether the function argument narg is a number
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a number
 and returns this number cast to an int.
 
 
@@ -4975,10 +5870,10 @@ and returns this number cast to an int.
 
 
      luaL_checkinteger
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      lua_Integer luaL_checkinteger (lua_State *L, int narg);
      
+
      lua_Integer luaL_checkinteger (lua_State *L, int arg);
      
 
 
      
-Checks whether the function argument narg is a number
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a number
 and returns this number cast to a lua_Integer.
 
 
@@ -4987,10 +5882,10 @@ and returns this number cast to a lua_Integer
      luaL_checklong
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      long luaL_checklong (lua_State *L, int narg);
      
+
      long luaL_checklong (lua_State *L, int arg);
      
 
 
      
-Checks whether the function argument narg is a number
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a number
 and returns this number cast to a long.
 
 
@@ -4999,10 +5894,10 @@ and returns this number cast to a long.
 
 
      luaL_checklstring
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      const char *luaL_checklstring (lua_State *L, int narg, size_t *l);
      
+
      const char *luaL_checklstring (lua_State *L, int arg, size_t *l);
      
 
 
      
-Checks whether the function argument narg is a string
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a string
 and returns this string;
 if l is not NULL fills *l
 with the string's length.
@@ -5018,10 +5913,10 @@ so all conversions and caveats of that function apply here.
 
 
      luaL_checknumber
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      lua_Number luaL_checknumber (lua_State *L, int narg);
      
+
      lua_Number luaL_checknumber (lua_State *L, int arg);
      
 
 
      
-Checks whether the function argument narg is a number
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a number
 and returns this number.
 
 
@@ -5031,12 +5926,12 @@ and returns this number.
 
      luaL_checkoption
      
 [-0, +0, v]
 
      int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L,
-                      int narg,
+                      int arg,
                       const char *def,
                       const char *const lst[]);
      
 
 
      
-Checks whether the function argument narg is a string and
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a string and
 searches for this string in the array lst
 (which must be NULL-terminated).
 Returns the index in the array where the string was found.
@@ -5047,7 +5942,7 @@ if the string cannot be found.
 
      
 If def is not NULL,
 the function uses def as a default value when
-there is no argument narg or if this argument is nil.
+there is no argument arg or when this argument is nil.
 
 
 
      
@@ -5066,7 +5961,8 @@ to use strings instead of numbers to select options.)
 
      
 Grows the stack size to top + sz elements,
 raising an error if the stack cannot grow to that size.
-msg is an additional text to go into the error message.
+msg is an additional text to go into the error message
+(or NULL for no additional text).
 
 
 
@@ -5074,10 +5970,10 @@ raising an error if the stack cannot grow to that size.
 
 
      luaL_checkstring
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      const char *luaL_checkstring (lua_State *L, int narg);
      
+
      const char *luaL_checkstring (lua_State *L, int arg);
      
 
 
      
-Checks whether the function argument narg is a string
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a string
 and returns this string.
 
 
@@ -5091,10 +5987,10 @@ so all conversions and caveats of that function apply here.
 
 
      luaL_checktype
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      void luaL_checktype (lua_State *L, int narg, int t);
      
+
      void luaL_checktype (lua_State *L, int arg, int t);
      
 
 
      
-Checks whether the function argument narg has type t.
+Checks whether the function argument arg has type t.
 See lua_type for the encoding of types for t.
 
 
@@ -5103,18 +5999,47 @@ See lua_type for the encoding of types for
 
 
      luaL_checkudata
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      void *luaL_checkudata (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *tname);
      
+
      void *luaL_checkudata (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname);
      
 
 
      
-Checks whether the function argument narg is a userdata
-of the type tname (see luaL_newmetatable).
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a userdata
+of the type tname (see luaL_newmetatable) and
+returns the userdata address (see lua_touserdata).
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_checkunsigned
      
+[-0, +0, v]
+
      lua_Unsigned luaL_checkunsigned (lua_State *L, int arg);
      
+
+
      
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a number
+and returns this number cast to a lua_Unsigned.
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_checkversion
      
+[-0, +0, –]
+
      void luaL_checkversion (lua_State *L);
      
+
+
      
+Checks whether the core running the call,
+the core that created the Lua state,
+and the code making the call are all using the same version of Lua.
+Also checks whether the core running the call
+and the core that created the Lua state
+are using the same address space.
 
 
 
 
 
 
      luaL_dofile
      
-[-0, +?, m]
+[-0, +?, e]
 
      int luaL_dofile (lua_State *L, const char *filename);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5124,15 +6049,15 @@ It is defined as the following macro:
 
            (luaL_loadfile(L, filename) || lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0))
 
      
-It returns 0 if there are no errors
-or 1 in case of errors.
+It returns false if there are no errors
+or true in case of errors.
 
 
 
 
 
 
      luaL_dostring
      
-[-0, +?, m]
+[-0, +?, –]
 
      int luaL_dostring (lua_State *L, const char *str);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5142,8 +6067,8 @@ It is defined as the following macro:
 
            (luaL_loadstring(L, str) || lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0))
 
      
-It returns 0 if there are no errors
-or 1 in case of errors.
+It returns false if there are no errors
+or true in case of errors.
 
 
 
@@ -5172,8 +6097,34 @@ as return luaL_error(args).
 
 
 
+
      luaL_execresult
      
+[-0, +3, e]
+
      int luaL_execresult (lua_State *L, int stat);
      
+
+
      
+This function produces the return values for
+process-related functions in the standard library
+(os.execute and io.close).
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_fileresult
      
+[-0, +(1|3), e]
+
      int luaL_fileresult (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname);
      
+
+
      
+This function produces the return values for
+file-related functions in the standard library
+(io.open, os.rename, file:seek, etc.).
+
+
+
+
+
 
      luaL_getmetafield
      
-[-0, +(0|1), m]
+[-0, +(0|1), e]
 
      int luaL_getmetafield (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5181,14 +6132,14 @@ Pushes onto the stack the field e from the metatable
 of the object at index obj.
 If the object does not have a metatable,
 or if the metatable does not have this field,
-returns 0 and pushes nothing.
+returns false and pushes nothing.
 
 
 
 
 
 
      luaL_getmetatable
      
-[-0, +1, -]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
      void luaL_getmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5199,8 +6150,24 @@ in the registry (see luaL_newmetatable
 
 
 
+
      luaL_getsubtable
      
+[-0, +1, e]
+
      int luaL_getsubtable (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname);
      
+
+
      
+Ensures that the value t[fname],
+where t is the value at index idx,
+is a table,
+and pushes that table onto the stack.
+Returns true if it finds a previous table there
+and false if it creates a new table.
+
+
+
+
+
 
      luaL_gsub
      
-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
      const char *luaL_gsub (lua_State *L,
                        const char *s,
                        const char *p,
@@ -5216,13 +6183,43 @@ Pushes the resulting string on the stack and returns it.
 
 
 
+
      luaL_len
      
+[-0, +0, e]
+
      int luaL_len (lua_State *L, int index);
      
+
+
      
+Returns the "length" of the value at the given index
+as a number;
+it is equivalent to the '#' operator in Lua (see §3.4.6).
+Raises an error if the result of the operation is not a number.
+(This case only can happen through metamethods.)
+
+
+
+
+
 
      luaL_loadbuffer
      
-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
      int luaL_loadbuffer (lua_State *L,
                      const char *buff,
                      size_t sz,
                      const char *name);
      
 
+
      
+Equivalent to luaL_loadbufferx with mode equal to NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_loadbufferx
      
+[-0, +1, –]
+
      int luaL_loadbufferx (lua_State *L,
+                      const char *buff,
+                      size_t sz,
+                      const char *name,
+                      const char *mode);
      
+
 
      
 Loads a buffer as a Lua chunk.
 This function uses lua_load to load the chunk in the
@@ -5233,15 +6230,28 @@ buffer pointed to by buff with size sz.
 This function returns the same results as lua_load.
 name is the chunk name,
 used for debug information and error messages.
+The string mode works as in function lua_load.
 
 
 
 
 
 
      luaL_loadfile
      
-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
      int luaL_loadfile (lua_State *L, const char *filename);
      
 
+
      
+Equivalent to luaL_loadfilex with mode equal to NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_loadfilex
      
+[-0, +1, e]
+
      int luaL_loadfilex (lua_State *L, const char *filename,
+                                            const char *mode);
      
+
 
      
 Loads a file as a Lua chunk.
 This function uses lua_load to load the chunk in the file
@@ -5251,10 +6261,14 @@ then it loads from the standard input.
 The first line in the file is ignored if it starts with a #.
 
 
+
      
+The string mode works as in function lua_load.
+
+
 
      
 This function returns the same results as lua_load,
 but it has an extra error code LUA_ERRFILE
-if it cannot open/read the file.
+if it cannot open/read the file or the file has a wrong mode.
 
 
 
      
@@ -5266,7 +6280,7 @@ it does not run it.
 
 
 
      luaL_loadstring
      
-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, –]
 
      int luaL_loadstring (lua_State *L, const char *s);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5287,8 +6301,45 @@ it does not run it.
 
 
 
+
      luaL_newlib
      
+[-0, +1, e]
+
      void luaL_newlib (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l);
      
+
+
      
+Creates a new table and registers there
+the functions in list l.
+It is implemented as the following macro:
+
+
      +     (luaL_newlibtable(L,l), luaL_setfuncs(L,l,0))
+
      
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_newlibtable
      
+[-0, +1, e]
+
      void luaL_newlibtable (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg l[]);
      
+
+
      
+Creates a new table with a size optimized
+to store all entries in the array l
+(but does not actually store them).
+It is intended to be used in conjunction with luaL_setfuncs
+(see luaL_newlib).
+
+
+
      
+It is implemented as a macro.
+The array l must be the actual array,
+not a pointer to it.
+
+
+
+
+
 
      luaL_newmetatable
      
-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
      int luaL_newmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5309,14 +6360,14 @@ with tname in the registry.
 
 
 
      luaL_newstate
      
-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
      lua_State *luaL_newstate (void);
      
 
 
      
 Creates a new Lua state.
 It calls lua_newstate with an
 allocator based on the standard C realloc function
-and then sets a panic function (see lua_atpanic) that prints
+and then sets a panic function (see §4.6) that prints
 an error message to the standard error output in case of fatal
 errors.
 
@@ -5330,7 +6381,7 @@ or NULL if there is a memory allocation error.
 
 
 
      luaL_openlibs
      
-[-0, +0, m]
+[-0, +0, e]
 
      void luaL_openlibs (lua_State *L);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5342,10 +6393,10 @@ Opens all standard Lua libraries into the given state.
 
 
      luaL_optint
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      int luaL_optint (lua_State *L, int narg, int d);
      
+
      int luaL_optint (lua_State *L, int arg, int d);
      
 
 
      
-If the function argument narg is a number,
+If the function argument arg is a number,
 returns this number cast to an int.
 If this argument is absent or is nil,
 returns d.
@@ -5358,11 +6409,11 @@ Otherwise, raises an error.
 
      luaL_optinteger
      
 [-0, +0, v]
 
      lua_Integer luaL_optinteger (lua_State *L,
-                             int narg,
+                             int arg,
                              lua_Integer d);
      
 
 
      
-If the function argument narg is a number,
+If the function argument arg is a number,
 returns this number cast to a lua_Integer.
 If this argument is absent or is nil,
 returns d.
@@ -5374,10 +6425,10 @@ Otherwise, raises an error.
 
 
      luaL_optlong
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      long luaL_optlong (lua_State *L, int narg, long d);
      
+
      long luaL_optlong (lua_State *L, int arg, long d);
      
 
 
      
-If the function argument narg is a number,
+If the function argument arg is a number,
 returns this number cast to a long.
 If this argument is absent or is nil,
 returns d.
@@ -5390,12 +6441,12 @@ Otherwise, raises an error.
 
      luaL_optlstring
      
 [-0, +0, v]
 
      const char *luaL_optlstring (lua_State *L,
-                             int narg,
+                             int arg,
                              const char *d,
                              size_t *l);
      
 
 
      
-If the function argument narg is a string,
+If the function argument arg is a string,
 returns this string.
 If this argument is absent or is nil,
 returns d.
@@ -5404,7 +6455,7 @@ Otherwise, raises an error.
 
 
      
 If l is not NULL,
-fills the position *l with the results's length.
+fills the position *l with the result's length.
 
 
 
@@ -5412,10 +6463,10 @@ fills the position *l with the results's length.
 
 
      luaL_optnumber
      
 [-0, +0, v]
-
      lua_Number luaL_optnumber (lua_State *L, int narg, lua_Number d);
      
+
      lua_Number luaL_optnumber (lua_State *L, int arg, lua_Number d);
      
 
 
      
-If the function argument narg is a number,
+If the function argument arg is a number,
 returns this number.
 If this argument is absent or is nil,
 returns d.
@@ -5428,11 +6479,11 @@ Otherwise, raises an error.
 
      luaL_optstring
      
 [-0, +0, v]
 
      const char *luaL_optstring (lua_State *L,
-                            int narg,
+                            int arg,
                             const char *d);
      
 
 
      
-If the function argument narg is a string,
+If the function argument arg is a string,
 returns this string.
 If this argument is absent or is nil,
 returns d.
@@ -5442,16 +6493,45 @@ Otherwise, raises an error.
 
 
 
+
      luaL_optunsigned
      
+[-0, +0, v]
+
      lua_Unsigned luaL_optunsigned (lua_State *L,
+                               int arg,
+                               lua_Unsigned u);
      
+
+
      
+If the function argument arg is a number,
+returns this number cast to a lua_Unsigned.
+If this argument is absent or is nil,
+returns u.
+Otherwise, raises an error.
+
+
+
+
+
 
      luaL_prepbuffer
      
-[-0, +0, -]
+[-?, +?, e]
 
      char *luaL_prepbuffer (luaL_Buffer *B);
      
 
 
      
-Returns an address to a space of size LUAL_BUFFERSIZE
+Equivalent to luaL_prepbuffsize
+with the predefined size LUAL_BUFFERSIZE.
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_prepbuffsize
      
+[-?, +?, e]
+
      char *luaL_prepbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
      
+
+
      
+Returns an address to a space of size sz
 where you can copy a string to be added to buffer B
 (see luaL_Buffer).
 After copying the string into this space you must call
-luaL_addsize with the size of the string to actually add 
+luaL_addsize with the size of the string to actually add
 it to the buffer.
 
 
@@ -5459,7 +6539,7 @@ it to the buffer.
 
 
 
      luaL_pushresult
      
-[-?, +1, m]
+[-?, +1, e]
 
      void luaL_pushresult (luaL_Buffer *B);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5470,8 +6550,19 @@ the top of the stack.
 
 
 
+
      luaL_pushresultsize
      
+[-?, +1, e]
+
      void luaL_pushresultsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
      
+
+
      
+Equivalent to the sequence luaL_addsize, luaL_pushresult.
+
+
+
+
+
 
      luaL_ref
      
-[-1, +0, m]
+[-1, +0, e]
 
      int luaL_ref (lua_State *L, int t);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5507,7 +6598,7 @@ from any reference returned by luaL_ref.
 
 
      
 Type for arrays of functions to be registered by
-luaL_register.
+luaL_setfuncs.
 name is the function name and func is a pointer to
 the function.
 Any array of luaL_Reg must end with an sentinel entry
@@ -5517,43 +6608,117 @@ in which both name and func are NULL.
 
 
 
-
      luaL_register
      
-[-(0|1), +1, m]
-
      void luaL_register (lua_State *L,
-                    const char *libname,
-                    const luaL_Reg *l);
      
+
      luaL_requiref
      
+[-0, +1, e]
+
      void luaL_requiref (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
+                    lua_CFunction openf, int glb);
      
 
 
      
-Opens a library.
+Calls function openf with string modname as an argument
+and sets the call result in package.loaded[modname],
+as if that function has been called through require.
 
 
 
      
-When called with libname equal to NULL,
-it simply registers all functions in the list l
-(see luaL_Reg) into the table on the top of the stack.
+If glb is true,
+also stores the result into global modname.
 
 
 
      
-When called with a non-null libname,
-luaL_register creates a new table t,
-sets it as the value of the global variable libname,
-sets it as the value of package.loaded[libname],
-and registers on it all functions in the list l.
-If there is a table in package.loaded[libname] or in
-variable libname,
-reuses this table instead of creating a new one.
+Leaves a copy of that result on the stack.
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_setfuncs
      
+[-nup, +0, e]
+
      void luaL_setfuncs (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup);
      
+
+
      
+Registers all functions in the array l
+(see luaL_Reg) into the table on the top of the stack
+(below optional upvalues, see next).
 
 
 
      
-In any case the function leaves the table
-on the top of the stack.
+When nup is not zero,
+all functions are created sharing nup upvalues,
+which must be previously pushed on the stack
+on top of the library table.
+These values are popped from the stack after the registration.
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_setmetatable
      
+[-0, +0, –]
+
      void luaL_setmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
      
+
+
      
+Sets the metatable of the object at the top of the stack
+as the metatable associated with name tname
+in the registry (see luaL_newmetatable).
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_testudata
      
+[-0, +0, e]
+
      void *luaL_testudata (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname);
      
+
+
      
+This function works like luaL_checkudata,
+except that, when the test fails,
+it returns NULL instead of throwing an error.
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_tolstring
      
+[-0, +1, e]
+
      const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len);
      
+
+
      
+Converts any Lua value at the given index to a C string
+in a reasonable format.
+The resulting string is pushed onto the stack and also
+returned by the function.
+If len is not NULL,
+the function also sets *len with the string length.
+
+
+
      
+If the value has a metatable with a "__tostring" field,
+then luaL_tolstring calls the corresponding metamethod
+with the value as argument,
+and uses the result of the call as its result.
+
+
+
+
+
+
      luaL_traceback
      
+[-0, +1, e]
+
      void luaL_traceback (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, const char *msg,
+                     int level);
      
+
+
      
+Creates and pushes a traceback of the stack L1.
+If msg is not NULL it is appended
+at the beginning of the traceback.
+The level parameter tells at which level
+to start the traceback.
 
 
 
 
 
 
      luaL_typename
      
-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
      const char *luaL_typename (lua_State *L, int index);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5563,26 +6728,8 @@ Returns the name of the type of the value at the given index.
 
 
 
-
      luaL_typerror
      
-[-0, +0, v]
-
      int luaL_typerror (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *tname);
      
-
-
      
-Generates an error with a message like the following:
-
-
      -     location: bad argument narg to 'func' (tname expected, got rt)
-
      
-where location is produced by luaL_where,
-func is the name of the current function,
-and rt is the type name of the actual argument.
-
-
-
-
-
 
      luaL_unref
      
-[-0, +0, -]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
      void luaL_unref (lua_State *L, int t, int ref);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5602,7 +6749,7 @@ If ref is LUA_NOREF or 
      luaL_where
      
-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
      void luaL_where (lua_State *L, int lvl);
      
 
 
      
@@ -5627,7 +6774,7 @@ This function is used to build a prefix for error messages.
 
 
 
-
      5 - Standard Libraries
      
+
      6 – Standard Libraries
      
 
 
      
 The standard Lua libraries provide useful functions
@@ -5647,24 +6794,28 @@ Currently, Lua has the following standard libraries:
 
 
        
 
-
      • basic library, which includes the coroutine sub-library;
        • 
+
      • basic library (§6.1);
        • 
 
-
      • package library;
        • 
+
      • coroutine library (§6.2);
        • 
 
-
      • string manipulation;
        • 
+
      • package library (§6.3);
        • 
 
-
      • table manipulation;
        • 
+
      • string manipulation (§6.4);
        • 
 
-
      • mathematical functions (sin, log, etc.);
        • 
+
      • table manipulation (§6.5);
        • 
 
-
      • input and output;
        • 
+
      • mathematical functions (§6.6) (sin, log, etc.);
        • 
 
-
      • operating system facilities;
        • 
+
      • bitwise operations (§6.7);
        • 
 
-
      • debug facilities.
        • 
+
      • input and output (§6.8);
        • 
+
+
      • operating system facilities (§6.9);
        • 
+
+
      • debug facilities (§6.10).
        • 
 
 
      
-Except for the basic and package libraries,
+Except for the basic and the package libraries,
 each library provides all its functions as fields of a global table
 or as methods of its objects.
 
@@ -5674,28 +6825,28 @@ To have access to these libraries,
 the C host program should call the luaL_openlibs function,
 which opens all standard libraries.
 Alternatively,
-it can open them individually by calling
+the host program can open them individually by using
+luaL_requiref to call
 luaopen_base (for the basic library),
 luaopen_package (for the package library),
+luaopen_coroutine (for the coroutine library),
 luaopen_string (for the string library),
 luaopen_table (for the table library),
 luaopen_math (for the mathematical library),
+luaopen_bit32 (for the bit library),
 luaopen_io (for the I/O library),
 luaopen_os (for the Operating System library),
 and luaopen_debug (for the debug library).
-These functions are declared in lualib.h
-and should not be called directly:
-you must call them like any other Lua C function,
-e.g., by using lua_call.
+These functions are declared in lualib.h.
 
 
 
-
      5.1 - Basic Functions
      
+
      6.1 – Basic Functions
      
 
 
      
-The basic library provides some core functions to Lua.
+The basic library provides core functions to Lua.
 If you do not include this library in your application,
-you should check carefully whether you need to provide 
+you should check carefully whether you need to provide
 implementations for some of its facilities.
 
 
@@ -5720,24 +6871,36 @@ It performs different functions according to its first argument, opt
 
-
    • "collect":
+
    • "collect": 
 performs a full garbage-collection cycle.
 This is the default option.
 
      • 
 
-
    • "stop":
-stops the garbage collector.
+
    • "stop": 
+stops automatic execution of the garbage collector.
+The collector will run only when explicitly invoked,
+until a call to restart it.
 
      • 
 
-
    • "restart":
-restarts the garbage collector.
+
    • "restart": 
+restarts automatic execution of the garbage collector.
 
      • 
 
-
    • "count":
-returns the total memory in use by Lua (in Kbytes).
+
    • "count": 
+returns the total memory in use by Lua (in Kbytes) and
+a second value with the total memory in bytes modulo 1024.
+The first value has a fractional part,
+so the following equality is always true:
+
+
      +     k, b = collectgarbage("count")
+     assert(k*1024 == math.floor(k)*1024 + b)
+
      
+(The second result is useful when Lua is compiled
+with a non floating-point type for numbers.)
 
      • 
 
-
    • "step":
+
    • "step": 
 performs a garbage-collection step.
 The step "size" is controlled by arg
 (larger values mean more steps) in a non-specified way.
@@ -5746,18 +6909,33 @@ you must experimentally tune the value of arg.
 Returns true if the step finished a collection cycle.
 
      • 
 
-
    • "setpause":
+
    • "setpause": 
 sets arg as the new value for the pause of
-the collector (see §2.10).
+the collector (see §2.5).
 Returns the previous value for pause.
 
      • 
 
-
    • "setstepmul":
+
    • "setstepmul": 
 sets arg as the new value for the step multiplier of
-the collector (see §2.10).
+the collector (see §2.5).
 Returns the previous value for step.
 
      • 
 
+
    • "isrunning": 
+returns a boolean that tells whether the collector is running
+(i.e., not stopped).
+
      • 
+
+
    • "generational": 
+changes the collector to generational mode.
+This is an experimental feature (see §2.5).
+
      • 
+
+
    • "incremental": 
+changes the collector to incremental mode.
+This is the default mode.
+
      • 
+
 
    
 
 
@@ -5783,7 +6961,7 @@ Function error never returns.
 
 
    
 Usually, error adds some information about the error position
-at the beginning of the message.
+at the beginning of the message, if the message is a string.
 The level argument specifies how to get the error position.
 With level 1 (the default), the error position is where the
 error function was called.
@@ -5798,25 +6976,10 @@ to the message.
 
    
 
    _G
    
 A global variable (not a function) that
-holds the global environment (that is, _G._G = _G).
+holds the global environment (see §2.2).
 Lua itself does not use this variable;
 changing its value does not affect any environment,
 nor vice-versa.
-(Use setfenv to change environments.)
-
-
-
-
-
    
-
    getfenv ([f])
    
-Returns the current environment in use by the function.
-f can be a Lua function or a number
-that specifies the function at that stack level:
-Level 1 is the function calling getfenv.
-If the given function is not a Lua function,
-or if f is 0,
-getfenv returns the global environment.
-The default for f is 1.
 
 
 
@@ -5840,47 +7003,81 @@ Otherwise, returns the metatable of the given object.
 
 
 
    
-Returns three values: an iterator function, the table t, and 0,
+If t has a metamethod __ipairs,
+calls it with t as argument and returns the first three
+results from the call.
+
+
+
    
+Otherwise,
+returns three values: an iterator function, the table t, and 0,
 so that the construction
 
 
          for i,v in ipairs(t) do body end
 
    
-will iterate over the pairs (1,t[1]), (2,t[2]), ···,
+will iterate over the pairs (1,t[1]), (2,t[2]), ...,
 up to the first integer key absent from the table.
 
 
 
 
 
    
-
    load (func [, chunkname])
    
+
    load (ld [, source [, mode [, env]]])
    
 
 
 
    
-Loads a chunk using function func to get its pieces.
-Each call to func must return a string that concatenates
+Loads a chunk.
+
+
+
    
+If ld is a string, the chunk is this string.
+If ld is a function,
+load calls it repeatedly to get the chunk pieces.
+Each call to ld must return a string that concatenates
 with previous results.
 A return of an empty string, nil, or no value signals the end of the chunk.
 
 
 
    
-If there are no errors, 
+If there are no syntactic errors,
 returns the compiled chunk as a function;
 otherwise, returns nil plus the error message.
-The environment of the returned function is the global environment.
 
 
 
    
-chunkname is used as the chunk name for error messages
-and debug information.
+If the resulting function has upvalues,
+the first upvalue is set to the value of env,
+if that parameter is given,
+or to the value of the global environment.
+(When you load a main chunk,
+the resulting function will always have exactly one upvalue,
+the _ENV variable (see §2.2).
+When you load a binary chunk created from a function (see string.dump),
+the resulting function can have arbitrary upvalues.)
+
+
+
    
+source is used as the source of the chunk for error messages
+and debug information (see §4.9).
 When absent,
-it defaults to "=(load)".
+it defaults to ld, if ld is a string,
+or to "=(load)" otherwise.
+
+
+
    
+The string mode controls whether the chunk can be text or binary
+(that is, a precompiled chunk).
+It may be the string "b" (only binary chunks),
+"t" (only text chunks),
+or "bt" (both binary and text).
+The default is "bt".
 
 
 
 
 
    
-
    loadfile ([filename])
    
+
    loadfile ([filename [, mode [, env]]])
    
 
 
 
    
@@ -5892,29 +7089,6 @@ if no file name is given.
 
 
 
-
    
-
    loadstring (string [, chunkname])
    
-
-
-
    
-Similar to load,
-but gets the chunk from the given string.
-
-
-
    
-To load and run a given string, use the idiom
-
-
    -     assert(loadstring(s))()
-
    
-
-
    
-When absent,
-chunkname defaults to the given string.
-
-
-
-
 
    
 
    next (table [, index])
    
 
@@ -5940,11 +7114,11 @@ you can use next(t) to check whether a table is empty.
 The order in which the indices are enumerated is not specified,
 even for numeric indices.
 (To traverse a table in numeric order,
-use a numerical for or the ipairs function.)
+use a numerical for.)
 
 
 
    
-The behavior of next is undefined if,
+The behavior of next is undefined if,
 during the traversal,
 you assign any value to a non-existent field in the table.
 You may however modify existing fields.
@@ -5958,7 +7132,14 @@ In particular, you may clear existing fields.
 
 
 
    
-Returns three values: the next function, the table t, and nil,
+If t has a metamethod __pairs,
+calls it with t as argument and returns the first three
+results from the call.
+
+
+
    
+Otherwise,
+returns three values: the next function, the table t, and nil,
 so that the construction
 
 
    @@ -5975,7 +7156,7 @@ the table during its traversal.
 
 
 
    
-
    pcall (f, arg1, ···)
    
+
    pcall (f [, arg1, ···])
    
 
 
 
    
@@ -5995,13 +7176,14 @@ In case of any error, pcall returns false plus the error mes
 
 
    
 
    print (···)
    
-Receives any number of arguments,
+Receives any number of arguments
 and prints their values to stdout,
-using the tostring function to convert them to strings.
+using the tostring function to convert each argument to a string.
 print is not intended for formatted output,
 but only as a quick way to show a value,
-typically for debugging.
-For formatted output, use string.format.
+for instance for debugging.
+For complete control over the output,
+use string.format and io.write.
 
 
 
@@ -6025,12 +7207,22 @@ without invoking any metamethod.
 
 
 
+
    
+
    rawlen (v)
    
+Returns the length of the object v,
+which must be a table or a string,
+without invoking any metamethod.
+Returns an integer number.
+
+
+
+
 
    
 
    rawset (table, index, value)
    
 Sets the real value of table[index] to value,
 without invoking any metamethod.
 table must be a table,
-index any value different from nil,
+index any value different from nil and NaN,
 and value any Lua value.
 
 
@@ -6046,33 +7238,14 @@ This function returns table.
 
 
    
 If index is a number,
-returns all arguments after argument number index.
+returns all arguments after argument number index;
+a negative number indexes from the end (-1 is the last argument).
 Otherwise, index must be the string "#",
 and select returns the total number of extra arguments it received.
 
 
 
 
-
    
-
    setfenv (f, table)
    
-
-
-
    
-Sets the environment to be used by the given function.
-f can be a Lua function or a number
-that specifies the function at that stack level:
-Level 1 is the function calling setfenv.
-setfenv returns the given function.
-
-
-
    
-As a special case, when f is 0 setfenv changes
-the environment of the running thread.
-In this case, setfenv returns no values.
-
-
-
-
 
    
 
    setmetatable (table, metatable)
    
 
@@ -6094,37 +7267,43 @@ This function returns table.
 
 
    
 
    tonumber (e [, base])
    
-Tries to convert its argument to a number.
-If the argument is already a number or a string convertible
-to a number, then tonumber returns this number;
+
+
+
    
+When called with no base,
+tonumber tries to convert its argument to a number.
+If the argument is already a number or
+a string convertible to a number (see §3.4.2),
+then tonumber returns this number;
 otherwise, it returns nil.
 
 
 
    
-An optional argument specifies the base to interpret the numeral.
+When called with base,
+then e should be a string to be interpreted as
+an integer numeral in that base.
 The base may be any integer between 2 and 36, inclusive.
 In bases above 10, the letter 'A' (in either upper or lower case)
 represents 10, 'B' represents 11, and so forth,
 with 'Z' representing 35.
-In base 10 (the default), the number can have a decimal part,
-as well as an optional exponent part (see §2.1).
-In other bases, only unsigned integers are accepted.
+If the string e is not a valid numeral in the given base,
+the function returns nil.
 
 
 
 
 
    
-
    tostring (e)
    
-Receives an argument of any type and
+
    tostring (v)
    
+Receives a value of any type and
 converts it to a string in a reasonable format.
-For complete control of how numbers are converted,
-use string.format.
+(For complete control of how numbers are converted,
+use string.format.)
 
 
 
    
-If the metatable of e has a "__tostring" field,
+If the metatable of v has a "__tostring" field,
 then tostring calls the corresponding value
-with e as argument,
+with v as argument,
 and uses the result of the call as its result.
 
 
@@ -6146,53 +7325,22 @@ and "userdata".
 
 
 
-
    
-
    unpack (list [, i [, j]])
    
-Returns the elements from the given table.
-This function is equivalent to
-
-
    -     return list[i], list[i+1], ···, list[j]
-
    
-except that the above code can be written only for a fixed number
-of elements.
-By default, i is 1 and j is the length of the list,
-as defined by the length operator (see §2.5.5).
-
-
-
-
 
    
 
    _VERSION
    
 A global variable (not a function) that
 holds a string containing the current interpreter version.
-The current contents of this variable is "Lua 5.1".
+The current contents of this variable is "Lua 5.2".
 
 
 
 
 
    
-
    xpcall (f, err)
    
+
    xpcall (f, msgh [, arg1, ···])
    
 
 
 
    
 This function is similar to pcall,
-except that you can set a new error handler.
-
-
-
    
-xpcall calls function f in protected mode,
-using err as the error handler.
-Any error inside f is not propagated;
-instead, xpcall catches the error,
-calls the err function with the original error object,
-and returns a status code.
-Its first result is the status code (a boolean),
-which is true if the call succeeds without errors.
-In this case, xpcall also returns all results from the call,
-after this first result.
-In case of any error,
-xpcall returns false plus the result from err.
+except that it sets a new message handler msgh.
 
 
 
@@ -6200,12 +7348,12 @@ In case of any error,
 
 
 
-
    5.2 - Coroutine Manipulation
    
+
    6.2 – Coroutine Manipulation
    
 
 
    
 The operations related to coroutines comprise a sub-library of
 the basic library and come inside the table coroutine.
-See §2.11 for a general description of coroutines.
+See §2.6 for a general description of coroutines.
 
 
 
    
@@ -6229,11 +7377,11 @@ an object with type "thread".
 Starts or continues the execution of coroutine co.
 The first time you resume a coroutine,
 it starts running its body.
-The values val1, ··· are passed
+The values val1, ... are passed
 as the arguments to the body function.
 If the coroutine has yielded,
 resume restarts it;
-the values val1, ··· are passed
+the values val1, ... are passed
 as the results from the yield.
 
 
@@ -6253,8 +7401,8 @@ If there is any error,
 
 
 
    
-Returns the running coroutine,
-or nil when called by the main thread.
+Returns the running coroutine plus a boolean,
+true when the running coroutine is the main one.
 
 
 
@@ -6300,8 +7448,6 @@ In case of error, propagates the error.
 
 
    
 Suspends the execution of the calling coroutine.
-The coroutine cannot be running a C function,
-a metamethod, or an iterator.
 Any arguments to yield are passed as extra results to resume.
 
 
@@ -6310,56 +7456,16 @@ Any arguments to yield are passed as extra results to resume<
 
 
 
-
    5.3 - Modules
    
+
    6.3 – Modules
    
 
 
    
 The package library provides basic
-facilities for loading and building modules in Lua.
-It exports two of its functions directly in the global environment:
-require and module.
+facilities for loading modules in Lua.
+It exports one function directly in the global environment:
+require.
 Everything else is exported in a table package.
 
 
-
    
-
    module (name [, ···])
    
-
-
-
    
-Creates a module.
-If there is a table in package.loaded[name],
-this table is the module.
-Otherwise, if there is a global table t with the given name,
-this table is the module.
-Otherwise creates a new table t and
-sets it as the value of the global name and
-the value of package.loaded[name].
-This function also initializes t._NAME with the given name,
-t._M with the module (t itself),
-and t._PACKAGE with the package name
-(the full module name minus last component; see below).
-Finally, module sets t as the new environment
-of the current function and the new value of package.loaded[name],
-so that require returns t.
-
-
-
    
-If name is a compound name
-(that is, one with components separated by dots),
-module creates (or reuses, if they already exist)
-tables for each component.
-For instance, if name is a.b.c,
-then module stores the module table in field c of
-field b of global a.
-
-
-
    
-This function can receive optional options after
-the module name,
-where each option is a function to be applied over the module.
-
-
-
-
 
    
 
    require (modname)
    
 
@@ -6375,11 +7481,11 @@ Otherwise, it tries to find a loader for the module.
 
 
    
 To find a loader,
-require is guided by the package.loaders array.
-By changing this array,
+require is guided by the package.searchers sequence.
+By changing this sequence,
 we can change how require looks for a module.
 The following explanation is based on the default configuration
-for package.loaders.
+for package.searchers.
 
 
 
    
@@ -6391,15 +7497,18 @@ path stored in package.path.
 If that also fails, it searches for a C loader using the
 path stored in package.cpath.
 If that also fails,
-it tries an all-in-one loader (see package.loaders).
+it tries an all-in-one loader (see package.searchers).
 
 
 
    
 Once a loader is found,
-require calls the loader with a single argument, modname.
-If the loader returns any value,
+require calls the loader with two arguments:
+modname and an extra value dependent on how it got the loader.
+(If the loader came from a file,
+this extra value is the file name.)
+If the loader returns any non-nil value,
 require assigns the returned value to package.loaded[modname].
-If the loader returns no value and
+If the loader does not return a non-nil value and
 has not assigned any value to package.loaded[modname],
 then require assigns true to this entry.
 In any case, require returns the
@@ -6409,11 +7518,43 @@ final value of package.loaded[modname].
 
    
 If there is any error loading or running the module,
 or if it cannot find any loader for the module,
-then require signals an error. 
+then require raises an error.
 
 
 
 
+
    
+
    package.config
    
+
+
+
    
+A string describing some compile-time configurations for packages.
+This string is a sequence of lines:
+
+
      
+
+
    • The first line is the directory separator string.
+Default is '\' for Windows and '/' for all other systems.
      • 
+
+
    • The second line is the character that separates templates in a path.
+Default is ';'.
      • 
+
+
    • The third line is the string that marks the
+substitution points in a template.
+Default is '?'.
      • 
+
+
    • The fourth line is a string that, in a path in Windows,
+is replaced by the executable's directory.
+Default is '!'.
      • 
+
+
    • The fifth line is a mark to ignore all text before it
+when building the luaopen_ function name.
+Default is '-'.
      • 
+
+
    
+
+
+
 
    
 
    package.cpath
    
 
@@ -6425,14 +7566,14 @@ The path used by require to search for a
 
    
 Lua initializes the C path package.cpath in the same way
 it initializes the Lua path package.path,
-using the environment variable LUA_CPATH
+using the environment variable LUA_CPATH_5_2
+or the environment variable LUA_CPATH
 or a default path defined in luaconf.h.
 
 
 
 
 
    
-
 
    package.loaded
    
 
 
@@ -6444,10 +7585,94 @@ When you require a module modname and
 require simply returns the value stored there.
 
 
+
    
+This variable is only a reference to the real table;
+assignments to this variable do not change the
+table used by require.
+
+
 
 
 
    
-
    package.loaders
    
+
    package.loadlib (libname, funcname)
    
+
+
+
    
+Dynamically links the host program with the C library libname.
+
+
+
    
+If funcname is "*",
+then it only links with the library,
+making the symbols exported by the library
+available to other dynamically linked libraries.
+Otherwise,
+it looks for a function funcname inside the library
+and returns this function as a C function.
+So, funcname must follow the lua_CFunction prototype
+(see lua_CFunction).
+
+
+
    
+This is a low-level function.
+It completely bypasses the package and module system.
+Unlike require,
+it does not perform any path searching and
+does not automatically adds extensions.
+libname must be the complete file name of the C library,
+including if necessary a path and an extension.
+funcname must be the exact name exported by the C library
+(which may depend on the C compiler and linker used).
+
+
+
    
+This function is not supported by Standard C.
+As such, it is only available on some platforms
+(Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris, BSD,
+plus other Unix systems that support the dlfcn standard).
+
+
+
+
+
    
+
    package.path
    
+
+
+
    
+The path used by require to search for a Lua loader.
+
+
+
    
+At start-up, Lua initializes this variable with
+the value of the environment variable LUA_PATH_5_2 or
+the environment variable LUA_PATH or
+with a default path defined in luaconf.h,
+if those environment variables are not defined.
+Any ";;" in the value of the environment variable
+is replaced by the default path.
+
+
+
+
+
    
+
    package.preload
    
+
+
+
    
+A table to store loaders for specific modules
+(see require).
+
+
+
    
+This variable is only a reference to the real table;
+assignments to this variable do not change the
+table used by require.
+
+
+
+
+
    
+
    package.searchers
    
 
 
 
    
@@ -6461,9 +7686,13 @@ When looking for a module,
 with the module name (the argument given to require) as its
 sole parameter.
 The function can return another function (the module loader)
+plus an extra value that will be passed to that loader,
 or a string explaining why it did not find that module
 (or nil if it has nothing to say).
-Lua initializes this table with four functions.
+
+
+
    
+Lua initializes this table with four searcher functions.
 
 
 
    
@@ -6474,27 +7703,14 @@ The first searcher simply looks for a loader in the
 
    
 The second searcher looks for a loader as a Lua library,
 using the path stored at package.path.
-A path is a sequence of templates separated by semicolons.
-For each template,
-the searcher will change each interrogation
-mark in the template by filename,
-which is the module name with each dot replaced by a
-"directory separator" (such as "/" in Unix);
-then it will try to open the resulting file name.
-So, for instance, if the Lua path is the string
-
-
    -     "./?.lua;./?.lc;/usr/local/?/init.lua"
-
    
-the search for a Lua file for module foo
-will try to open the files
-./foo.lua, ./foo.lc, and
-/usr/local/foo/init.lua, in that order.
+The search is done as described in function package.searchpath.
 
 
 
    
 The third searcher looks for a loader as a C library,
 using the path given by the variable package.cpath.
+Again,
+the search is done as described in function package.searchpath.
 For instance,
 if the C path is the string
 
@@ -6532,80 +7748,53 @@ into one single library,
 with each submodule keeping its original open function.
 
 
-
-
 
    
-
    package.loadlib (libname, funcname)
    
-
-
-
    
-Dynamically links the host program with the C library libname.
-Inside this library, looks for a function funcname
-and returns this function as a C function.
-(So, funcname must follow the protocol (see lua_CFunction)).
-
-
-
    
-This is a low-level function.
-It completely bypasses the package and module system.
-Unlike require,
-it does not perform any path searching and
-does not automatically adds extensions.
-libname must be the complete file name of the C library,
-including if necessary a path and extension.
-funcname must be the exact name exported by the C library
-(which may depend on the C compiler and linker used).
-
-
-
    
-This function is not supported by ANSI C.
-As such, it is only available on some platforms
-(Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris, BSD,
-plus other Unix systems that support the dlfcn standard).
+All searchers except the first one (preload) return as the extra value
+the file name where the module was found,
+as returned by package.searchpath.
+The first searcher returns no extra value.
 
 
 
 
 
    
-
    package.path
    
+
    package.searchpath (name, path [, sep [, rep]])
    
 
 
 
    
-The path used by require to search for a Lua loader.
+Searches for the given name in the given path.
 
 
 
    
-At start-up, Lua initializes this variable with
-the value of the environment variable LUA_PATH or
-with a default path defined in luaconf.h,
-if the environment variable is not defined.
-Any ";;" in the value of the environment variable
-is replaced by the default path.
-
-
+A path is a string containing a sequence of
+templates separated by semicolons.
+For each template,
+the function replaces each interrogation mark (if any)
+in the template with a copy of name
+wherein all occurrences of sep
+(a dot, by default)
+were replaced by rep
+(the system's directory separator, by default),
+and then tries to open the resulting file name.
 
 
 
    
-
    package.preload
    
+For instance, if the path is the string
+
+
    +     "./?.lua;./?.lc;/usr/local/?/init.lua"
+
    
+the search for the name foo.a
+will try to open the files
+./foo/a.lua, ./foo/a.lc, and
+/usr/local/foo/a/init.lua, in that order.
 
 
 
    
-A table to store loaders for specific modules
-(see require).
-
-
-
-
-
    
-
    package.seeall (module)
    
-
-
-
    
-Sets a metatable for module with
-its __index field referring to the global environment,
-so that this module inherits values
-from the global environment.
-To be used as an option to function module.
+Returns the resulting name of the first file that it can
+open in read mode (after closing the file),
+or nil plus an error message if none succeeds.
+(This error message lists all file names it tried to open.)
 
 
 
@@ -6613,7 +7802,7 @@ To be used as an option to function module5.4 - String Manipulation
+
    6.4 – String Manipulation
    
 
 
    
 This library provides generic functions for string manipulation,
@@ -6631,7 +7820,7 @@ The string library provides all its functions inside the table
 It also sets a metatable for strings
 where the __index field points to the string table.
 Therefore, you can use the string functions in object-oriented style.
-For instance, string.byte(s, i)
+For instance, string.byte(s,i)
 can be written as s:byte(i).
 
 
@@ -6642,13 +7831,15 @@ The string library assumes one-byte character encodings.
 
    
 
    string.byte (s [, i [, j]])
    
 Returns the internal numerical codes of the characters s[i],
-s[i+1], ···, s[j].
+s[i+1], ..., s[j].
 The default value for i is 1;
 the default value for j is i.
+These indices are corrected
+following the same rules of function string.sub.
 
 
 
    
-Note that numerical codes are not necessarily portable across platforms.
+Numerical codes are not necessarily portable across platforms.
 
 
 
@@ -6662,7 +7853,7 @@ to its corresponding argument.
 
 
 
    
-Note that numerical codes are not necessarily portable across platforms.
+Numerical codes are not necessarily portable across platforms.
 
 
 
@@ -6673,15 +7864,17 @@ Note that numerical codes are not necessarily portable across platforms.
 
 
    
 Returns a string containing a binary representation of the given function,
-so that a later loadstring on this string returns
-a copy of the function.
-function must be a Lua function without upvalues.
+so that a later load on this string returns
+a copy of the function (but with new upvalues).
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    string.find (s, pattern [, init [, plain]])
    
+
+
+
    
 Looks for the first match of
 pattern in the string s.
 If it finds a match, then find returns the indices of s
@@ -6693,7 +7886,7 @@ its default value is 1 and can be negative.
 A value of true as a fourth, optional argument plain
 turns off the pattern matching facilities,
 so the function does a plain "find substring" operation,
-with no characters in pattern being considered "magic".
+with no characters in pattern being considered magic.
 Note that if plain is given, then init must be given as well.
 
 
@@ -6708,26 +7901,25 @@ after the two indices.
 
 
    
 
    string.format (formatstring, ···)
    
+
+
+
    
 Returns a formatted version of its variable number of arguments
 following the description given in its first argument (which must be a string).
-The format string follows the same rules as the printf family of
-standard C functions.
+The format string follows the same rules as the ANSI C function sprintf.
 The only differences are that the options/modifiers
-*, l, L, n, p,
-and h are not supported
+*, h, L, l, n,
+and p are not supported
 and that there is an extra option, q.
-The q option formats a string in a form suitable to be safely read
-back by the Lua interpreter:
-the string is written between double quotes,
-and all double quotes, newlines, embedded zeros,
-and backslashes in the string
-are correctly escaped when written.
+The q option formats a string between double quotes,
+using escape sequences when necessary to ensure that
+it can safely be read back by the Lua interpreter.
 For instance, the call
 
 
          string.format('%q', 'a string with "quotes" and \n new line')
 
    
-will produce the string:
+may produce the string:
 
 
          "a string with \"quotes\" and \
@@ -6735,16 +7927,21 @@ will produce the string:
 
    
 
 
    
-The options c, d, E, e, f,
-g, G, i, o, u, X, and x all
-expect a number as argument,
-whereas q and s expect a string.
-
-
-
    
-This function does not accept string values
-containing embedded zeros,
-except as arguments to the q option.
+Options
+A and a (when available),
+E, e, f,
+G, and g all expect a number as argument.
+Options c, d,
+i, o, u, X, and x
+also expect a number,
+but the range of that number may be limited by
+the underlying C implementation.
+For options o, u, X, and x,
+the number cannot be negative.
+Option q expects a string;
+option s expects a string without embedded zeros.
+If the argument to option s is not a string,
+it is converted to one following the same rules of tostring.
 
 
 
@@ -6753,13 +7950,15 @@ except as arguments to the q option.
 
    string.gmatch (s, pattern)
    
 Returns an iterator function that,
 each time it is called,
-returns the next captures from pattern over string s.
+returns the next captures from pattern over the string s.
 If pattern specifies no captures,
 then the whole match is produced in each call.
 
 
 
    
 As an example, the following loop
+will iterate over all the words from string s,
+printing one per line:
 
 
          s = "hello world from Lua"
@@ -6767,8 +7966,6 @@ As an example, the following loop
        print(w)
      end
 
    
-will iterate over all the words from string s,
-printing one per line.
 The next example collects all pairs key=value from the
 given string into a table:
 
@@ -6781,7 +7978,7 @@ given string into a table:
 
    
 
 
    
-For this function, a '^' at the start of a pattern does not
+For this function, a caret '^' at the start of a pattern does not
 work as an anchor, as this would prevent the iteration.
 
 
@@ -6796,31 +7993,34 @@ replaced by a replacement string specified by repl,
 which can be a string, a table, or a function.
 gsub also returns, as its second value,
 the total number of matches that occurred.
+The name gsub comes from Global SUBstitution.
 
 
 
    
 If repl is a string, then its value is used for replacement.
 The character % works as an escape character:
-any sequence in repl of the form %n,
-with n between 1 and 9,
-stands for the value of the n-th captured substring (see below).
+any sequence in repl of the form %d,
+with d between 1 and 9,
+stands for the value of the d-th captured substring.
 The sequence %0 stands for the whole match.
 The sequence %% stands for a single %.
 
 
 
    
 If repl is a table, then the table is queried for every match,
-using the first capture as the key;
-if the pattern specifies no captures,
-then the whole match is used as the key.
+using the first capture as the key.
 
 
 
    
 If repl is a function, then this function is called every time a
 match occurs, with all captured substrings passed as arguments,
-in order;
+in order.
+
+
+
    
+In any case,
 if the pattern specifies no captures,
-then the whole match is passed as a sole argument.
+then it behaves as if the whole pattern was inside a capture.
 
 
 
    
@@ -6849,13 +8049,13 @@ Here are some examples:
      --> x="home = /home/roberto, user = roberto"
      
      x = string.gsub("4+5 = $return 4+5$", "%$(.-)%$", function (s)
-           return loadstring(s)()
+           return load(s)()
          end)
      --> x="4+5 = 9"
      
-     local t = {name="lua", version="5.1"}
+     local t = {name="lua", version="5.2"}
      x = string.gsub("$name-$version.tar.gz", "%$(%w+)", t)
-     --> x="lua-5.1.tar.gz"
+     --> x="lua-5.2.tar.gz"
 

 
 
@@ -6897,9 +8097,11 @@ its default value is 1 and can be negative.
 
 
 

-
string.rep (s, n)

+
string.rep (s, n [, sep])

 Returns a string that is the concatenation of n copies of
-the string s.
+the string s separated by the string sep.
+The default value for sep is the empty string
+(that is, no separator).
 
 
 
@@ -6925,6 +8127,17 @@ and string.sub(s, -i) returns a suffix of s
 with length i.
 
 
+

+If, after the translation of negative indices,
+i is less than 1,
+it is corrected to 1.
+If j is greater than the string length,
+it is corrected to that length.
+If, after these corrections,
+i is greater than j,
+the function returns the empty string.
+
+
 
 
 

@@ -6936,7 +8149,7 @@ The definition of what a lowercase letter is depends on the current locale.
 
 
 
-
5.4.1 - Patterns

+
6.4.1 – Patterns

 
 
 
Character Class:

@@ -6945,35 +8158,35 @@ The following combinations are allowed in describing a character class:
 
 
    
 
-
  • x:
+
  • x: 
 (where x is not one of the magic characters
 ^$()%.[]*+-?)
 represents the character x itself.
 
    • 
 
-
  • .: (a dot) represents all characters.
    • 
+
  • .:  (a dot) represents all characters.
    • 
 
-
  • %a: represents all letters.
    • 
+
  • %a:  represents all letters.
    • 
 
-
  • %c: represents all control characters.
    • 
+
  • %c:  represents all control characters.
    • 
 
-
  • %d: represents all digits.
    • 
+
  • %d:  represents all digits.
    • 
 
-
  • %l: represents all lowercase letters.
    • 
+
  • %g:  represents all printable characters except space.
    • 
 
-
  • %p: represents all punctuation characters.
    • 
+
  • %l:  represents all lowercase letters.
    • 
 
-
  • %s: represents all space characters.
    • 
+
  • %p:  represents all punctuation characters.
    • 
 
-
  • %u: represents all uppercase letters.
    • 
+
  • %s:  represents all space characters.
    • 
 
-
  • %w: represents all alphanumeric characters.
    • 
+
  • %u:  represents all uppercase letters.
    • 
 
-
  • %x: represents all hexadecimal digits.
    • 
+
  • %w:  represents all alphanumeric characters.
    • 
 
-
  • %z: represents the character with representation 0.
    • 
+
  • %x:  represents all hexadecimal digits.
    • 
 
-
  • %x: (where x is any non-alphanumeric character)
+
  • %x:  (where x is any non-alphanumeric character)
 represents the character x.
 This is the standard way to escape the magic characters.
 Any punctuation character (even the non magic)
@@ -6981,11 +8194,12 @@ can be preceded by a '%'
 when used to represent itself in a pattern.
 
    • 
 
-
  • [set]:
+
  • [set]: 
 represents the class which is the union of all
 characters in set.
 A range of characters can be specified by
-separating the end characters of the range with a '-'.
+separating the end characters of the range,
+in ascending order, with a '-',
 All classes %x described above can also be used as
 components in set.
 All other characters in set represent themselves.
@@ -7002,7 +8216,7 @@ Therefore, patterns like [%a-z] or [a-%%]
 have no meaning.
 
    • 
 
-
  • [^set]:
+
  • [^set]: 
 represents the complement of set,
 where set is interpreted as above.
 
    • 
@@ -7048,7 +8262,7 @@ These repetition items will always match the longest possible sequence;
 a single character class followed by '-',
 which also matches 0 or more repetitions of characters in the class.
 Unlike '*',
-these repetition items will always match the shortest possible sequence;
+these repetition items will always match the shortest possible sequence;
 
 
 
  • 
@@ -7073,6 +8287,16 @@ For instance, the item %b() matches expressions with
 balanced parentheses.
 
    • 
 
+
  • 
+%f[set], a frontier pattern;
+such item matches an empty string at any position such that
+the next character belongs to set
+and the previous character does not belong to set.
+The set set is interpreted as previously described.
+The beginning and the end of the subject are handled as if
+they were the character '\0'.
+
    • 
+
 

 
 
@@ -7080,7 +8304,7 @@ balanced parentheses.
 
 
Pattern:

 A pattern is a sequence of pattern items.
-A '^' at the beginning of a pattern anchors the match at the
+A caret '^' at the beginning of a pattern anchors the match at the
 beginning of the subject string.
 A '$' at the end of a pattern anchors the match at the
 end of the subject string.
@@ -7111,97 +8335,113 @@ For instance, if we apply the pattern "()aa()" on the
 string "flaaap", there will be two captures: 3 and 5.
 
 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
6.5 – Table Manipulation

+
 

-A pattern cannot contain embedded zeros.  Use %z instead.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5.5 - Table Manipulation

 This library provides generic functions for table manipulation.
 It provides all its functions inside the table table.
 
 
 

-Most functions in the table library assume that the table
-represents an array or a list.
-For these functions, when we talk about the "length" of a table
-we mean the result of the length operator.
+Remember that, whenever an operation needs the length of a table,
+the table should be a proper sequence
+or have a __len metamethod (see §3.4.6).
+All functions ignore non-numeric keys
+in tables given as arguments.
 
 
 

-
table.concat (table [, sep [, i [, j]]])

-Given an array where all elements are strings or numbers,
-returns table[i]..sep..table[i+1] ··· sep..table[j].
+For performance reasons,
+all table accesses (get/set) performed by these functions are raw.
+
+
+

+
table.concat (list [, sep [, i [, j]]])

+
+
+

+Given a list where all elements are strings or numbers,
+returns the string list[i]..sep..list[i+1] ··· sep..list[j].
 The default value for sep is the empty string,
 the default for i is 1,
-and the default for j is the length of the table.
+and the default for j is #list.
 If i is greater than j, returns the empty string.
 
 
 
 
 

-
table.insert (table, [pos,] value)

+
table.insert (list, [pos,] value)

 
 
 

-Inserts element value at position pos in table,
-shifting up other elements to open space, if necessary.
-The default value for pos is n+1,
-where n is the length of the table (see §2.5.5),
+Inserts element value at position pos in list,
+shifting up the elements
+list[pos], list[pos+1], ···, list[#list].
+The default value for pos is #list+1,
 so that a call table.insert(t,x) inserts x at the end
-of table t.
+of list t.
 
 
 
 
 

-
table.maxn (table)

+
table.pack (···)

 
 
 

-Returns the largest positive numerical index of the given table,
-or zero if the table has no positive numerical indices.
-(To do its job this function does a linear traversal of
-the whole table.) 
+Returns a new table with all parameters stored into keys 1, 2, etc.
+and with a field "n" with the total number of parameters.
+Note that the resulting table may not be a sequence.
 
 
 
 
 

-
table.remove (table [, pos])

+
table.remove (list [, pos])

 
 
 

-Removes from table the element at position pos,
-shifting down other elements to close the space, if necessary.
-Returns the value of the removed element.
-The default value for pos is n,
-where n is the length of the table,
+Removes from list the element at position pos,
+returning the value of the removed element.
+When pos is an integer between 1 and #list,
+it shifts down the elements
+list[pos+1], list[pos+2], ···, list[#list]
+and erases element list[#list];
+The index pos can also be 0 when #list is 0,
+or #list + 1;
+in those cases, the function erases the element list[pos].
+
+
+

+The default value for pos is #list,
 so that a call table.remove(t) removes the last element
-of table t.
+of list t.
 
 
 
 
 

-
table.sort (table [, comp])

-Sorts table elements in a given order, in-place,
-from table[1] to table[n],
-where n is the length of the table.
+
table.sort (list [, comp])

+
+
+

+Sorts list elements in a given order, in-place,
+from list[1] to list[#list].
 If comp is given,
-then it must be a function that receives two table elements,
-and returns true
-when the first is less than the second
-(so that not comp(a[i+1],a[i]) will be true after the sort).
+then it must be a function that receives two list elements
+and returns true when the first element must come
+before the second in the final order
+(so that not comp(list[i+1],list[i]) will be true after the sort).
 If comp is not given,
 then the standard Lua operator < is used instead.
 
@@ -7214,10 +8454,26 @@ may have their relative positions changed by the sort.
 
 
 
+

+
table.unpack (list [, i [, j]])

+
+
+

+Returns the elements from the given table.
+This function is equivalent to
+
+
+     return list[i], list[i+1], ···, list[j]
+

+By default, i is 1 and j is #list.
 
 
 
-
5.6 - Mathematical Functions

+
+
+
+
+
6.6 – Mathematical Functions

 
 

 This library is an interface to the standard C math library.
@@ -7383,21 +8639,13 @@ Returns m2e (e should be an integer).
 
 
 

-
math.log (x)

+
math.log (x [, base])

 
 
 

-Returns the natural logarithm of x.
-
-
-
-
-

-
math.log10 (x)

-
-
-

-Returns the base-10 logarithm of x.
+Returns the logarithm of x in the given base.
+The default for base is e
+(so that the function returns the natural logarithm of x).
 
 
 
@@ -7438,7 +8686,7 @@ the integral part of x and the fractional part of x.
 
 
 

-The value of pi.
+The value of π.
 
 
 
@@ -7470,7 +8718,7 @@ Returns the angle x (given in degrees) in radians.
 
 

 This function is an interface to the simple
-pseudo-random generator function rand provided by ANSI C.
+pseudo-random generator function rand provided by Standard C.
 (No guarantees can be given for its statistical properties.)
 
 
@@ -7554,7 +8802,234 @@ Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x.
 
 
 
-
5.7 - Input and Output Facilities

+
6.7 – Bitwise Operations

+
+

+This library provides bitwise operations.
+It provides all its functions inside the table bit32.
+
+
+

+Unless otherwise stated,
+all functions accept numeric arguments in the range
+(-251,+251);
+each argument is normalized to
+the remainder of its division by 232
+and truncated to an integer (in some unspecified way),
+so that its final value falls in the range [0,232 - 1].
+Similarly, all results are in the range [0,232 - 1].
+Note that bit32.bnot(0) is 0xFFFFFFFF,
+which is different from -1.
+
+
+

+
bit32.arshift (x, disp)

+
+
+

+Returns the number x shifted disp bits to the right.
+The number disp may be any representable integer.
+Negative displacements shift to the left.
+
+
+

+This shift operation is what is called arithmetic shift.
+Vacant bits on the left are filled
+with copies of the higher bit of x;
+vacant bits on the right are filled with zeros.
+In particular,
+displacements with absolute values higher than 31
+result in zero or 0xFFFFFFFF (all original bits are shifted out).
+
+
+
+
+

+
bit32.band (···)

+
+
+

+Returns the bitwise and of its operands.
+
+
+
+
+

+
bit32.bnot (x)

+
+
+

+Returns the bitwise negation of x.
+For any integer x,
+the following identity holds:
+
+
+     assert(bit32.bnot(x) == (-1 - x) % 2^32)
+

+
+
+
+

+
bit32.bor (···)

+
+
+

+Returns the bitwise or of its operands.
+
+
+
+
+

+
bit32.btest (···)

+
+
+

+Returns a boolean signaling
+whether the bitwise and of its operands is different from zero.
+
+
+
+
+

+
bit32.bxor (···)

+
+
+

+Returns the bitwise exclusive or of its operands.
+
+
+
+
+

+
bit32.extract (n, field [, width])

+
+
+

+Returns the unsigned number formed by the bits
+field to field + width - 1 from n.
+Bits are numbered from 0 (least significant) to 31 (most significant).
+All accessed bits must be in the range [0, 31].
+
+
+

+The default for width is 1.
+
+
+
+
+

+
bit32.replace (n, v, field [, width])

+
+
+

+Returns a copy of n with
+the bits field to field + width - 1
+replaced by the value v.
+See bit32.extract for details about field and width.
+
+
+
+
+

+
bit32.lrotate (x, disp)

+
+
+

+Returns the number x rotated disp bits to the left.
+The number disp may be any representable integer.
+
+
+

+For any valid displacement,
+the following identity holds:
+
+
+     assert(bit32.lrotate(x, disp) == bit32.lrotate(x, disp % 32))
+

+In particular,
+negative displacements rotate to the right.
+
+
+
+
+

+
bit32.lshift (x, disp)

+
+
+

+Returns the number x shifted disp bits to the left.
+The number disp may be any representable integer.
+Negative displacements shift to the right.
+In any direction, vacant bits are filled with zeros.
+In particular,
+displacements with absolute values higher than 31
+result in zero (all bits are shifted out).
+
+
+

+For positive displacements,
+the following equality holds:
+
+
+     assert(bit32.lshift(b, disp) == (b * 2^disp) % 2^32)
+

+
+
+
+

+
bit32.rrotate (x, disp)

+
+
+

+Returns the number x rotated disp bits to the right.
+The number disp may be any representable integer.
+
+
+

+For any valid displacement,
+the following identity holds:
+
+
+     assert(bit32.rrotate(x, disp) == bit32.rrotate(x, disp % 32))
+

+In particular,
+negative displacements rotate to the left.
+
+
+
+
+

+
bit32.rshift (x, disp)

+
+
+

+Returns the number x shifted disp bits to the right.
+The number disp may be any representable integer.
+Negative displacements shift to the left.
+In any direction, vacant bits are filled with zeros.
+In particular,
+displacements with absolute values higher than 31
+result in zero (all bits are shifted out).
+
+
+

+For positive displacements,
+the following equality holds:
+
+
+     assert(bit32.rshift(b, disp) == math.floor(b % 2^32 / 2^disp))
+

+
+

+This shift operation is what is called logical shift.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
6.8 – Input and Output Facilities

 
 

 The I/O library provides two different styles for file manipulation.
@@ -7586,6 +9061,11 @@ all I/O functions return nil on failure
 (plus an error message as a second result and
 a system-dependent error code as a third result)
 and some value different from nil on success.
+On non-Posix systems,
+the computation of the error message and error code
+in case of errors
+may be not thread safe,
+because they rely on the global C variable errno.
 
 
 

@@ -7604,7 +9084,7 @@ Without a file, closes the default output file.
 
 
 

-Equivalent to file:flush over the default output file.
+Equivalent to io.output():flush().
 
 
 
@@ -7630,20 +9110,13 @@ instead of returning an error code.
 
 
 

-
io.lines ([filename])

+
io.lines ([filename ···])

 
 
 

 Opens the given file name in read mode
-and returns an iterator function that,
-each time it is called,
-returns a new line from the file.
-Therefore, the construction
-
-
-     for line in io.lines(filename) do body end
-

-will iterate over all lines of the file.
+and returns an iterator function that
+works like file:lines(···) over the opened file.
 When the iterator function detects the end of file,
 it returns nil (to finish the loop) and automatically closes the file.
 
@@ -7655,6 +9128,11 @@ that is, it iterates over the lines of the default input file.
 In this case it does not close the file when the loop ends.
 
 
+

+In case of errors this function raises the error,
+instead of returning an error code.
+
+
 
 
 

@@ -7672,18 +9150,16 @@ or, in case of errors, nil plus an error message.
 The mode string can be any of the following:
 
 
    
-
  • "r": read mode (the default);
    • 
-
  • "w": write mode;
    • 
-
  • "a": append mode;
    • 
-
  • "r+": update mode, all previous data is preserved;
    • 
-
  • "w+": update mode, all previous data is erased;
    • 
-
  • "a+": append update mode, previous data is preserved,
+
  • "r":  read mode (the default);
    • 
+
  • "w":  write mode;
    • 
+
  • "a":  append mode;
    • 
+
  • "r+":  update mode, all previous data is preserved;
    • 
+
  • "w+":  update mode, all previous data is erased;
    • 
+
  • "a+":  append update mode, previous data is preserved,
   writing is only allowed at the end of file.
    • 
 

 The mode string can also have a 'b' at the end,
 which is needed in some systems to open the file in binary mode.
-This string is exactly what is used in the
-standard C function fopen.
 
 
 
@@ -7702,6 +9178,11 @@ Similar to io.input, but operates over
 
io.popen (prog [, mode])

 
 
+

+This function is system dependent and is not available
+on all platforms.
+
+
 

 Starts program prog in a separated process and returns
 a file handle that you can use to read data from this program
@@ -7710,11 +9191,6 @@ or to write data to this program
 (if mode is "w").
 
 
-

-This function is system dependent and is not available
-on all platforms.
-
-
 
 
 

@@ -7722,7 +9198,7 @@ on all platforms.
 
 
 

-Equivalent to io.input():read.
+Equivalent to io.input():read(···).
 
 
 
@@ -7757,7 +9233,7 @@ or nil if obj is not a file handle.
 
 
 

-Equivalent to io.output():write.
+Equivalent to io.output():write(···).
 
 
 
@@ -7773,6 +9249,12 @@ their handles are garbage collected,
 but that takes an unpredictable amount of time to happen.
 
 
+

+When closing a file handle created with io.popen,
+file:close returns the same values
+returned by os.execute.
+
+
 
 
 

@@ -7786,21 +9268,29 @@ Saves any written data to file.
 
 
 

-
file:lines ()

+
file:lines (···)

 
 
 

 Returns an iterator function that,
 each time it is called,
-returns a new line from the file.
-Therefore, the construction
+reads the file according to the given formats.
+When no format is given,
+uses "*l" as a default.
+As an example, the construction
 
 
-     for line in file:lines() do body end
+     for c in file:lines(1) do body end
 

-will iterate over all lines of the file.
-(Unlike io.lines, this function does not close the file
-when the loop ends.)
+will iterate over all characters of the file,
+starting at the current position.
+Unlike io.lines, this function does not close the file
+when the loop ends.
+
+
+

+In case of errors this function raises the error,
+instead of returning an error code.
 
 
 
@@ -7816,7 +9306,7 @@ For each format,
 the function returns a string (or a number) with the characters read,
 or nil if it cannot read data with the specified format.
 When called without formats,
-it uses a default format that reads the entire next line
+it uses a default format that reads the next line
 (see below).
 
 
@@ -7825,24 +9315,29 @@ The available formats are
 
 
    
 
-
  • "*n":
+
  • "*n": 
 reads a number;
 this is the only format that returns a number instead of a string.
 
    • 
 
-
  • "*a":
+
  • "*a": 
 reads the whole file, starting at the current position.
 On end of file, it returns the empty string.
 
    • 
 
-
  • "*l":
-reads the next line (skipping the end of line),
+
  • "*l": 
+reads the next line skipping the end of line,
 returning nil on end of file.
 This is the default format.
 
    • 
 
-
  • number:
-reads a string with up to this number of characters,
+
  • "*L": 
+reads the next line keeping the end of line (if present),
+returning nil on end of file.
+
    • 
+
+
  • number: 
+reads a string with up to this number of bytes,
 returning nil on end of file.
 If number is zero,
 it reads nothing and returns an empty string,
@@ -7854,7 +9349,7 @@ or nil on end of file.
 
 
 
    
-
    file:seek ([whence] [, offset])
    
+
    file:seek ([whence [, offset]])
    
 
 
 
    
@@ -7864,13 +9359,13 @@ to the position given by offset plus a base
 specified by the string whence, as follows:
 
 
      
-
    • "set": base is position 0 (beginning of the file);
      • 
-
    • "cur": base is current position;
      • 
-
    • "end": base is end of file;
      • 
+
    • "set":  base is position 0 (beginning of the file);
      • 
+
    • "cur":  base is current position;
      • 
+
    • "end":  base is end of file;
      • 
 
    
-In case of success, function seek returns the final file position,
+In case of success, seek returns the final file position,
 measured in bytes from the beginning of the file.
-If this function fails, it returns nil,
+If seek fails, it returns nil,
 plus a string describing the error.
 
 
@@ -7897,17 +9392,17 @@ There are three available modes:
 
 
      
 
-
    • "no":
+
    • "no": 
 no buffering; the result of any output operation appears immediately.
 
      • 
 
-
    • "full":
+
    • "full": 
 full buffering; output operation is performed only
-when the buffer is full (or when you explicitly flush the file
-(see io.flush)).
+when the buffer is full or when
+you explicitly flush the file (see io.flush).
 
      • 
 
-
    • "line":
+
    • "line": 
 line buffering; output is buffered until a newline is output
 or there is any input from some special files
 (such as a terminal device).
@@ -7926,11 +9421,13 @@ The default is an appropriate size.
 
 
 
      
-Writes the value of each of its arguments to
-the file.
+Writes the value of each of its arguments to file.
 The arguments must be strings or numbers.
-To write other values,
-use tostring or string.format before write.
+
+
+
      
+In case of success, this function returns file.
+Otherwise it returns nil plus a string describing the error.
 
 
 
@@ -7938,7 +9435,7 @@ use tostring or Operating System Facilities
+
      6.9 – Operating System Facilities
      
 
 
      
 This library is implemented through table os.
@@ -7977,17 +9474,19 @@ then the date is formatted in Coordinated Universal Time.
 After this optional character,
 if format is the string "*t",
 then date returns a table with the following fields:
-year (four digits), month (1--12), day (1--31),
-hour (0--23), min (0--59), sec (0--61),
+year (four digits), month (1–12), day (1–31),
+hour (0–23), min (0–59), sec (0–61),
 wday (weekday, Sunday is 1),
 yday (day of the year),
 and isdst (daylight saving flag, a boolean).
+This last field may be absent
+if the information is not available.
 
 
 
      
 If format is not "*t",
 then date returns the date as a string,
-formatted according to the same rules as the C function strftime.
+formatted according to the same rules as the ANSI C function strftime.
 
 
 
      
@@ -7997,6 +9496,12 @@ the host system and on the current locale
 (that is, os.date() is equivalent to os.date("%c")).
 
 
+
      
+On non-Posix systems,
+this function may be not thread safe
+because of its reliance on C function gmtime and C function localtime.
+
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -8016,24 +9521,54 @@ this value is exactly t2-t1.
 
 
 
      
-This function is equivalent to the C function system.
+This function is equivalent to the ANSI C function system.
 It passes command to be executed by an operating system shell.
-It returns a status code, which is system-dependent.
-If command is absent, then it returns nonzero if a shell is available
-and zero otherwise.
+Its first result is true
+if the command terminated successfully,
+or nil otherwise.
+After this first result
+the function returns a string and a number,
+as follows:
+
+
        
+
+
      • "exit": 
+the command terminated normally;
+the following number is the exit status of the command.
+
        • 
+
+
      • "signal": 
+the command was terminated by a signal;
+the following number is the signal that terminated the command.
+
        • 
+
+
      
+
+
      
+When called without a command,
+os.execute returns a boolean that is true if a shell is available.
 
 
 
 
 
      
-
      os.exit ([code])
      
+
      os.exit ([code [, close])
      
 
 
 
      
-Calls the C function exit,
-with an optional code,
-to terminate the host program.
-The default value for code is the success code.
+Calls the ANSI C function exit to terminate the host program.
+If code is true,
+the returned status is EXIT_SUCCESS;
+if code is false,
+the returned status is EXIT_FAILURE;
+if code is a number,
+the returned status is this number.
+The default value for code is true.
+
+
+
      
+If the optional second argument close is true,
+closes the Lua state before exiting.
 
 
 
@@ -8054,10 +9589,10 @@ or nil if the variable is not defined.
 
 
 
      
-Deletes the file or directory with the given name.
-Directories must be empty to be removed.
+Deletes the file (or empty directory, on POSIX systems)
+with the given name.
 If this function fails, it returns nil,
-plus a string describing the error.
+plus a string describing the error and the error code.
 
 
 
@@ -8069,7 +9604,7 @@ plus a string describing the error.
 
      
 Renames file or directory named oldname to newname.
 If this function fails, it returns nil,
-plus a string describing the error.
+plus a string describing the error and the error code.
 
 
 
@@ -8080,7 +9615,7 @@ plus a string describing the error.
 
 
      
 Sets the current locale of the program.
-locale is a string specifying a locale;
+locale is a system-dependent string specifying a locale;
 category is an optional string describing which category to change:
 "all", "collate", "ctype",
 "monetary", "numeric", or "time";
@@ -8102,6 +9637,11 @@ this function only returns the name of the current locale
 for the given category.
 
 
+
      
+This function may be not thread safe
+because of its reliance on C function setlocale.
+
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -8112,17 +9652,22 @@ for the given category.
 Returns the current time when called without arguments,
 or a time representing the date and time specified by the given table.
 This table must have fields year, month, and day,
-and may have fields hour, min, sec, and isdst
-(for a description of these fields, see the os.date function).
+and may have fields
+hour (default is 12),
+min (default is 0),
+sec (default is 0),
+and isdst (default is nil).
+For a description of these fields, see the os.date function.
 
 
 
      
 The returned value is a number, whose meaning depends on your system.
-In POSIX, Windows, and some other systems, this number counts the number
+In POSIX, Windows, and some other systems,
+this number counts the number
 of seconds since some given start time (the "epoch").
 In other systems, the meaning is not specified,
 and the number returned by time can be used only as an argument to
-date and difftime.
+os.date and os.difftime.
 
 
 
@@ -8139,7 +9684,7 @@ and explicitly removed when no longer needed.
 
 
 
      
-On some systems (POSIX),
+On POSIX systems,
 this function also creates a file with that name,
 to avoid security risks.
 (Someone else might create the file with wrong permissions
@@ -8159,23 +9704,20 @@ which automatically removes the file when the program ends.
 
 
 
-
      5.9 - The Debug Library
      
+
      6.10 – The Debug Library
      
 
 
      
 This library provides
-the functionality of the debug interface to Lua programs.
+the functionality of the debug interface (§4.9) to Lua programs.
 You should exert care when using this library.
-The functions provided here should be used exclusively for debugging
-and similar tasks, such as profiling.
-Please resist the temptation to use them as a
-usual programming tool:
-they can be very slow.
-Moreover, several of these functions
-violate some assumptions about Lua code
+Several of its functions
+violate basic assumptions about Lua code
 (e.g., that variables local to a function
-cannot be accessed from outside or
-that userdata metatables cannot be changed by Lua code)
+cannot be accessed from outside;
+that userdata metatables cannot be changed by Lua code;
+that Lua programs do not crash)
 and therefore can compromise otherwise secure code.
+Moreover, some functions in this library may be slow.
 
 
 
      
@@ -8203,14 +9745,7 @@ so that the caller continues its execution.
 
 
      
 Note that commands for debug.debug are not lexically nested
-within any function, and so have no direct access to local variables.
-
-
-
-
-
      
-
      debug.getfenv (o)
      
-Returns the environment of object o.
+within any function and so have no direct access to local variables.
 
 
 
@@ -8229,19 +9764,20 @@ and the current hook count
 
 
 
      
-
      debug.getinfo ([thread,] function [, what])
      
+
      debug.getinfo ([thread,] f [, what])
      
 
 
 
      
 Returns a table with information about a function.
-You can give the function directly,
-or you can give a number as the value of function,
-which means the function running at level function of the call stack
+You can give the function directly
+or you can give a number as the value of f,
+which means the function running at level f of the call stack
 of the given thread:
 level 0 is the current function (getinfo itself);
-level 1 is the function that called getinfo;
+level 1 is the function that called getinfo
+(except for tail calls, which do not count on the stack);
 and so on.
-If function is a number larger than the number of active functions,
+If f is a number larger than the number of active functions,
 then getinfo returns nil.
 
 
@@ -8271,34 +9807,45 @@ about the print function.
 
 
 
      
-
      debug.getlocal ([thread,] level, local)
      
+
      debug.getlocal ([thread,] f, local)
      
 
 
 
      
 This function returns the name and the value of the local variable
-with index local of the function at level level of the stack.
-(The first parameter or local variable has index 1, and so on,
-until the last active local variable.)
-The function returns nil if there is no local
-variable with the given index,
-and raises an error when called with a level out of range.
+with index local of the function at level f of the stack.
+This function accesses not only explicit local variables,
+but also parameters, temporaries, etc.
+
+
+
      
+The first parameter or local variable has index 1, and so on,
+until the last active variable.
+Negative indices refer to vararg parameters;
+-1 is the first vararg parameter.
+The function returns nil if there is no variable with the given index,
+and raises an error when called with a level out of range.
 (You can call debug.getinfo to check whether the level is valid.)
 
 
 
      
-Variable names starting with '(' (open parentheses)
+Variable names starting with '(' (open parenthesis)
 represent internal variables
-(loop control variables, temporaries, and C function locals).
+(loop control variables, temporaries, varargs, and C function locals).
+
+
+
      
+The parameter f may also be a function.
+In that case, getlocal returns only the name of function parameters.
 
 
 
 
 
      
-
      debug.getmetatable (object)
      
+
      debug.getmetatable (value)
      
 
 
 
      
-Returns the metatable of the given object
+Returns the metatable of the given value
 or nil if it does not have a metatable.
 
 
@@ -8309,30 +9856,31 @@ or nil if it does not have a metatable.
 
 
 
      
-Returns the registry table (see §3.5).
+Returns the registry table (see §4.5).
 
 
 
 
 
      
-
      debug.getupvalue (func, up)
      
+
      debug.getupvalue (f, up)
      
 
 
 
      
 This function returns the name and the value of the upvalue
-with index up of the function func.
+with index up of the function f.
 The function returns nil if there is no upvalue with the given index.
 
 
 
 
 
      
-
      debug.setfenv (object, table)
      
+
      debug.getuservalue (u)
      
 
 
 
      
-Sets the environment of the given object to the given table.
-Returns object.
+Returns the Lua value associated to u.
+If u is not a userdata,
+returns nil.
 
 
 
@@ -8349,9 +9897,9 @@ The string mask may have the following characters,
 with the given meaning:
 
 
        
-
      • "c": the hook is called every time Lua calls a function;
        • 
-
      • "r": the hook is called every time Lua returns from a function;
        • 
-
      • "l": the hook is called every time Lua enters a new line of code.
        • 
+
      • 'c':  the hook is called every time Lua calls a function;
        • 
+
      • 'r':  the hook is called every time Lua returns from a function;
        • 
+
      • 'l':  the hook is called every time Lua enters a new line of code.
        • 
 
      
 With a count different from zero,
 the hook is called after every count instructions.
@@ -8365,8 +9913,8 @@ When called without arguments,
 
      
 When the hook is called, its first parameter is a string
 describing the event that has triggered its call:
-"call", "return" (or "tail return",
-when simulating a return from a tail call),
+"call" (or "tail call"),
+"return",
 "line", and "count".
 For line events,
 the hook also gets the new line number as its second parameter.
@@ -8374,10 +9922,7 @@ Inside a hook,
 you can call getinfo with level 2 to get more information about
 the running function
 (level 0 is the getinfo function,
-and level 1 is the hook function),
-unless the event is "tail return".
-In this case, Lua is only simulating the return,
-and a call to getinfo will return invalid data.
+and level 1 is the hook function).
 
 
 
@@ -8396,26 +9941,32 @@ and raises an error when called with a level out of range.
 Otherwise, it returns the name of the local variable.
 
 
+
      
+See debug.getlocal for more information about
+variable indices and names.
+
+
 
 
 
      
-
      debug.setmetatable (object, table)
      
+
      debug.setmetatable (value, table)
      
 
 
 
      
-Sets the metatable for the given object to the given table
+Sets the metatable for the given value to the given table
 (which can be nil).
+Returns value.
 
 
 
 
 
      
-
      debug.setupvalue (func, up, value)
      
+
      debug.setupvalue (f, up, value)
      
 
 
 
      
 This function assigns the value value to the upvalue
-with index up of the function func.
+with index up of the function f.
 The function returns nil if there is no upvalue
 with the given index.
 Otherwise, it returns the name of the upvalue.
@@ -8423,12 +9974,32 @@ Otherwise, it returns the name of the upvalue.
 
 
 
+
      
+
      debug.setuservalue (udata, value)
      
+
+
+
      
+Sets the given value as
+the Lua value associated to the given udata.
+value must be a table or nil;
+udata must be a full userdata.
+
+
+
      
+Returns udata.
+
+
+
+
 
      
 
      debug.traceback ([thread,] [message [, level]])
      
 
 
 
      
-Returns a string with a traceback of the call stack.
+If message is present but is neither a string nor nil,
+this function returns message without further processing.
+Otherwise,
+it returns a string with a traceback of the call stack.
 An optional message string is appended
 at the beginning of the traceback.
 An optional level number tells at which level
@@ -8438,19 +10009,50 @@ to start the traceback
 
 
 
+
      
+
      debug.upvalueid (f, n)
      
+
+
+
      
+Returns an unique identifier (as a light userdata)
+for the upvalue numbered n
+from the given function.
+
+
+
      
+These unique identifiers allow a program to check whether different
+closures share upvalues.
+Lua closures that share an upvalue
+(that is, that access a same external local variable)
+will return identical ids for those upvalue indices.
 
 
 
-
      6 - Lua Stand-alone
      
+
+
      
+
      debug.upvaluejoin (f1, n1, f2, n2)
      
+
+
+
      
+Make the n1-th upvalue of the Lua closure f1
+refer to the n2-th upvalue of the Lua closure f2.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
      7 – Lua Standalone
      
 
 
      
 Although Lua has been designed as an extension language,
 to be embedded in a host C program,
-it is also frequently used as a stand-alone language.
-An interpreter for Lua as a stand-alone language,
+it is also frequently used as a standalone language.
+An interpreter for Lua as a standalone language,
 called simply lua,
 is provided with the standard distribution.
-The stand-alone interpreter includes
+The standalone interpreter includes
 all standard libraries, including the debug library.
 Its usage is:
 
@@ -8460,12 +10062,13 @@ Its usage is:
 The options are:
 
 
        
-
      • -e stat: executes string stat;
        • 
-
      • -l mod: "requires" mod;
        • 
-
      • -i: enters interactive mode after running script;
        • 
-
      • -v: prints version information;
        • 
-
      • --: stops handling options;
        • 
-
      • -: executes stdin as a file and stops handling options.
        • 
+
      • -e stat:  executes string stat;
        • 
+
      • -l mod:  "requires" mod;
        • 
+
      • -i:  enters interactive mode after running script;
        • 
+
      • -v:  prints version information;
        • 
+
      • -E:  ignores environment variables;
        • 
+
      • --:  stops handling options;
        • 
+
      • -:  executes stdin as a file and stops handling options.
        • 
 
      
 After handling its options, lua runs the given script,
 passing to it the given args as string arguments.
@@ -8476,21 +10079,33 @@ and as lua - otherwise.
 
 
 
      
-Before running any argument,
-the interpreter checks for an environment variable LUA_INIT.
-If its format is @filename,
+When called without option -E, 
+the interpreter checks for an environment variable LUA_INIT_5_2
+(or LUA_INIT if it is not defined)
+before running any argument.
+If the variable content has the format @filename,
 then lua executes the file.
 Otherwise, lua executes the string itself.
 
 
 
      
-All options are handled in order, except -i.
+When called with option -E,
+besides ignoring LUA_INIT,
+Lua also ignores
+the values of LUA_PATH and LUA_CPATH,
+setting the values of
+package.path and package.cpath
+with the default paths defined in luaconf.h.
+
+
+
      
+All options are handled in order, except -i and -E.
 For instance, an invocation like
 
 
            $ lua -e'a=1' -e 'print(a)' script.lua
 
      
-will first set a to 1, then print the value of a (which is '1'),
+will first set a to 1, then print the value of a,
 and finally run the file script.lua with no arguments.
 (Here $ is the shell prompt. Your prompt may be different.)
 
@@ -8519,7 +10134,7 @@ then creates a table
              [1] = "t1", [2] = "t2" }

and finally runs the file b.lua. -The script is called with arg[1], arg[2], ··· +The script is called with arg[1], arg[2], ... as arguments; it can also access these arguments with the vararg expression '...'. @@ -8532,30 +10147,28 @@ by issuing a different prompt.

-If the global variable _PROMPT contains a string, -then its value is used as the prompt. -Similarly, if the global variable _PROMPT2 contains a string, -its value is used as the secondary prompt -(issued during incomplete statements). -Therefore, both prompts can be changed directly on the command line -or in any Lua programs by assigning to _PROMPT. -See the next example: +In case of unprotected errors in the script, +the interpreter reports the error to the standard error stream. +If the error object is a string, +the interpreter adds a stack traceback to it. +Otherwise, if the error object has a metamethod __tostring, +the interpreter calls this metamethod to produce the final message. +Finally, if the error object is nil, +the interpreter does not report the error. -

-     $ lua -e"_PROMPT='myprompt> '" -i
-

-(The outer pair of quotes is for the shell, -the inner pair is for Lua.) -Note the use of -i to enter interactive mode; -otherwise, -the program would just end silently -right after the assignment to _PROMPT. + +

+When finishing normally, +the interpreter closes its main Lua state +(see lua_close). +The script can avoid this step by +calling os.exit to terminate.

To allow the use of Lua as a script interpreter in Unix systems, -the stand-alone interpreter skips +the standalone interpreter skips the first line of a chunk if it starts with #. Therefore, Lua scripts can be made into executable programs by using chmod +x and the #! form, @@ -8567,46 +10180,80 @@ as in (Of course, the location of the Lua interpreter may be different in your machine. If lua is in your PATH, -then +then 

      #!/usr/bin/env lua

-is a more portable solution.) +is a more portable solution.) -

7 - Incompatibilities with the Previous Version

+

8 – Incompatibilities with the Previous Version

Here we list the incompatibilities that you may find when moving a program -from Lua 5.0 to Lua 5.1. -You can avoid most of the incompatibilities compiling Lua with +from Lua 5.1 to Lua 5.2. +You can avoid some incompatibilities by compiling Lua with appropriate options (see file luaconf.h). However, all these compatibility options will be removed in the next version of Lua. +Similarly, +all features marked as deprecated in Lua 5.1 +have been removed in Lua 5.2. -

7.1 - Changes in the Language

+

8.1 – Changes in the Language

  • -The vararg system changed from the pseudo-argument arg with a -table with the extra arguments to the vararg expression. -(See compile-time option LUA_COMPAT_VARARG in luaconf.h.) +The concept of environment changed. +Only Lua functions have environments. +To set the environment of a Lua function, +use the variable _ENV or the function load. + + +

    +C functions no longer have environments. +Use an upvalue with a shared table if you need to keep +shared state among several C functions. +(You may use luaL_setfuncs to open a C library +with all functions sharing a common upvalue.) + + +

    +To manipulate the "environment" of a userdata +(which is now called user value), +use the new functions +lua_getuservalue and lua_setuservalue.

  • -There was a subtle change in the scope of the implicit -variables of the for statement and for the repeat statement. +Lua identifiers cannot use locale-dependent letters.
  • -The long string/long comment syntax ([[string]]) -does not allow nesting. -You can use the new syntax ([=[string]=]) in these cases. -(See compile-time option LUA_COMPAT_LSTR in luaconf.h.) +Doing a step or a full collection in the garbage collector +does not restart the collector if it has been stopped. +
    • + +
  • +Weak tables with weak keys now perform like ephemeron tables. +
    • + +
  • +The event tail return in debug hooks was removed. +Instead, tail calls generate a special new event, +tail call, so that the debugger can know that +there will not be a corresponding return event. +
    • + +
  • +Equality between function values has changed. +Now, a function definition may not create a new value; +it may reuse some previous value if there is no +observable difference to the new function.
@@ -8614,57 +10261,71 @@ You can use the new syntax ([=[string]=]) in these cases. -

7.2 - Changes in the Libraries

+

8.2 – Changes in the Libraries

  • -Function string.gfind was renamed string.gmatch. -(See compile-time option LUA_COMPAT_GFIND in luaconf.h.) +Function module is deprecated. +It is easy to set up a module with regular Lua code. +Modules are not expected to set global variables.
  • -When string.gsub is called with a function as its -third argument, -whenever this function returns nil or false the -replacement string is the whole match, -instead of the empty string. +Functions setfenv and getfenv were removed, +because of the changes in environments.
  • -Function table.setn was deprecated. -Function table.getn corresponds -to the new length operator (#); -use the operator instead of the function. -(See compile-time option LUA_COMPAT_GETN in luaconf.h.) +Function math.log10 is deprecated. +Use math.log with 10 as its second argument, instead.
  • -Function loadlib was renamed package.loadlib. -(See compile-time option LUA_COMPAT_LOADLIB in luaconf.h.) +Function loadstring is deprecated. +Use load instead; it now accepts string arguments +and are exactly equivalent to loadstring.
  • -Function math.mod was renamed math.fmod. -(See compile-time option LUA_COMPAT_MOD in luaconf.h.) +Function table.maxn is deprecated. +Write it in Lua if you really need it.
  • -Functions table.foreach and table.foreachi are deprecated. -You can use a for loop with pairs or ipairs instead. +Function os.execute now returns true when command +terminates successfully and nil plus error information +otherwise.
  • -There were substantial changes in function require due to -the new module system. -However, the new behavior is mostly compatible with the old, -but require gets the path from package.path instead -of from LUA_PATH. +Function unpack was moved into the table library +and therefore must be called as table.unpack.
  • -Function collectgarbage has different arguments. -Function gcinfo is deprecated; -use collectgarbage("count") instead. +Character class %z in patterns is deprecated, +as now patterns may contain '\0' as a regular character. +
    • + +
  • +The table package.loaders was renamed package.searchers. +
    • + +
  • +Lua does not have bytecode verification anymore. +So, all functions that load code +(load and loadfile) +are potentially insecure when loading untrusted binary data. +(Actually, those functions were already insecure because +of flaws in the verification algorithm.) +When in doubt, +use the mode argument of those functions +to restrict them to loading textual chunks. +
    • + +
  • +The standard paths in the official distribution may +change between versions.
@@ -8672,40 +10333,76 @@ use collectgarbage("count") instead. -

7.3 - Changes in the API

+

8.3 – Changes in the API

  • -The luaopen_* functions (to open libraries) -cannot be called directly, -like a regular C function. -They must be called through Lua, -like a Lua function. +Pseudoindex LUA_GLOBALSINDEX was removed. +You must get the global environment from the registry +(see §4.5).
  • -Function lua_open was replaced by lua_newstate to -allow the user to set a memory-allocation function. -You can use luaL_newstate from the standard library to -create a state with a standard allocation function -(based on realloc). +Pseudoindex LUA_ENVIRONINDEX +and functions lua_getfenv/lua_setfenv +were removed, +as C functions no longer have environments.
  • -Functions luaL_getn and luaL_setn -(from the auxiliary library) are deprecated. -Use lua_objlen instead of luaL_getn -and nothing instead of luaL_setn. +Function luaL_register is deprecated. +Use luaL_setfuncs so that your module does not create globals. +(Modules are not expected to set global variables anymore.)
  • -Function luaL_openlib was replaced by luaL_register. +The osize argument to the allocation function +may not be zero when creating a new block, +that is, when ptr is NULL +(see lua_Alloc). +Use only the test ptr == NULL to check whether +the block is new.
  • -Function luaL_checkudata now throws an error when the given value -is not a userdata of the expected type. -(In Lua 5.0 it returned NULL.) +Finalizers (__gc metamethods) for userdata are called in the +reverse order that they were marked for finalization, +not that they were created (see §2.5.1). +(Most userdata are marked immediately after they are created.) +Moreover, +if the metatable does not have a __gc field when set, +the finalizer will not be called, +even if it is set later. +
    • + +
  • +luaL_typerror was removed. +Write your own version if you need it. +
    • + +
  • +Function lua_cpcall is deprecated. +You can simply push the function with lua_pushcfunction +and call it with lua_pcall. +
    • + +
  • +Functions lua_equal and lua_lessthan are deprecated. +Use the new lua_compare with appropriate options instead. +
    • + +
  • +Function lua_objlen was renamed lua_rawlen. +
    • + +
  • +Function lua_load has an extra parameter, mode. +Pass NULL to simulate the old behavior. +
    • + +
  • +Function lua_resume has an extra parameter, from. +Pass NULL or the thread doing the call.
@@ -8713,7 +10410,7 @@ is not a userdata of the expected type. -

8 - The Complete Syntax of Lua

+

9 – The Complete Syntax of Lua

Here is the complete syntax of Lua in extended BNF. @@ -8724,62 +10421,68 @@ Here is the complete syntax of Lua in extended BNF. 

 
-	chunk ::= {stat [`;´]} [laststat [`;´]]
+	chunk ::= block
 
-	block ::= chunk
+	block ::= {stat} [retstat]
 
-	stat ::=  varlist `=´ explist | 
+	stat ::=  ‘;’ | 
+		 varlist ‘=’ explist | 
 		 functioncall | 
+		 label | 
+		 break | 
+		 goto Name | 
 		 do block end | 
 		 while exp do block end | 
 		 repeat block until exp | 
 		 if exp then block {elseif exp then block} [else block] end | 
-		 for Name `=´ exp `,´ exp [`,´ exp] do block end | 
+		 for Name ‘=’ exp ‘,’ exp [‘,’ exp] do block end | 
 		 for namelist in explist do block end | 
 		 function funcname funcbody | 
 		 local function Name funcbody | 
-		 local namelist [`=´ explist] 
+		 local namelist [‘=’ explist] 
 
-	laststat ::= return [explist] | break
+	retstat ::= return [explist] [‘;’]
 
-	funcname ::= Name {`.´ Name} [`:´ Name]
+	label ::= ‘::’ Name ‘::’
 
-	varlist ::= var {`,´ var}
+	funcname ::= Name {‘.’ Name} [‘:’ Name]
 
-	var ::=  Name | prefixexp `[´ exp `]´ | prefixexp `.´ Name 
+	varlist ::= var {‘,’ var}
 
-	namelist ::= Name {`,´ Name}
+	var ::=  Name | prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’ | prefixexp ‘.’ Name 
 
-	explist ::= {exp `,´} exp
+	namelist ::= Name {‘,’ Name}
 
-	exp ::=  nil | false | true | Number | String | `...´ | function | 
+	explist ::= exp {‘,’ exp}
+
+	exp ::=  nil | false | true | Number | String | ‘...’ | functiondef | 
 		 prefixexp | tableconstructor | exp binop exp | unop exp 
 
-	prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | `(´ exp `)´
+	prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | ‘(’ exp ‘)’
 
-	functioncall ::=  prefixexp args | prefixexp `:´ Name args 
+	functioncall ::=  prefixexp args | prefixexp ‘:’ Name args 
 
-	args ::=  `(´ [explist] `)´ | tableconstructor | String 
+	args ::=  ‘(’ [explist] ‘)’ | tableconstructor | String 
 
-	function ::= function funcbody
+	functiondef ::= function funcbody
 
-	funcbody ::= `(´ [parlist] `)´ block end
+	funcbody ::= ‘(’ [parlist] ‘)’ block end
 
-	parlist ::= namelist [`,´ `...´] | `...´
+	parlist ::= namelist [‘,’ ‘...’] | ‘...’
 
-	tableconstructor ::= `{´ [fieldlist] `}´
+	tableconstructor ::= ‘{’ [fieldlist] ‘}’
 
 	fieldlist ::= field {fieldsep field} [fieldsep]
 
-	field ::= `[´ exp `]´ `=´ exp | Name `=´ exp | exp
+	field ::= ‘[’ exp ‘]’ ‘=’ exp | Name ‘=’ exp | exp
 
-	fieldsep ::= `,´ | `;´
+	fieldsep ::= ‘,’ | ‘;’
 
-	binop ::= `+´ | `-´ | `*´ | `/´ | `^´ | `%´ | `..´ | 
-		 `<´ | `<=´ | `>´ | `>=´ | `==´ | `~=´ | 
+	binop ::= ‘+’ | ‘-’ | ‘*’ | ‘/’ | ‘^’ | ‘%’ | ‘..’ | 
+		 ‘<’ | ‘<=’ | ‘>’ | ‘>=’ | ‘==’ | ‘~=’ | 
 		 and | or
 
-	unop ::= `-´ | not | `#´
+	unop ::= ‘-’ | not | ‘#’
@@ -8794,10 +10497,10 @@ Here is the complete syntax of Lua in extended BNF.
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Lua -Documentation +Welcome to Lua 5.2

-This is the documentation included in the source distribution of Lua 5.1.5. +

+about +· +installation +· +changes +· +license +· +reference manual -

+

About Lua

+

+Lua is a powerful, fast, lightweight, embeddable scripting language +developed by a +team +at +PUC-Rio, +the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. +Lua is +free software +used in many products and projects around the world. + +

Lua's official web site -contains updated documentation, +provides complete information +about Lua, +including +an +executive summary +and +updated +documentation, especially the -reference manual. +reference manual, +which may differ slightly from the +local copy +distributed in this package. + +

Installing Lua

+ +

+Lua is distributed in +source +form. +You need to build it before using it. +Building Lua should be straightforward +because +Lua is implemented in pure ANSI C and compiles unmodified in all known +platforms that have an ANSI C compiler. +Lua also compiles unmodified as C++. +The instructions given below for building Lua are for Unix-like platforms. +See also +instructions for other systems +and +customization options. + +

+If you don't have the time or the inclination to compile Lua yourself, +get a binary from +LuaBinaries. +Try also +Lua for Windows, +an easy-to-use distribution of Lua that includes many useful libraries. + +

Building Lua

+ +

+In most Unix-like platforms, simply do "make" with a suitable target. +Here are the details. + +

    +
  1. +Open a terminal window and move to +the top-level directory, which is named lua-5.2.3. +The Makefile there controls both the build process and the installation process. +

    +

  2. + Do "make" and see if your platform is listed. + The platforms currently supported are: +

    +

    + aix ansi bsd freebsd generic linux macosx mingw posix solaris +

    +

    + If your platform is listed, just do "make xxx", where xxx + is your platform name. +

    + If your platform is not listed, try the closest one or posix, generic, + ansi, in this order. +

    +

  3. +The compilation takes only a few moments +and produces three files in the src directory: +lua (the interpreter), +luac (the compiler), +and liblua.a (the library). +

    +

  4. + To check that Lua has been built correctly, do "make test" + after building Lua. This will run the interpreter and print its version string. +
+

+If you're running Linux and get compilation errors, +make sure you have installed the readline development package. +If you get link errors after that, +then try "make linux MYLIBS=-ltermcap". + +

Installing Lua

+

+ Once you have built Lua, you may want to install it in an official + place in your system. In this case, do "make install". The official + place and the way to install files are defined in the Makefile. You'll + probably need the right permissions to install files. + +

+ To build and install Lua in one step, do "make xxx install", + where xxx is your platform name. + +

+ To install Lua locally, do "make local". + This will create a directory install with subdirectories + bin, include, lib, man, + and install Lua as listed below. + + To install Lua locally, but in some other directory, do + "make install INSTALL_TOP=xxx", where xxx is your chosen directory. + +

+
+ bin: +
+ lua luac +
+ include: +
+ lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp +
+ lib: +
+ liblua.a +
+ man/man1: +
+ lua.1 luac.1 +
+ +

+ These are the only directories you need for development. + If you only want to run Lua programs, + you only need the files in bin and man. + The files in include and lib are needed for + embedding Lua in C or C++ programs. + +

Customization

+

+ Three kinds of things can be customized by editing a file: +

    +
  • Where and how to install Lua — edit Makefile. +
  • How to build Lua — edit src/Makefile. +
  • Lua features — edit src/luaconf.h. +
+ +

+ You don't actually need to edit the Makefiles because you may set the + relevant variables in the command line when invoking make. + Nevertheless, it's probably best to edit and save the Makefiles to + record the changes you need. + +

+ On the other hand, if you need to customize some Lua features, you'll need + to edit src/luaconf.h before building and installing Lua. + The edited file will be the one installed, and + it will be used by any Lua clients that you build, to ensure consistency. + Further customization is available to experts by editing the Lua sources. + +

+ We strongly recommend that you enable dynamic loading in src/luaconf.h. + This is done automatically for all platforms listed above that have + this feature and also for Windows. + +

Building Lua on other systems

+ +

+ If you're not using the usual Unix tools, then the instructions for + building Lua depend on the compiler you use. You'll need to create + projects (or whatever your compiler uses) for building the library, + the interpreter, and the compiler, as follows: + +

+
+library: +
+lapi.c lcode.c lctype.c ldebug.c ldo.c ldump.c lfunc.c lgc.c llex.c +lmem.c lobject.c lopcodes.c lparser.c lstate.c lstring.c ltable.c +ltm.c lundump.c lvm.c lzio.c +lauxlib.c lbaselib.c lbitlib.c lcorolib.c ldblib.c liolib.c +lmathlib.c loslib.c lstrlib.c ltablib.c loadlib.c linit.c +
+interpreter: +
+ library, lua.c +
+compiler: +
+ library, luac.c +
+ +

+ To use Lua as a library in your own programs you'll need to know how to + create and use libraries with your compiler. Moreover, to dynamically load + C libraries for Lua you'll need to know how to create dynamic libraries + and you'll need to make sure that the Lua API functions are accessible to + those dynamic libraries — but don't link the Lua library + into each dynamic library. For Unix, we recommend that the Lua library + be linked statically into the host program and its symbols exported for + dynamic linking; src/Makefile does this for the Lua interpreter. + For Windows, we recommend that the Lua library be a DLL. + +

+ As mentioned above, you may edit src/luaconf.h to customize + some features before building Lua. + +

Changes since Lua 5.1

+ +

+Here are the main changes introduced in Lua 5.2. +The +reference manual +lists the +incompatibilities that had to be introduced. + +

Main changes

+
    +
  • yieldable pcall and metamethods +
  • new lexical scheme for globals +
  • ephemeron tables +
  • new library for bitwise operations +
  • light C functions +
  • emergency garbage collector +
  • goto statement +
  • finalizers for tables +
+ +Here are the other changes introduced in Lua 5.2: +

Language

+
    +
  • no more fenv for threads or functions +
  • tables honor the __len metamethod +
  • hex and \z escapes in strings +
  • support for hexadecimal floats +
  • order metamethods work for different types +
  • no more verification of opcode consistency +
  • hook event "tail return" replaced by "tail call" +
  • empty statement +
  • break statement may appear in the middle of a block +
+ +

Libraries

+
    +
  • arguments for function called through xpcall +
  • optional 'mode' argument to load and loadfile (to control binary x text) +
  • optional 'env' argument to load and loadfile (environment for loaded chunk) +
  • loadlib may load libraries with global names (RTLD_GLOBAL) +
  • new function package.searchpath +
  • modules receive their paths when loaded +
  • optional base in math.log +
  • optional separator in string.rep +
  • file:write returns file +
  • closing a pipe returns exit status +
  • os.exit may close state +
  • new metamethods __pairs and __ipairs +
  • new option 'isrunning' for collectgarbage and lua_gc +
  • frontier patterns +
  • \0 in patterns +
  • new option *L for io.read +
  • options for io.lines +
  • debug.getlocal can access function varargs +
+ +

C API

+
    +
  • main thread predefined in the registry +
  • new functions +lua_absindex, +lua_arith, +lua_compare, +lua_copy, +lua_len, +lua_rawgetp, +lua_rawsetp, +lua_upvalueid, +lua_upvaluejoin, +lua_version. +
  • new functions +luaL_checkversion, +luaL_setmetatable, +luaL_testudata, +luaL_tolstring. +
  • lua_pushstring and pushlstring return string +
  • nparams and isvararg available in debug API +
  • new lua_Unsigned +
+ +

Implementation

+
    +
  • max constants per function raised to 226 +
  • generational mode for garbage collection (experimental) +
  • NaN trick (experimental) +
  • internal (immutable) version of ctypes +
  • simpler implementation for string buffers +
  • parser uses much less C-stack space (no more auto arrays) +
+ +

Lua standalone interpreter

+
    +
  • new -E option to avoid environment variables +
  • handling of non-string error messages +
+ +

License

+ +[osi certified] + + +

+Lua is free software distributed under the terms of the +MIT license +reproduced below; +it may be used for any purpose, including commercial purposes, +at absolutely no cost without having to ask us. + +The only requirement is that if you do use Lua, +then you should give us credit by including the appropriate copyright notice somewhere in your product or its documentation. + +For details, see +this. + +

+Copyright © 1994–2013 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. + +

+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy +of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal +in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights +to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell +copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is +furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: + +

+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in +all copies or substantial portions of the Software. + +

+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR +IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, +FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE +AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER +LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, +OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN +THE SOFTWARE. +

- + Last update: -Fri Feb 3 09:44:42 BRST 2012 +Sat Nov 9 22:39:16 BRST 2013 + diff --git a/lua/src/Makefile b/lua/src/Makefile index bed9646c..9991185f 100644 --- a/lua/src/Makefile +++ b/lua/src/Makefile @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ -# makefile for building Lua -# see ../INSTALL for installation instructions -# see ../Makefile and luaconf.h for further customization +# Makefile for building Lua +# See ../doc/readme.html for installation and customization instructions. # == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT ======================= @@ -8,37 +7,46 @@ PLAT= none CC= gcc -CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall $(MYCFLAGS) +CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall -DLUA_COMPAT_ALL $(SYSCFLAGS) $(MYCFLAGS) +LDFLAGS= $(SYSLDFLAGS) $(MYLDFLAGS) +LIBS= -lm $(SYSLIBS) $(MYLIBS) + AR= ar rcu RANLIB= ranlib RM= rm -f -LIBS= -lm $(MYLIBS) + +SYSCFLAGS= +SYSLDFLAGS= +SYSLIBS= MYCFLAGS= MYLDFLAGS= MYLIBS= +MYOBJS= -# == END OF USER SETTINGS. NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ========= +# == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ======= -PLATS= aix ansi bsd freebsd generic linux linux32bit macosx macosx32bit mingw posix solaris +PLATS= aix ansi bsd freebsd generic linux linux32bit macosx macosx32bit mingw posix posix32bit solaris LUA_A= liblua.a -CORE_O= lapi.o lcode.o ldebug.o ldo.o ldump.o lfunc.o lgc.o llex.o lmem.o \ - lobject.o lopcodes.o lparser.o lstate.o lstring.o ltable.o ltm.o \ - lundump.o lvm.o lzio.o -LIB_O= lauxlib.o lbaselib.o ldblib.o liolib.o lmathlib.o loslib.o ltablib.o \ - lstrlib.o loadlib.o linit.o +CORE_O= lapi.o lcode.o lctype.o ldebug.o ldo.o ldump.o lfunc.o lgc.o llex.o \ + lmem.o lobject.o lopcodes.o lparser.o lstate.o lstring.o ltable.o \ + ltm.o lundump.o lvm.o lzio.o +LIB_O= lauxlib.o lbaselib.o lbitlib.o lcorolib.o ldblib.o liolib.o \ + lmathlib.o loslib.o lstrlib.o ltablib.o loadlib.o linit.o +BASE_O= $(CORE_O) $(LIB_O) $(MYOBJS) LUA_T= lua LUA_O= lua.o LUAC_T= luac -LUAC_O= luac.o print.o +LUAC_O= luac.o -ALL_O= $(CORE_O) $(LIB_O) $(LUA_O) $(LUAC_O) +ALL_O= $(BASE_O) $(LUA_O) $(LUAC_O) ALL_T= $(LUA_A) $(LUA_T) $(LUAC_T) ALL_A= $(LUA_A) +# Targets start here. default: $(PLAT) all: $(ALL_T) @@ -47,140 +55,136 @@ o: $(ALL_O) a: $(ALL_A) -$(LUA_A): $(CORE_O) $(LIB_O) - $(AR) $@ $(CORE_O) $(LIB_O) # DLL needs all object files +$(LUA_A): $(BASE_O) + $(AR) $@ $(BASE_O) $(RANLIB) $@ $(LUA_T): $(LUA_O) $(LUA_A) - $(CC) -o $@ $(MYLDFLAGS) $(LUA_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS) + $(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LUA_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS) $(LUAC_T): $(LUAC_O) $(LUA_A) - $(CC) -o $@ $(MYLDFLAGS) $(LUAC_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS) + $(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LUAC_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS) clean: $(RM) $(ALL_T) $(ALL_O) depend: - @$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -MM l*.c print.c + @$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -MM l*.c echo: - @echo "PLAT = $(PLAT)" - @echo "CC = $(CC)" - @echo "CFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)" - @echo "AR = $(AR)" - @echo "RANLIB = $(RANLIB)" - @echo "RM = $(RM)" - @echo "MYCFLAGS = $(MYCFLAGS)" - @echo "MYLDFLAGS = $(MYLDFLAGS)" - @echo "MYLIBS = $(MYLIBS)" + @echo "PLAT= $(PLAT)" + @echo "CC= $(CC)" + @echo "CFLAGS= $(CFLAGS)" + @echo "LDFLAGS= $(SYSLDFLAGS)" + @echo "LIBS= $(LIBS)" + @echo "AR= $(AR)" + @echo "RANLIB= $(RANLIB)" + @echo "RM= $(RM)" -# convenience targets for popular platforms +# Convenience targets for popular platforms +ALL= all none: - @echo "Please choose a platform:" + @echo "Please do 'make PLATFORM' where PLATFORM is one of these:" @echo " $(PLATS)" aix: - $(MAKE) all CC="xlc" CFLAGS="-O2 -DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" MYLIBS="-ldl" MYLDFLAGS="-brtl -bexpall" + $(MAKE) $(ALL) CC="xlc" CFLAGS="-O2 -DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-ldl" SYSLDFLAGS="-brtl -bexpall" ansi: - $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS=-DLUA_ANSI + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_ANSI" bsd: - $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" MYLIBS="-Wl,-E" + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E" freebsd: - $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX" MYLIBS="-Wl,-E -lreadline" + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -lreadline" -generic: - $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS= +generic: $(ALL) linux: - $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS=-DLUA_USE_LINUX MYLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl -lreadline -lhistory -lncurses" + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl -lreadline" macosx: - $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS=-DLUA_USE_LINUX MYLIBS="-lreadline" - -# use this on Mac OS X 10.3- -# $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS=-DLUA_USE_MACOSX + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_MACOSX" SYSLIBS="-lreadline" CC=cc mingw: - $(MAKE) "LUA_A=lua51.dll" "LUA_T=lua.exe" \ + $(MAKE) "LUA_A=lua52.dll" "LUA_T=lua.exe" \ "AR=$(CC) -shared -o" "RANLIB=strip --strip-unneeded" \ - "MYCFLAGS=-DLUA_BUILD_AS_DLL" "MYLIBS=" "MYLDFLAGS=-s" lua.exe + "SYSCFLAGS=-DLUA_BUILD_AS_DLL" "SYSLIBS=" "SYSLDFLAGS=-s" lua.exe $(MAKE) "LUAC_T=luac.exe" luac.exe posix: - $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -fPIC -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" MYLIBS="-ldl" + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -fPIC -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-ldl" posix32bit: - $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS="-m32 -DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" MYLDFLAGS="-m32" MYLIBS="-ldl" + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-m32 -DLUA_USE_POSIX -fPIC -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLDFLAGS="-m32" SYSLIBS="-ldl" solaris: - $(MAKE) all MYCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" MYLIBS="-ldl" + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-ldl" # list targets that do not create files (but not all makes understand .PHONY) .PHONY: all $(PLATS) default o a clean depend echo none # DO NOT DELETE -lapi.o: lapi.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h lobject.h llimits.h ldebug.h \ - lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h \ - lundump.h lvm.h +lapi.o: lapi.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h \ + lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lundump.h \ + lvm.h lauxlib.o: lauxlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lbaselib.o: lbaselib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +lbitlib.o: lbitlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h lcode.o: lcode.c lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h llimits.h \ - lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h ldo.h lgc.h \ - ltable.h + lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h ldo.h lgc.h \ + lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h +lcorolib.o: lcorolib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +lctype.o: lctype.c lctype.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h ldblib.o: ldblib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h -ldebug.o: ldebug.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h lobject.h llimits.h lcode.h \ - llex.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h ldo.h \ - lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lvm.h -ldo.o: ldo.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h \ - lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lparser.h lstring.h \ - ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h +ldebug.o: ldebug.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h lobject.h \ + ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lcode.h llex.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h ldo.h \ + lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lvm.h +ldo.o: ldo.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h \ + lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lparser.h \ + lstring.h ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h ldump.o: ldump.c lua.h luaconf.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h ltm.h \ - lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h -lfunc.o: lfunc.c lua.h luaconf.h lfunc.h lobject.h llimits.h lgc.h lmem.h \ - lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h + lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h +lfunc.o: lfunc.c lua.h luaconf.h lfunc.h lobject.h llimits.h lgc.h \ + lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lgc.o: lgc.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h \ - lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h + lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h linit.o: linit.c lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h liolib.o: liolib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h -llex.o: llex.c lua.h luaconf.h ldo.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h ltm.h \ - lzio.h lmem.h llex.h lparser.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h +llex.o: llex.c lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h ldo.h lobject.h \ + lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h llex.h lparser.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lmathlib.o: lmathlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h lmem.o: lmem.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h \ - ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h + ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h loadlib.o: loadlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h -lobject.o: lobject.c lua.h luaconf.h ldo.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h \ - ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lstring.h lgc.h lvm.h +lobject.o: lobject.c lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h ldebug.h lstate.h \ + lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h lvm.h lopcodes.o: lopcodes.c lopcodes.h llimits.h lua.h luaconf.h loslib.o: loslib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h lparser.o: lparser.c lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h llimits.h \ - lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h ldo.h \ - lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h -lstate.o: lstate.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h \ - ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h llex.h lstring.h ltable.h + lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h ldo.h lfunc.h \ + lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h +lstate.o: lstate.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h lobject.h \ + ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h llex.h lstring.h \ + ltable.h lstring.o: lstring.c lua.h luaconf.h lmem.h llimits.h lobject.h lstate.h \ - ltm.h lzio.h lstring.h lgc.h + ltm.h lzio.h lstring.h lgc.h lstrlib.o: lstrlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h ltable.o: ltable.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h \ - ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h ltable.h + ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h ltablib.o: ltablib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h ltm.o: ltm.c lua.h luaconf.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h \ - lmem.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h + lmem.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lua.o: lua.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h -luac.o: luac.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h ldo.h lobject.h llimits.h \ - lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lfunc.h lopcodes.h lstring.h lgc.h \ - lundump.h +luac.o: luac.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h \ + ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h ldebug.h lopcodes.h lundump.o: lundump.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \ - llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h lundump.h + llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h lundump.h lvm.o: lvm.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h \ - lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h + lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h lzio.o: lzio.c lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h lmem.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h \ - lzio.h -print.o: print.c ldebug.h lstate.h lua.h luaconf.h lobject.h llimits.h \ - ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lundump.h + lzio.h -# (end of Makefile) diff --git a/lua/src/lapi.c b/lua/src/lapi.c index 5d5145d2..d011431e 100644 --- a/lua/src/lapi.c +++ b/lua/src/lapi.c @@ -1,12 +1,10 @@ /* -** $Id: lapi.c,v 2.55.1.5 2008/07/04 18:41:18 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lapi.c,v 2.171.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Lua API ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ -#include -#include #include #include @@ -32,76 +30,80 @@ const char lua_ident[] = - "$Lua: " LUA_RELEASE " " LUA_COPYRIGHT " $\n" - "$Authors: " LUA_AUTHORS " $\n" - "$URL: www.lua.org $\n"; + "$LuaVersion: " LUA_COPYRIGHT " $" + "$LuaAuthors: " LUA_AUTHORS " $"; +/* value at a non-valid index */ +#define NONVALIDVALUE cast(TValue *, luaO_nilobject) -#define api_checknelems(L, n) api_check(L, (n) <= (L->top - L->base)) +/* corresponding test */ +#define isvalid(o) ((o) != luaO_nilobject) -#define api_checkvalidindex(L, i) api_check(L, (i) != luaO_nilobject) +/* test for pseudo index */ +#define ispseudo(i) ((i) <= LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) -#define api_incr_top(L) {api_check(L, L->top < L->ci->top); L->top++;} +/* test for valid but not pseudo index */ +#define isstackindex(i, o) (isvalid(o) && !ispseudo(i)) + +#define api_checkvalidindex(L, o) api_check(L, isvalid(o), "invalid index") + +#define api_checkstackindex(L, i, o) \ + api_check(L, isstackindex(i, o), "index not in the stack") - -static TValue *index2adr (lua_State *L, int idx) { +static TValue *index2addr (lua_State *L, int idx) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; if (idx > 0) { - TValue *o = L->base + (idx - 1); - api_check(L, idx <= L->ci->top - L->base); - if (o >= L->top) return cast(TValue *, luaO_nilobject); + TValue *o = ci->func + idx; + api_check(L, idx <= ci->top - (ci->func + 1), "unacceptable index"); + if (o >= L->top) return NONVALIDVALUE; else return o; } - else if (idx > LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) { - api_check(L, idx != 0 && -idx <= L->top - L->base); + else if (!ispseudo(idx)) { /* negative index */ + api_check(L, idx != 0 && -idx <= L->top - (ci->func + 1), "invalid index"); return L->top + idx; } - else switch (idx) { /* pseudo-indices */ - case LUA_REGISTRYINDEX: return registry(L); - case LUA_ENVIRONINDEX: { - Closure *func = curr_func(L); - sethvalue(L, &L->env, func->c.env); - return &L->env; - } - case LUA_GLOBALSINDEX: return gt(L); - default: { - Closure *func = curr_func(L); - idx = LUA_GLOBALSINDEX - idx; - return (idx <= func->c.nupvalues) - ? &func->c.upvalue[idx-1] - : cast(TValue *, luaO_nilobject); + else if (idx == LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) + return &G(L)->l_registry; + else { /* upvalues */ + idx = LUA_REGISTRYINDEX - idx; + api_check(L, idx <= MAXUPVAL + 1, "upvalue index too large"); + if (ttislcf(ci->func)) /* light C function? */ + return NONVALIDVALUE; /* it has no upvalues */ + else { + CClosure *func = clCvalue(ci->func); + return (idx <= func->nupvalues) ? &func->upvalue[idx-1] : NONVALIDVALUE; } } } -static Table *getcurrenv (lua_State *L) { - if (L->ci == L->base_ci) /* no enclosing function? */ - return hvalue(gt(L)); /* use global table as environment */ - else { - Closure *func = curr_func(L); - return func->c.env; - } -} - - -void luaA_pushobject (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) { - setobj2s(L, L->top, o); - api_incr_top(L); +/* +** to be called by 'lua_checkstack' in protected mode, to grow stack +** capturing memory errors +*/ +static void growstack (lua_State *L, void *ud) { + int size = *(int *)ud; + luaD_growstack(L, size); } LUA_API int lua_checkstack (lua_State *L, int size) { - int res = 1; + int res; + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; lua_lock(L); - if (size > LUAI_MAXCSTACK || (L->top - L->base + size) > LUAI_MAXCSTACK) - res = 0; /* stack overflow */ - else if (size > 0) { - luaD_checkstack(L, size); - if (L->ci->top < L->top + size) - L->ci->top = L->top + size; + if (L->stack_last - L->top > size) /* stack large enough? */ + res = 1; /* yes; check is OK */ + else { /* no; need to grow stack */ + int inuse = cast_int(L->top - L->stack) + EXTRA_STACK; + if (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK - size) /* can grow without overflow? */ + res = 0; /* no */ + else /* try to grow stack */ + res = (luaD_rawrunprotected(L, &growstack, &size) == LUA_OK); } + if (res && ci->top < L->top + size) + ci->top = L->top + size; /* adjust frame top */ lua_unlock(L); return res; } @@ -112,8 +114,8 @@ LUA_API void lua_xmove (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n) { if (from == to) return; lua_lock(to); api_checknelems(from, n); - api_check(from, G(from) == G(to)); - api_check(from, to->ci->top - to->top >= n); + api_check(from, G(from) == G(to), "moving among independent states"); + api_check(from, to->ci->top - to->top >= n, "not enough elements to move"); from->top -= n; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { setobj2s(to, to->top++, from->top + i); @@ -122,11 +124,6 @@ LUA_API void lua_xmove (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n) { } -LUA_API void lua_setlevel (lua_State *from, lua_State *to) { - to->nCcalls = from->nCcalls; -} - - LUA_API lua_CFunction lua_atpanic (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction panicf) { lua_CFunction old; lua_lock(L); @@ -137,16 +134,10 @@ LUA_API lua_CFunction lua_atpanic (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction panicf) { } -LUA_API lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L) { - lua_State *L1; - lua_lock(L); - luaC_checkGC(L); - L1 = luaE_newthread(L); - setthvalue(L, L->top, L1); - api_incr_top(L); - lua_unlock(L); - luai_userstatethread(L, L1); - return L1; +LUA_API const lua_Number *lua_version (lua_State *L) { + static const lua_Number version = LUA_VERSION_NUM; + if (L == NULL) return &version; + else return G(L)->version; } @@ -156,21 +147,32 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L) { */ +/* +** convert an acceptable stack index into an absolute index +*/ +LUA_API int lua_absindex (lua_State *L, int idx) { + return (idx > 0 || ispseudo(idx)) + ? idx + : cast_int(L->top - L->ci->func + idx); +} + + LUA_API int lua_gettop (lua_State *L) { - return cast_int(L->top - L->base); + return cast_int(L->top - (L->ci->func + 1)); } LUA_API void lua_settop (lua_State *L, int idx) { + StkId func = L->ci->func; lua_lock(L); if (idx >= 0) { - api_check(L, idx <= L->stack_last - L->base); - while (L->top < L->base + idx) + api_check(L, idx <= L->stack_last - (func + 1), "new top too large"); + while (L->top < (func + 1) + idx) setnilvalue(L->top++); - L->top = L->base + idx; + L->top = (func + 1) + idx; } else { - api_check(L, -(idx+1) <= (L->top - L->base)); + api_check(L, -(idx+1) <= (L->top - (func + 1)), "invalid new top"); L->top += idx+1; /* `subtract' index (index is negative) */ } lua_unlock(L); @@ -180,8 +182,8 @@ LUA_API void lua_settop (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUA_API void lua_remove (lua_State *L, int idx) { StkId p; lua_lock(L); - p = index2adr(L, idx); - api_checkvalidindex(L, p); + p = index2addr(L, idx); + api_checkstackindex(L, idx, p); while (++p < L->top) setobjs2s(L, p-1, p); L->top--; lua_unlock(L); @@ -192,42 +194,47 @@ LUA_API void lua_insert (lua_State *L, int idx) { StkId p; StkId q; lua_lock(L); - p = index2adr(L, idx); - api_checkvalidindex(L, p); - for (q = L->top; q>p; q--) setobjs2s(L, q, q-1); + p = index2addr(L, idx); + api_checkstackindex(L, idx, p); + for (q = L->top; q > p; q--) /* use L->top as a temporary */ + setobjs2s(L, q, q - 1); setobjs2s(L, p, L->top); lua_unlock(L); } +static void moveto (lua_State *L, TValue *fr, int idx) { + TValue *to = index2addr(L, idx); + api_checkvalidindex(L, to); + setobj(L, to, fr); + if (idx < LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) /* function upvalue? */ + luaC_barrier(L, clCvalue(L->ci->func), fr); + /* LUA_REGISTRYINDEX does not need gc barrier + (collector revisits it before finishing collection) */ +} + + LUA_API void lua_replace (lua_State *L, int idx) { - StkId o; lua_lock(L); - /* explicit test for incompatible code */ - if (idx == LUA_ENVIRONINDEX && L->ci == L->base_ci) - luaG_runerror(L, "no calling environment"); api_checknelems(L, 1); - o = index2adr(L, idx); - api_checkvalidindex(L, o); - if (idx == LUA_ENVIRONINDEX) { - Closure *func = curr_func(L); - api_check(L, ttistable(L->top - 1)); - func->c.env = hvalue(L->top - 1); - luaC_barrier(L, func, L->top - 1); - } - else { - setobj(L, o, L->top - 1); - if (idx < LUA_GLOBALSINDEX) /* function upvalue? */ - luaC_barrier(L, curr_func(L), L->top - 1); - } + moveto(L, L->top - 1, idx); L->top--; lua_unlock(L); } +LUA_API void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx) { + TValue *fr; + lua_lock(L); + fr = index2addr(L, fromidx); + moveto(L, fr, toidx); + lua_unlock(L); +} + + LUA_API void lua_pushvalue (lua_State *L, int idx) { lua_lock(L); - setobj2s(L, L->top, index2adr(L, idx)); + setobj2s(L, L->top, index2addr(L, idx)); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -240,26 +247,26 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushvalue (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUA_API int lua_type (lua_State *L, int idx) { - StkId o = index2adr(L, idx); - return (o == luaO_nilobject) ? LUA_TNONE : ttype(o); + StkId o = index2addr(L, idx); + return (isvalid(o) ? ttypenv(o) : LUA_TNONE); } LUA_API const char *lua_typename (lua_State *L, int t) { UNUSED(L); - return (t == LUA_TNONE) ? "no value" : luaT_typenames[t]; + return ttypename(t); } LUA_API int lua_iscfunction (lua_State *L, int idx) { - StkId o = index2adr(L, idx); - return iscfunction(o); + StkId o = index2addr(L, idx); + return (ttislcf(o) || (ttisCclosure(o))); } LUA_API int lua_isnumber (lua_State *L, int idx) { TValue n; - const TValue *o = index2adr(L, idx); + const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx); return tonumber(o, &n); } @@ -271,77 +278,116 @@ LUA_API int lua_isstring (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUA_API int lua_isuserdata (lua_State *L, int idx) { - const TValue *o = index2adr(L, idx); + const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx); return (ttisuserdata(o) || ttislightuserdata(o)); } LUA_API int lua_rawequal (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2) { - StkId o1 = index2adr(L, index1); - StkId o2 = index2adr(L, index2); - return (o1 == luaO_nilobject || o2 == luaO_nilobject) ? 0 - : luaO_rawequalObj(o1, o2); + StkId o1 = index2addr(L, index1); + StkId o2 = index2addr(L, index2); + return (isvalid(o1) && isvalid(o2)) ? luaV_rawequalobj(o1, o2) : 0; } -LUA_API int lua_equal (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2) { - StkId o1, o2; - int i; - lua_lock(L); /* may call tag method */ - o1 = index2adr(L, index1); - o2 = index2adr(L, index2); - i = (o1 == luaO_nilobject || o2 == luaO_nilobject) ? 0 : equalobj(L, o1, o2); - lua_unlock(L); - return i; -} - - -LUA_API int lua_lessthan (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2) { - StkId o1, o2; - int i; - lua_lock(L); /* may call tag method */ - o1 = index2adr(L, index1); - o2 = index2adr(L, index2); - i = (o1 == luaO_nilobject || o2 == luaO_nilobject) ? 0 - : luaV_lessthan(L, o1, o2); - lua_unlock(L); - return i; -} - - - -LUA_API lua_Number lua_tonumber (lua_State *L, int idx) { - TValue n; - const TValue *o = index2adr(L, idx); - if (tonumber(o, &n)) - return nvalue(o); +LUA_API void lua_arith (lua_State *L, int op) { + StkId o1; /* 1st operand */ + StkId o2; /* 2nd operand */ + lua_lock(L); + if (op != LUA_OPUNM) /* all other operations expect two operands */ + api_checknelems(L, 2); + else { /* for unary minus, add fake 2nd operand */ + api_checknelems(L, 1); + setobjs2s(L, L->top, L->top - 1); + L->top++; + } + o1 = L->top - 2; + o2 = L->top - 1; + if (ttisnumber(o1) && ttisnumber(o2)) { + setnvalue(o1, luaO_arith(op, nvalue(o1), nvalue(o2))); + } else - return 0; + luaV_arith(L, o1, o1, o2, cast(TMS, op - LUA_OPADD + TM_ADD)); + L->top--; + lua_unlock(L); } -LUA_API lua_Integer lua_tointeger (lua_State *L, int idx) { +LUA_API int lua_compare (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2, int op) { + StkId o1, o2; + int i = 0; + lua_lock(L); /* may call tag method */ + o1 = index2addr(L, index1); + o2 = index2addr(L, index2); + if (isvalid(o1) && isvalid(o2)) { + switch (op) { + case LUA_OPEQ: i = equalobj(L, o1, o2); break; + case LUA_OPLT: i = luaV_lessthan(L, o1, o2); break; + case LUA_OPLE: i = luaV_lessequal(L, o1, o2); break; + default: api_check(L, 0, "invalid option"); + } + } + lua_unlock(L); + return i; +} + + +LUA_API lua_Number lua_tonumberx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum) { TValue n; - const TValue *o = index2adr(L, idx); + const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx); + if (tonumber(o, &n)) { + if (isnum) *isnum = 1; + return nvalue(o); + } + else { + if (isnum) *isnum = 0; + return 0; + } +} + + +LUA_API lua_Integer lua_tointegerx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum) { + TValue n; + const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx); if (tonumber(o, &n)) { lua_Integer res; lua_Number num = nvalue(o); lua_number2integer(res, num); + if (isnum) *isnum = 1; return res; } - else + else { + if (isnum) *isnum = 0; return 0; + } +} + + +LUA_API lua_Unsigned lua_tounsignedx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum) { + TValue n; + const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx); + if (tonumber(o, &n)) { + lua_Unsigned res; + lua_Number num = nvalue(o); + lua_number2unsigned(res, num); + if (isnum) *isnum = 1; + return res; + } + else { + if (isnum) *isnum = 0; + return 0; + } } LUA_API int lua_toboolean (lua_State *L, int idx) { - const TValue *o = index2adr(L, idx); + const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx); return !l_isfalse(o); } LUA_API const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) { - StkId o = index2adr(L, idx); + StkId o = index2addr(L, idx); if (!ttisstring(o)) { lua_lock(L); /* `luaV_tostring' may create a new string */ if (!luaV_tostring(L, o)) { /* conversion failed? */ @@ -350,7 +396,7 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) { return NULL; } luaC_checkGC(L); - o = index2adr(L, idx); /* previous call may reallocate the stack */ + o = index2addr(L, idx); /* previous call may reallocate the stack */ lua_unlock(L); } if (len != NULL) *len = tsvalue(o)->len; @@ -358,33 +404,29 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) { } -LUA_API size_t lua_objlen (lua_State *L, int idx) { - StkId o = index2adr(L, idx); - switch (ttype(o)) { +LUA_API size_t lua_rawlen (lua_State *L, int idx) { + StkId o = index2addr(L, idx); + switch (ttypenv(o)) { case LUA_TSTRING: return tsvalue(o)->len; case LUA_TUSERDATA: return uvalue(o)->len; case LUA_TTABLE: return luaH_getn(hvalue(o)); - case LUA_TNUMBER: { - size_t l; - lua_lock(L); /* `luaV_tostring' may create a new string */ - l = (luaV_tostring(L, o) ? tsvalue(o)->len : 0); - lua_unlock(L); - return l; - } default: return 0; } } LUA_API lua_CFunction lua_tocfunction (lua_State *L, int idx) { - StkId o = index2adr(L, idx); - return (!iscfunction(o)) ? NULL : clvalue(o)->c.f; + StkId o = index2addr(L, idx); + if (ttislcf(o)) return fvalue(o); + else if (ttisCclosure(o)) + return clCvalue(o)->f; + else return NULL; /* not a C function */ } LUA_API void *lua_touserdata (lua_State *L, int idx) { - StkId o = index2adr(L, idx); - switch (ttype(o)) { + StkId o = index2addr(L, idx); + switch (ttypenv(o)) { case LUA_TUSERDATA: return (rawuvalue(o) + 1); case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(o); default: return NULL; @@ -393,16 +435,18 @@ LUA_API void *lua_touserdata (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUA_API lua_State *lua_tothread (lua_State *L, int idx) { - StkId o = index2adr(L, idx); + StkId o = index2addr(L, idx); return (!ttisthread(o)) ? NULL : thvalue(o); } LUA_API const void *lua_topointer (lua_State *L, int idx) { - StkId o = index2adr(L, idx); + StkId o = index2addr(L, idx); switch (ttype(o)) { case LUA_TTABLE: return hvalue(o); - case LUA_TFUNCTION: return clvalue(o); + case LUA_TLCL: return clLvalue(o); + case LUA_TCCL: return clCvalue(o); + case LUA_TLCF: return cast(void *, cast(size_t, fvalue(o))); case LUA_TTHREAD: return thvalue(o); case LUA_TUSERDATA: case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: @@ -429,6 +473,8 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushnil (lua_State *L) { LUA_API void lua_pushnumber (lua_State *L, lua_Number n) { lua_lock(L); setnvalue(L->top, n); + luai_checknum(L, L->top, + luaG_runerror(L, "C API - attempt to push a signaling NaN")); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -442,20 +488,43 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushinteger (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n) { } -LUA_API void lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len) { +LUA_API void lua_pushunsigned (lua_State *L, lua_Unsigned u) { + lua_Number n; lua_lock(L); - luaC_checkGC(L); - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_newlstr(L, s, len)); + n = lua_unsigned2number(u); + setnvalue(L->top, n); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } -LUA_API void lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s) { - if (s == NULL) +LUA_API const char *lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len) { + TString *ts; + lua_lock(L); + luaC_checkGC(L); + ts = luaS_newlstr(L, s, len); + setsvalue2s(L, L->top, ts); + api_incr_top(L); + lua_unlock(L); + return getstr(ts); +} + + +LUA_API const char *lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s) { + if (s == NULL) { lua_pushnil(L); - else - lua_pushlstring(L, s, strlen(s)); + return NULL; + } + else { + TString *ts; + lua_lock(L); + luaC_checkGC(L); + ts = luaS_new(L, s); + setsvalue2s(L, L->top, ts); + api_incr_top(L); + lua_unlock(L); + return getstr(ts); + } } @@ -484,17 +553,22 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) { LUA_API void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n) { - Closure *cl; lua_lock(L); - luaC_checkGC(L); - api_checknelems(L, n); - cl = luaF_newCclosure(L, n, getcurrenv(L)); - cl->c.f = fn; - L->top -= n; - while (n--) - setobj2n(L, &cl->c.upvalue[n], L->top+n); - setclvalue(L, L->top, cl); - lua_assert(iswhite(obj2gco(cl))); + if (n == 0) { + setfvalue(L->top, fn); + } + else { + Closure *cl; + api_checknelems(L, n); + api_check(L, n <= MAXUPVAL, "upvalue index too large"); + luaC_checkGC(L); + cl = luaF_newCclosure(L, n); + cl->c.f = fn; + L->top -= n; + while (n--) + setobj2n(L, &cl->c.upvalue[n], L->top + n); + setclCvalue(L, L->top, cl); + } api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -531,11 +605,21 @@ LUA_API int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L) { */ +LUA_API void lua_getglobal (lua_State *L, const char *var) { + Table *reg = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry); + const TValue *gt; /* global table */ + lua_lock(L); + gt = luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS); + setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, luaS_new(L, var)); + luaV_gettable(L, gt, L->top - 1, L->top - 1); + lua_unlock(L); +} + + LUA_API void lua_gettable (lua_State *L, int idx) { StkId t; lua_lock(L); - t = index2adr(L, idx); - api_checkvalidindex(L, t); + t = index2addr(L, idx); luaV_gettable(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -543,13 +627,11 @@ LUA_API void lua_gettable (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUA_API void lua_getfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) { StkId t; - TValue key; lua_lock(L); - t = index2adr(L, idx); - api_checkvalidindex(L, t); - setsvalue(L, &key, luaS_new(L, k)); - luaV_gettable(L, t, &key, L->top); + t = index2addr(L, idx); + setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_new(L, k)); api_incr_top(L); + luaV_gettable(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -557,29 +639,46 @@ LUA_API void lua_getfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) { LUA_API void lua_rawget (lua_State *L, int idx) { StkId t; lua_lock(L); - t = index2adr(L, idx); - api_check(L, ttistable(t)); + t = index2addr(L, idx); + api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected"); setobj2s(L, L->top - 1, luaH_get(hvalue(t), L->top - 1)); lua_unlock(L); } LUA_API void lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) { - StkId o; + StkId t; lua_lock(L); - o = index2adr(L, idx); - api_check(L, ttistable(o)); - setobj2s(L, L->top, luaH_getnum(hvalue(o), n)); + t = index2addr(L, idx); + api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected"); + setobj2s(L, L->top, luaH_getint(hvalue(t), n)); + api_incr_top(L); + lua_unlock(L); +} + + +LUA_API void lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) { + StkId t; + TValue k; + lua_lock(L); + t = index2addr(L, idx); + api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected"); + setpvalue(&k, cast(void *, p)); + setobj2s(L, L->top, luaH_get(hvalue(t), &k)); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } LUA_API void lua_createtable (lua_State *L, int narray, int nrec) { + Table *t; lua_lock(L); luaC_checkGC(L); - sethvalue(L, L->top, luaH_new(L, narray, nrec)); + t = luaH_new(L); + sethvalue(L, L->top, t); api_incr_top(L); + if (narray > 0 || nrec > 0) + luaH_resize(L, t, narray, nrec); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -589,8 +688,8 @@ LUA_API int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) { Table *mt = NULL; int res; lua_lock(L); - obj = index2adr(L, objindex); - switch (ttype(obj)) { + obj = index2addr(L, objindex); + switch (ttypenv(obj)) { case LUA_TTABLE: mt = hvalue(obj)->metatable; break; @@ -598,7 +697,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) { mt = uvalue(obj)->metatable; break; default: - mt = G(L)->mt[ttype(obj)]; + mt = G(L)->mt[ttypenv(obj)]; break; } if (mt == NULL) @@ -613,25 +712,15 @@ LUA_API int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) { } -LUA_API void lua_getfenv (lua_State *L, int idx) { +LUA_API void lua_getuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx) { StkId o; lua_lock(L); - o = index2adr(L, idx); - api_checkvalidindex(L, o); - switch (ttype(o)) { - case LUA_TFUNCTION: - sethvalue(L, L->top, clvalue(o)->c.env); - break; - case LUA_TUSERDATA: - sethvalue(L, L->top, uvalue(o)->env); - break; - case LUA_TTHREAD: - setobj2s(L, L->top, gt(thvalue(o))); - break; - default: - setnilvalue(L->top); - break; - } + o = index2addr(L, idx); + api_check(L, ttisuserdata(o), "userdata expected"); + if (uvalue(o)->env) { + sethvalue(L, L->top, uvalue(o)->env); + } else + setnilvalue(L->top); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -642,12 +731,24 @@ LUA_API void lua_getfenv (lua_State *L, int idx) { */ +LUA_API void lua_setglobal (lua_State *L, const char *var) { + Table *reg = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry); + const TValue *gt; /* global table */ + lua_lock(L); + api_checknelems(L, 1); + gt = luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS); + setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, luaS_new(L, var)); + luaV_settable(L, gt, L->top - 1, L->top - 2); + L->top -= 2; /* pop value and key */ + lua_unlock(L); +} + + LUA_API void lua_settable (lua_State *L, int idx) { StkId t; lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 2); - t = index2adr(L, idx); - api_checkvalidindex(L, t); + t = index2addr(L, idx); luaV_settable(L, t, L->top - 2, L->top - 1); L->top -= 2; /* pop index and value */ lua_unlock(L); @@ -656,14 +757,12 @@ LUA_API void lua_settable (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUA_API void lua_setfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) { StkId t; - TValue key; lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); - t = index2adr(L, idx); - api_checkvalidindex(L, t); - setsvalue(L, &key, luaS_new(L, k)); - luaV_settable(L, t, &key, L->top - 1); - L->top--; /* pop value */ + t = index2addr(L, idx); + setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, luaS_new(L, k)); + luaV_settable(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 2); + L->top -= 2; /* pop value and key */ lua_unlock(L); } @@ -672,23 +771,39 @@ LUA_API void lua_rawset (lua_State *L, int idx) { StkId t; lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 2); - t = index2adr(L, idx); - api_check(L, ttistable(t)); + t = index2addr(L, idx); + api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected"); setobj2t(L, luaH_set(L, hvalue(t), L->top-2), L->top-1); - luaC_barriert(L, hvalue(t), L->top-1); + invalidateTMcache(hvalue(t)); + luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), L->top-1); L->top -= 2; lua_unlock(L); } LUA_API void lua_rawseti (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) { - StkId o; + StkId t; lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); - o = index2adr(L, idx); - api_check(L, ttistable(o)); - setobj2t(L, luaH_setnum(L, hvalue(o), n), L->top-1); - luaC_barriert(L, hvalue(o), L->top-1); + t = index2addr(L, idx); + api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected"); + luaH_setint(L, hvalue(t), n, L->top - 1); + luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), L->top-1); + L->top--; + lua_unlock(L); +} + + +LUA_API void lua_rawsetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) { + StkId t; + TValue k; + lua_lock(L); + api_checknelems(L, 1); + t = index2addr(L, idx); + api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected"); + setpvalue(&k, cast(void *, p)); + setobj2t(L, luaH_set(L, hvalue(t), &k), L->top - 1); + luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), L->top - 1); L->top--; lua_unlock(L); } @@ -699,29 +814,32 @@ LUA_API int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) { Table *mt; lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); - obj = index2adr(L, objindex); - api_checkvalidindex(L, obj); + obj = index2addr(L, objindex); if (ttisnil(L->top - 1)) mt = NULL; else { - api_check(L, ttistable(L->top - 1)); + api_check(L, ttistable(L->top - 1), "table expected"); mt = hvalue(L->top - 1); } - switch (ttype(obj)) { + switch (ttypenv(obj)) { case LUA_TTABLE: { hvalue(obj)->metatable = mt; - if (mt) - luaC_objbarriert(L, hvalue(obj), mt); + if (mt) { + luaC_objbarrierback(L, gcvalue(obj), mt); + luaC_checkfinalizer(L, gcvalue(obj), mt); + } break; } case LUA_TUSERDATA: { uvalue(obj)->metatable = mt; - if (mt) + if (mt) { luaC_objbarrier(L, rawuvalue(obj), mt); + luaC_checkfinalizer(L, gcvalue(obj), mt); + } break; } default: { - G(L)->mt[ttype(obj)] = mt; + G(L)->mt[ttypenv(obj)] = mt; break; } } @@ -731,32 +849,21 @@ LUA_API int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) { } -LUA_API int lua_setfenv (lua_State *L, int idx) { +LUA_API void lua_setuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx) { StkId o; - int res = 1; lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); - o = index2adr(L, idx); - api_checkvalidindex(L, o); - api_check(L, ttistable(L->top - 1)); - switch (ttype(o)) { - case LUA_TFUNCTION: - clvalue(o)->c.env = hvalue(L->top - 1); - break; - case LUA_TUSERDATA: - uvalue(o)->env = hvalue(L->top - 1); - break; - case LUA_TTHREAD: - sethvalue(L, gt(thvalue(o)), hvalue(L->top - 1)); - break; - default: - res = 0; - break; + o = index2addr(L, idx); + api_check(L, ttisuserdata(o), "userdata expected"); + if (ttisnil(L->top - 1)) + uvalue(o)->env = NULL; + else { + api_check(L, ttistable(L->top - 1), "table expected"); + uvalue(o)->env = hvalue(L->top - 1); + luaC_objbarrier(L, gcvalue(o), hvalue(L->top - 1)); } - if (res) luaC_objbarrier(L, gcvalue(o), hvalue(L->top - 1)); L->top--; lua_unlock(L); - return res; } @@ -765,21 +872,37 @@ LUA_API int lua_setfenv (lua_State *L, int idx) { */ -#define adjustresults(L,nres) \ - { if (nres == LUA_MULTRET && L->top >= L->ci->top) L->ci->top = L->top; } - - #define checkresults(L,na,nr) \ - api_check(L, (nr) == LUA_MULTRET || (L->ci->top - L->top >= (nr) - (na))) - + api_check(L, (nr) == LUA_MULTRET || (L->ci->top - L->top >= (nr) - (na)), \ + "results from function overflow current stack size") -LUA_API void lua_call (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults) { + +LUA_API int lua_getctx (lua_State *L, int *ctx) { + if (L->ci->callstatus & CIST_YIELDED) { + if (ctx) *ctx = L->ci->u.c.ctx; + return L->ci->u.c.status; + } + else return LUA_OK; +} + + +LUA_API void lua_callk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int ctx, + lua_CFunction k) { StkId func; lua_lock(L); + api_check(L, k == NULL || !isLua(L->ci), + "cannot use continuations inside hooks"); api_checknelems(L, nargs+1); + api_check(L, L->status == LUA_OK, "cannot do calls on non-normal thread"); checkresults(L, nargs, nresults); func = L->top - (nargs+1); - luaD_call(L, func, nresults); + if (k != NULL && L->nny == 0) { /* need to prepare continuation? */ + L->ci->u.c.k = k; /* save continuation */ + L->ci->u.c.ctx = ctx; /* save context */ + luaD_call(L, func, nresults, 1); /* do the call */ + } + else /* no continuation or no yieldable */ + luaD_call(L, func, nresults, 0); /* just do the call */ adjustresults(L, nresults); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -797,76 +920,75 @@ struct CallS { /* data to `f_call' */ static void f_call (lua_State *L, void *ud) { struct CallS *c = cast(struct CallS *, ud); - luaD_call(L, c->func, c->nresults); + luaD_call(L, c->func, c->nresults, 0); } -LUA_API int lua_pcall (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc) { +LUA_API int lua_pcallk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc, + int ctx, lua_CFunction k) { struct CallS c; int status; ptrdiff_t func; lua_lock(L); + api_check(L, k == NULL || !isLua(L->ci), + "cannot use continuations inside hooks"); api_checknelems(L, nargs+1); + api_check(L, L->status == LUA_OK, "cannot do calls on non-normal thread"); checkresults(L, nargs, nresults); if (errfunc == 0) func = 0; else { - StkId o = index2adr(L, errfunc); - api_checkvalidindex(L, o); + StkId o = index2addr(L, errfunc); + api_checkstackindex(L, errfunc, o); func = savestack(L, o); } c.func = L->top - (nargs+1); /* function to be called */ - c.nresults = nresults; - status = luaD_pcall(L, f_call, &c, savestack(L, c.func), func); + if (k == NULL || L->nny > 0) { /* no continuation or no yieldable? */ + c.nresults = nresults; /* do a 'conventional' protected call */ + status = luaD_pcall(L, f_call, &c, savestack(L, c.func), func); + } + else { /* prepare continuation (call is already protected by 'resume') */ + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + ci->u.c.k = k; /* save continuation */ + ci->u.c.ctx = ctx; /* save context */ + /* save information for error recovery */ + ci->extra = savestack(L, c.func); + ci->u.c.old_allowhook = L->allowhook; + ci->u.c.old_errfunc = L->errfunc; + L->errfunc = func; + /* mark that function may do error recovery */ + ci->callstatus |= CIST_YPCALL; + luaD_call(L, c.func, nresults, 1); /* do the call */ + ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL; + L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc; + status = LUA_OK; /* if it is here, there were no errors */ + } adjustresults(L, nresults); lua_unlock(L); return status; } -/* -** Execute a protected C call. -*/ -struct CCallS { /* data to `f_Ccall' */ - lua_CFunction func; - void *ud; -}; - - -static void f_Ccall (lua_State *L, void *ud) { - struct CCallS *c = cast(struct CCallS *, ud); - Closure *cl; - cl = luaF_newCclosure(L, 0, getcurrenv(L)); - cl->c.f = c->func; - setclvalue(L, L->top, cl); /* push function */ - api_incr_top(L); - setpvalue(L->top, c->ud); /* push only argument */ - api_incr_top(L); - luaD_call(L, L->top - 2, 0); -} - - -LUA_API int lua_cpcall (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction func, void *ud) { - struct CCallS c; - int status; - lua_lock(L); - c.func = func; - c.ud = ud; - status = luaD_pcall(L, f_Ccall, &c, savestack(L, L->top), 0); - lua_unlock(L); - return status; -} - - LUA_API int lua_load (lua_State *L, lua_Reader reader, void *data, - const char *chunkname) { + const char *chunkname, const char *mode) { ZIO z; int status; lua_lock(L); if (!chunkname) chunkname = "?"; luaZ_init(L, &z, reader, data); - status = luaD_protectedparser(L, &z, chunkname); + status = luaD_protectedparser(L, &z, chunkname, mode); + if (status == LUA_OK) { /* no errors? */ + LClosure *f = clLvalue(L->top - 1); /* get newly created function */ + if (f->nupvalues == 1) { /* does it have one upvalue? */ + /* get global table from registry */ + Table *reg = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry); + const TValue *gt = luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS); + /* set global table as 1st upvalue of 'f' (may be LUA_ENV) */ + setobj(L, f->upvals[0]->v, gt); + luaC_barrier(L, f->upvals[0], gt); + } + } lua_unlock(L); return status; } @@ -879,7 +1001,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_dump (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data) { api_checknelems(L, 1); o = L->top - 1; if (isLfunction(o)) - status = luaU_dump(L, clvalue(o)->l.p, writer, data, 0); + status = luaU_dump(L, getproto(o), writer, data, 0); else status = 1; lua_unlock(L); @@ -887,7 +1009,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_dump (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data) { } -LUA_API int lua_status (lua_State *L) { +LUA_API int lua_status (lua_State *L) { return L->status; } @@ -903,38 +1025,40 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, int data) { g = G(L); switch (what) { case LUA_GCSTOP: { - g->GCthreshold = MAX_LUMEM; + g->gcrunning = 0; break; } case LUA_GCRESTART: { - g->GCthreshold = g->totalbytes; + luaE_setdebt(g, 0); + g->gcrunning = 1; break; } case LUA_GCCOLLECT: { - luaC_fullgc(L); + luaC_fullgc(L, 0); break; } case LUA_GCCOUNT: { /* GC values are expressed in Kbytes: #bytes/2^10 */ - res = cast_int(g->totalbytes >> 10); + res = cast_int(gettotalbytes(g) >> 10); break; } case LUA_GCCOUNTB: { - res = cast_int(g->totalbytes & 0x3ff); + res = cast_int(gettotalbytes(g) & 0x3ff); break; } case LUA_GCSTEP: { - lu_mem a = (cast(lu_mem, data) << 10); - if (a <= g->totalbytes) - g->GCthreshold = g->totalbytes - a; - else - g->GCthreshold = 0; - while (g->GCthreshold <= g->totalbytes) { - luaC_step(L); - if (g->gcstate == GCSpause) { /* end of cycle? */ - res = 1; /* signal it */ - break; - } + if (g->gckind == KGC_GEN) { /* generational mode? */ + res = (g->GCestimate == 0); /* true if it will do major collection */ + luaC_forcestep(L); /* do a single step */ + } + else { + lu_mem debt = cast(lu_mem, data) * 1024 - GCSTEPSIZE; + if (g->gcrunning) + debt += g->GCdebt; /* include current debt */ + luaE_setdebt(g, debt); + luaC_forcestep(L); + if (g->gcstate == GCSpause) /* end of cycle? */ + res = 1; /* signal it */ } break; } @@ -943,11 +1067,28 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, int data) { g->gcpause = data; break; } + case LUA_GCSETMAJORINC: { + res = g->gcmajorinc; + g->gcmajorinc = data; + break; + } case LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL: { res = g->gcstepmul; g->gcstepmul = data; break; } + case LUA_GCISRUNNING: { + res = g->gcrunning; + break; + } + case LUA_GCGEN: { /* change collector to generational mode */ + luaC_changemode(L, KGC_GEN); + break; + } + case LUA_GCINC: { /* change collector to incremental mode */ + luaC_changemode(L, KGC_NORMAL); + break; + } default: res = -1; /* invalid option */ } lua_unlock(L); @@ -965,7 +1106,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_error (lua_State *L) { lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); luaG_errormsg(L); - lua_unlock(L); + /* code unreachable; will unlock when control actually leaves the kernel */ return 0; /* to avoid warnings */ } @@ -974,8 +1115,8 @@ LUA_API int lua_next (lua_State *L, int idx) { StkId t; int more; lua_lock(L); - t = index2adr(L, idx); - api_check(L, ttistable(t)); + t = index2addr(L, idx); + api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected"); more = luaH_next(L, hvalue(t), L->top - 1); if (more) { api_incr_top(L); @@ -992,8 +1133,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_concat (lua_State *L, int n) { api_checknelems(L, n); if (n >= 2) { luaC_checkGC(L); - luaV_concat(L, n, cast_int(L->top - L->base) - 1); - L->top -= (n-1); + luaV_concat(L, n); } else if (n == 0) { /* push empty string */ setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_newlstr(L, "", 0)); @@ -1004,6 +1144,16 @@ LUA_API void lua_concat (lua_State *L, int n) { } +LUA_API void lua_len (lua_State *L, int idx) { + StkId t; + lua_lock(L); + t = index2addr(L, idx); + luaV_objlen(L, L->top, t); + api_incr_top(L); + lua_unlock(L); +} + + LUA_API lua_Alloc lua_getallocf (lua_State *L, void **ud) { lua_Alloc f; lua_lock(L); @@ -1026,7 +1176,7 @@ LUA_API void *lua_newuserdata (lua_State *L, size_t size) { Udata *u; lua_lock(L); luaC_checkGC(L); - u = luaS_newudata(L, size, getcurrenv(L)); + u = luaS_newudata(L, size, NULL); setuvalue(L, L->top, u); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); @@ -1035,30 +1185,36 @@ LUA_API void *lua_newuserdata (lua_State *L, size_t size) { - -static const char *aux_upvalue (StkId fi, int n, TValue **val) { - Closure *f; - if (!ttisfunction(fi)) return NULL; - f = clvalue(fi); - if (f->c.isC) { - if (!(1 <= n && n <= f->c.nupvalues)) return NULL; - *val = &f->c.upvalue[n-1]; - return ""; - } - else { - Proto *p = f->l.p; - if (!(1 <= n && n <= p->sizeupvalues)) return NULL; - *val = f->l.upvals[n-1]->v; - return getstr(p->upvalues[n-1]); +static const char *aux_upvalue (StkId fi, int n, TValue **val, + GCObject **owner) { + switch (ttype(fi)) { + case LUA_TCCL: { /* C closure */ + CClosure *f = clCvalue(fi); + if (!(1 <= n && n <= f->nupvalues)) return NULL; + *val = &f->upvalue[n-1]; + if (owner) *owner = obj2gco(f); + return ""; + } + case LUA_TLCL: { /* Lua closure */ + LClosure *f = clLvalue(fi); + TString *name; + Proto *p = f->p; + if (!(1 <= n && n <= p->sizeupvalues)) return NULL; + *val = f->upvals[n-1]->v; + if (owner) *owner = obj2gco(f->upvals[n - 1]); + name = p->upvalues[n-1].name; + return (name == NULL) ? "" : getstr(name); + } + default: return NULL; /* not a closure */ } } LUA_API const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) { const char *name; - TValue *val; + TValue *val = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ lua_lock(L); - name = aux_upvalue(index2adr(L, funcindex), n, &val); + name = aux_upvalue(index2addr(L, funcindex), n, &val, NULL); if (name) { setobj2s(L, L->top, val); api_incr_top(L); @@ -1070,18 +1226,59 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) { LUA_API const char *lua_setupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) { const char *name; - TValue *val; + TValue *val = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ + GCObject *owner = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ StkId fi; lua_lock(L); - fi = index2adr(L, funcindex); + fi = index2addr(L, funcindex); api_checknelems(L, 1); - name = aux_upvalue(fi, n, &val); + name = aux_upvalue(fi, n, &val, &owner); if (name) { L->top--; setobj(L, val, L->top); - luaC_barrier(L, clvalue(fi), L->top); + luaC_barrier(L, owner, L->top); } lua_unlock(L); return name; } + +static UpVal **getupvalref (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n, LClosure **pf) { + LClosure *f; + StkId fi = index2addr(L, fidx); + api_check(L, ttisLclosure(fi), "Lua function expected"); + f = clLvalue(fi); + api_check(L, (1 <= n && n <= f->p->sizeupvalues), "invalid upvalue index"); + if (pf) *pf = f; + return &f->upvals[n - 1]; /* get its upvalue pointer */ +} + + +LUA_API void *lua_upvalueid (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n) { + StkId fi = index2addr(L, fidx); + switch (ttype(fi)) { + case LUA_TLCL: { /* lua closure */ + return *getupvalref(L, fidx, n, NULL); + } + case LUA_TCCL: { /* C closure */ + CClosure *f = clCvalue(fi); + api_check(L, 1 <= n && n <= f->nupvalues, "invalid upvalue index"); + return &f->upvalue[n - 1]; + } + default: { + api_check(L, 0, "closure expected"); + return NULL; + } + } +} + + +LUA_API void lua_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L, int fidx1, int n1, + int fidx2, int n2) { + LClosure *f1; + UpVal **up1 = getupvalref(L, fidx1, n1, &f1); + UpVal **up2 = getupvalref(L, fidx2, n2, NULL); + *up1 = *up2; + luaC_objbarrier(L, f1, *up2); +} + diff --git a/lua/src/lapi.h b/lua/src/lapi.h index 2c3fab24..c7d34ad8 100644 --- a/lua/src/lapi.h +++ b/lua/src/lapi.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lapi.h,v 2.2.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lapi.h,v 2.7.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Auxiliary functions from Lua API ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -8,9 +8,17 @@ #define lapi_h -#include "lobject.h" +#include "llimits.h" +#include "lstate.h" +#define api_incr_top(L) {L->top++; api_check(L, L->top <= L->ci->top, \ + "stack overflow");} + +#define adjustresults(L,nres) \ + { if ((nres) == LUA_MULTRET && L->ci->top < L->top) L->ci->top = L->top; } + +#define api_checknelems(L,n) api_check(L, (n) < (L->top - L->ci->func), \ + "not enough elements in the stack") -LUAI_FUNC void luaA_pushobject (lua_State *L, const TValue *o); #endif diff --git a/lua/src/lauxlib.c b/lua/src/lauxlib.c index 10f14e2c..b00f8c70 100644 --- a/lua/src/lauxlib.c +++ b/lua/src/lauxlib.c @@ -1,11 +1,10 @@ /* -** $Id: lauxlib.c,v 1.159.1.3 2008/01/21 13:20:51 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lauxlib.c,v 1.248.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ -#include #include #include #include @@ -25,12 +24,124 @@ #include "lauxlib.h" -#define FREELIST_REF 0 /* free list of references */ +/* +** {====================================================== +** Traceback +** ======================================================= +*/ -/* convert a stack index to positive */ -#define abs_index(L, i) ((i) > 0 || (i) <= LUA_REGISTRYINDEX ? (i) : \ - lua_gettop(L) + (i) + 1) +#define LEVELS1 12 /* size of the first part of the stack */ +#define LEVELS2 10 /* size of the second part of the stack */ + + + +/* +** search for 'objidx' in table at index -1. +** return 1 + string at top if find a good name. +*/ +static int findfield (lua_State *L, int objidx, int level) { + if (level == 0 || !lua_istable(L, -1)) + return 0; /* not found */ + lua_pushnil(L); /* start 'next' loop */ + while (lua_next(L, -2)) { /* for each pair in table */ + if (lua_type(L, -2) == LUA_TSTRING) { /* ignore non-string keys */ + if (lua_rawequal(L, objidx, -1)) { /* found object? */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove value (but keep name) */ + return 1; + } + else if (findfield(L, objidx, level - 1)) { /* try recursively */ + lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove table (but keep name) */ + lua_pushliteral(L, "."); + lua_insert(L, -2); /* place '.' between the two names */ + lua_concat(L, 3); + return 1; + } + } + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove value */ + } + return 0; /* not found */ +} + + +static int pushglobalfuncname (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) { + int top = lua_gettop(L); + lua_getinfo(L, "f", ar); /* push function */ + lua_pushglobaltable(L); + if (findfield(L, top + 1, 2)) { + lua_copy(L, -1, top + 1); /* move name to proper place */ + lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove pushed values */ + return 1; + } + else { + lua_settop(L, top); /* remove function and global table */ + return 0; + } +} + + +static void pushfuncname (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) { + if (*ar->namewhat != '\0') /* is there a name? */ + lua_pushfstring(L, "function " LUA_QS, ar->name); + else if (*ar->what == 'm') /* main? */ + lua_pushliteral(L, "main chunk"); + else if (*ar->what == 'C') { + if (pushglobalfuncname(L, ar)) { + lua_pushfstring(L, "function " LUA_QS, lua_tostring(L, -1)); + lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove name */ + } + else + lua_pushliteral(L, "?"); + } + else + lua_pushfstring(L, "function <%s:%d>", ar->short_src, ar->linedefined); +} + + +static int countlevels (lua_State *L) { + lua_Debug ar; + int li = 1, le = 1; + /* find an upper bound */ + while (lua_getstack(L, le, &ar)) { li = le; le *= 2; } + /* do a binary search */ + while (li < le) { + int m = (li + le)/2; + if (lua_getstack(L, m, &ar)) li = m + 1; + else le = m; + } + return le - 1; +} + + +LUALIB_API void luaL_traceback (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, + const char *msg, int level) { + lua_Debug ar; + int top = lua_gettop(L); + int numlevels = countlevels(L1); + int mark = (numlevels > LEVELS1 + LEVELS2) ? LEVELS1 : 0; + if (msg) lua_pushfstring(L, "%s\n", msg); + lua_pushliteral(L, "stack traceback:"); + while (lua_getstack(L1, level++, &ar)) { + if (level == mark) { /* too many levels? */ + lua_pushliteral(L, "\n\t..."); /* add a '...' */ + level = numlevels - LEVELS2; /* and skip to last ones */ + } + else { + lua_getinfo(L1, "Slnt", &ar); + lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\t%s:", ar.short_src); + if (ar.currentline > 0) + lua_pushfstring(L, "%d:", ar.currentline); + lua_pushliteral(L, " in "); + pushfuncname(L, &ar); + if (ar.istailcall) + lua_pushliteral(L, "\n\t(...tail calls...)"); + lua_concat(L, lua_gettop(L) - top); + } + } + lua_concat(L, lua_gettop(L) - top); +} + +/* }====================================================== */ /* @@ -39,7 +150,6 @@ ** ======================================================= */ - LUALIB_API int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *extramsg) { lua_Debug ar; if (!lua_getstack(L, 0, &ar)) /* no stack frame? */ @@ -52,13 +162,13 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *extramsg) { ar.name, extramsg); } if (ar.name == NULL) - ar.name = "?"; + ar.name = (pushglobalfuncname(L, &ar)) ? lua_tostring(L, -1) : "?"; return luaL_error(L, "bad argument #%d to " LUA_QS " (%s)", narg, ar.name, extramsg); } -LUALIB_API int luaL_typerror (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *tname) { +static int typeerror (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *tname) { const char *msg = lua_pushfstring(L, "%s expected, got %s", tname, luaL_typename(L, narg)); return luaL_argerror(L, narg, msg); @@ -66,7 +176,7 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_typerror (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *tname) { static void tag_error (lua_State *L, int narg, int tag) { - luaL_typerror(L, narg, lua_typename(L, tag)); + typeerror(L, narg, lua_typename(L, tag)); } @@ -93,9 +203,120 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_error (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) { return lua_error(L); } + +LUALIB_API int luaL_fileresult (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname) { + int en = errno; /* calls to Lua API may change this value */ + if (stat) { + lua_pushboolean(L, 1); + return 1; + } + else { + lua_pushnil(L); + if (fname) + lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %s", fname, strerror(en)); + else + lua_pushstring(L, strerror(en)); + lua_pushinteger(L, en); + return 3; + } +} + + +#if !defined(inspectstat) /* { */ + +#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) + +#include + +/* +** use appropriate macros to interpret 'pclose' return status +*/ +#define inspectstat(stat,what) \ + if (WIFEXITED(stat)) { stat = WEXITSTATUS(stat); } \ + else if (WIFSIGNALED(stat)) { stat = WTERMSIG(stat); what = "signal"; } + +#else + +#define inspectstat(stat,what) /* no op */ + +#endif + +#endif /* } */ + + +LUALIB_API int luaL_execresult (lua_State *L, int stat) { + const char *what = "exit"; /* type of termination */ + if (stat == -1) /* error? */ + return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL); + else { + inspectstat(stat, what); /* interpret result */ + if (*what == 'e' && stat == 0) /* successful termination? */ + lua_pushboolean(L, 1); + else + lua_pushnil(L); + lua_pushstring(L, what); + lua_pushinteger(L, stat); + return 3; /* return true/nil,what,code */ + } +} + /* }====================================================== */ +/* +** {====================================================== +** Userdata's metatable manipulation +** ======================================================= +*/ + +LUALIB_API int luaL_newmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname) { + luaL_getmetatable(L, tname); /* try to get metatable */ + if (!lua_isnil(L, -1)) /* name already in use? */ + return 0; /* leave previous value on top, but return 0 */ + lua_pop(L, 1); + lua_newtable(L); /* create metatable */ + lua_pushvalue(L, -1); + lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, tname); /* registry.name = metatable */ + return 1; +} + + +LUALIB_API void luaL_setmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname) { + luaL_getmetatable(L, tname); + lua_setmetatable(L, -2); +} + + +LUALIB_API void *luaL_testudata (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname) { + void *p = lua_touserdata(L, ud); + if (p != NULL) { /* value is a userdata? */ + if (lua_getmetatable(L, ud)) { /* does it have a metatable? */ + luaL_getmetatable(L, tname); /* get correct metatable */ + if (!lua_rawequal(L, -1, -2)) /* not the same? */ + p = NULL; /* value is a userdata with wrong metatable */ + lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove both metatables */ + return p; + } + } + return NULL; /* value is not a userdata with a metatable */ +} + + +LUALIB_API void *luaL_checkudata (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname) { + void *p = luaL_testudata(L, ud, tname); + if (p == NULL) typeerror(L, ud, tname); + return p; +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** Argument check functions +** ======================================================= +*/ + LUALIB_API int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *def, const char *const lst[]) { const char *name = (def) ? luaL_optstring(L, narg, def) : @@ -109,37 +330,15 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *def, } -LUALIB_API int luaL_newmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname) { - lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, tname); /* get registry.name */ - if (!lua_isnil(L, -1)) /* name already in use? */ - return 0; /* leave previous value on top, but return 0 */ - lua_pop(L, 1); - lua_newtable(L); /* create metatable */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -1); - lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, tname); /* registry.name = metatable */ - return 1; -} - - -LUALIB_API void *luaL_checkudata (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname) { - void *p = lua_touserdata(L, ud); - if (p != NULL) { /* value is a userdata? */ - if (lua_getmetatable(L, ud)) { /* does it have a metatable? */ - lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, tname); /* get correct metatable */ - if (lua_rawequal(L, -1, -2)) { /* does it have the correct mt? */ - lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove both metatables */ - return p; - } - } +LUALIB_API void luaL_checkstack (lua_State *L, int space, const char *msg) { + /* keep some extra space to run error routines, if needed */ + const int extra = LUA_MINSTACK; + if (!lua_checkstack(L, space + extra)) { + if (msg) + luaL_error(L, "stack overflow (%s)", msg); + else + luaL_error(L, "stack overflow"); } - luaL_typerror(L, ud, tname); /* else error */ - return NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ -} - - -LUALIB_API void luaL_checkstack (lua_State *L, int space, const char *mes) { - if (!lua_checkstack(L, space)) - luaL_error(L, "stack overflow (%s)", mes); } @@ -174,8 +373,9 @@ LUALIB_API const char *luaL_optlstring (lua_State *L, int narg, LUALIB_API lua_Number luaL_checknumber (lua_State *L, int narg) { - lua_Number d = lua_tonumber(L, narg); - if (d == 0 && !lua_isnumber(L, narg)) /* avoid extra test when d is not 0 */ + int isnum; + lua_Number d = lua_tonumberx(L, narg, &isnum); + if (!isnum) tag_error(L, narg, LUA_TNUMBER); return d; } @@ -187,8 +387,18 @@ LUALIB_API lua_Number luaL_optnumber (lua_State *L, int narg, lua_Number def) { LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_checkinteger (lua_State *L, int narg) { - lua_Integer d = lua_tointeger(L, narg); - if (d == 0 && !lua_isnumber(L, narg)) /* avoid extra test when d is not 0 */ + int isnum; + lua_Integer d = lua_tointegerx(L, narg, &isnum); + if (!isnum) + tag_error(L, narg, LUA_TNUMBER); + return d; +} + + +LUALIB_API lua_Unsigned luaL_checkunsigned (lua_State *L, int narg) { + int isnum; + lua_Unsigned d = lua_tounsignedx(L, narg, &isnum); + if (!isnum) tag_error(L, narg, LUA_TNUMBER); return d; } @@ -200,6 +410,292 @@ LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_optinteger (lua_State *L, int narg, } +LUALIB_API lua_Unsigned luaL_optunsigned (lua_State *L, int narg, + lua_Unsigned def) { + return luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkunsigned, narg, def); +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** Generic Buffer manipulation +** ======================================================= +*/ + +/* +** check whether buffer is using a userdata on the stack as a temporary +** buffer +*/ +#define buffonstack(B) ((B)->b != (B)->initb) + + +/* +** returns a pointer to a free area with at least 'sz' bytes +*/ +LUALIB_API char *luaL_prepbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) { + lua_State *L = B->L; + if (B->size - B->n < sz) { /* not enough space? */ + char *newbuff; + size_t newsize = B->size * 2; /* double buffer size */ + if (newsize - B->n < sz) /* not big enough? */ + newsize = B->n + sz; + if (newsize < B->n || newsize - B->n < sz) + luaL_error(L, "buffer too large"); + /* create larger buffer */ + newbuff = (char *)lua_newuserdata(L, newsize * sizeof(char)); + /* move content to new buffer */ + memcpy(newbuff, B->b, B->n * sizeof(char)); + if (buffonstack(B)) + lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove old buffer */ + B->b = newbuff; + B->size = newsize; + } + return &B->b[B->n]; +} + + +LUALIB_API void luaL_addlstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l) { + char *b = luaL_prepbuffsize(B, l); + memcpy(b, s, l * sizeof(char)); + luaL_addsize(B, l); +} + + +LUALIB_API void luaL_addstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s) { + luaL_addlstring(B, s, strlen(s)); +} + + +LUALIB_API void luaL_pushresult (luaL_Buffer *B) { + lua_State *L = B->L; + lua_pushlstring(L, B->b, B->n); + if (buffonstack(B)) + lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove old buffer */ +} + + +LUALIB_API void luaL_pushresultsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) { + luaL_addsize(B, sz); + luaL_pushresult(B); +} + + +LUALIB_API void luaL_addvalue (luaL_Buffer *B) { + lua_State *L = B->L; + size_t l; + const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &l); + if (buffonstack(B)) + lua_insert(L, -2); /* put value below buffer */ + luaL_addlstring(B, s, l); + lua_remove(L, (buffonstack(B)) ? -2 : -1); /* remove value */ +} + + +LUALIB_API void luaL_buffinit (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B) { + B->L = L; + B->b = B->initb; + B->n = 0; + B->size = LUAL_BUFFERSIZE; +} + + +LUALIB_API char *luaL_buffinitsize (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) { + luaL_buffinit(L, B); + return luaL_prepbuffsize(B, sz); +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** Reference system +** ======================================================= +*/ + +/* index of free-list header */ +#define freelist 0 + + +LUALIB_API int luaL_ref (lua_State *L, int t) { + int ref; + if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) { + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove from stack */ + return LUA_REFNIL; /* `nil' has a unique fixed reference */ + } + t = lua_absindex(L, t); + lua_rawgeti(L, t, freelist); /* get first free element */ + ref = (int)lua_tointeger(L, -1); /* ref = t[freelist] */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove it from stack */ + if (ref != 0) { /* any free element? */ + lua_rawgeti(L, t, ref); /* remove it from list */ + lua_rawseti(L, t, freelist); /* (t[freelist] = t[ref]) */ + } + else /* no free elements */ + ref = (int)lua_rawlen(L, t) + 1; /* get a new reference */ + lua_rawseti(L, t, ref); + return ref; +} + + +LUALIB_API void luaL_unref (lua_State *L, int t, int ref) { + if (ref >= 0) { + t = lua_absindex(L, t); + lua_rawgeti(L, t, freelist); + lua_rawseti(L, t, ref); /* t[ref] = t[freelist] */ + lua_pushinteger(L, ref); + lua_rawseti(L, t, freelist); /* t[freelist] = ref */ + } +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** Load functions +** ======================================================= +*/ + +typedef struct LoadF { + int n; /* number of pre-read characters */ + FILE *f; /* file being read */ + char buff[LUAL_BUFFERSIZE]; /* area for reading file */ +} LoadF; + + +static const char *getF (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) { + LoadF *lf = (LoadF *)ud; + (void)L; /* not used */ + if (lf->n > 0) { /* are there pre-read characters to be read? */ + *size = lf->n; /* return them (chars already in buffer) */ + lf->n = 0; /* no more pre-read characters */ + } + else { /* read a block from file */ + /* 'fread' can return > 0 *and* set the EOF flag. If next call to + 'getF' called 'fread', it might still wait for user input. + The next check avoids this problem. */ + if (feof(lf->f)) return NULL; + *size = fread(lf->buff, 1, sizeof(lf->buff), lf->f); /* read block */ + } + return lf->buff; +} + + +static int errfile (lua_State *L, const char *what, int fnameindex) { + const char *serr = strerror(errno); + const char *filename = lua_tostring(L, fnameindex) + 1; + lua_pushfstring(L, "cannot %s %s: %s", what, filename, serr); + lua_remove(L, fnameindex); + return LUA_ERRFILE; +} + + +static int skipBOM (LoadF *lf) { + const char *p = "\xEF\xBB\xBF"; /* Utf8 BOM mark */ + int c; + lf->n = 0; + do { + c = getc(lf->f); + if (c == EOF || c != *(const unsigned char *)p++) return c; + lf->buff[lf->n++] = c; /* to be read by the parser */ + } while (*p != '\0'); + lf->n = 0; /* prefix matched; discard it */ + return getc(lf->f); /* return next character */ +} + + +/* +** reads the first character of file 'f' and skips an optional BOM mark +** in its beginning plus its first line if it starts with '#'. Returns +** true if it skipped the first line. In any case, '*cp' has the +** first "valid" character of the file (after the optional BOM and +** a first-line comment). +*/ +static int skipcomment (LoadF *lf, int *cp) { + int c = *cp = skipBOM(lf); + if (c == '#') { /* first line is a comment (Unix exec. file)? */ + do { /* skip first line */ + c = getc(lf->f); + } while (c != EOF && c != '\n') ; + *cp = getc(lf->f); /* skip end-of-line, if present */ + return 1; /* there was a comment */ + } + else return 0; /* no comment */ +} + + +LUALIB_API int luaL_loadfilex (lua_State *L, const char *filename, + const char *mode) { + LoadF lf; + int status, readstatus; + int c; + int fnameindex = lua_gettop(L) + 1; /* index of filename on the stack */ + if (filename == NULL) { + lua_pushliteral(L, "=stdin"); + lf.f = stdin; + } + else { + lua_pushfstring(L, "@%s", filename); + lf.f = fopen(filename, "r"); + if (lf.f == NULL) return errfile(L, "open", fnameindex); + } + if (skipcomment(&lf, &c)) /* read initial portion */ + lf.buff[lf.n++] = '\n'; /* add line to correct line numbers */ + if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0] && filename) { /* binary file? */ + lf.f = freopen(filename, "rb", lf.f); /* reopen in binary mode */ + if (lf.f == NULL) return errfile(L, "reopen", fnameindex); + skipcomment(&lf, &c); /* re-read initial portion */ + } + if (c != EOF) + lf.buff[lf.n++] = c; /* 'c' is the first character of the stream */ + status = lua_load(L, getF, &lf, lua_tostring(L, -1), mode); + readstatus = ferror(lf.f); + if (filename) fclose(lf.f); /* close file (even in case of errors) */ + if (readstatus) { + lua_settop(L, fnameindex); /* ignore results from `lua_load' */ + return errfile(L, "read", fnameindex); + } + lua_remove(L, fnameindex); + return status; +} + + +typedef struct LoadS { + const char *s; + size_t size; +} LoadS; + + +static const char *getS (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) { + LoadS *ls = (LoadS *)ud; + (void)L; /* not used */ + if (ls->size == 0) return NULL; + *size = ls->size; + ls->size = 0; + return ls->s; +} + + +LUALIB_API int luaL_loadbufferx (lua_State *L, const char *buff, size_t size, + const char *name, const char *mode) { + LoadS ls; + ls.s = buff; + ls.size = size; + return lua_load(L, getS, &ls, name, mode); +} + + +LUALIB_API int luaL_loadstring (lua_State *L, const char *s) { + return luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, strlen(s), s); +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + + LUALIB_API int luaL_getmetafield (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *event) { if (!lua_getmetatable(L, obj)) /* no metatable? */ return 0; @@ -217,7 +713,7 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_getmetafield (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *event) { LUALIB_API int luaL_callmeta (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *event) { - obj = abs_index(L, obj); + obj = lua_absindex(L, obj); if (!luaL_getmetafield(L, obj, event)) /* no metafield? */ return 0; lua_pushvalue(L, obj); @@ -226,138 +722,52 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_callmeta (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *event) { } -LUALIB_API void (luaL_register) (lua_State *L, const char *libname, - const luaL_Reg *l) { - luaI_openlib(L, libname, l, 0); +LUALIB_API int luaL_len (lua_State *L, int idx) { + int l; + int isnum; + lua_len(L, idx); + l = (int)lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum); + if (!isnum) + luaL_error(L, "object length is not a number"); + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove object */ + return l; } -static int libsize (const luaL_Reg *l) { - int size = 0; - for (; l->name; l++) size++; - return size; -} - - -LUALIB_API void luaI_openlib (lua_State *L, const char *libname, - const luaL_Reg *l, int nup) { - if (libname) { - int size = libsize(l); - /* check whether lib already exists */ - luaL_findtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED", 1); - lua_getfield(L, -1, libname); /* get _LOADED[libname] */ - if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) { /* not found? */ - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove previous result */ - /* try global variable (and create one if it does not exist) */ - if (luaL_findtable(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, libname, size) != NULL) - luaL_error(L, "name conflict for module " LUA_QS, libname); - lua_pushvalue(L, -1); - lua_setfield(L, -3, libname); /* _LOADED[libname] = new table */ +LUALIB_API const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) { + if (!luaL_callmeta(L, idx, "__tostring")) { /* no metafield? */ + switch (lua_type(L, idx)) { + case LUA_TNUMBER: + case LUA_TSTRING: + lua_pushvalue(L, idx); + break; + case LUA_TBOOLEAN: + lua_pushstring(L, (lua_toboolean(L, idx) ? "true" : "false")); + break; + case LUA_TNIL: + lua_pushliteral(L, "nil"); + break; + default: + lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %p", luaL_typename(L, idx), + lua_topointer(L, idx)); + break; } - lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove _LOADED table */ - lua_insert(L, -(nup+1)); /* move library table to below upvalues */ } - for (; l->name; l++) { - int i; - for (i=0; ifunc, nup); - lua_setfield(L, -(nup+2), l->name); - } - lua_pop(L, nup); /* remove upvalues */ + return lua_tolstring(L, -1, len); } - /* ** {====================================================== -** getn-setn: size for arrays +** Compatibility with 5.1 module functions ** ======================================================= */ +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MODULE) -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_GETN) - -static int checkint (lua_State *L, int topop) { - int n = (lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TNUMBER) ? lua_tointeger(L, -1) : -1; - lua_pop(L, topop); - return n; -} - - -static void getsizes (lua_State *L) { - lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_SIZES"); - if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) { /* no `size' table? */ - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove nil */ - lua_newtable(L); /* create it */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* `size' will be its own metatable */ - lua_setmetatable(L, -2); - lua_pushliteral(L, "kv"); - lua_setfield(L, -2, "__mode"); /* metatable(N).__mode = "kv" */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -1); - lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_SIZES"); /* store in register */ - } -} - - -LUALIB_API void luaL_setn (lua_State *L, int t, int n) { - t = abs_index(L, t); - lua_pushliteral(L, "n"); - lua_rawget(L, t); - if (checkint(L, 1) >= 0) { /* is there a numeric field `n'? */ - lua_pushliteral(L, "n"); /* use it */ - lua_pushinteger(L, n); - lua_rawset(L, t); - } - else { /* use `sizes' */ - getsizes(L); - lua_pushvalue(L, t); - lua_pushinteger(L, n); - lua_rawset(L, -3); /* sizes[t] = n */ - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove `sizes' */ - } -} - - -LUALIB_API int luaL_getn (lua_State *L, int t) { - int n; - t = abs_index(L, t); - lua_pushliteral(L, "n"); /* try t.n */ - lua_rawget(L, t); - if ((n = checkint(L, 1)) >= 0) return n; - getsizes(L); /* else try sizes[t] */ - lua_pushvalue(L, t); - lua_rawget(L, -2); - if ((n = checkint(L, 2)) >= 0) return n; - return (int)lua_objlen(L, t); -} - -#endif - -/* }====================================================== */ - - - -LUALIB_API const char *luaL_gsub (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *p, - const char *r) { - const char *wild; - size_t l = strlen(p); - luaL_Buffer b; - luaL_buffinit(L, &b); - while ((wild = strstr(s, p)) != NULL) { - luaL_addlstring(&b, s, wild - s); /* push prefix */ - luaL_addstring(&b, r); /* push replacement in place of pattern */ - s = wild + l; /* continue after `p' */ - } - luaL_addstring(&b, s); /* push last suffix */ - luaL_pushresult(&b); - return lua_tostring(L, -1); -} - - -LUALIB_API const char *luaL_findtable (lua_State *L, int idx, - const char *fname, int szhint) { +static const char *luaL_findtable (lua_State *L, int idx, + const char *fname, int szhint) { const char *e; - lua_pushvalue(L, idx); + if (idx) lua_pushvalue(L, idx); do { e = strchr(fname, '.'); if (e == NULL) e = fname + strlen(fname); @@ -381,252 +791,133 @@ LUALIB_API const char *luaL_findtable (lua_State *L, int idx, } - /* -** {====================================================== -** Generic Buffer manipulation -** ======================================================= +** Count number of elements in a luaL_Reg list. */ - - -#define bufflen(B) ((B)->p - (B)->buffer) -#define bufffree(B) ((size_t)(LUAL_BUFFERSIZE - bufflen(B))) - -#define LIMIT (LUA_MINSTACK/2) - - -static int emptybuffer (luaL_Buffer *B) { - size_t l = bufflen(B); - if (l == 0) return 0; /* put nothing on stack */ - else { - lua_pushlstring(B->L, B->buffer, l); - B->p = B->buffer; - B->lvl++; - return 1; - } +static int libsize (const luaL_Reg *l) { + int size = 0; + for (; l && l->name; l++) size++; + return size; } -static void adjuststack (luaL_Buffer *B) { - if (B->lvl > 1) { - lua_State *L = B->L; - int toget = 1; /* number of levels to concat */ - size_t toplen = lua_strlen(L, -1); - do { - size_t l = lua_strlen(L, -(toget+1)); - if (B->lvl - toget + 1 >= LIMIT || toplen > l) { - toplen += l; - toget++; - } - else break; - } while (toget < B->lvl); - lua_concat(L, toget); - B->lvl = B->lvl - toget + 1; - } -} - - -LUALIB_API char *luaL_prepbuffer (luaL_Buffer *B) { - if (emptybuffer(B)) - adjuststack(B); - return B->buffer; -} - - -LUALIB_API void luaL_addlstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l) { - while (l--) - luaL_addchar(B, *s++); -} - - -LUALIB_API void luaL_addstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s) { - luaL_addlstring(B, s, strlen(s)); -} - - -LUALIB_API void luaL_pushresult (luaL_Buffer *B) { - emptybuffer(B); - lua_concat(B->L, B->lvl); - B->lvl = 1; -} - - -LUALIB_API void luaL_addvalue (luaL_Buffer *B) { - lua_State *L = B->L; - size_t vl; - const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &vl); - if (vl <= bufffree(B)) { /* fit into buffer? */ - memcpy(B->p, s, vl); /* put it there */ - B->p += vl; - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove from stack */ - } - else { - if (emptybuffer(B)) - lua_insert(L, -2); /* put buffer before new value */ - B->lvl++; /* add new value into B stack */ - adjuststack(B); - } -} - - -LUALIB_API void luaL_buffinit (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B) { - B->L = L; - B->p = B->buffer; - B->lvl = 0; -} - -/* }====================================================== */ - - -LUALIB_API int luaL_ref (lua_State *L, int t) { - int ref; - t = abs_index(L, t); - if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) { - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove from stack */ - return LUA_REFNIL; /* `nil' has a unique fixed reference */ - } - lua_rawgeti(L, t, FREELIST_REF); /* get first free element */ - ref = (int)lua_tointeger(L, -1); /* ref = t[FREELIST_REF] */ - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove it from stack */ - if (ref != 0) { /* any free element? */ - lua_rawgeti(L, t, ref); /* remove it from list */ - lua_rawseti(L, t, FREELIST_REF); /* (t[FREELIST_REF] = t[ref]) */ - } - else { /* no free elements */ - ref = (int)lua_objlen(L, t); - ref++; /* create new reference */ - } - lua_rawseti(L, t, ref); - return ref; -} - - -LUALIB_API void luaL_unref (lua_State *L, int t, int ref) { - if (ref >= 0) { - t = abs_index(L, t); - lua_rawgeti(L, t, FREELIST_REF); - lua_rawseti(L, t, ref); /* t[ref] = t[FREELIST_REF] */ - lua_pushinteger(L, ref); - lua_rawseti(L, t, FREELIST_REF); /* t[FREELIST_REF] = ref */ - } -} - - - /* -** {====================================================== -** Load functions -** ======================================================= +** Find or create a module table with a given name. The function +** first looks at the _LOADED table and, if that fails, try a +** global variable with that name. In any case, leaves on the stack +** the module table. */ - -typedef struct LoadF { - int extraline; - FILE *f; - char buff[LUAL_BUFFERSIZE]; -} LoadF; - - -static const char *getF (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) { - LoadF *lf = (LoadF *)ud; - (void)L; - if (lf->extraline) { - lf->extraline = 0; - *size = 1; - return "\n"; +LUALIB_API void luaL_pushmodule (lua_State *L, const char *modname, + int sizehint) { + luaL_findtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED", 1); /* get _LOADED table */ + lua_getfield(L, -1, modname); /* get _LOADED[modname] */ + if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) { /* not found? */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove previous result */ + /* try global variable (and create one if it does not exist) */ + lua_pushglobaltable(L); + if (luaL_findtable(L, 0, modname, sizehint) != NULL) + luaL_error(L, "name conflict for module " LUA_QS, modname); + lua_pushvalue(L, -1); + lua_setfield(L, -3, modname); /* _LOADED[modname] = new table */ } - if (feof(lf->f)) return NULL; - *size = fread(lf->buff, 1, sizeof(lf->buff), lf->f); - return (*size > 0) ? lf->buff : NULL; + lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove _LOADED table */ } -static int errfile (lua_State *L, const char *what, int fnameindex) { - const char *serr = strerror(errno); - const char *filename = lua_tostring(L, fnameindex) + 1; - lua_pushfstring(L, "cannot %s %s: %s", what, filename, serr); - lua_remove(L, fnameindex); - return LUA_ERRFILE; +LUALIB_API void luaL_openlib (lua_State *L, const char *libname, + const luaL_Reg *l, int nup) { + luaL_checkversion(L); + if (libname) { + luaL_pushmodule(L, libname, libsize(l)); /* get/create library table */ + lua_insert(L, -(nup + 1)); /* move library table to below upvalues */ + } + if (l) + luaL_setfuncs(L, l, nup); + else + lua_pop(L, nup); /* remove upvalues */ } - -LUALIB_API int luaL_loadfile (lua_State *L, const char *filename) { - LoadF lf; - int status, readstatus; - int c; - int fnameindex = lua_gettop(L) + 1; /* index of filename on the stack */ - lf.extraline = 0; - if (filename == NULL) { - lua_pushliteral(L, "=stdin"); - lf.f = stdin; - } - else { - lua_pushfstring(L, "@%s", filename); - lf.f = fopen(filename, "r"); - if (lf.f == NULL) return errfile(L, "open", fnameindex); - } - c = getc(lf.f); - if (c == '#') { /* Unix exec. file? */ - lf.extraline = 1; - while ((c = getc(lf.f)) != EOF && c != '\n') ; /* skip first line */ - if (c == '\n') c = getc(lf.f); - } - if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0] && filename) { /* binary file? */ - lf.f = freopen(filename, "rb", lf.f); /* reopen in binary mode */ - if (lf.f == NULL) return errfile(L, "reopen", fnameindex); - /* skip eventual `#!...' */ - while ((c = getc(lf.f)) != EOF && c != LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) ; - lf.extraline = 0; - } - ungetc(c, lf.f); - status = lua_load(L, getF, &lf, lua_tostring(L, -1)); - readstatus = ferror(lf.f); - if (filename) fclose(lf.f); /* close file (even in case of errors) */ - if (readstatus) { - lua_settop(L, fnameindex); /* ignore results from `lua_load' */ - return errfile(L, "read", fnameindex); - } - lua_remove(L, fnameindex); - return status; -} - - -typedef struct LoadS { - const char *s; - size_t size; -} LoadS; - - -static const char *getS (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) { - LoadS *ls = (LoadS *)ud; - (void)L; - if (ls->size == 0) return NULL; - *size = ls->size; - ls->size = 0; - return ls->s; -} - - -LUALIB_API int luaL_loadbuffer (lua_State *L, const char *buff, size_t size, - const char *name) { - LoadS ls; - ls.s = buff; - ls.size = size; - return lua_load(L, getS, &ls, name); -} - - -LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s) { - return luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, strlen(s), s); -} - - - +#endif /* }====================================================== */ +/* +** set functions from list 'l' into table at top - 'nup'; each +** function gets the 'nup' elements at the top as upvalues. +** Returns with only the table at the stack. +*/ +LUALIB_API void luaL_setfuncs (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup) { + luaL_checkversion(L); + luaL_checkstack(L, nup, "too many upvalues"); + for (; l->name != NULL; l++) { /* fill the table with given functions */ + int i; + for (i = 0; i < nup; i++) /* copy upvalues to the top */ + lua_pushvalue(L, -nup); + lua_pushcclosure(L, l->func, nup); /* closure with those upvalues */ + lua_setfield(L, -(nup + 2), l->name); + } + lua_pop(L, nup); /* remove upvalues */ +} + + +/* +** ensure that stack[idx][fname] has a table and push that table +** into the stack +*/ +LUALIB_API int luaL_getsubtable (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname) { + lua_getfield(L, idx, fname); + if (lua_istable(L, -1)) return 1; /* table already there */ + else { + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove previous result */ + idx = lua_absindex(L, idx); + lua_newtable(L); + lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* copy to be left at top */ + lua_setfield(L, idx, fname); /* assign new table to field */ + return 0; /* false, because did not find table there */ + } +} + + +/* +** stripped-down 'require'. Calls 'openf' to open a module, +** registers the result in 'package.loaded' table and, if 'glb' +** is true, also registers the result in the global table. +** Leaves resulting module on the top. +*/ +LUALIB_API void luaL_requiref (lua_State *L, const char *modname, + lua_CFunction openf, int glb) { + lua_pushcfunction(L, openf); + lua_pushstring(L, modname); /* argument to open function */ + lua_call(L, 1, 1); /* open module */ + luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED"); + lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* make copy of module (call result) */ + lua_setfield(L, -2, modname); /* _LOADED[modname] = module */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove _LOADED table */ + if (glb) { + lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* copy of 'mod' */ + lua_setglobal(L, modname); /* _G[modname] = module */ + } +} + + +LUALIB_API const char *luaL_gsub (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *p, + const char *r) { + const char *wild; + size_t l = strlen(p); + luaL_Buffer b; + luaL_buffinit(L, &b); + while ((wild = strstr(s, p)) != NULL) { + luaL_addlstring(&b, s, wild - s); /* push prefix */ + luaL_addstring(&b, r); /* push replacement in place of pattern */ + s = wild + l; /* continue after `p' */ + } + luaL_addstring(&b, s); /* push last suffix */ + luaL_pushresult(&b); + return lua_tostring(L, -1); +} + static void *l_alloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize) { - (void)ud; - (void)osize; + (void)ud; (void)osize; /* not used */ if (nsize == 0) { free(ptr); return NULL; @@ -637,10 +928,9 @@ static void *l_alloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize) { static int panic (lua_State *L) { - (void)L; /* to avoid warnings */ - fprintf(stderr, "PANIC: unprotected error in call to Lua API (%s)\n", + luai_writestringerror("PANIC: unprotected error in call to Lua API (%s)\n", lua_tostring(L, -1)); - return 0; + return 0; /* return to Lua to abort */ } @@ -650,3 +940,20 @@ LUALIB_API lua_State *luaL_newstate (void) { return L; } + +LUALIB_API void luaL_checkversion_ (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver) { + const lua_Number *v = lua_version(L); + if (v != lua_version(NULL)) + luaL_error(L, "multiple Lua VMs detected"); + else if (*v != ver) + luaL_error(L, "version mismatch: app. needs %f, Lua core provides %f", + ver, *v); + /* check conversions number -> integer types */ + lua_pushnumber(L, -(lua_Number)0x1234); + if (lua_tointeger(L, -1) != -0x1234 || + lua_tounsigned(L, -1) != (lua_Unsigned)-0x1234) + luaL_error(L, "bad conversion number->int;" + " must recompile Lua with proper settings"); + lua_pop(L, 1); +} + diff --git a/lua/src/lauxlib.h b/lua/src/lauxlib.h index 34258235..0fb023b8 100644 --- a/lua/src/lauxlib.h +++ b/lua/src/lauxlib.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lauxlib.h,v 1.88.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lauxlib.h,v 1.120.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -15,18 +15,6 @@ #include "lua.h" -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_GETN) -LUALIB_API int (luaL_getn) (lua_State *L, int t); -LUALIB_API void (luaL_setn) (lua_State *L, int t, int n); -#else -#define luaL_getn(L,i) ((int)lua_objlen(L, i)) -#define luaL_setn(L,i,j) ((void)0) /* no op! */ -#endif - -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_OPENLIB) -#define luaI_openlib luaL_openlib -#endif - /* extra error code for `luaL_load' */ #define LUA_ERRFILE (LUA_ERRERR+1) @@ -38,14 +26,12 @@ typedef struct luaL_Reg { } luaL_Reg; +LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkversion_) (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver); +#define luaL_checkversion(L) luaL_checkversion_(L, LUA_VERSION_NUM) -LUALIB_API void (luaI_openlib) (lua_State *L, const char *libname, - const luaL_Reg *l, int nup); -LUALIB_API void (luaL_register) (lua_State *L, const char *libname, - const luaL_Reg *l); LUALIB_API int (luaL_getmetafield) (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e); LUALIB_API int (luaL_callmeta) (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e); -LUALIB_API int (luaL_typerror) (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *tname); +LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_tolstring) (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len); LUALIB_API int (luaL_argerror) (lua_State *L, int numarg, const char *extramsg); LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_checklstring) (lua_State *L, int numArg, size_t *l); @@ -57,12 +43,17 @@ LUALIB_API lua_Number (luaL_optnumber) (lua_State *L, int nArg, lua_Number def); LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_checkinteger) (lua_State *L, int numArg); LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_optinteger) (lua_State *L, int nArg, lua_Integer def); +LUALIB_API lua_Unsigned (luaL_checkunsigned) (lua_State *L, int numArg); +LUALIB_API lua_Unsigned (luaL_optunsigned) (lua_State *L, int numArg, + lua_Unsigned def); LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkstack) (lua_State *L, int sz, const char *msg); LUALIB_API void (luaL_checktype) (lua_State *L, int narg, int t); LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkany) (lua_State *L, int narg); LUALIB_API int (luaL_newmetatable) (lua_State *L, const char *tname); +LUALIB_API void (luaL_setmetatable) (lua_State *L, const char *tname); +LUALIB_API void *(luaL_testudata) (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname); LUALIB_API void *(luaL_checkudata) (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname); LUALIB_API void (luaL_where) (lua_State *L, int lvl); @@ -71,25 +62,41 @@ LUALIB_API int (luaL_error) (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...); LUALIB_API int (luaL_checkoption) (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *def, const char *const lst[]); +LUALIB_API int (luaL_fileresult) (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname); +LUALIB_API int (luaL_execresult) (lua_State *L, int stat); + +/* pre-defined references */ +#define LUA_NOREF (-2) +#define LUA_REFNIL (-1) + LUALIB_API int (luaL_ref) (lua_State *L, int t); LUALIB_API void (luaL_unref) (lua_State *L, int t, int ref); -LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadfile) (lua_State *L, const char *filename); -LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadbuffer) (lua_State *L, const char *buff, size_t sz, - const char *name); +LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadfilex) (lua_State *L, const char *filename, + const char *mode); + +#define luaL_loadfile(L,f) luaL_loadfilex(L,f,NULL) + +LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadbufferx) (lua_State *L, const char *buff, size_t sz, + const char *name, const char *mode); LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s); LUALIB_API lua_State *(luaL_newstate) (void); +LUALIB_API int (luaL_len) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_gsub) (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *p, const char *r); -LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_findtable) (lua_State *L, int idx, - const char *fname, int szhint); +LUALIB_API void (luaL_setfuncs) (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup); +LUALIB_API int (luaL_getsubtable) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname); +LUALIB_API void (luaL_traceback) (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, + const char *msg, int level); +LUALIB_API void (luaL_requiref) (lua_State *L, const char *modname, + lua_CFunction openf, int glb); /* ** =============================================================== @@ -97,6 +104,12 @@ LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_findtable) (lua_State *L, int idx, ** =============================================================== */ + +#define luaL_newlibtable(L,l) \ + lua_createtable(L, 0, sizeof(l)/sizeof((l)[0]) - 1) + +#define luaL_newlib(L,l) (luaL_newlibtable(L,l), luaL_setfuncs(L,l,0)) + #define luaL_argcheck(L, cond,numarg,extramsg) \ ((void)((cond) || luaL_argerror(L, (numarg), (extramsg)))) #define luaL_checkstring(L,n) (luaL_checklstring(L, (n), NULL)) @@ -118,56 +131,81 @@ LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_findtable) (lua_State *L, int idx, #define luaL_opt(L,f,n,d) (lua_isnoneornil(L,(n)) ? (d) : f(L,(n))) +#define luaL_loadbuffer(L,s,sz,n) luaL_loadbufferx(L,s,sz,n,NULL) + + /* ** {====================================================== ** Generic Buffer manipulation ** ======================================================= */ - - typedef struct luaL_Buffer { - char *p; /* current position in buffer */ - int lvl; /* number of strings in the stack (level) */ + char *b; /* buffer address */ + size_t size; /* buffer size */ + size_t n; /* number of characters in buffer */ lua_State *L; - char buffer[LUAL_BUFFERSIZE]; + char initb[LUAL_BUFFERSIZE]; /* initial buffer */ } luaL_Buffer; + #define luaL_addchar(B,c) \ - ((void)((B)->p < ((B)->buffer+LUAL_BUFFERSIZE) || luaL_prepbuffer(B)), \ - (*(B)->p++ = (char)(c))) + ((void)((B)->n < (B)->size || luaL_prepbuffsize((B), 1)), \ + ((B)->b[(B)->n++] = (c))) -/* compatibility only */ -#define luaL_putchar(B,c) luaL_addchar(B,c) - -#define luaL_addsize(B,n) ((B)->p += (n)) +#define luaL_addsize(B,s) ((B)->n += (s)) LUALIB_API void (luaL_buffinit) (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B); -LUALIB_API char *(luaL_prepbuffer) (luaL_Buffer *B); +LUALIB_API char *(luaL_prepbuffsize) (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz); LUALIB_API void (luaL_addlstring) (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l); LUALIB_API void (luaL_addstring) (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s); LUALIB_API void (luaL_addvalue) (luaL_Buffer *B); LUALIB_API void (luaL_pushresult) (luaL_Buffer *B); +LUALIB_API void (luaL_pushresultsize) (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz); +LUALIB_API char *(luaL_buffinitsize) (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz); +#define luaL_prepbuffer(B) luaL_prepbuffsize(B, LUAL_BUFFERSIZE) /* }====================================================== */ -/* compatibility with ref system */ -/* pre-defined references */ -#define LUA_NOREF (-2) -#define LUA_REFNIL (-1) +/* +** {====================================================== +** File handles for IO library +** ======================================================= +*/ -#define lua_ref(L,lock) ((lock) ? luaL_ref(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) : \ - (lua_pushstring(L, "unlocked references are obsolete"), lua_error(L), 0)) +/* +** A file handle is a userdata with metatable 'LUA_FILEHANDLE' and +** initial structure 'luaL_Stream' (it may contain other fields +** after that initial structure). +*/ -#define lua_unref(L,ref) luaL_unref(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, (ref)) - -#define lua_getref(L,ref) lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, (ref)) +#define LUA_FILEHANDLE "FILE*" -#define luaL_reg luaL_Reg +typedef struct luaL_Stream { + FILE *f; /* stream (NULL for incompletely created streams) */ + lua_CFunction closef; /* to close stream (NULL for closed streams) */ +} luaL_Stream; + +/* }====================================================== */ + + + +/* compatibility with old module system */ +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MODULE) + +LUALIB_API void (luaL_pushmodule) (lua_State *L, const char *modname, + int sizehint); +LUALIB_API void (luaL_openlib) (lua_State *L, const char *libname, + const luaL_Reg *l, int nup); + +#define luaL_register(L,n,l) (luaL_openlib(L,(n),(l),0)) + +#endif + #endif diff --git a/lua/src/lbaselib.c b/lua/src/lbaselib.c index 2ab550bd..5255b3cd 100644 --- a/lua/src/lbaselib.c +++ b/lua/src/lbaselib.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lbaselib.c,v 1.191.1.6 2008/02/14 16:46:22 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lbaselib.c,v 1.276.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Basic library ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -20,60 +20,68 @@ #include "lualib.h" - - -/* -** If your system does not support `stdout', you can just remove this function. -** If you need, you can define your own `print' function, following this -** model but changing `fputs' to put the strings at a proper place -** (a console window or a log file, for instance). -*/ static int luaB_print (lua_State *L) { int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */ int i; lua_getglobal(L, "tostring"); for (i=1; i<=n; i++) { const char *s; + size_t l; lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* function to be called */ lua_pushvalue(L, i); /* value to print */ lua_call(L, 1, 1); - s = lua_tostring(L, -1); /* get result */ + s = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &l); /* get result */ if (s == NULL) - return luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("tostring") " must return a string to " - LUA_QL("print")); - if (i>1) fputs("\t", stdout); - fputs(s, stdout); + return luaL_error(L, + LUA_QL("tostring") " must return a string to " LUA_QL("print")); + if (i>1) luai_writestring("\t", 1); + luai_writestring(s, l); lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop result */ } - fputs("\n", stdout); + luai_writeline(); return 0; } +#define SPACECHARS " \f\n\r\t\v" + static int luaB_tonumber (lua_State *L) { - int base = luaL_optint(L, 2, 10); - if (base == 10) { /* standard conversion */ - luaL_checkany(L, 1); - if (lua_isnumber(L, 1)) { - lua_pushnumber(L, lua_tonumber(L, 1)); + if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 2)) { /* standard conversion */ + int isnum; + lua_Number n = lua_tonumberx(L, 1, &isnum); + if (isnum) { + lua_pushnumber(L, n); return 1; - } + } /* else not a number; must be something */ + luaL_checkany(L, 1); } else { - const char *s1 = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); - char *s2; - unsigned long n; + size_t l; + const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); + const char *e = s + l; /* end point for 's' */ + int base = luaL_checkint(L, 2); + int neg = 0; luaL_argcheck(L, 2 <= base && base <= 36, 2, "base out of range"); - n = strtoul(s1, &s2, base); - if (s1 != s2) { /* at least one valid digit? */ - while (isspace((unsigned char)(*s2))) s2++; /* skip trailing spaces */ - if (*s2 == '\0') { /* no invalid trailing characters? */ - lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)n); + s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS); /* skip initial spaces */ + if (*s == '-') { s++; neg = 1; } /* handle signal */ + else if (*s == '+') s++; + if (isalnum((unsigned char)*s)) { + lua_Number n = 0; + do { + int digit = (isdigit((unsigned char)*s)) ? *s - '0' + : toupper((unsigned char)*s) - 'A' + 10; + if (digit >= base) break; /* invalid numeral; force a fail */ + n = n * (lua_Number)base + (lua_Number)digit; + s++; + } while (isalnum((unsigned char)*s)); + s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS); /* skip trailing spaces */ + if (s == e) { /* no invalid trailing characters? */ + lua_pushnumber(L, (neg) ? -n : n); return 1; - } - } + } /* else not a number */ + } /* else not a number */ } - lua_pushnil(L); /* else not a number */ + lua_pushnil(L); /* not a number */ return 1; } @@ -107,57 +115,13 @@ static int luaB_setmetatable (lua_State *L) { luaL_argcheck(L, t == LUA_TNIL || t == LUA_TTABLE, 2, "nil or table expected"); if (luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__metatable")) - luaL_error(L, "cannot change a protected metatable"); + return luaL_error(L, "cannot change a protected metatable"); lua_settop(L, 2); lua_setmetatable(L, 1); return 1; } -static void getfunc (lua_State *L, int opt) { - if (lua_isfunction(L, 1)) lua_pushvalue(L, 1); - else { - lua_Debug ar; - int level = opt ? luaL_optint(L, 1, 1) : luaL_checkint(L, 1); - luaL_argcheck(L, level >= 0, 1, "level must be non-negative"); - if (lua_getstack(L, level, &ar) == 0) - luaL_argerror(L, 1, "invalid level"); - lua_getinfo(L, "f", &ar); - if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) - luaL_error(L, "no function environment for tail call at level %d", - level); - } -} - - -static int luaB_getfenv (lua_State *L) { - getfunc(L, 1); - if (lua_iscfunction(L, -1)) /* is a C function? */ - lua_pushvalue(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX); /* return the thread's global env. */ - else - lua_getfenv(L, -1); - return 1; -} - - -static int luaB_setfenv (lua_State *L) { - luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TTABLE); - getfunc(L, 0); - lua_pushvalue(L, 2); - if (lua_isnumber(L, 1) && lua_tonumber(L, 1) == 0) { - /* change environment of current thread */ - lua_pushthread(L); - lua_insert(L, -2); - lua_setfenv(L, -2); - return 0; - } - else if (lua_iscfunction(L, -2) || lua_setfenv(L, -2) == 0) - luaL_error(L, - LUA_QL("setfenv") " cannot change environment of given object"); - return 1; -} - - static int luaB_rawequal (lua_State *L) { luaL_checkany(L, 1); luaL_checkany(L, 2); @@ -166,6 +130,15 @@ static int luaB_rawequal (lua_State *L) { } +static int luaB_rawlen (lua_State *L) { + int t = lua_type(L, 1); + luaL_argcheck(L, t == LUA_TTABLE || t == LUA_TSTRING, 1, + "table or string expected"); + lua_pushinteger(L, lua_rawlen(L, 1)); + return 1; +} + + static int luaB_rawget (lua_State *L) { luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); luaL_checkany(L, 2); @@ -184,32 +157,29 @@ static int luaB_rawset (lua_State *L) { } -static int luaB_gcinfo (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushinteger(L, lua_getgccount(L)); - return 1; -} - - static int luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) { static const char *const opts[] = {"stop", "restart", "collect", - "count", "step", "setpause", "setstepmul", NULL}; + "count", "step", "setpause", "setstepmul", + "setmajorinc", "isrunning", "generational", "incremental", NULL}; static const int optsnum[] = {LUA_GCSTOP, LUA_GCRESTART, LUA_GCCOLLECT, - LUA_GCCOUNT, LUA_GCSTEP, LUA_GCSETPAUSE, LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL}; - int o = luaL_checkoption(L, 1, "collect", opts); + LUA_GCCOUNT, LUA_GCSTEP, LUA_GCSETPAUSE, LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL, + LUA_GCSETMAJORINC, LUA_GCISRUNNING, LUA_GCGEN, LUA_GCINC}; + int o = optsnum[luaL_checkoption(L, 1, "collect", opts)]; int ex = luaL_optint(L, 2, 0); - int res = lua_gc(L, optsnum[o], ex); - switch (optsnum[o]) { + int res = lua_gc(L, o, ex); + switch (o) { case LUA_GCCOUNT: { int b = lua_gc(L, LUA_GCCOUNTB, 0); lua_pushnumber(L, res + ((lua_Number)b/1024)); - return 1; + lua_pushinteger(L, b); + return 2; } - case LUA_GCSTEP: { + case LUA_GCSTEP: case LUA_GCISRUNNING: { lua_pushboolean(L, res); return 1; } default: { - lua_pushnumber(L, res); + lua_pushinteger(L, res); return 1; } } @@ -223,6 +193,23 @@ static int luaB_type (lua_State *L) { } +static int pairsmeta (lua_State *L, const char *method, int iszero, + lua_CFunction iter) { + if (!luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, method)) { /* no metamethod? */ + luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); /* argument must be a table */ + lua_pushcfunction(L, iter); /* will return generator, */ + lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* state, */ + if (iszero) lua_pushinteger(L, 0); /* and initial value */ + else lua_pushnil(L); + } + else { + lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* argument 'self' to metamethod */ + lua_call(L, 1, 3); /* get 3 values from metamethod */ + } + return 3; +} + + static int luaB_next (lua_State *L) { luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); lua_settop(L, 2); /* create a 2nd argument if there isn't one */ @@ -236,11 +223,7 @@ static int luaB_next (lua_State *L) { static int luaB_pairs (lua_State *L) { - luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); - lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); /* return generator, */ - lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* state, */ - lua_pushnil(L); /* and initial value */ - return 3; + return pairsmeta(L, "__pairs", 0, luaB_next); } @@ -250,23 +233,25 @@ static int ipairsaux (lua_State *L) { i++; /* next value */ lua_pushinteger(L, i); lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i); - return (lua_isnil(L, -1)) ? 0 : 2; + return (lua_isnil(L, -1)) ? 1 : 2; } static int luaB_ipairs (lua_State *L) { - luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); - lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); /* return generator, */ - lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* state, */ - lua_pushinteger(L, 0); /* and initial value */ - return 3; + return pairsmeta(L, "__ipairs", 1, ipairsaux); } -static int load_aux (lua_State *L, int status) { - if (status == 0) /* OK? */ +static int load_aux (lua_State *L, int status, int envidx) { + if (status == LUA_OK) { + if (envidx != 0) { /* 'env' parameter? */ + lua_pushvalue(L, envidx); /* environment for loaded function */ + if (!lua_setupvalue(L, -2, 1)) /* set it as 1st upvalue */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove 'env' if not used by previous call */ + } return 1; - else { + } + else { /* error (message is on top of the stack) */ lua_pushnil(L); lua_insert(L, -2); /* put before error message */ return 2; /* return nil plus error message */ @@ -274,20 +259,30 @@ static int load_aux (lua_State *L, int status) { } -static int luaB_loadstring (lua_State *L) { - size_t l; - const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); - const char *chunkname = luaL_optstring(L, 2, s); - return load_aux(L, luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, l, chunkname)); -} - - static int luaB_loadfile (lua_State *L) { const char *fname = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL); - return load_aux(L, luaL_loadfile(L, fname)); + const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, NULL); + int env = (!lua_isnone(L, 3) ? 3 : 0); /* 'env' index or 0 if no 'env' */ + int status = luaL_loadfilex(L, fname, mode); + return load_aux(L, status, env); } +/* +** {====================================================== +** Generic Read function +** ======================================================= +*/ + + +/* +** reserved slot, above all arguments, to hold a copy of the returned +** string to avoid it being collected while parsed. 'load' has four +** optional arguments (chunk, source name, mode, and environment). +*/ +#define RESERVEDSLOT 5 + + /* ** Reader for generic `load' function: `lua_load' uses the ** stack for internal stuff, so the reader cannot change the @@ -295,66 +290,66 @@ static int luaB_loadfile (lua_State *L) { ** reserved slot inside the stack. */ static const char *generic_reader (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) { - (void)ud; /* to avoid warnings */ + (void)(ud); /* not used */ luaL_checkstack(L, 2, "too many nested functions"); lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* get function */ lua_call(L, 0, 1); /* call it */ if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) { + lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop result */ *size = 0; return NULL; } - else if (lua_isstring(L, -1)) { - lua_replace(L, 3); /* save string in a reserved stack slot */ - return lua_tolstring(L, 3, size); - } - else luaL_error(L, "reader function must return a string"); - return NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ + else if (!lua_isstring(L, -1)) + luaL_error(L, "reader function must return a string"); + lua_replace(L, RESERVEDSLOT); /* save string in reserved slot */ + return lua_tolstring(L, RESERVEDSLOT, size); } static int luaB_load (lua_State *L) { int status; - const char *cname = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "=(load)"); - luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION); - lua_settop(L, 3); /* function, eventual name, plus one reserved slot */ - status = lua_load(L, generic_reader, NULL, cname); - return load_aux(L, status); + size_t l; + const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l); + const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 3, "bt"); + int env = (!lua_isnone(L, 4) ? 4 : 0); /* 'env' index or 0 if no 'env' */ + if (s != NULL) { /* loading a string? */ + const char *chunkname = luaL_optstring(L, 2, s); + status = luaL_loadbufferx(L, s, l, chunkname, mode); + } + else { /* loading from a reader function */ + const char *chunkname = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "=(load)"); + luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION); + lua_settop(L, RESERVEDSLOT); /* create reserved slot */ + status = lua_load(L, generic_reader, NULL, chunkname, mode); + } + return load_aux(L, status, env); +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +static int dofilecont (lua_State *L) { + return lua_gettop(L) - 1; } static int luaB_dofile (lua_State *L) { const char *fname = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL); - int n = lua_gettop(L); - if (luaL_loadfile(L, fname) != 0) lua_error(L); - lua_call(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET); - return lua_gettop(L) - n; + lua_settop(L, 1); + if (luaL_loadfile(L, fname) != LUA_OK) + return lua_error(L); + lua_callk(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0, dofilecont); + return dofilecont(L); } static int luaB_assert (lua_State *L) { - luaL_checkany(L, 1); if (!lua_toboolean(L, 1)) return luaL_error(L, "%s", luaL_optstring(L, 2, "assertion failed!")); return lua_gettop(L); } -static int luaB_unpack (lua_State *L) { - int i, e, n; - luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); - i = luaL_optint(L, 2, 1); - e = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkint, 3, luaL_getn(L, 1)); - if (i > e) return 0; /* empty range */ - n = e - i + 1; /* number of elements */ - if (n <= 0 || !lua_checkstack(L, n)) /* n <= 0 means arith. overflow */ - return luaL_error(L, "too many results to unpack"); - lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i); /* push arg[i] (avoiding overflow problems) */ - while (i++ < e) /* push arg[i + 1...e] */ - lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i); - return n; -} - - static int luaB_select (lua_State *L) { int n = lua_gettop(L); if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TSTRING && *lua_tostring(L, 1) == '#') { @@ -371,75 +366,50 @@ static int luaB_select (lua_State *L) { } +static int finishpcall (lua_State *L, int status) { + if (!lua_checkstack(L, 1)) { /* no space for extra boolean? */ + lua_settop(L, 0); /* create space for return values */ + lua_pushboolean(L, 0); + lua_pushstring(L, "stack overflow"); + return 2; /* return false, msg */ + } + lua_pushboolean(L, status); /* first result (status) */ + lua_replace(L, 1); /* put first result in first slot */ + return lua_gettop(L); +} + + +static int pcallcont (lua_State *L) { + int status = lua_getctx(L, NULL); + return finishpcall(L, (status == LUA_YIELD)); +} + + static int luaB_pcall (lua_State *L) { int status; luaL_checkany(L, 1); - status = lua_pcall(L, lua_gettop(L) - 1, LUA_MULTRET, 0); - lua_pushboolean(L, (status == 0)); - lua_insert(L, 1); - return lua_gettop(L); /* return status + all results */ + lua_pushnil(L); + lua_insert(L, 1); /* create space for status result */ + status = lua_pcallk(L, lua_gettop(L) - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 0, 0, pcallcont); + return finishpcall(L, (status == LUA_OK)); } static int luaB_xpcall (lua_State *L) { int status; - luaL_checkany(L, 2); - lua_settop(L, 2); - lua_insert(L, 1); /* put error function under function to be called */ - status = lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 1); - lua_pushboolean(L, (status == 0)); - lua_replace(L, 1); - return lua_gettop(L); /* return status + all results */ + int n = lua_gettop(L); + luaL_argcheck(L, n >= 2, 2, "value expected"); + lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* exchange function... */ + lua_copy(L, 2, 1); /* ...and error handler */ + lua_replace(L, 2); + status = lua_pcallk(L, n - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 1, 0, pcallcont); + return finishpcall(L, (status == LUA_OK)); } static int luaB_tostring (lua_State *L) { luaL_checkany(L, 1); - if (luaL_callmeta(L, 1, "__tostring")) /* is there a metafield? */ - return 1; /* use its value */ - switch (lua_type(L, 1)) { - case LUA_TNUMBER: - lua_pushstring(L, lua_tostring(L, 1)); - break; - case LUA_TSTRING: - lua_pushvalue(L, 1); - break; - case LUA_TBOOLEAN: - lua_pushstring(L, (lua_toboolean(L, 1) ? "true" : "false")); - break; - case LUA_TNIL: - lua_pushliteral(L, "nil"); - break; - default: - lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %p", luaL_typename(L, 1), lua_topointer(L, 1)); - break; - } - return 1; -} - - -static int luaB_newproxy (lua_State *L) { - lua_settop(L, 1); - lua_newuserdata(L, 0); /* create proxy */ - if (lua_toboolean(L, 1) == 0) - return 1; /* no metatable */ - else if (lua_isboolean(L, 1)) { - lua_newtable(L); /* create a new metatable `m' ... */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* ... and mark `m' as a valid metatable */ - lua_pushboolean(L, 1); - lua_rawset(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); /* weaktable[m] = true */ - } - else { - int validproxy = 0; /* to check if weaktable[metatable(u)] == true */ - if (lua_getmetatable(L, 1)) { - lua_rawget(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); - validproxy = lua_toboolean(L, -1); - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove value */ - } - luaL_argcheck(L, validproxy, 1, "boolean or proxy expected"); - lua_getmetatable(L, 1); /* metatable is valid; get it */ - } - lua_setmetatable(L, 2); + luaL_tolstring(L, 1, NULL); return 1; } @@ -449,205 +419,40 @@ static const luaL_Reg base_funcs[] = { {"collectgarbage", luaB_collectgarbage}, {"dofile", luaB_dofile}, {"error", luaB_error}, - {"gcinfo", luaB_gcinfo}, - {"getfenv", luaB_getfenv}, {"getmetatable", luaB_getmetatable}, + {"ipairs", luaB_ipairs}, {"loadfile", luaB_loadfile}, {"load", luaB_load}, - {"loadstring", luaB_loadstring}, +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LOADSTRING) + {"loadstring", luaB_load}, +#endif {"next", luaB_next}, + {"pairs", luaB_pairs}, {"pcall", luaB_pcall}, {"print", luaB_print}, {"rawequal", luaB_rawequal}, + {"rawlen", luaB_rawlen}, {"rawget", luaB_rawget}, {"rawset", luaB_rawset}, {"select", luaB_select}, - {"setfenv", luaB_setfenv}, {"setmetatable", luaB_setmetatable}, {"tonumber", luaB_tonumber}, {"tostring", luaB_tostring}, {"type", luaB_type}, - {"unpack", luaB_unpack}, {"xpcall", luaB_xpcall}, {NULL, NULL} }; -/* -** {====================================================== -** Coroutine library -** ======================================================= -*/ - -#define CO_RUN 0 /* running */ -#define CO_SUS 1 /* suspended */ -#define CO_NOR 2 /* 'normal' (it resumed another coroutine) */ -#define CO_DEAD 3 - -static const char *const statnames[] = - {"running", "suspended", "normal", "dead"}; - -static int costatus (lua_State *L, lua_State *co) { - if (L == co) return CO_RUN; - switch (lua_status(co)) { - case LUA_YIELD: - return CO_SUS; - case 0: { - lua_Debug ar; - if (lua_getstack(co, 0, &ar) > 0) /* does it have frames? */ - return CO_NOR; /* it is running */ - else if (lua_gettop(co) == 0) - return CO_DEAD; - else - return CO_SUS; /* initial state */ - } - default: /* some error occured */ - return CO_DEAD; - } -} - - -static int luaB_costatus (lua_State *L) { - lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, 1); - luaL_argcheck(L, co, 1, "coroutine expected"); - lua_pushstring(L, statnames[costatus(L, co)]); - return 1; -} - - -static int auxresume (lua_State *L, lua_State *co, int narg) { - int status = costatus(L, co); - if (!lua_checkstack(co, narg)) - luaL_error(L, "too many arguments to resume"); - if (status != CO_SUS) { - lua_pushfstring(L, "cannot resume %s coroutine", statnames[status]); - return -1; /* error flag */ - } - lua_xmove(L, co, narg); - lua_setlevel(L, co); - status = lua_resume(co, narg); - if (status == 0 || status == LUA_YIELD) { - int nres = lua_gettop(co); - if (!lua_checkstack(L, nres + 1)) - luaL_error(L, "too many results to resume"); - lua_xmove(co, L, nres); /* move yielded values */ - return nres; - } - else { - lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message */ - return -1; /* error flag */ - } -} - - -static int luaB_coresume (lua_State *L) { - lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, 1); - int r; - luaL_argcheck(L, co, 1, "coroutine expected"); - r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L) - 1); - if (r < 0) { - lua_pushboolean(L, 0); - lua_insert(L, -2); - return 2; /* return false + error message */ - } - else { - lua_pushboolean(L, 1); - lua_insert(L, -(r + 1)); - return r + 1; /* return true + `resume' returns */ - } -} - - -static int luaB_auxwrap (lua_State *L) { - lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); - int r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L)); - if (r < 0) { - if (lua_isstring(L, -1)) { /* error object is a string? */ - luaL_where(L, 1); /* add extra info */ - lua_insert(L, -2); - lua_concat(L, 2); - } - lua_error(L); /* propagate error */ - } - return r; -} - - -static int luaB_cocreate (lua_State *L) { - lua_State *NL = lua_newthread(L); - luaL_argcheck(L, lua_isfunction(L, 1) && !lua_iscfunction(L, 1), 1, - "Lua function expected"); - lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* move function to top */ - lua_xmove(L, NL, 1); /* move function from L to NL */ - return 1; -} - - -static int luaB_cowrap (lua_State *L) { - luaB_cocreate(L); - lua_pushcclosure(L, luaB_auxwrap, 1); - return 1; -} - - -static int luaB_yield (lua_State *L) { - return lua_yield(L, lua_gettop(L)); -} - - -static int luaB_corunning (lua_State *L) { - if (lua_pushthread(L)) - lua_pushnil(L); /* main thread is not a coroutine */ - return 1; -} - - -static const luaL_Reg co_funcs[] = { - {"create", luaB_cocreate}, - {"resume", luaB_coresume}, - {"running", luaB_corunning}, - {"status", luaB_costatus}, - {"wrap", luaB_cowrap}, - {"yield", luaB_yield}, - {NULL, NULL} -}; - -/* }====================================================== */ - - -static void auxopen (lua_State *L, const char *name, - lua_CFunction f, lua_CFunction u) { - lua_pushcfunction(L, u); - lua_pushcclosure(L, f, 1); - lua_setfield(L, -2, name); -} - - -static void base_open (lua_State *L) { +LUAMOD_API int luaopen_base (lua_State *L) { /* set global _G */ - lua_pushvalue(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX); - lua_setglobal(L, "_G"); + lua_pushglobaltable(L); + lua_pushglobaltable(L); + lua_setfield(L, -2, "_G"); /* open lib into global table */ - luaL_register(L, "_G", base_funcs); + luaL_setfuncs(L, base_funcs, 0); lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_VERSION); - lua_setglobal(L, "_VERSION"); /* set global _VERSION */ - /* `ipairs' and `pairs' need auxiliary functions as upvalues */ - auxopen(L, "ipairs", luaB_ipairs, ipairsaux); - auxopen(L, "pairs", luaB_pairs, luaB_next); - /* `newproxy' needs a weaktable as upvalue */ - lua_createtable(L, 0, 1); /* new table `w' */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* `w' will be its own metatable */ - lua_setmetatable(L, -2); - lua_pushliteral(L, "kv"); - lua_setfield(L, -2, "__mode"); /* metatable(w).__mode = "kv" */ - lua_pushcclosure(L, luaB_newproxy, 1); - lua_setglobal(L, "newproxy"); /* set global `newproxy' */ -} - - -LUALIB_API int luaopen_base (lua_State *L) { - base_open(L); - luaL_register(L, LUA_COLIBNAME, co_funcs); - return 2; + lua_setfield(L, -2, "_VERSION"); /* set global _VERSION */ + return 1; } diff --git a/lua/src/lbitlib.c b/lua/src/lbitlib.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..31c7b66f --- /dev/null +++ b/lua/src/lbitlib.c @@ -0,0 +1,212 @@ +/* +** $Id: lbitlib.c,v 1.18.1.2 2013/07/09 18:01:41 roberto Exp $ +** Standard library for bitwise operations +** See Copyright Notice in lua.h +*/ + +#define lbitlib_c +#define LUA_LIB + +#include "lua.h" + +#include "lauxlib.h" +#include "lualib.h" + + +/* number of bits to consider in a number */ +#if !defined(LUA_NBITS) +#define LUA_NBITS 32 +#endif + + +#define ALLONES (~(((~(lua_Unsigned)0) << (LUA_NBITS - 1)) << 1)) + +/* macro to trim extra bits */ +#define trim(x) ((x) & ALLONES) + + +/* builds a number with 'n' ones (1 <= n <= LUA_NBITS) */ +#define mask(n) (~((ALLONES << 1) << ((n) - 1))) + + +typedef lua_Unsigned b_uint; + + + +static b_uint andaux (lua_State *L) { + int i, n = lua_gettop(L); + b_uint r = ~(b_uint)0; + for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) + r &= luaL_checkunsigned(L, i); + return trim(r); +} + + +static int b_and (lua_State *L) { + b_uint r = andaux(L); + lua_pushunsigned(L, r); + return 1; +} + + +static int b_test (lua_State *L) { + b_uint r = andaux(L); + lua_pushboolean(L, r != 0); + return 1; +} + + +static int b_or (lua_State *L) { + int i, n = lua_gettop(L); + b_uint r = 0; + for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) + r |= luaL_checkunsigned(L, i); + lua_pushunsigned(L, trim(r)); + return 1; +} + + +static int b_xor (lua_State *L) { + int i, n = lua_gettop(L); + b_uint r = 0; + for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) + r ^= luaL_checkunsigned(L, i); + lua_pushunsigned(L, trim(r)); + return 1; +} + + +static int b_not (lua_State *L) { + b_uint r = ~luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1); + lua_pushunsigned(L, trim(r)); + return 1; +} + + +static int b_shift (lua_State *L, b_uint r, int i) { + if (i < 0) { /* shift right? */ + i = -i; + r = trim(r); + if (i >= LUA_NBITS) r = 0; + else r >>= i; + } + else { /* shift left */ + if (i >= LUA_NBITS) r = 0; + else r <<= i; + r = trim(r); + } + lua_pushunsigned(L, r); + return 1; +} + + +static int b_lshift (lua_State *L) { + return b_shift(L, luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1), luaL_checkint(L, 2)); +} + + +static int b_rshift (lua_State *L) { + return b_shift(L, luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1), -luaL_checkint(L, 2)); +} + + +static int b_arshift (lua_State *L) { + b_uint r = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1); + int i = luaL_checkint(L, 2); + if (i < 0 || !(r & ((b_uint)1 << (LUA_NBITS - 1)))) + return b_shift(L, r, -i); + else { /* arithmetic shift for 'negative' number */ + if (i >= LUA_NBITS) r = ALLONES; + else + r = trim((r >> i) | ~(~(b_uint)0 >> i)); /* add signal bit */ + lua_pushunsigned(L, r); + return 1; + } +} + + +static int b_rot (lua_State *L, int i) { + b_uint r = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1); + i &= (LUA_NBITS - 1); /* i = i % NBITS */ + r = trim(r); + if (i != 0) /* avoid undefined shift of LUA_NBITS when i == 0 */ + r = (r << i) | (r >> (LUA_NBITS - i)); + lua_pushunsigned(L, trim(r)); + return 1; +} + + +static int b_lrot (lua_State *L) { + return b_rot(L, luaL_checkint(L, 2)); +} + + +static int b_rrot (lua_State *L) { + return b_rot(L, -luaL_checkint(L, 2)); +} + + +/* +** get field and width arguments for field-manipulation functions, +** checking whether they are valid. +** ('luaL_error' called without 'return' to avoid later warnings about +** 'width' being used uninitialized.) +*/ +static int fieldargs (lua_State *L, int farg, int *width) { + int f = luaL_checkint(L, farg); + int w = luaL_optint(L, farg + 1, 1); + luaL_argcheck(L, 0 <= f, farg, "field cannot be negative"); + luaL_argcheck(L, 0 < w, farg + 1, "width must be positive"); + if (f + w > LUA_NBITS) + luaL_error(L, "trying to access non-existent bits"); + *width = w; + return f; +} + + +static int b_extract (lua_State *L) { + int w; + b_uint r = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1); + int f = fieldargs(L, 2, &w); + r = (r >> f) & mask(w); + lua_pushunsigned(L, r); + return 1; +} + + +static int b_replace (lua_State *L) { + int w; + b_uint r = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1); + b_uint v = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 2); + int f = fieldargs(L, 3, &w); + int m = mask(w); + v &= m; /* erase bits outside given width */ + r = (r & ~(m << f)) | (v << f); + lua_pushunsigned(L, r); + return 1; +} + + +static const luaL_Reg bitlib[] = { + {"arshift", b_arshift}, + {"band", b_and}, + {"bnot", b_not}, + {"bor", b_or}, + {"bxor", b_xor}, + {"btest", b_test}, + {"extract", b_extract}, + {"lrotate", b_lrot}, + {"lshift", b_lshift}, + {"replace", b_replace}, + {"rrotate", b_rrot}, + {"rshift", b_rshift}, + {NULL, NULL} +}; + + + +LUAMOD_API int luaopen_bit32 (lua_State *L) { + luaL_newlib(L, bitlib); + return 1; +} + diff --git a/lua/src/lcode.c b/lua/src/lcode.c index 679cb9cf..820b95c0 100644 --- a/lua/src/lcode.c +++ b/lua/src/lcode.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lcode.c,v 2.25.1.5 2011/01/31 14:53:16 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lcode.c,v 2.62.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Code generator for Lua ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -21,7 +21,9 @@ #include "lobject.h" #include "lopcodes.h" #include "lparser.h" +#include "lstring.h" #include "ltable.h" +#include "lvm.h" #define hasjumps(e) ((e)->t != (e)->f) @@ -34,25 +36,23 @@ static int isnumeral(expdesc *e) { void luaK_nil (FuncState *fs, int from, int n) { Instruction *previous; + int l = from + n - 1; /* last register to set nil */ if (fs->pc > fs->lasttarget) { /* no jumps to current position? */ - if (fs->pc == 0) { /* function start? */ - if (from >= fs->nactvar) - return; /* positions are already clean */ - } - else { - previous = &fs->f->code[fs->pc-1]; - if (GET_OPCODE(*previous) == OP_LOADNIL) { - int pfrom = GETARG_A(*previous); - int pto = GETARG_B(*previous); - if (pfrom <= from && from <= pto+1) { /* can connect both? */ - if (from+n-1 > pto) - SETARG_B(*previous, from+n-1); - return; - } + previous = &fs->f->code[fs->pc-1]; + if (GET_OPCODE(*previous) == OP_LOADNIL) { + int pfrom = GETARG_A(*previous); + int pl = pfrom + GETARG_B(*previous); + if ((pfrom <= from && from <= pl + 1) || + (from <= pfrom && pfrom <= l + 1)) { /* can connect both? */ + if (pfrom < from) from = pfrom; /* from = min(from, pfrom) */ + if (pl > l) l = pl; /* l = max(l, pl) */ + SETARG_A(*previous, from); + SETARG_B(*previous, l - from); + return; } - } + } /* else go through */ } - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADNIL, from, from+n-1, 0); /* else no optimization */ + luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADNIL, from, n - 1, 0); /* else no optimization */ } @@ -176,6 +176,19 @@ void luaK_patchlist (FuncState *fs, int list, int target) { } +LUAI_FUNC void luaK_patchclose (FuncState *fs, int list, int level) { + level++; /* argument is +1 to reserve 0 as non-op */ + while (list != NO_JUMP) { + int next = getjump(fs, list); + lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(fs->f->code[list]) == OP_JMP && + (GETARG_A(fs->f->code[list]) == 0 || + GETARG_A(fs->f->code[list]) >= level)); + SETARG_A(fs->f->code[list], level); + list = next; + } +} + + void luaK_patchtohere (FuncState *fs, int list) { luaK_getlabel(fs); luaK_concat(fs, &fs->jpc, list); @@ -196,6 +209,55 @@ void luaK_concat (FuncState *fs, int *l1, int l2) { } +static int luaK_code (FuncState *fs, Instruction i) { + Proto *f = fs->f; + dischargejpc(fs); /* `pc' will change */ + /* put new instruction in code array */ + luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->code, fs->pc, f->sizecode, Instruction, + MAX_INT, "opcodes"); + f->code[fs->pc] = i; + /* save corresponding line information */ + luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->lineinfo, fs->pc, f->sizelineinfo, int, + MAX_INT, "opcodes"); + f->lineinfo[fs->pc] = fs->ls->lastline; + return fs->pc++; +} + + +int luaK_codeABC (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, int b, int c) { + lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == iABC); + lua_assert(getBMode(o) != OpArgN || b == 0); + lua_assert(getCMode(o) != OpArgN || c == 0); + lua_assert(a <= MAXARG_A && b <= MAXARG_B && c <= MAXARG_C); + return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_ABC(o, a, b, c)); +} + + +int luaK_codeABx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, unsigned int bc) { + lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == iABx || getOpMode(o) == iAsBx); + lua_assert(getCMode(o) == OpArgN); + lua_assert(a <= MAXARG_A && bc <= MAXARG_Bx); + return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_ABx(o, a, bc)); +} + + +static int codeextraarg (FuncState *fs, int a) { + lua_assert(a <= MAXARG_Ax); + return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_Ax(OP_EXTRAARG, a)); +} + + +int luaK_codek (FuncState *fs, int reg, int k) { + if (k <= MAXARG_Bx) + return luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_LOADK, reg, k); + else { + int p = luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_LOADKX, reg, 0); + codeextraarg(fs, k); + return p; + } +} + + void luaK_checkstack (FuncState *fs, int n) { int newstack = fs->freereg + n; if (newstack > fs->f->maxstacksize) { @@ -222,42 +284,59 @@ static void freereg (FuncState *fs, int reg) { static void freeexp (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { if (e->k == VNONRELOC) - freereg(fs, e->u.s.info); + freereg(fs, e->u.info); } -static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *k, TValue *v) { - lua_State *L = fs->L; - TValue *idx = luaH_set(L, fs->h, k); +static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *key, TValue *v) { + lua_State *L = fs->ls->L; + TValue *idx = luaH_set(L, fs->h, key); Proto *f = fs->f; - int oldsize = f->sizek; + int k, oldsize; if (ttisnumber(idx)) { - lua_assert(luaO_rawequalObj(&fs->f->k[cast_int(nvalue(idx))], v)); - return cast_int(nvalue(idx)); - } - else { /* constant not found; create a new entry */ - setnvalue(idx, cast_num(fs->nk)); - luaM_growvector(L, f->k, fs->nk, f->sizek, TValue, - MAXARG_Bx, "constant table overflow"); - while (oldsize < f->sizek) setnilvalue(&f->k[oldsize++]); - setobj(L, &f->k[fs->nk], v); - luaC_barrier(L, f, v); - return fs->nk++; + lua_Number n = nvalue(idx); + lua_number2int(k, n); + if (luaV_rawequalobj(&f->k[k], v)) + return k; + /* else may be a collision (e.g., between 0.0 and "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"); + go through and create a new entry for this value */ } + /* constant not found; create a new entry */ + oldsize = f->sizek; + k = fs->nk; + /* numerical value does not need GC barrier; + table has no metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */ + setnvalue(idx, cast_num(k)); + luaM_growvector(L, f->k, k, f->sizek, TValue, MAXARG_Ax, "constants"); + while (oldsize < f->sizek) setnilvalue(&f->k[oldsize++]); + setobj(L, &f->k[k], v); + fs->nk++; + luaC_barrier(L, f, v); + return k; } int luaK_stringK (FuncState *fs, TString *s) { TValue o; - setsvalue(fs->L, &o, s); + setsvalue(fs->ls->L, &o, s); return addk(fs, &o, &o); } int luaK_numberK (FuncState *fs, lua_Number r) { + int n; + lua_State *L = fs->ls->L; TValue o; setnvalue(&o, r); - return addk(fs, &o, &o); + if (r == 0 || luai_numisnan(NULL, r)) { /* handle -0 and NaN */ + /* use raw representation as key to avoid numeric problems */ + setsvalue(L, L->top++, luaS_newlstr(L, (char *)&r, sizeof(r))); + n = addk(fs, L->top - 1, &o); + L->top--; + } + else + n = addk(fs, &o, &o); /* regular case */ + return n; } @@ -272,7 +351,7 @@ static int nilK (FuncState *fs) { TValue k, v; setnilvalue(&v); /* cannot use nil as key; instead use table itself to represent nil */ - sethvalue(fs->L, &k, fs->h); + sethvalue(fs->ls->L, &k, fs->h); return addk(fs, &k, &v); } @@ -292,7 +371,7 @@ void luaK_setreturns (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int nresults) { void luaK_setoneret (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { if (e->k == VCALL) { /* expression is an open function call? */ e->k = VNONRELOC; - e->u.s.info = GETARG_A(getcode(fs, e)); + e->u.info = GETARG_A(getcode(fs, e)); } else if (e->k == VVARARG) { SETARG_B(getcode(fs, e), 2); @@ -308,19 +387,18 @@ void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { break; } case VUPVAL: { - e->u.s.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETUPVAL, 0, e->u.s.info, 0); - e->k = VRELOCABLE; - break; - } - case VGLOBAL: { - e->u.s.info = luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_GETGLOBAL, 0, e->u.s.info); + e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETUPVAL, 0, e->u.info, 0); e->k = VRELOCABLE; break; } case VINDEXED: { - freereg(fs, e->u.s.aux); - freereg(fs, e->u.s.info); - e->u.s.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETTABLE, 0, e->u.s.info, e->u.s.aux); + OpCode op = OP_GETTABUP; /* assume 't' is in an upvalue */ + freereg(fs, e->u.ind.idx); + if (e->u.ind.vt == VLOCAL) { /* 't' is in a register? */ + freereg(fs, e->u.ind.t); + op = OP_GETTABLE; + } + e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, e->u.ind.t, e->u.ind.idx); e->k = VRELOCABLE; break; } @@ -347,16 +425,16 @@ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) { luaK_nil(fs, reg, 1); break; } - case VFALSE: case VTRUE: { + case VFALSE: case VTRUE: { luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADBOOL, reg, e->k == VTRUE, 0); break; } case VK: { - luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_LOADK, reg, e->u.s.info); + luaK_codek(fs, reg, e->u.info); break; } case VKNUM: { - luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_LOADK, reg, luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval)); + luaK_codek(fs, reg, luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval)); break; } case VRELOCABLE: { @@ -365,8 +443,8 @@ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) { break; } case VNONRELOC: { - if (reg != e->u.s.info) - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_MOVE, reg, e->u.s.info, 0); + if (reg != e->u.info) + luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_MOVE, reg, e->u.info, 0); break; } default: { @@ -374,7 +452,7 @@ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) { return; /* nothing to do... */ } } - e->u.s.info = reg; + e->u.info = reg; e->k = VNONRELOC; } @@ -390,7 +468,7 @@ static void discharge2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { static void exp2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) { discharge2reg(fs, e, reg); if (e->k == VJMP) - luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, e->u.s.info); /* put this jump in `t' list */ + luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, e->u.info); /* put this jump in `t' list */ if (hasjumps(e)) { int final; /* position after whole expression */ int p_f = NO_JUMP; /* position of an eventual LOAD false */ @@ -406,7 +484,7 @@ static void exp2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) { patchlistaux(fs, e->t, final, reg, p_t); } e->f = e->t = NO_JUMP; - e->u.s.info = reg; + e->u.info = reg; e->k = VNONRELOC; } @@ -422,14 +500,20 @@ void luaK_exp2nextreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { int luaK_exp2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { luaK_dischargevars(fs, e); if (e->k == VNONRELOC) { - if (!hasjumps(e)) return e->u.s.info; /* exp is already in a register */ - if (e->u.s.info >= fs->nactvar) { /* reg. is not a local? */ - exp2reg(fs, e, e->u.s.info); /* put value on it */ - return e->u.s.info; + if (!hasjumps(e)) return e->u.info; /* exp is already in a register */ + if (e->u.info >= fs->nactvar) { /* reg. is not a local? */ + exp2reg(fs, e, e->u.info); /* put value on it */ + return e->u.info; } } luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e); /* default */ - return e->u.s.info; + return e->u.info; +} + + +void luaK_exp2anyregup (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { + if (e->k != VUPVAL || hasjumps(e)) + luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e); } @@ -444,22 +528,24 @@ void luaK_exp2val (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { int luaK_exp2RK (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { luaK_exp2val(fs, e); switch (e->k) { - case VKNUM: case VTRUE: case VFALSE: case VNIL: { - if (fs->nk <= MAXINDEXRK) { /* constant fit in RK operand? */ - e->u.s.info = (e->k == VNIL) ? nilK(fs) : - (e->k == VKNUM) ? luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval) : - boolK(fs, (e->k == VTRUE)); + if (fs->nk <= MAXINDEXRK) { /* constant fits in RK operand? */ + e->u.info = (e->k == VNIL) ? nilK(fs) : boolK(fs, (e->k == VTRUE)); e->k = VK; - return RKASK(e->u.s.info); + return RKASK(e->u.info); } else break; } + case VKNUM: { + e->u.info = luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval); + e->k = VK; + /* go through */ + } case VK: { - if (e->u.s.info <= MAXINDEXRK) /* constant fit in argC? */ - return RKASK(e->u.s.info); + if (e->u.info <= MAXINDEXRK) /* constant fits in argC? */ + return RKASK(e->u.info); else break; } default: break; @@ -473,22 +559,18 @@ void luaK_storevar (FuncState *fs, expdesc *var, expdesc *ex) { switch (var->k) { case VLOCAL: { freeexp(fs, ex); - exp2reg(fs, ex, var->u.s.info); + exp2reg(fs, ex, var->u.info); return; } case VUPVAL: { int e = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, ex); - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETUPVAL, e, var->u.s.info, 0); - break; - } - case VGLOBAL: { - int e = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, ex); - luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_SETGLOBAL, e, var->u.s.info); + luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETUPVAL, e, var->u.info, 0); break; } case VINDEXED: { + OpCode op = (var->u.ind.vt == VLOCAL) ? OP_SETTABLE : OP_SETTABUP; int e = luaK_exp2RK(fs, ex); - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETTABLE, var->u.s.info, var->u.s.aux, e); + luaK_codeABC(fs, op, var->u.ind.t, var->u.ind.idx, e); break; } default: { @@ -501,20 +583,20 @@ void luaK_storevar (FuncState *fs, expdesc *var, expdesc *ex) { void luaK_self (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, expdesc *key) { - int func; + int ereg; luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e); + ereg = e->u.info; /* register where 'e' was placed */ freeexp(fs, e); - func = fs->freereg; - luaK_reserveregs(fs, 2); - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SELF, func, e->u.s.info, luaK_exp2RK(fs, key)); - freeexp(fs, key); - e->u.s.info = func; + e->u.info = fs->freereg; /* base register for op_self */ e->k = VNONRELOC; + luaK_reserveregs(fs, 2); /* function and 'self' produced by op_self */ + luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SELF, e->u.info, ereg, luaK_exp2RK(fs, key)); + freeexp(fs, key); } static void invertjump (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { - Instruction *pc = getjumpcontrol(fs, e->u.s.info); + Instruction *pc = getjumpcontrol(fs, e->u.info); lua_assert(testTMode(GET_OPCODE(*pc)) && GET_OPCODE(*pc) != OP_TESTSET && GET_OPCODE(*pc) != OP_TEST); SETARG_A(*pc, !(GETARG_A(*pc))); @@ -532,7 +614,7 @@ static int jumponcond (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int cond) { } discharge2anyreg(fs, e); freeexp(fs, e); - return condjump(fs, OP_TESTSET, NO_REG, e->u.s.info, cond); + return condjump(fs, OP_TESTSET, NO_REG, e->u.info, cond); } @@ -540,13 +622,13 @@ void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { int pc; /* pc of last jump */ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e); switch (e->k) { - case VK: case VKNUM: case VTRUE: { - pc = NO_JUMP; /* always true; do nothing */ - break; - } case VJMP: { invertjump(fs, e); - pc = e->u.s.info; + pc = e->u.info; + break; + } + case VK: case VKNUM: case VTRUE: { + pc = NO_JUMP; /* always true; do nothing */ break; } default: { @@ -560,16 +642,16 @@ void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { } -static void luaK_goiffalse (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { +void luaK_goiffalse (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { int pc; /* pc of last jump */ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e); switch (e->k) { - case VNIL: case VFALSE: { - pc = NO_JUMP; /* always false; do nothing */ + case VJMP: { + pc = e->u.info; break; } - case VJMP: { - pc = e->u.s.info; + case VNIL: case VFALSE: { + pc = NO_JUMP; /* always false; do nothing */ break; } default: { @@ -602,7 +684,7 @@ static void codenot (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { case VNONRELOC: { discharge2anyreg(fs, e); freeexp(fs, e); - e->u.s.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_NOT, 0, e->u.s.info, 0); + e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_NOT, 0, e->u.info, 0); e->k = VRELOCABLE; break; } @@ -619,38 +701,28 @@ static void codenot (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { void luaK_indexed (FuncState *fs, expdesc *t, expdesc *k) { - t->u.s.aux = luaK_exp2RK(fs, k); + lua_assert(!hasjumps(t)); + t->u.ind.t = t->u.info; + t->u.ind.idx = luaK_exp2RK(fs, k); + t->u.ind.vt = (t->k == VUPVAL) ? VUPVAL + : check_exp(vkisinreg(t->k), VLOCAL); t->k = VINDEXED; } static int constfolding (OpCode op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { - lua_Number v1, v2, r; + lua_Number r; if (!isnumeral(e1) || !isnumeral(e2)) return 0; - v1 = e1->u.nval; - v2 = e2->u.nval; - switch (op) { - case OP_ADD: r = luai_numadd(v1, v2); break; - case OP_SUB: r = luai_numsub(v1, v2); break; - case OP_MUL: r = luai_nummul(v1, v2); break; - case OP_DIV: - if (v2 == 0) return 0; /* do not attempt to divide by 0 */ - r = luai_numdiv(v1, v2); break; - case OP_MOD: - if (v2 == 0) return 0; /* do not attempt to divide by 0 */ - r = luai_nummod(v1, v2); break; - case OP_POW: r = luai_numpow(v1, v2); break; - case OP_UNM: r = luai_numunm(v1); break; - case OP_LEN: return 0; /* no constant folding for 'len' */ - default: lua_assert(0); r = 0; break; - } - if (luai_numisnan(r)) return 0; /* do not attempt to produce NaN */ + if ((op == OP_DIV || op == OP_MOD) && e2->u.nval == 0) + return 0; /* do not attempt to divide by 0 */ + r = luaO_arith(op - OP_ADD + LUA_OPADD, e1->u.nval, e2->u.nval); e1->u.nval = r; return 1; } -static void codearith (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { +static void codearith (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, + expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) { if (constfolding(op, e1, e2)) return; else { @@ -664,8 +736,9 @@ static void codearith (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { freeexp(fs, e2); freeexp(fs, e1); } - e1->u.s.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, o1, o2); + e1->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, o1, o2); e1->k = VRELOCABLE; + luaK_fixline(fs, line); } } @@ -681,25 +754,28 @@ static void codecomp (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, int cond, expdesc *e1, temp = o1; o1 = o2; o2 = temp; /* o1 <==> o2 */ cond = 1; } - e1->u.s.info = condjump(fs, op, cond, o1, o2); + e1->u.info = condjump(fs, op, cond, o1, o2); e1->k = VJMP; } -void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *e) { +void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *e, int line) { expdesc e2; e2.t = e2.f = NO_JUMP; e2.k = VKNUM; e2.u.nval = 0; switch (op) { case OPR_MINUS: { - if (!isnumeral(e)) - luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e); /* cannot operate on non-numeric constants */ - codearith(fs, OP_UNM, e, &e2); + if (isnumeral(e)) /* minus constant? */ + e->u.nval = luai_numunm(NULL, e->u.nval); /* fold it */ + else { + luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e); + codearith(fs, OP_UNM, e, &e2, line); + } break; } case OPR_NOT: codenot(fs, e); break; case OPR_LEN: { luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e); /* cannot operate on constants */ - codearith(fs, OP_LEN, e, &e2); + codearith(fs, OP_LEN, e, &e2, line); break; } default: lua_assert(0); @@ -734,7 +810,8 @@ void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v) { } -void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { +void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, + expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) { switch (op) { case OPR_AND: { lua_assert(e1->t == NO_JUMP); /* list must be closed */ @@ -753,29 +830,30 @@ void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { case OPR_CONCAT: { luaK_exp2val(fs, e2); if (e2->k == VRELOCABLE && GET_OPCODE(getcode(fs, e2)) == OP_CONCAT) { - lua_assert(e1->u.s.info == GETARG_B(getcode(fs, e2))-1); + lua_assert(e1->u.info == GETARG_B(getcode(fs, e2))-1); freeexp(fs, e1); - SETARG_B(getcode(fs, e2), e1->u.s.info); - e1->k = VRELOCABLE; e1->u.s.info = e2->u.s.info; + SETARG_B(getcode(fs, e2), e1->u.info); + e1->k = VRELOCABLE; e1->u.info = e2->u.info; } else { luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e2); /* operand must be on the 'stack' */ - codearith(fs, OP_CONCAT, e1, e2); + codearith(fs, OP_CONCAT, e1, e2, line); } break; } - case OPR_ADD: codearith(fs, OP_ADD, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_SUB: codearith(fs, OP_SUB, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_MUL: codearith(fs, OP_MUL, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_DIV: codearith(fs, OP_DIV, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_MOD: codearith(fs, OP_MOD, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_POW: codearith(fs, OP_POW, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_EQ: codecomp(fs, OP_EQ, 1, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_NE: codecomp(fs, OP_EQ, 0, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_LT: codecomp(fs, OP_LT, 1, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_LE: codecomp(fs, OP_LE, 1, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_GT: codecomp(fs, OP_LT, 0, e1, e2); break; - case OPR_GE: codecomp(fs, OP_LE, 0, e1, e2); break; + case OPR_ADD: case OPR_SUB: case OPR_MUL: case OPR_DIV: + case OPR_MOD: case OPR_POW: { + codearith(fs, cast(OpCode, op - OPR_ADD + OP_ADD), e1, e2, line); + break; + } + case OPR_EQ: case OPR_LT: case OPR_LE: { + codecomp(fs, cast(OpCode, op - OPR_EQ + OP_EQ), 1, e1, e2); + break; + } + case OPR_NE: case OPR_GT: case OPR_GE: { + codecomp(fs, cast(OpCode, op - OPR_NE + OP_EQ), 0, e1, e2); + break; + } default: lua_assert(0); } } @@ -786,46 +864,18 @@ void luaK_fixline (FuncState *fs, int line) { } -static int luaK_code (FuncState *fs, Instruction i, int line) { - Proto *f = fs->f; - dischargejpc(fs); /* `pc' will change */ - /* put new instruction in code array */ - luaM_growvector(fs->L, f->code, fs->pc, f->sizecode, Instruction, - MAX_INT, "code size overflow"); - f->code[fs->pc] = i; - /* save corresponding line information */ - luaM_growvector(fs->L, f->lineinfo, fs->pc, f->sizelineinfo, int, - MAX_INT, "code size overflow"); - f->lineinfo[fs->pc] = line; - return fs->pc++; -} - - -int luaK_codeABC (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, int b, int c) { - lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == iABC); - lua_assert(getBMode(o) != OpArgN || b == 0); - lua_assert(getCMode(o) != OpArgN || c == 0); - return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_ABC(o, a, b, c), fs->ls->lastline); -} - - -int luaK_codeABx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, unsigned int bc) { - lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == iABx || getOpMode(o) == iAsBx); - lua_assert(getCMode(o) == OpArgN); - return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_ABx(o, a, bc), fs->ls->lastline); -} - - void luaK_setlist (FuncState *fs, int base, int nelems, int tostore) { int c = (nelems - 1)/LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH + 1; int b = (tostore == LUA_MULTRET) ? 0 : tostore; lua_assert(tostore != 0); if (c <= MAXARG_C) luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETLIST, base, b, c); - else { + else if (c <= MAXARG_Ax) { luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETLIST, base, b, 0); - luaK_code(fs, cast(Instruction, c), fs->ls->lastline); + codeextraarg(fs, c); } + else + luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, "constructor too long"); fs->freereg = base + 1; /* free registers with list values */ } diff --git a/lua/src/lcode.h b/lua/src/lcode.h index b941c607..6a1424cf 100644 --- a/lua/src/lcode.h +++ b/lua/src/lcode.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lcode.h,v 1.48.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lcode.h,v 1.58.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Code generator for Lua ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ /* -** grep "ORDER OPR" if you change these enums +** grep "ORDER OPR" if you change these enums (ORDER OP) */ typedef enum BinOpr { OPR_ADD, OPR_SUB, OPR_MUL, OPR_DIV, OPR_MOD, OPR_POW, OPR_CONCAT, - OPR_NE, OPR_EQ, - OPR_LT, OPR_LE, OPR_GT, OPR_GE, + OPR_EQ, OPR_LT, OPR_LE, + OPR_NE, OPR_GT, OPR_GE, OPR_AND, OPR_OR, OPR_NOBINOPR } BinOpr; @@ -36,14 +36,17 @@ typedef enum BinOpr { typedef enum UnOpr { OPR_MINUS, OPR_NOT, OPR_LEN, OPR_NOUNOPR } UnOpr; -#define getcode(fs,e) ((fs)->f->code[(e)->u.s.info]) +#define getcode(fs,e) ((fs)->f->code[(e)->u.info]) #define luaK_codeAsBx(fs,o,A,sBx) luaK_codeABx(fs,o,A,(sBx)+MAXARG_sBx) #define luaK_setmultret(fs,e) luaK_setreturns(fs, e, LUA_MULTRET) +#define luaK_jumpto(fs,t) luaK_patchlist(fs, luaK_jump(fs), t) + LUAI_FUNC int luaK_codeABx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int A, unsigned int Bx); LUAI_FUNC int luaK_codeABC (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int A, int B, int C); +LUAI_FUNC int luaK_codek (FuncState *fs, int reg, int k); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_fixline (FuncState *fs, int line); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_nil (FuncState *fs, int from, int n); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_reserveregs (FuncState *fs, int n); @@ -52,12 +55,14 @@ LUAI_FUNC int luaK_stringK (FuncState *fs, TString *s); LUAI_FUNC int luaK_numberK (FuncState *fs, lua_Number r); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e); LUAI_FUNC int luaK_exp2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e); +LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2anyregup (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2nextreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2val (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e); LUAI_FUNC int luaK_exp2RK (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_self (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, expdesc *key); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_indexed (FuncState *fs, expdesc *t, expdesc *k); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e); +LUAI_FUNC void luaK_goiffalse (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_storevar (FuncState *fs, expdesc *var, expdesc *e); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setreturns (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int nresults); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setoneret (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e); @@ -65,11 +70,13 @@ LUAI_FUNC int luaK_jump (FuncState *fs); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_ret (FuncState *fs, int first, int nret); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_patchlist (FuncState *fs, int list, int target); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_patchtohere (FuncState *fs, int list); +LUAI_FUNC void luaK_patchclose (FuncState *fs, int list, int level); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_concat (FuncState *fs, int *l1, int l2); LUAI_FUNC int luaK_getlabel (FuncState *fs); -LUAI_FUNC void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *v); +LUAI_FUNC void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *v, int line); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v); -LUAI_FUNC void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v1, expdesc *v2); +LUAI_FUNC void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v1, + expdesc *v2, int line); LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setlist (FuncState *fs, int base, int nelems, int tostore); diff --git a/lua/src/lcorolib.c b/lua/src/lcorolib.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..ce4f6ad4 --- /dev/null +++ b/lua/src/lcorolib.c @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ +/* +** $Id: lcorolib.c,v 1.5.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ +** Coroutine Library +** See Copyright Notice in lua.h +*/ + + +#include + + +#define lcorolib_c +#define LUA_LIB + +#include "lua.h" + +#include "lauxlib.h" +#include "lualib.h" + + +static int auxresume (lua_State *L, lua_State *co, int narg) { + int status; + if (!lua_checkstack(co, narg)) { + lua_pushliteral(L, "too many arguments to resume"); + return -1; /* error flag */ + } + if (lua_status(co) == LUA_OK && lua_gettop(co) == 0) { + lua_pushliteral(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine"); + return -1; /* error flag */ + } + lua_xmove(L, co, narg); + status = lua_resume(co, L, narg); + if (status == LUA_OK || status == LUA_YIELD) { + int nres = lua_gettop(co); + if (!lua_checkstack(L, nres + 1)) { + lua_pop(co, nres); /* remove results anyway */ + lua_pushliteral(L, "too many results to resume"); + return -1; /* error flag */ + } + lua_xmove(co, L, nres); /* move yielded values */ + return nres; + } + else { + lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message */ + return -1; /* error flag */ + } +} + + +static int luaB_coresume (lua_State *L) { + lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, 1); + int r; + luaL_argcheck(L, co, 1, "coroutine expected"); + r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L) - 1); + if (r < 0) { + lua_pushboolean(L, 0); + lua_insert(L, -2); + return 2; /* return false + error message */ + } + else { + lua_pushboolean(L, 1); + lua_insert(L, -(r + 1)); + return r + 1; /* return true + `resume' returns */ + } +} + + +static int luaB_auxwrap (lua_State *L) { + lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); + int r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L)); + if (r < 0) { + if (lua_isstring(L, -1)) { /* error object is a string? */ + luaL_where(L, 1); /* add extra info */ + lua_insert(L, -2); + lua_concat(L, 2); + } + return lua_error(L); /* propagate error */ + } + return r; +} + + +static int luaB_cocreate (lua_State *L) { + lua_State *NL; + luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION); + NL = lua_newthread(L); + lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* move function to top */ + lua_xmove(L, NL, 1); /* move function from L to NL */ + return 1; +} + + +static int luaB_cowrap (lua_State *L) { + luaB_cocreate(L); + lua_pushcclosure(L, luaB_auxwrap, 1); + return 1; +} + + +static int luaB_yield (lua_State *L) { + return lua_yield(L, lua_gettop(L)); +} + + +static int luaB_costatus (lua_State *L) { + lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, 1); + luaL_argcheck(L, co, 1, "coroutine expected"); + if (L == co) lua_pushliteral(L, "running"); + else { + switch (lua_status(co)) { + case LUA_YIELD: + lua_pushliteral(L, "suspended"); + break; + case LUA_OK: { + lua_Debug ar; + if (lua_getstack(co, 0, &ar) > 0) /* does it have frames? */ + lua_pushliteral(L, "normal"); /* it is running */ + else if (lua_gettop(co) == 0) + lua_pushliteral(L, "dead"); + else + lua_pushliteral(L, "suspended"); /* initial state */ + break; + } + default: /* some error occurred */ + lua_pushliteral(L, "dead"); + break; + } + } + return 1; +} + + +static int luaB_corunning (lua_State *L) { + int ismain = lua_pushthread(L); + lua_pushboolean(L, ismain); + return 2; +} + + +static const luaL_Reg co_funcs[] = { + {"create", luaB_cocreate}, + {"resume", luaB_coresume}, + {"running", luaB_corunning}, + {"status", luaB_costatus}, + {"wrap", luaB_cowrap}, + {"yield", luaB_yield}, + {NULL, NULL} +}; + + + +LUAMOD_API int luaopen_coroutine (lua_State *L) { + luaL_newlib(L, co_funcs); + return 1; +} + diff --git a/lua/src/lctype.c b/lua/src/lctype.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..93f8cadc --- /dev/null +++ b/lua/src/lctype.c @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +/* +** $Id: lctype.c,v 1.11.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ +** 'ctype' functions for Lua +** See Copyright Notice in lua.h +*/ + +#define lctype_c +#define LUA_CORE + +#include "lctype.h" + +#if !LUA_USE_CTYPE /* { */ + +#include + +LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luai_ctype_[UCHAR_MAX + 2] = { + 0x00, /* EOZ */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0. */ + 0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 1. */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, + 0x0c, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, /* 2. */ + 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, + 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, /* 3. */ + 0x16, 0x16, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, + 0x04, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x05, /* 4. */ + 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, + 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, /* 5. */ + 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, + 0x04, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x05, /* 6. */ + 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, + 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, /* 7. */ + 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 8. */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 9. */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* a. */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* b. */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* c. */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* d. */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* e. */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* f. */ + 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, +}; + +#endif /* } */ diff --git a/lua/src/lctype.h b/lua/src/lctype.h new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b09b21a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/lua/src/lctype.h @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +/* +** $Id: lctype.h,v 1.12.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ +** 'ctype' functions for Lua +** See Copyright Notice in lua.h +*/ + +#ifndef lctype_h +#define lctype_h + +#include "lua.h" + + +/* +** WARNING: the functions defined here do not necessarily correspond +** to the similar functions in the standard C ctype.h. They are +** optimized for the specific needs of Lua +*/ + +#if !defined(LUA_USE_CTYPE) + +#if 'A' == 65 && '0' == 48 +/* ASCII case: can use its own tables; faster and fixed */ +#define LUA_USE_CTYPE 0 +#else +/* must use standard C ctype */ +#define LUA_USE_CTYPE 1 +#endif + +#endif + + +#if !LUA_USE_CTYPE /* { */ + +#include + +#include "llimits.h" + + +#define ALPHABIT 0 +#define DIGITBIT 1 +#define PRINTBIT 2 +#define SPACEBIT 3 +#define XDIGITBIT 4 + + +#define MASK(B) (1 << (B)) + + +/* +** add 1 to char to allow index -1 (EOZ) +*/ +#define testprop(c,p) (luai_ctype_[(c)+1] & (p)) + +/* +** 'lalpha' (Lua alphabetic) and 'lalnum' (Lua alphanumeric) both include '_' +*/ +#define lislalpha(c) testprop(c, MASK(ALPHABIT)) +#define lislalnum(c) testprop(c, (MASK(ALPHABIT) | MASK(DIGITBIT))) +#define lisdigit(c) testprop(c, MASK(DIGITBIT)) +#define lisspace(c) testprop(c, MASK(SPACEBIT)) +#define lisprint(c) testprop(c, MASK(PRINTBIT)) +#define lisxdigit(c) testprop(c, MASK(XDIGITBIT)) + +/* +** this 'ltolower' only works for alphabetic characters +*/ +#define ltolower(c) ((c) | ('A' ^ 'a')) + + +/* two more entries for 0 and -1 (EOZ) */ +LUAI_DDEC const lu_byte luai_ctype_[UCHAR_MAX + 2]; + + +#else /* }{ */ + +/* +** use standard C ctypes +*/ + +#include + + +#define lislalpha(c) (isalpha(c) || (c) == '_') +#define lislalnum(c) (isalnum(c) || (c) == '_') +#define lisdigit(c) (isdigit(c)) +#define lisspace(c) (isspace(c)) +#define lisprint(c) (isprint(c)) +#define lisxdigit(c) (isxdigit(c)) + +#define ltolower(c) (tolower(c)) + +#endif /* } */ + +#endif + diff --git a/lua/src/ldblib.c b/lua/src/ldblib.c index 2027eda5..84fe3c7d 100644 --- a/lua/src/ldblib.c +++ b/lua/src/ldblib.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ldblib.c,v 1.104.1.4 2009/08/04 18:50:18 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ldblib.c,v 1.132.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Interface from Lua to its debug API ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ #include "lualib.h" +#define HOOKKEY "_HKEY" + + static int db_getregistry (lua_State *L) { lua_pushvalue(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX); @@ -39,24 +42,28 @@ static int db_setmetatable (lua_State *L) { luaL_argcheck(L, t == LUA_TNIL || t == LUA_TTABLE, 2, "nil or table expected"); lua_settop(L, 2); - lua_pushboolean(L, lua_setmetatable(L, 1)); + lua_setmetatable(L, 1); + return 1; /* return 1st argument */ +} + + +static int db_getuservalue (lua_State *L) { + if (lua_type(L, 1) != LUA_TUSERDATA) + lua_pushnil(L); + else + lua_getuservalue(L, 1); return 1; } -static int db_getfenv (lua_State *L) { - luaL_checkany(L, 1); - lua_getfenv(L, 1); - return 1; -} - - -static int db_setfenv (lua_State *L) { - luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TTABLE); +static int db_setuservalue (lua_State *L) { + if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA) + luaL_argerror(L, 1, "full userdata expected, got light userdata"); + luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TUSERDATA); + if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 2)) + luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TTABLE); lua_settop(L, 2); - if (lua_setfenv(L, 1) == 0) - luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("setfenv") - " cannot change environment of given object"); + lua_setuservalue(L, 1); return 1; } @@ -73,6 +80,12 @@ static void settabsi (lua_State *L, const char *i, int v) { } +static void settabsb (lua_State *L, const char *i, int v) { + lua_pushboolean(L, v); + lua_setfield(L, -2, i); +} + + static lua_State *getthread (lua_State *L, int *arg) { if (lua_isthread(L, 1)) { *arg = 1; @@ -100,7 +113,7 @@ static int db_getinfo (lua_State *L) { lua_Debug ar; int arg; lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg); - const char *options = luaL_optstring(L, arg+2, "flnSu"); + const char *options = luaL_optstring(L, arg+2, "flnStu"); if (lua_isnumber(L, arg+1)) { if (!lua_getstack(L1, (int)lua_tointeger(L, arg+1), &ar)) { lua_pushnil(L); /* level out of range */ @@ -127,38 +140,51 @@ static int db_getinfo (lua_State *L) { } if (strchr(options, 'l')) settabsi(L, "currentline", ar.currentline); - if (strchr(options, 'u')) + if (strchr(options, 'u')) { settabsi(L, "nups", ar.nups); + settabsi(L, "nparams", ar.nparams); + settabsb(L, "isvararg", ar.isvararg); + } if (strchr(options, 'n')) { settabss(L, "name", ar.name); settabss(L, "namewhat", ar.namewhat); } + if (strchr(options, 't')) + settabsb(L, "istailcall", ar.istailcall); if (strchr(options, 'L')) treatstackoption(L, L1, "activelines"); if (strchr(options, 'f')) treatstackoption(L, L1, "func"); return 1; /* return table */ } - + static int db_getlocal (lua_State *L) { int arg; lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg); lua_Debug ar; const char *name; - if (!lua_getstack(L1, luaL_checkint(L, arg+1), &ar)) /* out of range? */ - return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range"); - name = lua_getlocal(L1, &ar, luaL_checkint(L, arg+2)); - if (name) { - lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); - lua_pushstring(L, name); - lua_pushvalue(L, -2); - return 2; - } - else { - lua_pushnil(L); + int nvar = luaL_checkint(L, arg+2); /* local-variable index */ + if (lua_isfunction(L, arg + 1)) { /* function argument? */ + lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* push function */ + lua_pushstring(L, lua_getlocal(L, NULL, nvar)); /* push local name */ return 1; } + else { /* stack-level argument */ + if (!lua_getstack(L1, luaL_checkint(L, arg+1), &ar)) /* out of range? */ + return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range"); + name = lua_getlocal(L1, &ar, nvar); + if (name) { + lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); /* push local value */ + lua_pushstring(L, name); /* push name */ + lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* re-order */ + return 2; + } + else { + lua_pushnil(L); /* no name (nor value) */ + return 1; + } + } } @@ -180,7 +206,6 @@ static int auxupvalue (lua_State *L, int get) { const char *name; int n = luaL_checkint(L, 2); luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION); - if (lua_iscfunction(L, 1)) return 0; /* cannot touch C upvalues from Lua */ name = get ? lua_getupvalue(L, 1, n) : lua_setupvalue(L, 1, n); if (name == NULL) return 0; lua_pushstring(L, name); @@ -200,16 +225,42 @@ static int db_setupvalue (lua_State *L) { } +static int checkupval (lua_State *L, int argf, int argnup) { + lua_Debug ar; + int nup = luaL_checkint(L, argnup); + luaL_checktype(L, argf, LUA_TFUNCTION); + lua_pushvalue(L, argf); + lua_getinfo(L, ">u", &ar); + luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= nup && nup <= ar.nups, argnup, "invalid upvalue index"); + return nup; +} -static const char KEY_HOOK = 'h'; + +static int db_upvalueid (lua_State *L) { + int n = checkupval(L, 1, 2); + lua_pushlightuserdata(L, lua_upvalueid(L, 1, n)); + return 1; +} + + +static int db_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L) { + int n1 = checkupval(L, 1, 2); + int n2 = checkupval(L, 3, 4); + luaL_argcheck(L, !lua_iscfunction(L, 1), 1, "Lua function expected"); + luaL_argcheck(L, !lua_iscfunction(L, 3), 3, "Lua function expected"); + lua_upvaluejoin(L, 1, n1, 3, n2); + return 0; +} + + +#define gethooktable(L) luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, HOOKKEY) static void hookf (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) { static const char *const hooknames[] = - {"call", "return", "line", "count", "tail return"}; - lua_pushlightuserdata(L, (void *)&KEY_HOOK); - lua_rawget(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX); - lua_pushlightuserdata(L, L); + {"call", "return", "line", "count", "tail call"}; + gethooktable(L); + lua_pushthread(L); lua_rawget(L, -2); if (lua_isfunction(L, -1)) { lua_pushstring(L, hooknames[(int)ar->event]); @@ -242,19 +293,6 @@ static char *unmakemask (int mask, char *smask) { } -static void gethooktable (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushlightuserdata(L, (void *)&KEY_HOOK); - lua_rawget(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX); - if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) { - lua_pop(L, 1); - lua_createtable(L, 0, 1); - lua_pushlightuserdata(L, (void *)&KEY_HOOK); - lua_pushvalue(L, -2); - lua_rawset(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX); - } -} - - static int db_sethook (lua_State *L) { int arg, mask, count; lua_Hook func; @@ -269,11 +307,15 @@ static int db_sethook (lua_State *L) { count = luaL_optint(L, arg+3, 0); func = hookf; mask = makemask(smask, count); } - gethooktable(L); - lua_pushlightuserdata(L, L1); + if (gethooktable(L) == 0) { /* creating hook table? */ + lua_pushstring(L, "k"); + lua_setfield(L, -2, "__mode"); /** hooktable.__mode = "k" */ + lua_pushvalue(L, -1); + lua_setmetatable(L, -2); /* setmetatable(hooktable) = hooktable */ + } + lua_pushthread(L1); lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); lua_pushvalue(L, arg+1); lua_rawset(L, -3); /* set new hook */ - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove hook table */ lua_sethook(L1, func, mask, count); /* set hooks */ return 0; } @@ -289,7 +331,7 @@ static int db_gethook (lua_State *L) { lua_pushliteral(L, "external hook"); else { gethooktable(L); - lua_pushlightuserdata(L, L1); + lua_pushthread(L1); lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); lua_rawget(L, -2); /* get hook */ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove hook table */ } @@ -302,97 +344,55 @@ static int db_gethook (lua_State *L) { static int db_debug (lua_State *L) { for (;;) { char buffer[250]; - fputs("lua_debug> ", stderr); + luai_writestringerror("%s", "lua_debug> "); if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin) == 0 || strcmp(buffer, "cont\n") == 0) return 0; if (luaL_loadbuffer(L, buffer, strlen(buffer), "=(debug command)") || - lua_pcall(L, 0, 0, 0)) { - fputs(lua_tostring(L, -1), stderr); - fputs("\n", stderr); - } + lua_pcall(L, 0, 0, 0)) + luai_writestringerror("%s\n", lua_tostring(L, -1)); lua_settop(L, 0); /* remove eventual returns */ } } -#define LEVELS1 12 /* size of the first part of the stack */ -#define LEVELS2 10 /* size of the second part of the stack */ - -static int db_errorfb (lua_State *L) { - int level; - int firstpart = 1; /* still before eventual `...' */ +static int db_traceback (lua_State *L) { int arg; lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg); - lua_Debug ar; - if (lua_isnumber(L, arg+2)) { - level = (int)lua_tointeger(L, arg+2); - lua_pop(L, 1); + const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, arg + 1); + if (msg == NULL && !lua_isnoneornil(L, arg + 1)) /* non-string 'msg'? */ + lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* return it untouched */ + else { + int level = luaL_optint(L, arg + 2, (L == L1) ? 1 : 0); + luaL_traceback(L, L1, msg, level); } - else - level = (L == L1) ? 1 : 0; /* level 0 may be this own function */ - if (lua_gettop(L) == arg) - lua_pushliteral(L, ""); - else if (!lua_isstring(L, arg+1)) return 1; /* message is not a string */ - else lua_pushliteral(L, "\n"); - lua_pushliteral(L, "stack traceback:"); - while (lua_getstack(L1, level++, &ar)) { - if (level > LEVELS1 && firstpart) { - /* no more than `LEVELS2' more levels? */ - if (!lua_getstack(L1, level+LEVELS2, &ar)) - level--; /* keep going */ - else { - lua_pushliteral(L, "\n\t..."); /* too many levels */ - while (lua_getstack(L1, level+LEVELS2, &ar)) /* find last levels */ - level++; - } - firstpart = 0; - continue; - } - lua_pushliteral(L, "\n\t"); - lua_getinfo(L1, "Snl", &ar); - lua_pushfstring(L, "%s:", ar.short_src); - if (ar.currentline > 0) - lua_pushfstring(L, "%d:", ar.currentline); - if (*ar.namewhat != '\0') /* is there a name? */ - lua_pushfstring(L, " in function " LUA_QS, ar.name); - else { - if (*ar.what == 'm') /* main? */ - lua_pushfstring(L, " in main chunk"); - else if (*ar.what == 'C' || *ar.what == 't') - lua_pushliteral(L, " ?"); /* C function or tail call */ - else - lua_pushfstring(L, " in function <%s:%d>", - ar.short_src, ar.linedefined); - } - lua_concat(L, lua_gettop(L) - arg); - } - lua_concat(L, lua_gettop(L) - arg); return 1; } static const luaL_Reg dblib[] = { {"debug", db_debug}, - {"getfenv", db_getfenv}, + {"getuservalue", db_getuservalue}, {"gethook", db_gethook}, {"getinfo", db_getinfo}, {"getlocal", db_getlocal}, {"getregistry", db_getregistry}, {"getmetatable", db_getmetatable}, {"getupvalue", db_getupvalue}, - {"setfenv", db_setfenv}, + {"upvaluejoin", db_upvaluejoin}, + {"upvalueid", db_upvalueid}, + {"setuservalue", db_setuservalue}, {"sethook", db_sethook}, {"setlocal", db_setlocal}, {"setmetatable", db_setmetatable}, {"setupvalue", db_setupvalue}, - {"traceback", db_errorfb}, + {"traceback", db_traceback}, {NULL, NULL} }; -LUALIB_API int luaopen_debug (lua_State *L) { - luaL_register(L, LUA_DBLIBNAME, dblib); +LUAMOD_API int luaopen_debug (lua_State *L) { + luaL_newlib(L, dblib); return 1; } diff --git a/lua/src/ldebug.c b/lua/src/ldebug.c index 50ad3d38..20d663ef 100644 --- a/lua/src/ldebug.c +++ b/lua/src/ldebug.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ldebug.c,v 2.29.1.6 2008/05/08 16:56:26 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ldebug.c,v 2.90.1.3 2013/05/16 16:04:15 roberto Exp $ ** Debug Interface ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -30,23 +30,20 @@ +#define noLuaClosure(f) ((f) == NULL || (f)->c.tt == LUA_TCCL) + + static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name); -static int currentpc (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { - if (!isLua(ci)) return -1; /* function is not a Lua function? */ - if (ci == L->ci) - ci->savedpc = L->savedpc; - return pcRel(ci->savedpc, ci_func(ci)->l.p); +static int currentpc (CallInfo *ci) { + lua_assert(isLua(ci)); + return pcRel(ci->u.l.savedpc, ci_func(ci)->p); } -static int currentline (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { - int pc = currentpc(L, ci); - if (pc < 0) - return -1; /* only active lua functions have current-line information */ - else - return getline(ci_func(ci)->l.p, pc); +static int currentline (CallInfo *ci) { + return getfuncline(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci)); } @@ -58,6 +55,8 @@ LUA_API int lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count) { mask = 0; func = NULL; } + if (isLua(L->ci)) + L->oldpc = L->ci->u.l.savedpc; L->hook = func; L->basehookcount = count; resethookcount(L); @@ -84,19 +83,13 @@ LUA_API int lua_gethookcount (lua_State *L) { LUA_API int lua_getstack (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar) { int status; CallInfo *ci; + if (level < 0) return 0; /* invalid (negative) level */ lua_lock(L); - for (ci = L->ci; level > 0 && ci > L->base_ci; ci--) { + for (ci = L->ci; level > 0 && ci != &L->base_ci; ci = ci->previous) level--; - if (f_isLua(ci)) /* Lua function? */ - level -= ci->tailcalls; /* skip lost tail calls */ - } - if (level == 0 && ci > L->base_ci) { /* level found? */ + if (level == 0 && ci != &L->base_ci) { /* level found? */ status = 1; - ar->i_ci = cast_int(ci - L->base_ci); - } - else if (level < 0) { /* level is of a lost tail call? */ - status = 1; - ar->i_ci = 0; + ar->i_ci = ci; } else status = 0; /* no such level */ lua_unlock(L); @@ -104,43 +97,78 @@ LUA_API int lua_getstack (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar) { } -static Proto *getluaproto (CallInfo *ci) { - return (isLua(ci) ? ci_func(ci)->l.p : NULL); +static const char *upvalname (Proto *p, int uv) { + TString *s = check_exp(uv < p->sizeupvalues, p->upvalues[uv].name); + if (s == NULL) return "?"; + else return getstr(s); } -static const char *findlocal (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int n) { - const char *name; - Proto *fp = getluaproto(ci); - if (fp && (name = luaF_getlocalname(fp, n, currentpc(L, ci))) != NULL) - return name; /* is a local variable in a Lua function */ +static const char *findvararg (CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos) { + int nparams = clLvalue(ci->func)->p->numparams; + if (n >= ci->u.l.base - ci->func - nparams) + return NULL; /* no such vararg */ else { - StkId limit = (ci == L->ci) ? L->top : (ci+1)->func; - if (limit - ci->base >= n && n > 0) /* is 'n' inside 'ci' stack? */ - return "(*temporary)"; - else - return NULL; + *pos = ci->func + nparams + n; + return "(*vararg)"; /* generic name for any vararg */ } } +static const char *findlocal (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int n, + StkId *pos) { + const char *name = NULL; + StkId base; + if (isLua(ci)) { + if (n < 0) /* access to vararg values? */ + return findvararg(ci, -n, pos); + else { + base = ci->u.l.base; + name = luaF_getlocalname(ci_func(ci)->p, n, currentpc(ci)); + } + } + else + base = ci->func + 1; + if (name == NULL) { /* no 'standard' name? */ + StkId limit = (ci == L->ci) ? L->top : ci->next->func; + if (limit - base >= n && n > 0) /* is 'n' inside 'ci' stack? */ + name = "(*temporary)"; /* generic name for any valid slot */ + else + return NULL; /* no name */ + } + *pos = base + (n - 1); + return name; +} + + LUA_API const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) { - CallInfo *ci = L->base_ci + ar->i_ci; - const char *name = findlocal(L, ci, n); + const char *name; lua_lock(L); - if (name) - luaA_pushobject(L, ci->base + (n - 1)); + if (ar == NULL) { /* information about non-active function? */ + if (!isLfunction(L->top - 1)) /* not a Lua function? */ + name = NULL; + else /* consider live variables at function start (parameters) */ + name = luaF_getlocalname(clLvalue(L->top - 1)->p, n, 0); + } + else { /* active function; get information through 'ar' */ + StkId pos = 0; /* to avoid warnings */ + name = findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos); + if (name) { + setobj2s(L, L->top, pos); + api_incr_top(L); + } + } lua_unlock(L); return name; } LUA_API const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) { - CallInfo *ci = L->base_ci + ar->i_ci; - const char *name = findlocal(L, ci, n); + StkId pos = 0; /* to avoid warnings */ + const char *name = findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos); lua_lock(L); if (name) - setobjs2s(L, ci->base + (n - 1), L->top - 1); + setobjs2s(L, pos, L->top - 1); L->top--; /* pop value */ lua_unlock(L); return name; @@ -148,55 +176,45 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) { static void funcinfo (lua_Debug *ar, Closure *cl) { - if (cl->c.isC) { + if (noLuaClosure(cl)) { ar->source = "=[C]"; ar->linedefined = -1; ar->lastlinedefined = -1; ar->what = "C"; } else { - ar->source = getstr(cl->l.p->source); - ar->linedefined = cl->l.p->linedefined; - ar->lastlinedefined = cl->l.p->lastlinedefined; + Proto *p = cl->l.p; + ar->source = p->source ? getstr(p->source) : "=?"; + ar->linedefined = p->linedefined; + ar->lastlinedefined = p->lastlinedefined; ar->what = (ar->linedefined == 0) ? "main" : "Lua"; } luaO_chunkid(ar->short_src, ar->source, LUA_IDSIZE); } -static void info_tailcall (lua_Debug *ar) { - ar->name = ar->namewhat = ""; - ar->what = "tail"; - ar->lastlinedefined = ar->linedefined = ar->currentline = -1; - ar->source = "=(tail call)"; - luaO_chunkid(ar->short_src, ar->source, LUA_IDSIZE); - ar->nups = 0; -} - - static void collectvalidlines (lua_State *L, Closure *f) { - if (f == NULL || f->c.isC) { + if (noLuaClosure(f)) { setnilvalue(L->top); + api_incr_top(L); } else { - Table *t = luaH_new(L, 0, 0); - int *lineinfo = f->l.p->lineinfo; int i; - for (i=0; il.p->sizelineinfo; i++) - setbvalue(luaH_setnum(L, t, lineinfo[i]), 1); - sethvalue(L, L->top, t); + TValue v; + int *lineinfo = f->l.p->lineinfo; + Table *t = luaH_new(L); /* new table to store active lines */ + sethvalue(L, L->top, t); /* push it on stack */ + api_incr_top(L); + setbvalue(&v, 1); /* boolean 'true' to be the value of all indices */ + for (i = 0; i < f->l.p->sizelineinfo; i++) /* for all lines with code */ + luaH_setint(L, t, lineinfo[i], &v); /* table[line] = true */ } - incr_top(L); } static int auxgetinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar, - Closure *f, CallInfo *ci) { + Closure *f, CallInfo *ci) { int status = 1; - if (f == NULL) { - info_tailcall(ar); - return status; - } for (; *what; what++) { switch (*what) { case 'S': { @@ -204,15 +222,31 @@ static int auxgetinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar, break; } case 'l': { - ar->currentline = (ci) ? currentline(L, ci) : -1; + ar->currentline = (ci && isLua(ci)) ? currentline(ci) : -1; break; } case 'u': { - ar->nups = f->c.nupvalues; + ar->nups = (f == NULL) ? 0 : f->c.nupvalues; + if (noLuaClosure(f)) { + ar->isvararg = 1; + ar->nparams = 0; + } + else { + ar->isvararg = f->l.p->is_vararg; + ar->nparams = f->l.p->numparams; + } + break; + } + case 't': { + ar->istailcall = (ci) ? ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL : 0; break; } case 'n': { - ar->namewhat = (ci) ? getfuncname(L, ci, &ar->name) : NULL; + /* calling function is a known Lua function? */ + if (ci && !(ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL) && isLua(ci->previous)) + ar->namewhat = getfuncname(L, ci->previous, &ar->name); + else + ar->namewhat = NULL; if (ar->namewhat == NULL) { ar->namewhat = ""; /* not found */ ar->name = NULL; @@ -231,29 +265,30 @@ static int auxgetinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar, LUA_API int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar) { int status; - Closure *f = NULL; - CallInfo *ci = NULL; + Closure *cl; + CallInfo *ci; + StkId func; lua_lock(L); if (*what == '>') { - StkId func = L->top - 1; - luai_apicheck(L, ttisfunction(func)); + ci = NULL; + func = L->top - 1; + api_check(L, ttisfunction(func), "function expected"); what++; /* skip the '>' */ - f = clvalue(func); L->top--; /* pop function */ } - else if (ar->i_ci != 0) { /* no tail call? */ - ci = L->base_ci + ar->i_ci; + else { + ci = ar->i_ci; + func = ci->func; lua_assert(ttisfunction(ci->func)); - f = clvalue(ci->func); } - status = auxgetinfo(L, what, ar, f, ci); + cl = ttisclosure(func) ? clvalue(func) : NULL; + status = auxgetinfo(L, what, ar, cl, ci); if (strchr(what, 'f')) { - if (f == NULL) setnilvalue(L->top); - else setclvalue(L, L->top, f); - incr_top(L); + setobjs2s(L, L->top, func); + api_incr_top(L); } if (strchr(what, 'L')) - collectvalidlines(L, f); + collectvalidlines(L, cl); lua_unlock(L); return status; } @@ -261,315 +296,231 @@ LUA_API int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar) { /* ** {====================================================== -** Symbolic Execution and code checker +** Symbolic Execution ** ======================================================= */ -#define check(x) if (!(x)) return 0; - -#define checkjump(pt,pc) check(0 <= pc && pc < pt->sizecode) - -#define checkreg(pt,reg) check((reg) < (pt)->maxstacksize) +static const char *getobjname (Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg, + const char **name); - -static int precheck (const Proto *pt) { - check(pt->maxstacksize <= MAXSTACK); - check(pt->numparams+(pt->is_vararg & VARARG_HASARG) <= pt->maxstacksize); - check(!(pt->is_vararg & VARARG_NEEDSARG) || - (pt->is_vararg & VARARG_HASARG)); - check(pt->sizeupvalues <= pt->nups); - check(pt->sizelineinfo == pt->sizecode || pt->sizelineinfo == 0); - check(pt->sizecode > 0 && GET_OPCODE(pt->code[pt->sizecode-1]) == OP_RETURN); - return 1; -} - - -#define checkopenop(pt,pc) luaG_checkopenop((pt)->code[(pc)+1]) - -int luaG_checkopenop (Instruction i) { - switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) { - case OP_CALL: - case OP_TAILCALL: - case OP_RETURN: - case OP_SETLIST: { - check(GETARG_B(i) == 0); - return 1; +/* +** find a "name" for the RK value 'c' +*/ +static void kname (Proto *p, int pc, int c, const char **name) { + if (ISK(c)) { /* is 'c' a constant? */ + TValue *kvalue = &p->k[INDEXK(c)]; + if (ttisstring(kvalue)) { /* literal constant? */ + *name = svalue(kvalue); /* it is its own name */ + return; } - default: return 0; /* invalid instruction after an open call */ + /* else no reasonable name found */ } + else { /* 'c' is a register */ + const char *what = getobjname(p, pc, c, name); /* search for 'c' */ + if (what && *what == 'c') { /* found a constant name? */ + return; /* 'name' already filled */ + } + /* else no reasonable name found */ + } + *name = "?"; /* no reasonable name found */ } -static int checkArgMode (const Proto *pt, int r, enum OpArgMask mode) { - switch (mode) { - case OpArgN: check(r == 0); break; - case OpArgU: break; - case OpArgR: checkreg(pt, r); break; - case OpArgK: - check(ISK(r) ? INDEXK(r) < pt->sizek : r < pt->maxstacksize); - break; - } - return 1; +static int filterpc (int pc, int jmptarget) { + if (pc < jmptarget) /* is code conditional (inside a jump)? */ + return -1; /* cannot know who sets that register */ + else return pc; /* current position sets that register */ } -static Instruction symbexec (const Proto *pt, int lastpc, int reg) { +/* +** try to find last instruction before 'lastpc' that modified register 'reg' +*/ +static int findsetreg (Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg) { int pc; - int last; /* stores position of last instruction that changed `reg' */ - last = pt->sizecode-1; /* points to final return (a `neutral' instruction) */ - check(precheck(pt)); + int setreg = -1; /* keep last instruction that changed 'reg' */ + int jmptarget = 0; /* any code before this address is conditional */ for (pc = 0; pc < lastpc; pc++) { - Instruction i = pt->code[pc]; + Instruction i = p->code[pc]; OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(i); int a = GETARG_A(i); - int b = 0; - int c = 0; - check(op < NUM_OPCODES); - checkreg(pt, a); - switch (getOpMode(op)) { - case iABC: { - b = GETARG_B(i); - c = GETARG_C(i); - check(checkArgMode(pt, b, getBMode(op))); - check(checkArgMode(pt, c, getCMode(op))); - break; - } - case iABx: { - b = GETARG_Bx(i); - if (getBMode(op) == OpArgK) check(b < pt->sizek); - break; - } - case iAsBx: { - b = GETARG_sBx(i); - if (getBMode(op) == OpArgR) { - int dest = pc+1+b; - check(0 <= dest && dest < pt->sizecode); - if (dest > 0) { - int j; - /* check that it does not jump to a setlist count; this - is tricky, because the count from a previous setlist may - have the same value of an invalid setlist; so, we must - go all the way back to the first of them (if any) */ - for (j = 0; j < dest; j++) { - Instruction d = pt->code[dest-1-j]; - if (!(GET_OPCODE(d) == OP_SETLIST && GETARG_C(d) == 0)) break; - } - /* if 'j' is even, previous value is not a setlist (even if - it looks like one) */ - check((j&1) == 0); - } - } - break; - } - } - if (testAMode(op)) { - if (a == reg) last = pc; /* change register `a' */ - } - if (testTMode(op)) { - check(pc+2 < pt->sizecode); /* check skip */ - check(GET_OPCODE(pt->code[pc+1]) == OP_JMP); - } switch (op) { - case OP_LOADBOOL: { - if (c == 1) { /* does it jump? */ - check(pc+2 < pt->sizecode); /* check its jump */ - check(GET_OPCODE(pt->code[pc+1]) != OP_SETLIST || - GETARG_C(pt->code[pc+1]) != 0); - } - break; - } case OP_LOADNIL: { - if (a <= reg && reg <= b) - last = pc; /* set registers from `a' to `b' */ + int b = GETARG_B(i); + if (a <= reg && reg <= a + b) /* set registers from 'a' to 'a+b' */ + setreg = filterpc(pc, jmptarget); break; } - case OP_GETUPVAL: - case OP_SETUPVAL: { - check(b < pt->nups); - break; - } - case OP_GETGLOBAL: - case OP_SETGLOBAL: { - check(ttisstring(&pt->k[b])); - break; - } - case OP_SELF: { - checkreg(pt, a+1); - if (reg == a+1) last = pc; - break; - } - case OP_CONCAT: { - check(b < c); /* at least two operands */ - break; - } - case OP_TFORLOOP: { - check(c >= 1); /* at least one result (control variable) */ - checkreg(pt, a+2+c); /* space for results */ - if (reg >= a+2) last = pc; /* affect all regs above its base */ - break; - } - case OP_FORLOOP: - case OP_FORPREP: - checkreg(pt, a+3); - /* go through */ - case OP_JMP: { - int dest = pc+1+b; - /* not full check and jump is forward and do not skip `lastpc'? */ - if (reg != NO_REG && pc < dest && dest <= lastpc) - pc += b; /* do the jump */ + case OP_TFORCALL: { + if (reg >= a + 2) /* affect all regs above its base */ + setreg = filterpc(pc, jmptarget); break; } case OP_CALL: case OP_TAILCALL: { - if (b != 0) { - checkreg(pt, a+b-1); - } - c--; /* c = num. returns */ - if (c == LUA_MULTRET) { - check(checkopenop(pt, pc)); - } - else if (c != 0) - checkreg(pt, a+c-1); - if (reg >= a) last = pc; /* affect all registers above base */ + if (reg >= a) /* affect all registers above base */ + setreg = filterpc(pc, jmptarget); break; } - case OP_RETURN: { - b--; /* b = num. returns */ - if (b > 0) checkreg(pt, a+b-1); - break; - } - case OP_SETLIST: { - if (b > 0) checkreg(pt, a + b); - if (c == 0) { - pc++; - check(pc < pt->sizecode - 1); + case OP_JMP: { + int b = GETARG_sBx(i); + int dest = pc + 1 + b; + /* jump is forward and do not skip `lastpc'? */ + if (pc < dest && dest <= lastpc) { + if (dest > jmptarget) + jmptarget = dest; /* update 'jmptarget' */ } break; } - case OP_CLOSURE: { - int nup, j; - check(b < pt->sizep); - nup = pt->p[b]->nups; - check(pc + nup < pt->sizecode); - for (j = 1; j <= nup; j++) { - OpCode op1 = GET_OPCODE(pt->code[pc + j]); - check(op1 == OP_GETUPVAL || op1 == OP_MOVE); - } - if (reg != NO_REG) /* tracing? */ - pc += nup; /* do not 'execute' these pseudo-instructions */ + case OP_TEST: { + if (reg == a) /* jumped code can change 'a' */ + setreg = filterpc(pc, jmptarget); break; } - case OP_VARARG: { - check((pt->is_vararg & VARARG_ISVARARG) && - !(pt->is_vararg & VARARG_NEEDSARG)); - b--; - if (b == LUA_MULTRET) check(checkopenop(pt, pc)); - checkreg(pt, a+b-1); + default: + if (testAMode(op) && reg == a) /* any instruction that set A */ + setreg = filterpc(pc, jmptarget); break; - } - default: break; } } - return pt->code[last]; -} - -#undef check -#undef checkjump -#undef checkreg - -/* }====================================================== */ - - -int luaG_checkcode (const Proto *pt) { - return (symbexec(pt, pt->sizecode, NO_REG) != 0); + return setreg; } -static const char *kname (Proto *p, int c) { - if (ISK(c) && ttisstring(&p->k[INDEXK(c)])) - return svalue(&p->k[INDEXK(c)]); - else - return "?"; -} - - -static const char *getobjname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int stackpos, +static const char *getobjname (Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg, const char **name) { - if (isLua(ci)) { /* a Lua function? */ - Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->l.p; - int pc = currentpc(L, ci); - Instruction i; - *name = luaF_getlocalname(p, stackpos+1, pc); - if (*name) /* is a local? */ - return "local"; - i = symbexec(p, pc, stackpos); /* try symbolic execution */ - lua_assert(pc != -1); - switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) { - case OP_GETGLOBAL: { - int g = GETARG_Bx(i); /* global index */ - lua_assert(ttisstring(&p->k[g])); - *name = svalue(&p->k[g]); - return "global"; - } + int pc; + *name = luaF_getlocalname(p, reg + 1, lastpc); + if (*name) /* is a local? */ + return "local"; + /* else try symbolic execution */ + pc = findsetreg(p, lastpc, reg); + if (pc != -1) { /* could find instruction? */ + Instruction i = p->code[pc]; + OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(i); + switch (op) { case OP_MOVE: { - int a = GETARG_A(i); - int b = GETARG_B(i); /* move from `b' to `a' */ - if (b < a) - return getobjname(L, ci, b, name); /* get name for `b' */ + int b = GETARG_B(i); /* move from 'b' to 'a' */ + if (b < GETARG_A(i)) + return getobjname(p, pc, b, name); /* get name for 'b' */ break; } + case OP_GETTABUP: case OP_GETTABLE: { int k = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */ - *name = kname(p, k); - return "field"; + int t = GETARG_B(i); /* table index */ + const char *vn = (op == OP_GETTABLE) /* name of indexed variable */ + ? luaF_getlocalname(p, t + 1, pc) + : upvalname(p, t); + kname(p, pc, k, name); + return (vn && strcmp(vn, LUA_ENV) == 0) ? "global" : "field"; } case OP_GETUPVAL: { - int u = GETARG_B(i); /* upvalue index */ - *name = p->upvalues ? getstr(p->upvalues[u]) : "?"; + *name = upvalname(p, GETARG_B(i)); return "upvalue"; } + case OP_LOADK: + case OP_LOADKX: { + int b = (op == OP_LOADK) ? GETARG_Bx(i) + : GETARG_Ax(p->code[pc + 1]); + if (ttisstring(&p->k[b])) { + *name = svalue(&p->k[b]); + return "constant"; + } + break; + } case OP_SELF: { int k = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */ - *name = kname(p, k); + kname(p, pc, k, name); return "method"; } - default: break; + default: break; /* go through to return NULL */ } } - return NULL; /* no useful name found */ + return NULL; /* could not find reasonable name */ } static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) { - Instruction i; - if ((isLua(ci) && ci->tailcalls > 0) || !isLua(ci - 1)) - return NULL; /* calling function is not Lua (or is unknown) */ - ci--; /* calling function */ - i = ci_func(ci)->l.p->code[currentpc(L, ci)]; - if (GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_CALL || GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TAILCALL || - GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TFORLOOP) - return getobjname(L, ci, GETARG_A(i), name); - else - return NULL; /* no useful name can be found */ + TMS tm; + Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p; /* calling function */ + int pc = currentpc(ci); /* calling instruction index */ + Instruction i = p->code[pc]; /* calling instruction */ + switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) { + case OP_CALL: + case OP_TAILCALL: /* get function name */ + return getobjname(p, pc, GETARG_A(i), name); + case OP_TFORCALL: { /* for iterator */ + *name = "for iterator"; + return "for iterator"; + } + /* all other instructions can call only through metamethods */ + case OP_SELF: + case OP_GETTABUP: + case OP_GETTABLE: tm = TM_INDEX; break; + case OP_SETTABUP: + case OP_SETTABLE: tm = TM_NEWINDEX; break; + case OP_EQ: tm = TM_EQ; break; + case OP_ADD: tm = TM_ADD; break; + case OP_SUB: tm = TM_SUB; break; + case OP_MUL: tm = TM_MUL; break; + case OP_DIV: tm = TM_DIV; break; + case OP_MOD: tm = TM_MOD; break; + case OP_POW: tm = TM_POW; break; + case OP_UNM: tm = TM_UNM; break; + case OP_LEN: tm = TM_LEN; break; + case OP_LT: tm = TM_LT; break; + case OP_LE: tm = TM_LE; break; + case OP_CONCAT: tm = TM_CONCAT; break; + default: + return NULL; /* else no useful name can be found */ + } + *name = getstr(G(L)->tmname[tm]); + return "metamethod"; } +/* }====================================================== */ -/* only ANSI way to check whether a pointer points to an array */ + + +/* +** only ANSI way to check whether a pointer points to an array +** (used only for error messages, so efficiency is not a big concern) +*/ static int isinstack (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o) { StkId p; - for (p = ci->base; p < ci->top; p++) + for (p = ci->u.l.base; p < ci->top; p++) if (o == p) return 1; return 0; } -void luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) { +static const char *getupvalname (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o, + const char **name) { + LClosure *c = ci_func(ci); + int i; + for (i = 0; i < c->nupvalues; i++) { + if (c->upvals[i]->v == o) { + *name = upvalname(c->p, i); + return "upvalue"; + } + } + return NULL; +} + + +l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; const char *name = NULL; - const char *t = luaT_typenames[ttype(o)]; - const char *kind = (isinstack(L->ci, o)) ? - getobjname(L, L->ci, cast_int(o - L->base), &name) : - NULL; + const char *t = objtypename(o); + const char *kind = NULL; + if (isLua(ci)) { + kind = getupvalname(ci, o, &name); /* check whether 'o' is an upvalue */ + if (!kind && isinstack(ci, o)) /* no? try a register */ + kind = getobjname(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci), + cast_int(o - ci->u.l.base), &name); + } if (kind) luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to %s %s " LUA_QS " (a %s value)", op, kind, name, t); @@ -578,14 +529,14 @@ void luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) { } -void luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, StkId p1, StkId p2) { +l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, StkId p1, StkId p2) { if (ttisstring(p1) || ttisnumber(p1)) p1 = p2; lua_assert(!ttisstring(p1) && !ttisnumber(p1)); luaG_typeerror(L, p1, "concatenate"); } -void luaG_aritherror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) { +l_noret luaG_aritherror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) { TValue temp; if (luaV_tonumber(p1, &temp) == NULL) p2 = p1; /* first operand is wrong */ @@ -593,14 +544,13 @@ void luaG_aritherror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) { } -int luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) { - const char *t1 = luaT_typenames[ttype(p1)]; - const char *t2 = luaT_typenames[ttype(p2)]; - if (t1[2] == t2[2]) +l_noret luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) { + const char *t1 = objtypename(p1); + const char *t2 = objtypename(p2); + if (t1 == t2) luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to compare two %s values", t1); else luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to compare %s with %s", t1, t2); - return 0; } @@ -608,27 +558,32 @@ static void addinfo (lua_State *L, const char *msg) { CallInfo *ci = L->ci; if (isLua(ci)) { /* is Lua code? */ char buff[LUA_IDSIZE]; /* add file:line information */ - int line = currentline(L, ci); - luaO_chunkid(buff, getstr(getluaproto(ci)->source), LUA_IDSIZE); + int line = currentline(ci); + TString *src = ci_func(ci)->p->source; + if (src) + luaO_chunkid(buff, getstr(src), LUA_IDSIZE); + else { /* no source available; use "?" instead */ + buff[0] = '?'; buff[1] = '\0'; + } luaO_pushfstring(L, "%s:%d: %s", buff, line, msg); } } -void luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L) { +l_noret luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L) { if (L->errfunc != 0) { /* is there an error handling function? */ StkId errfunc = restorestack(L, L->errfunc); if (!ttisfunction(errfunc)) luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR); setobjs2s(L, L->top, L->top - 1); /* move argument */ setobjs2s(L, L->top - 1, errfunc); /* push function */ - incr_top(L); - luaD_call(L, L->top - 2, 1); /* call it */ + L->top++; + luaD_call(L, L->top - 2, 1, 0); /* call it */ } luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRRUN); } -void luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) { +l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) { va_list argp; va_start(argp, fmt); addinfo(L, luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp)); diff --git a/lua/src/ldebug.h b/lua/src/ldebug.h index ba28a972..6445c763 100644 --- a/lua/src/ldebug.h +++ b/lua/src/ldebug.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ldebug.h,v 2.3.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ldebug.h,v 2.7.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Auxiliary functions from Debug Interface module ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -13,21 +13,22 @@ #define pcRel(pc, p) (cast(int, (pc) - (p)->code) - 1) -#define getline(f,pc) (((f)->lineinfo) ? (f)->lineinfo[pc] : 0) +#define getfuncline(f,pc) (((f)->lineinfo) ? (f)->lineinfo[pc] : 0) #define resethookcount(L) (L->hookcount = L->basehookcount) +/* Active Lua function (given call info) */ +#define ci_func(ci) (clLvalue((ci)->func)) -LUAI_FUNC void luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, - const char *opname); -LUAI_FUNC void luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, StkId p1, StkId p2); -LUAI_FUNC void luaG_aritherror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, - const TValue *p2); -LUAI_FUNC int luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, - const TValue *p2); -LUAI_FUNC void luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...); -LUAI_FUNC void luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L); -LUAI_FUNC int luaG_checkcode (const Proto *pt); -LUAI_FUNC int luaG_checkopenop (Instruction i); + +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, + const char *opname); +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, StkId p1, StkId p2); +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_aritherror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, + const TValue *p2); +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, + const TValue *p2); +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...); +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L); #endif diff --git a/lua/src/ldo.c b/lua/src/ldo.c index d1bf786c..e9dd5fa9 100644 --- a/lua/src/ldo.c +++ b/lua/src/ldo.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ldo.c,v 2.38.1.4 2012/01/18 02:27:10 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ldo.c,v 2.108.1.3 2013/11/08 18:22:50 roberto Exp $ ** Stack and Call structure of Lua ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ #include "lua.h" +#include "lapi.h" #include "ldebug.h" #include "ldo.h" #include "lfunc.h" @@ -39,6 +40,38 @@ ** ======================================================= */ +/* +** LUAI_THROW/LUAI_TRY define how Lua does exception handling. By +** default, Lua handles errors with exceptions when compiling as +** C++ code, with _longjmp/_setjmp when asked to use them, and with +** longjmp/setjmp otherwise. +*/ +#if !defined(LUAI_THROW) + +#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(LUA_USE_LONGJMP) +/* C++ exceptions */ +#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) throw(c) +#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) \ + try { a } catch(...) { if ((c)->status == 0) (c)->status = -1; } +#define luai_jmpbuf int /* dummy variable */ + +#elif defined(LUA_USE_ULONGJMP) +/* in Unix, try _longjmp/_setjmp (more efficient) */ +#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) _longjmp((c)->b, 1) +#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (_setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a } +#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf + +#else +/* default handling with long jumps */ +#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) longjmp((c)->b, 1) +#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a } +#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf + +#endif + +#endif + + /* chain list of long jump buffers */ struct lua_longjmp { @@ -48,18 +81,17 @@ struct lua_longjmp { }; -void luaD_seterrorobj (lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop) { +static void seterrorobj (lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop) { switch (errcode) { - case LUA_ERRMEM: { - setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, luaS_newliteral(L, MEMERRMSG)); + case LUA_ERRMEM: { /* memory error? */ + setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, G(L)->memerrmsg); /* reuse preregistered msg. */ break; } case LUA_ERRERR: { setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, luaS_newliteral(L, "error in error handling")); break; } - case LUA_ERRSYNTAX: - case LUA_ERRRUN: { + default: { setobjs2s(L, oldtop, L->top - 1); /* error message on current top */ break; } @@ -68,55 +100,39 @@ void luaD_seterrorobj (lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop) { } -static void restore_stack_limit (lua_State *L) { - lua_assert(L->stack_last - L->stack == L->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK - 1); - if (L->size_ci > LUAI_MAXCALLS) { /* there was an overflow? */ - int inuse = cast_int(L->ci - L->base_ci); - if (inuse + 1 < LUAI_MAXCALLS) /* can `undo' overflow? */ - luaD_reallocCI(L, LUAI_MAXCALLS); +l_noret luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode) { + if (L->errorJmp) { /* thread has an error handler? */ + L->errorJmp->status = errcode; /* set status */ + LUAI_THROW(L, L->errorJmp); /* jump to it */ } -} - - -static void resetstack (lua_State *L, int status) { - L->ci = L->base_ci; - L->base = L->ci->base; - luaF_close(L, L->base); /* close eventual pending closures */ - luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, L->base); - L->nCcalls = L->baseCcalls; - L->allowhook = 1; - restore_stack_limit(L); - L->errfunc = 0; - L->errorJmp = NULL; -} - - -void luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode) { - if (L->errorJmp) { - L->errorJmp->status = errcode; - LUAI_THROW(L, L->errorJmp); - } - else { - L->status = cast_byte(errcode); - if (G(L)->panic) { - resetstack(L, errcode); - lua_unlock(L); - G(L)->panic(L); + else { /* thread has no error handler */ + L->status = cast_byte(errcode); /* mark it as dead */ + if (G(L)->mainthread->errorJmp) { /* main thread has a handler? */ + setobjs2s(L, G(L)->mainthread->top++, L->top - 1); /* copy error obj. */ + luaD_throw(G(L)->mainthread, errcode); /* re-throw in main thread */ + } + else { /* no handler at all; abort */ + if (G(L)->panic) { /* panic function? */ + lua_unlock(L); + G(L)->panic(L); /* call it (last chance to jump out) */ + } + abort(); } - exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } } int luaD_rawrunprotected (lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud) { + unsigned short oldnCcalls = L->nCcalls; struct lua_longjmp lj; - lj.status = 0; + lj.status = LUA_OK; lj.previous = L->errorJmp; /* chain new error handler */ L->errorJmp = &lj; LUAI_TRY(L, &lj, (*f)(L, ud); ); L->errorJmp = lj.previous; /* restore old error handler */ + L->nCcalls = oldnCcalls; return lj.status; } @@ -129,113 +145,127 @@ static void correctstack (lua_State *L, TValue *oldstack) { L->top = (L->top - oldstack) + L->stack; for (up = L->openupval; up != NULL; up = up->gch.next) gco2uv(up)->v = (gco2uv(up)->v - oldstack) + L->stack; - for (ci = L->base_ci; ci <= L->ci; ci++) { + for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { ci->top = (ci->top - oldstack) + L->stack; - ci->base = (ci->base - oldstack) + L->stack; ci->func = (ci->func - oldstack) + L->stack; + if (isLua(ci)) + ci->u.l.base = (ci->u.l.base - oldstack) + L->stack; } - L->base = (L->base - oldstack) + L->stack; } +/* some space for error handling */ +#define ERRORSTACKSIZE (LUAI_MAXSTACK + 200) + + void luaD_reallocstack (lua_State *L, int newsize) { TValue *oldstack = L->stack; - int realsize = newsize + 1 + EXTRA_STACK; - lua_assert(L->stack_last - L->stack == L->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK - 1); - luaM_reallocvector(L, L->stack, L->stacksize, realsize, TValue); - L->stacksize = realsize; - L->stack_last = L->stack+newsize; + int lim = L->stacksize; + lua_assert(newsize <= LUAI_MAXSTACK || newsize == ERRORSTACKSIZE); + lua_assert(L->stack_last - L->stack == L->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK); + luaM_reallocvector(L, L->stack, L->stacksize, newsize, TValue); + for (; lim < newsize; lim++) + setnilvalue(L->stack + lim); /* erase new segment */ + L->stacksize = newsize; + L->stack_last = L->stack + newsize - EXTRA_STACK; correctstack(L, oldstack); } -void luaD_reallocCI (lua_State *L, int newsize) { - CallInfo *oldci = L->base_ci; - luaM_reallocvector(L, L->base_ci, L->size_ci, newsize, CallInfo); - L->size_ci = newsize; - L->ci = (L->ci - oldci) + L->base_ci; - L->end_ci = L->base_ci + L->size_ci - 1; -} - - void luaD_growstack (lua_State *L, int n) { - if (n <= L->stacksize) /* double size is enough? */ - luaD_reallocstack(L, 2*L->stacksize); - else - luaD_reallocstack(L, L->stacksize + n); -} - - -static CallInfo *growCI (lua_State *L) { - if (L->size_ci > LUAI_MAXCALLS) /* overflow while handling overflow? */ + int size = L->stacksize; + if (size > LUAI_MAXSTACK) /* error after extra size? */ luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR); else { - luaD_reallocCI(L, 2*L->size_ci); - if (L->size_ci > LUAI_MAXCALLS) + int needed = cast_int(L->top - L->stack) + n + EXTRA_STACK; + int newsize = 2 * size; + if (newsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) newsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK; + if (newsize < needed) newsize = needed; + if (newsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) { /* stack overflow? */ + luaD_reallocstack(L, ERRORSTACKSIZE); luaG_runerror(L, "stack overflow"); + } + else + luaD_reallocstack(L, newsize); } - return ++L->ci; } -void luaD_callhook (lua_State *L, int event, int line) { +static int stackinuse (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci; + StkId lim = L->top; + for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { + lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last); + if (lim < ci->top) lim = ci->top; + } + return cast_int(lim - L->stack) + 1; /* part of stack in use */ +} + + +void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L) { + int inuse = stackinuse(L); + int goodsize = inuse + (inuse / 8) + 2*EXTRA_STACK; + if (goodsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) goodsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK; + if (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK || /* handling stack overflow? */ + goodsize >= L->stacksize) /* would grow instead of shrink? */ + condmovestack(L); /* don't change stack (change only for debugging) */ + else + luaD_reallocstack(L, goodsize); /* shrink it */ +} + + +void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line) { lua_Hook hook = L->hook; if (hook && L->allowhook) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; ptrdiff_t top = savestack(L, L->top); - ptrdiff_t ci_top = savestack(L, L->ci->top); + ptrdiff_t ci_top = savestack(L, ci->top); lua_Debug ar; ar.event = event; ar.currentline = line; - if (event == LUA_HOOKTAILRET) - ar.i_ci = 0; /* tail call; no debug information about it */ - else - ar.i_ci = cast_int(L->ci - L->base_ci); + ar.i_ci = ci; luaD_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK); /* ensure minimum stack size */ - L->ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK; - lua_assert(L->ci->top <= L->stack_last); + ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK; + lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last); L->allowhook = 0; /* cannot call hooks inside a hook */ + ci->callstatus |= CIST_HOOKED; lua_unlock(L); (*hook)(L, &ar); lua_lock(L); lua_assert(!L->allowhook); L->allowhook = 1; - L->ci->top = restorestack(L, ci_top); + ci->top = restorestack(L, ci_top); L->top = restorestack(L, top); + ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_HOOKED; } } +static void callhook (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { + int hook = LUA_HOOKCALL; + ci->u.l.savedpc++; /* hooks assume 'pc' is already incremented */ + if (isLua(ci->previous) && + GET_OPCODE(*(ci->previous->u.l.savedpc - 1)) == OP_TAILCALL) { + ci->callstatus |= CIST_TAIL; + hook = LUA_HOOKTAILCALL; + } + luaD_hook(L, hook, -1); + ci->u.l.savedpc--; /* correct 'pc' */ +} + + static StkId adjust_varargs (lua_State *L, Proto *p, int actual) { int i; int nfixargs = p->numparams; - Table *htab = NULL; StkId base, fixed; - for (; actual < nfixargs; ++actual) - setnilvalue(L->top++); -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_VARARG) - if (p->is_vararg & VARARG_NEEDSARG) { /* compat. with old-style vararg? */ - int nvar = actual - nfixargs; /* number of extra arguments */ - lua_assert(p->is_vararg & VARARG_HASARG); - luaC_checkGC(L); - luaD_checkstack(L, p->maxstacksize); - htab = luaH_new(L, nvar, 1); /* create `arg' table */ - for (i=0; itop - nvar + i); - /* store counter in field `n' */ - setnvalue(luaH_setstr(L, htab, luaS_newliteral(L, "n")), cast_num(nvar)); - } -#endif + lua_assert(actual >= nfixargs); /* move fixed parameters to final position */ + luaD_checkstack(L, p->maxstacksize); /* check again for new 'base' */ fixed = L->top - actual; /* first fixed argument */ base = L->top; /* final position of first argument */ for (i=0; itop++, fixed+i); - setnilvalue(fixed+i); - } - /* add `arg' parameter */ - if (htab) { - sethvalue(L, L->top++, htab); - lua_assert(iswhite(obj2gco(htab))); + setobjs2s(L, L->top++, fixed + i); + setnilvalue(fixed + i); } return base; } @@ -257,100 +287,93 @@ static StkId tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func) { -#define inc_ci(L) \ - ((L->ci == L->end_ci) ? growCI(L) : \ - (condhardstacktests(luaD_reallocCI(L, L->size_ci)), ++L->ci)) +#define next_ci(L) (L->ci = (L->ci->next ? L->ci->next : luaE_extendCI(L))) +/* +** returns true if function has been executed (C function) +*/ int luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults) { - LClosure *cl; - ptrdiff_t funcr; - if (!ttisfunction(func)) /* `func' is not a function? */ - func = tryfuncTM(L, func); /* check the `function' tag method */ - funcr = savestack(L, func); - cl = &clvalue(func)->l; - L->ci->savedpc = L->savedpc; - if (!cl->isC) { /* Lua function? prepare its call */ - CallInfo *ci; - StkId st, base; - Proto *p = cl->p; - luaD_checkstack(L, p->maxstacksize); - func = restorestack(L, funcr); - if (!p->is_vararg) { /* no varargs? */ - base = func + 1; - if (L->top > base + p->numparams) - L->top = base + p->numparams; - } - else { /* vararg function */ - int nargs = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1; - base = adjust_varargs(L, p, nargs); - func = restorestack(L, funcr); /* previous call may change the stack */ - } - ci = inc_ci(L); /* now `enter' new function */ - ci->func = func; - L->base = ci->base = base; - ci->top = L->base + p->maxstacksize; - lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last); - L->savedpc = p->code; /* starting point */ - ci->tailcalls = 0; - ci->nresults = nresults; - for (st = L->top; st < ci->top; st++) - setnilvalue(st); - L->top = ci->top; - if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL) { - L->savedpc++; /* hooks assume 'pc' is already incremented */ - luaD_callhook(L, LUA_HOOKCALL, -1); - L->savedpc--; /* correct 'pc' */ - } - return PCRLUA; - } - else { /* if is a C function, call it */ - CallInfo *ci; - int n; - luaD_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK); /* ensure minimum stack size */ - ci = inc_ci(L); /* now `enter' new function */ - ci->func = restorestack(L, funcr); - L->base = ci->base = ci->func + 1; - ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK; - lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last); - ci->nresults = nresults; - if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL) - luaD_callhook(L, LUA_HOOKCALL, -1); - lua_unlock(L); - n = (*curr_func(L)->c.f)(L); /* do the actual call */ - lua_lock(L); - if (n < 0) /* yielding? */ - return PCRYIELD; - else { + lua_CFunction f; + CallInfo *ci; + int n; /* number of arguments (Lua) or returns (C) */ + ptrdiff_t funcr = savestack(L, func); + switch (ttype(func)) { + case LUA_TLCF: /* light C function */ + f = fvalue(func); + goto Cfunc; + case LUA_TCCL: { /* C closure */ + f = clCvalue(func)->f; + Cfunc: + luaD_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK); /* ensure minimum stack size */ + ci = next_ci(L); /* now 'enter' new function */ + ci->nresults = nresults; + ci->func = restorestack(L, funcr); + ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK; + lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last); + ci->callstatus = 0; + luaC_checkGC(L); /* stack grow uses memory */ + if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL) + luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCALL, -1); + lua_unlock(L); + n = (*f)(L); /* do the actual call */ + lua_lock(L); + api_checknelems(L, n); luaD_poscall(L, L->top - n); - return PCRC; + return 1; + } + case LUA_TLCL: { /* Lua function: prepare its call */ + StkId base; + Proto *p = clLvalue(func)->p; + n = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1; /* number of real arguments */ + luaD_checkstack(L, p->maxstacksize); + for (; n < p->numparams; n++) + setnilvalue(L->top++); /* complete missing arguments */ + if (!p->is_vararg) { + func = restorestack(L, funcr); + base = func + 1; + } + else { + base = adjust_varargs(L, p, n); + func = restorestack(L, funcr); /* previous call can change stack */ + } + ci = next_ci(L); /* now 'enter' new function */ + ci->nresults = nresults; + ci->func = func; + ci->u.l.base = base; + ci->top = base + p->maxstacksize; + lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last); + ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code; /* starting point */ + ci->callstatus = CIST_LUA; + L->top = ci->top; + luaC_checkGC(L); /* stack grow uses memory */ + if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL) + callhook(L, ci); + return 0; + } + default: { /* not a function */ + func = tryfuncTM(L, func); /* retry with 'function' tag method */ + return luaD_precall(L, func, nresults); /* now it must be a function */ } } } -static StkId callrethooks (lua_State *L, StkId firstResult) { - ptrdiff_t fr = savestack(L, firstResult); /* next call may change stack */ - luaD_callhook(L, LUA_HOOKRET, -1); - if (f_isLua(L->ci)) { /* Lua function? */ - while ((L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET) && L->ci->tailcalls--) /* tail calls */ - luaD_callhook(L, LUA_HOOKTAILRET, -1); - } - return restorestack(L, fr); -} - - int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, StkId firstResult) { StkId res; int wanted, i; - CallInfo *ci; - if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET) - firstResult = callrethooks(L, firstResult); - ci = L->ci--; + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + if (L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKLINE)) { + if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET) { + ptrdiff_t fr = savestack(L, firstResult); /* hook may change stack */ + luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKRET, -1); + firstResult = restorestack(L, fr); + } + L->oldpc = ci->previous->u.l.savedpc; /* 'oldpc' for caller function */ + } res = ci->func; /* res == final position of 1st result */ wanted = ci->nresults; - L->base = (ci - 1)->base; /* restore base */ - L->savedpc = (ci - 1)->savedpc; /* restore savedpc */ + L->ci = ci = ci->previous; /* back to caller */ /* move results to correct place */ for (i = wanted; i != 0 && firstResult < L->top; i--) setobjs2s(L, res++, firstResult++); @@ -366,112 +389,226 @@ int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, StkId firstResult) { ** The arguments are on the stack, right after the function. ** When returns, all the results are on the stack, starting at the original ** function position. -*/ -void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults) { +*/ +void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults, int allowyield) { if (++L->nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS) { if (L->nCcalls == LUAI_MAXCCALLS) luaG_runerror(L, "C stack overflow"); else if (L->nCcalls >= (LUAI_MAXCCALLS + (LUAI_MAXCCALLS>>3))) luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR); /* error while handing stack error */ } - if (luaD_precall(L, func, nResults) == PCRLUA) /* is a Lua function? */ - luaV_execute(L, 1); /* call it */ + if (!allowyield) L->nny++; + if (!luaD_precall(L, func, nResults)) /* is a Lua function? */ + luaV_execute(L); /* call it */ + if (!allowyield) L->nny--; L->nCcalls--; - luaC_checkGC(L); } +static void finishCcall (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + int n; + lua_assert(ci->u.c.k != NULL); /* must have a continuation */ + lua_assert(L->nny == 0); + if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) { /* was inside a pcall? */ + ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL; /* finish 'lua_pcall' */ + L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc; + } + /* finish 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcall' */ + adjustresults(L, ci->nresults); + /* call continuation function */ + if (!(ci->callstatus & CIST_STAT)) /* no call status? */ + ci->u.c.status = LUA_YIELD; /* 'default' status */ + lua_assert(ci->u.c.status != LUA_OK); + ci->callstatus = (ci->callstatus & ~(CIST_YPCALL | CIST_STAT)) | CIST_YIELDED; + lua_unlock(L); + n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L); + lua_lock(L); + api_checknelems(L, n); + /* finish 'luaD_precall' */ + luaD_poscall(L, L->top - n); +} + + +static void unroll (lua_State *L, void *ud) { + UNUSED(ud); + for (;;) { + if (L->ci == &L->base_ci) /* stack is empty? */ + return; /* coroutine finished normally */ + if (!isLua(L->ci)) /* C function? */ + finishCcall(L); + else { /* Lua function */ + luaV_finishOp(L); /* finish interrupted instruction */ + luaV_execute(L); /* execute down to higher C 'boundary' */ + } + } +} + + +/* +** check whether thread has a suspended protected call +*/ +static CallInfo *findpcall (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci; + for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { /* search for a pcall */ + if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) + return ci; + } + return NULL; /* no pending pcall */ +} + + +static int recover (lua_State *L, int status) { + StkId oldtop; + CallInfo *ci = findpcall(L); + if (ci == NULL) return 0; /* no recovery point */ + /* "finish" luaD_pcall */ + oldtop = restorestack(L, ci->extra); + luaF_close(L, oldtop); + seterrorobj(L, status, oldtop); + L->ci = ci; + L->allowhook = ci->u.c.old_allowhook; + L->nny = 0; /* should be zero to be yieldable */ + luaD_shrinkstack(L); + L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc; + ci->callstatus |= CIST_STAT; /* call has error status */ + ci->u.c.status = status; /* (here it is) */ + return 1; /* continue running the coroutine */ +} + + +/* +** signal an error in the call to 'resume', not in the execution of the +** coroutine itself. (Such errors should not be handled by any coroutine +** error handler and should not kill the coroutine.) +*/ +static l_noret resume_error (lua_State *L, const char *msg, StkId firstArg) { + L->top = firstArg; /* remove args from the stack */ + setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_new(L, msg)); /* push error message */ + api_incr_top(L); + luaD_throw(L, -1); /* jump back to 'lua_resume' */ +} + + +/* +** do the work for 'lua_resume' in protected mode +*/ static void resume (lua_State *L, void *ud) { + int nCcalls = L->nCcalls; StkId firstArg = cast(StkId, ud); CallInfo *ci = L->ci; - if (L->status == 0) { /* start coroutine? */ - lua_assert(ci == L->base_ci && firstArg > L->base); - if (luaD_precall(L, firstArg - 1, LUA_MULTRET) != PCRLUA) - return; + if (nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS) + resume_error(L, "C stack overflow", firstArg); + if (L->status == LUA_OK) { /* may be starting a coroutine */ + if (ci != &L->base_ci) /* not in base level? */ + resume_error(L, "cannot resume non-suspended coroutine", firstArg); + /* coroutine is in base level; start running it */ + if (!luaD_precall(L, firstArg - 1, LUA_MULTRET)) /* Lua function? */ + luaV_execute(L); /* call it */ } + else if (L->status != LUA_YIELD) + resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", firstArg); else { /* resuming from previous yield */ - lua_assert(L->status == LUA_YIELD); - L->status = 0; - if (!f_isLua(ci)) { /* `common' yield? */ - /* finish interrupted execution of `OP_CALL' */ - lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*((ci-1)->savedpc - 1)) == OP_CALL || - GET_OPCODE(*((ci-1)->savedpc - 1)) == OP_TAILCALL); - if (luaD_poscall(L, firstArg)) /* complete it... */ - L->top = L->ci->top; /* and correct top if not multiple results */ + L->status = LUA_OK; + ci->func = restorestack(L, ci->extra); + if (isLua(ci)) /* yielded inside a hook? */ + luaV_execute(L); /* just continue running Lua code */ + else { /* 'common' yield */ + if (ci->u.c.k != NULL) { /* does it have a continuation? */ + int n; + ci->u.c.status = LUA_YIELD; /* 'default' status */ + ci->callstatus |= CIST_YIELDED; + lua_unlock(L); + n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L); /* call continuation */ + lua_lock(L); + api_checknelems(L, n); + firstArg = L->top - n; /* yield results come from continuation */ + } + luaD_poscall(L, firstArg); /* finish 'luaD_precall' */ } - else /* yielded inside a hook: just continue its execution */ - L->base = L->ci->base; + unroll(L, NULL); } - luaV_execute(L, cast_int(L->ci - L->base_ci)); + lua_assert(nCcalls == L->nCcalls); } -static int resume_error (lua_State *L, const char *msg) { - L->top = L->ci->base; - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_new(L, msg)); - incr_top(L); - lua_unlock(L); - return LUA_ERRRUN; -} - - -LUA_API int lua_resume (lua_State *L, int nargs) { +LUA_API int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs) { int status; + int oldnny = L->nny; /* save 'nny' */ lua_lock(L); - if (L->status != LUA_YIELD && (L->status != 0 || L->ci != L->base_ci)) - return resume_error(L, "cannot resume non-suspended coroutine"); - if (L->nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS) - return resume_error(L, "C stack overflow"); luai_userstateresume(L, nargs); - lua_assert(L->errfunc == 0); - L->baseCcalls = ++L->nCcalls; + L->nCcalls = (from) ? from->nCcalls + 1 : 1; + L->nny = 0; /* allow yields */ + api_checknelems(L, (L->status == LUA_OK) ? nargs + 1 : nargs); status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, resume, L->top - nargs); - if (status != 0) { /* error? */ - L->status = cast_byte(status); /* mark thread as `dead' */ - luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, L->top); - L->ci->top = L->top; + if (status == -1) /* error calling 'lua_resume'? */ + status = LUA_ERRRUN; + else { /* yield or regular error */ + while (status != LUA_OK && status != LUA_YIELD) { /* error? */ + if (recover(L, status)) /* recover point? */ + status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, unroll, NULL); /* run continuation */ + else { /* unrecoverable error */ + L->status = cast_byte(status); /* mark thread as `dead' */ + seterrorobj(L, status, L->top); + L->ci->top = L->top; + break; + } + } + lua_assert(status == L->status); } - else { - lua_assert(L->nCcalls == L->baseCcalls); - status = L->status; - } - --L->nCcalls; + L->nny = oldnny; /* restore 'nny' */ + L->nCcalls--; + lua_assert(L->nCcalls == ((from) ? from->nCcalls : 0)); lua_unlock(L); return status; } -LUA_API int lua_yield (lua_State *L, int nresults) { +LUA_API int lua_yieldk (lua_State *L, int nresults, int ctx, lua_CFunction k) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; luai_userstateyield(L, nresults); lua_lock(L); - if (L->nCcalls > L->baseCcalls) - luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield across metamethod/C-call boundary"); - L->base = L->top - nresults; /* protect stack slots below */ + api_checknelems(L, nresults); + if (L->nny > 0) { + if (L != G(L)->mainthread) + luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield across a C-call boundary"); + else + luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield from outside a coroutine"); + } L->status = LUA_YIELD; + ci->extra = savestack(L, ci->func); /* save current 'func' */ + if (isLua(ci)) { /* inside a hook? */ + api_check(L, k == NULL, "hooks cannot continue after yielding"); + } + else { + if ((ci->u.c.k = k) != NULL) /* is there a continuation? */ + ci->u.c.ctx = ctx; /* save context */ + ci->func = L->top - nresults - 1; /* protect stack below results */ + luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD); + } + lua_assert(ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED); /* must be inside a hook */ lua_unlock(L); - return -1; + return 0; /* return to 'luaD_hook' */ } int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u, ptrdiff_t old_top, ptrdiff_t ef) { int status; - unsigned short oldnCcalls = L->nCcalls; - ptrdiff_t old_ci = saveci(L, L->ci); + CallInfo *old_ci = L->ci; lu_byte old_allowhooks = L->allowhook; + unsigned short old_nny = L->nny; ptrdiff_t old_errfunc = L->errfunc; L->errfunc = ef; status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, func, u); - if (status != 0) { /* an error occurred? */ + if (status != LUA_OK) { /* an error occurred? */ StkId oldtop = restorestack(L, old_top); - luaF_close(L, oldtop); /* close eventual pending closures */ - luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, oldtop); - L->nCcalls = oldnCcalls; - L->ci = restoreci(L, old_ci); - L->base = L->ci->base; - L->savedpc = L->ci->savedpc; + luaF_close(L, oldtop); /* close possible pending closures */ + seterrorobj(L, status, oldtop); + L->ci = old_ci; L->allowhook = old_allowhooks; - restore_stack_limit(L); + L->nny = old_nny; + luaD_shrinkstack(L); } L->errfunc = old_errfunc; return status; @@ -484,35 +621,60 @@ int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u, */ struct SParser { /* data to `f_parser' */ ZIO *z; - Mbuffer buff; /* buffer to be used by the scanner */ + Mbuffer buff; /* dynamic structure used by the scanner */ + Dyndata dyd; /* dynamic structures used by the parser */ + const char *mode; const char *name; }; -static void f_parser (lua_State *L, void *ud) { - int i; - Proto *tf; - Closure *cl; - struct SParser *p = cast(struct SParser *, ud); - int c = luaZ_lookahead(p->z); - luaC_checkGC(L); - tf = ((c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) ? luaU_undump : luaY_parser)(L, p->z, - &p->buff, p->name); - cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, tf->nups, hvalue(gt(L))); - cl->l.p = tf; - for (i = 0; i < tf->nups; i++) /* initialize eventual upvalues */ - cl->l.upvals[i] = luaF_newupval(L); - setclvalue(L, L->top, cl); - incr_top(L); + +static void checkmode (lua_State *L, const char *mode, const char *x) { + if (mode && strchr(mode, x[0]) == NULL) { + luaO_pushfstring(L, + "attempt to load a %s chunk (mode is " LUA_QS ")", x, mode); + luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX); + } } -int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name) { +static void f_parser (lua_State *L, void *ud) { + int i; + Closure *cl; + struct SParser *p = cast(struct SParser *, ud); + int c = zgetc(p->z); /* read first character */ + if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) { + checkmode(L, p->mode, "binary"); + cl = luaU_undump(L, p->z, &p->buff, p->name); + } + else { + checkmode(L, p->mode, "text"); + cl = luaY_parser(L, p->z, &p->buff, &p->dyd, p->name, c); + } + lua_assert(cl->l.nupvalues == cl->l.p->sizeupvalues); + for (i = 0; i < cl->l.nupvalues; i++) { /* initialize upvalues */ + UpVal *up = luaF_newupval(L); + cl->l.upvals[i] = up; + luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, up); + } +} + + +int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name, + const char *mode) { struct SParser p; int status; - p.z = z; p.name = name; + L->nny++; /* cannot yield during parsing */ + p.z = z; p.name = name; p.mode = mode; + p.dyd.actvar.arr = NULL; p.dyd.actvar.size = 0; + p.dyd.gt.arr = NULL; p.dyd.gt.size = 0; + p.dyd.label.arr = NULL; p.dyd.label.size = 0; luaZ_initbuffer(L, &p.buff); status = luaD_pcall(L, f_parser, &p, savestack(L, L->top), L->errfunc); luaZ_freebuffer(L, &p.buff); + luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.actvar.arr, p.dyd.actvar.size); + luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.gt.arr, p.dyd.gt.size); + luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.label.arr, p.dyd.label.size); + L->nny--; return status; } diff --git a/lua/src/ldo.h b/lua/src/ldo.h index 98fddac5..d3d3082c 100644 --- a/lua/src/ldo.h +++ b/lua/src/ldo.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ldo.h,v 2.7.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ldo.h,v 2.20.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Stack and Call structure of Lua ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -13,45 +13,34 @@ #include "lzio.h" -#define luaD_checkstack(L,n) \ - if ((char *)L->stack_last - (char *)L->top <= (n)*(int)sizeof(TValue)) \ - luaD_growstack(L, n); \ - else condhardstacktests(luaD_reallocstack(L, L->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK - 1)); +#define luaD_checkstack(L,n) if (L->stack_last - L->top <= (n)) \ + luaD_growstack(L, n); else condmovestack(L); -#define incr_top(L) {luaD_checkstack(L,1); L->top++;} +#define incr_top(L) {L->top++; luaD_checkstack(L,0);} #define savestack(L,p) ((char *)(p) - (char *)L->stack) #define restorestack(L,n) ((TValue *)((char *)L->stack + (n))) -#define saveci(L,p) ((char *)(p) - (char *)L->base_ci) -#define restoreci(L,n) ((CallInfo *)((char *)L->base_ci + (n))) - - -/* results from luaD_precall */ -#define PCRLUA 0 /* initiated a call to a Lua function */ -#define PCRC 1 /* did a call to a C function */ -#define PCRYIELD 2 /* C funtion yielded */ - /* type of protected functions, to be ran by `runprotected' */ typedef void (*Pfunc) (lua_State *L, void *ud); -LUAI_FUNC int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name); -LUAI_FUNC void luaD_callhook (lua_State *L, int event, int line); +LUAI_FUNC int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name, + const char *mode); +LUAI_FUNC void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line); LUAI_FUNC int luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults); -LUAI_FUNC void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults); +LUAI_FUNC void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults, + int allowyield); LUAI_FUNC int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u, ptrdiff_t oldtop, ptrdiff_t ef); LUAI_FUNC int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, StkId firstResult); -LUAI_FUNC void luaD_reallocCI (lua_State *L, int newsize); LUAI_FUNC void luaD_reallocstack (lua_State *L, int newsize); LUAI_FUNC void luaD_growstack (lua_State *L, int n); +LUAI_FUNC void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L); -LUAI_FUNC void luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode); +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode); LUAI_FUNC int luaD_rawrunprotected (lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud); -LUAI_FUNC void luaD_seterrorobj (lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop); - #endif diff --git a/lua/src/ldump.c b/lua/src/ldump.c index c9d3d487..61fa2cd8 100644 --- a/lua/src/ldump.c +++ b/lua/src/ldump.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ldump.c,v 2.8.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ldump.c,v 2.17.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** save precompiled Lua chunks ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ typedef struct { } DumpState; #define DumpMem(b,n,size,D) DumpBlock(b,(n)*(size),D) -#define DumpVar(x,D) DumpMem(&x,1,sizeof(x),D) +#define DumpVar(x,D) DumpMem(&x,1,sizeof(x),D) static void DumpBlock(const void* b, size_t size, DumpState* D) { @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ static void DumpVector(const void* b, int n, size_t size, DumpState* D) static void DumpString(const TString* s, DumpState* D) { - if (s==NULL || getstr(s)==NULL) + if (s==NULL) { size_t size=0; DumpVar(size,D); @@ -69,13 +69,13 @@ static void DumpString(const TString* s, DumpState* D) { size_t size=s->tsv.len+1; /* include trailing '\0' */ DumpVar(size,D); - DumpBlock(getstr(s),size,D); + DumpBlock(getstr(s),size*sizeof(char),D); } } #define DumpCode(f,D) DumpVector(f->code,f->sizecode,sizeof(Instruction),D) -static void DumpFunction(const Proto* f, const TString* p, DumpState* D); +static void DumpFunction(const Proto* f, DumpState* D); static void DumpConstants(const Proto* f, DumpState* D) { @@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ static void DumpConstants(const Proto* f, DumpState* D) for (i=0; ik[i]; - DumpChar(ttype(o),D); - switch (ttype(o)) + DumpChar(ttypenv(o),D); + switch (ttypenv(o)) { case LUA_TNIL: break; @@ -98,19 +98,29 @@ static void DumpConstants(const Proto* f, DumpState* D) case LUA_TSTRING: DumpString(rawtsvalue(o),D); break; - default: - lua_assert(0); /* cannot happen */ - break; + default: lua_assert(0); } } n=f->sizep; DumpInt(n,D); - for (i=0; ip[i],f->source,D); + for (i=0; ip[i],D); +} + +static void DumpUpvalues(const Proto* f, DumpState* D) +{ + int i,n=f->sizeupvalues; + DumpInt(n,D); + for (i=0; iupvalues[i].instack,D); + DumpChar(f->upvalues[i].idx,D); + } } static void DumpDebug(const Proto* f, DumpState* D) { int i,n; + DumpString((D->strip) ? NULL : f->source,D); n= (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelineinfo; DumpVector(f->lineinfo,n,sizeof(int),D); n= (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelocvars; @@ -123,26 +133,25 @@ static void DumpDebug(const Proto* f, DumpState* D) } n= (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizeupvalues; DumpInt(n,D); - for (i=0; iupvalues[i],D); + for (i=0; iupvalues[i].name,D); } -static void DumpFunction(const Proto* f, const TString* p, DumpState* D) +static void DumpFunction(const Proto* f, DumpState* D) { - DumpString((f->source==p || D->strip) ? NULL : f->source,D); DumpInt(f->linedefined,D); DumpInt(f->lastlinedefined,D); - DumpChar(f->nups,D); DumpChar(f->numparams,D); DumpChar(f->is_vararg,D); DumpChar(f->maxstacksize,D); DumpCode(f,D); DumpConstants(f,D); + DumpUpvalues(f,D); DumpDebug(f,D); } static void DumpHeader(DumpState* D) { - char h[LUAC_HEADERSIZE]; + lu_byte h[LUAC_HEADERSIZE]; luaU_header(h); DumpBlock(h,LUAC_HEADERSIZE,D); } @@ -159,6 +168,6 @@ int luaU_dump (lua_State* L, const Proto* f, lua_Writer w, void* data, int strip D.strip=strip; D.status=0; DumpHeader(&D); - DumpFunction(f,NULL,&D); + DumpFunction(f,&D); return D.status; } diff --git a/lua/src/lfunc.c b/lua/src/lfunc.c index 813e88f5..e90e1520 100644 --- a/lua/src/lfunc.c +++ b/lua/src/lfunc.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lfunc.c,v 2.12.1.2 2007/12/28 14:58:43 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lfunc.c,v 2.30.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -20,30 +20,24 @@ -Closure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems, Table *e) { - Closure *c = cast(Closure *, luaM_malloc(L, sizeCclosure(nelems))); - luaC_link(L, obj2gco(c), LUA_TFUNCTION); - c->c.isC = 1; - c->c.env = e; - c->c.nupvalues = cast_byte(nelems); +Closure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int n) { + Closure *c = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TCCL, sizeCclosure(n), NULL, 0)->cl; + c->c.nupvalues = cast_byte(n); return c; } -Closure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems, Table *e) { - Closure *c = cast(Closure *, luaM_malloc(L, sizeLclosure(nelems))); - luaC_link(L, obj2gco(c), LUA_TFUNCTION); - c->l.isC = 0; - c->l.env = e; - c->l.nupvalues = cast_byte(nelems); - while (nelems--) c->l.upvals[nelems] = NULL; +Closure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int n) { + Closure *c = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TLCL, sizeLclosure(n), NULL, 0)->cl; + c->l.p = NULL; + c->l.nupvalues = cast_byte(n); + while (n--) c->l.upvals[n] = NULL; return c; } UpVal *luaF_newupval (lua_State *L) { - UpVal *uv = luaM_new(L, UpVal); - luaC_link(L, obj2gco(uv), LUA_TUPVAL); + UpVal *uv = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal), NULL, 0)->uv; uv->v = &uv->u.value; setnilvalue(uv->v); return uv; @@ -55,21 +49,20 @@ UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) { GCObject **pp = &L->openupval; UpVal *p; UpVal *uv; - while (*pp != NULL && (p = ngcotouv(*pp))->v >= level) { + while (*pp != NULL && (p = gco2uv(*pp))->v >= level) { + GCObject *o = obj2gco(p); lua_assert(p->v != &p->u.value); + lua_assert(!isold(o) || isold(obj2gco(L))); if (p->v == level) { /* found a corresponding upvalue? */ - if (isdead(g, obj2gco(p))) /* is it dead? */ - changewhite(obj2gco(p)); /* ressurect it */ + if (isdead(g, o)) /* is it dead? */ + changewhite(o); /* resurrect it */ return p; } pp = &p->next; } - uv = luaM_new(L, UpVal); /* not found: create a new one */ - uv->tt = LUA_TUPVAL; - uv->marked = luaC_white(g); + /* not found: create a new one */ + uv = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal), pp, 0)->uv; uv->v = level; /* current value lives in the stack */ - uv->next = *pp; /* chain it in the proper position */ - *pp = obj2gco(uv); uv->u.l.prev = &g->uvhead; /* double link it in `uvhead' list */ uv->u.l.next = g->uvhead.u.l.next; uv->u.l.next->u.l.prev = uv; @@ -96,41 +89,42 @@ void luaF_freeupval (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv) { void luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level) { UpVal *uv; global_State *g = G(L); - while (L->openupval != NULL && (uv = ngcotouv(L->openupval))->v >= level) { + while (L->openupval != NULL && (uv = gco2uv(L->openupval))->v >= level) { GCObject *o = obj2gco(uv); lua_assert(!isblack(o) && uv->v != &uv->u.value); L->openupval = uv->next; /* remove from `open' list */ if (isdead(g, o)) luaF_freeupval(L, uv); /* free upvalue */ else { - unlinkupval(uv); - setobj(L, &uv->u.value, uv->v); + unlinkupval(uv); /* remove upvalue from 'uvhead' list */ + setobj(L, &uv->u.value, uv->v); /* move value to upvalue slot */ uv->v = &uv->u.value; /* now current value lives here */ - luaC_linkupval(L, uv); /* link upvalue into `gcroot' list */ + gch(o)->next = g->allgc; /* link upvalue into 'allgc' list */ + g->allgc = o; + luaC_checkupvalcolor(g, uv); } } } Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L) { - Proto *f = luaM_new(L, Proto); - luaC_link(L, obj2gco(f), LUA_TPROTO); + Proto *f = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TPROTO, sizeof(Proto), NULL, 0)->p; f->k = NULL; f->sizek = 0; f->p = NULL; f->sizep = 0; f->code = NULL; + f->cache = NULL; f->sizecode = 0; + f->lineinfo = NULL; f->sizelineinfo = 0; - f->sizeupvalues = 0; - f->nups = 0; f->upvalues = NULL; + f->sizeupvalues = 0; f->numparams = 0; f->is_vararg = 0; f->maxstacksize = 0; - f->lineinfo = NULL; - f->sizelocvars = 0; f->locvars = NULL; + f->sizelocvars = 0; f->linedefined = 0; f->lastlinedefined = 0; f->source = NULL; @@ -139,23 +133,16 @@ Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L) { void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f) { - luaM_freearray(L, f->code, f->sizecode, Instruction); - luaM_freearray(L, f->p, f->sizep, Proto *); - luaM_freearray(L, f->k, f->sizek, TValue); - luaM_freearray(L, f->lineinfo, f->sizelineinfo, int); - luaM_freearray(L, f->locvars, f->sizelocvars, struct LocVar); - luaM_freearray(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues, TString *); + luaM_freearray(L, f->code, f->sizecode); + luaM_freearray(L, f->p, f->sizep); + luaM_freearray(L, f->k, f->sizek); + luaM_freearray(L, f->lineinfo, f->sizelineinfo); + luaM_freearray(L, f->locvars, f->sizelocvars); + luaM_freearray(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues); luaM_free(L, f); } -void luaF_freeclosure (lua_State *L, Closure *c) { - int size = (c->c.isC) ? sizeCclosure(c->c.nupvalues) : - sizeLclosure(c->l.nupvalues); - luaM_freemem(L, c, size); -} - - /* ** Look for n-th local variable at line `line' in function `func'. ** Returns NULL if not found. diff --git a/lua/src/lfunc.h b/lua/src/lfunc.h index a68cf515..ca0d3a3e 100644 --- a/lua/src/lfunc.h +++ b/lua/src/lfunc.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lfunc.h,v 2.4.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lfunc.h,v 2.8.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -19,13 +19,12 @@ LUAI_FUNC Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L); -LUAI_FUNC Closure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems, Table *e); -LUAI_FUNC Closure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems, Table *e); +LUAI_FUNC Closure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems); +LUAI_FUNC Closure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems); LUAI_FUNC UpVal *luaF_newupval (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level); LUAI_FUNC void luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level); LUAI_FUNC void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f); -LUAI_FUNC void luaF_freeclosure (lua_State *L, Closure *c); LUAI_FUNC void luaF_freeupval (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv); LUAI_FUNC const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *func, int local_number, int pc); diff --git a/lua/src/lgc.c b/lua/src/lgc.c index e909c79a..52460dcd 100644 --- a/lua/src/lgc.c +++ b/lua/src/lgc.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lgc.c,v 2.38.1.2 2011/03/18 18:05:38 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lgc.c,v 2.140.1.2 2013/04/26 18:22:05 roberto Exp $ ** Garbage Collector ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -23,688 +23,1198 @@ #include "ltm.h" -#define GCSTEPSIZE 1024u -#define GCSWEEPMAX 40 -#define GCSWEEPCOST 10 -#define GCFINALIZECOST 100 + +/* +** cost of sweeping one element (the size of a small object divided +** by some adjust for the sweep speed) +*/ +#define GCSWEEPCOST ((sizeof(TString) + 4) / 4) + +/* maximum number of elements to sweep in each single step */ +#define GCSWEEPMAX (cast_int((GCSTEPSIZE / GCSWEEPCOST) / 4)) + +/* maximum number of finalizers to call in each GC step */ +#define GCFINALIZENUM 4 -#define maskmarks cast_byte(~(bitmask(BLACKBIT)|WHITEBITS)) +/* +** macro to adjust 'stepmul': 'stepmul' is actually used like +** 'stepmul / STEPMULADJ' (value chosen by tests) +*/ +#define STEPMULADJ 200 + +/* +** macro to adjust 'pause': 'pause' is actually used like +** 'pause / PAUSEADJ' (value chosen by tests) +*/ +#define PAUSEADJ 100 + + +/* +** 'makewhite' erases all color bits plus the old bit and then +** sets only the current white bit +*/ +#define maskcolors (~(bit2mask(BLACKBIT, OLDBIT) | WHITEBITS)) #define makewhite(g,x) \ - ((x)->gch.marked = cast_byte(((x)->gch.marked & maskmarks) | luaC_white(g))) + (gch(x)->marked = cast_byte((gch(x)->marked & maskcolors) | luaC_white(g))) -#define white2gray(x) reset2bits((x)->gch.marked, WHITE0BIT, WHITE1BIT) -#define black2gray(x) resetbit((x)->gch.marked, BLACKBIT) - -#define stringmark(s) reset2bits((s)->tsv.marked, WHITE0BIT, WHITE1BIT) +#define white2gray(x) resetbits(gch(x)->marked, WHITEBITS) +#define black2gray(x) resetbit(gch(x)->marked, BLACKBIT) -#define isfinalized(u) testbit((u)->marked, FINALIZEDBIT) -#define markfinalized(u) l_setbit((u)->marked, FINALIZEDBIT) +#define isfinalized(x) testbit(gch(x)->marked, FINALIZEDBIT) + +#define checkdeadkey(n) lua_assert(!ttisdeadkey(gkey(n)) || ttisnil(gval(n))) -#define KEYWEAK bitmask(KEYWEAKBIT) -#define VALUEWEAK bitmask(VALUEWEAKBIT) - +#define checkconsistency(obj) \ + lua_longassert(!iscollectable(obj) || righttt(obj)) #define markvalue(g,o) { checkconsistency(o); \ - if (iscollectable(o) && iswhite(gcvalue(o))) reallymarkobject(g,gcvalue(o)); } + if (valiswhite(o)) reallymarkobject(g,gcvalue(o)); } -#define markobject(g,t) { if (iswhite(obj2gco(t))) \ +#define markobject(g,t) { if ((t) && iswhite(obj2gco(t))) \ reallymarkobject(g, obj2gco(t)); } - -#define setthreshold(g) (g->GCthreshold = (g->estimate/100) * g->gcpause) +static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o); +/* +** {====================================================== +** Generic functions +** ======================================================= +*/ + + +/* +** one after last element in a hash array +*/ +#define gnodelast(h) gnode(h, cast(size_t, sizenode(h))) + + +/* +** link table 'h' into list pointed by 'p' +*/ +#define linktable(h,p) ((h)->gclist = *(p), *(p) = obj2gco(h)) + + +/* +** if key is not marked, mark its entry as dead (therefore removing it +** from the table) +*/ static void removeentry (Node *n) { lua_assert(ttisnil(gval(n))); - if (iscollectable(gkey(n))) - setttype(gkey(n), LUA_TDEADKEY); /* dead key; remove it */ + if (valiswhite(gkey(n))) + setdeadvalue(gkey(n)); /* unused and unmarked key; remove it */ } +/* +** tells whether a key or value can be cleared from a weak +** table. Non-collectable objects are never removed from weak +** tables. Strings behave as `values', so are never removed too. for +** other objects: if really collected, cannot keep them; for objects +** being finalized, keep them in keys, but not in values +*/ +static int iscleared (global_State *g, const TValue *o) { + if (!iscollectable(o)) return 0; + else if (ttisstring(o)) { + markobject(g, rawtsvalue(o)); /* strings are `values', so are never weak */ + return 0; + } + else return iswhite(gcvalue(o)); +} + + +/* +** barrier that moves collector forward, that is, mark the white object +** being pointed by a black object. +*/ +void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v) { + global_State *g = G(L); + lua_assert(isblack(o) && iswhite(v) && !isdead(g, v) && !isdead(g, o)); + lua_assert(g->gcstate != GCSpause); + lua_assert(gch(o)->tt != LUA_TTABLE); + if (keepinvariantout(g)) /* must keep invariant? */ + reallymarkobject(g, v); /* restore invariant */ + else { /* sweep phase */ + lua_assert(issweepphase(g)); + makewhite(g, o); /* mark main obj. as white to avoid other barriers */ + } +} + + +/* +** barrier that moves collector backward, that is, mark the black object +** pointing to a white object as gray again. (Current implementation +** only works for tables; access to 'gclist' is not uniform across +** different types.) +*/ +void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) { + global_State *g = G(L); + lua_assert(isblack(o) && !isdead(g, o) && gch(o)->tt == LUA_TTABLE); + black2gray(o); /* make object gray (again) */ + gco2t(o)->gclist = g->grayagain; + g->grayagain = o; +} + + +/* +** barrier for prototypes. When creating first closure (cache is +** NULL), use a forward barrier; this may be the only closure of the +** prototype (if it is a "regular" function, with a single instance) +** and the prototype may be big, so it is better to avoid traversing +** it again. Otherwise, use a backward barrier, to avoid marking all +** possible instances. +*/ +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierproto_ (lua_State *L, Proto *p, Closure *c) { + global_State *g = G(L); + lua_assert(isblack(obj2gco(p))); + if (p->cache == NULL) { /* first time? */ + luaC_objbarrier(L, p, c); + } + else { /* use a backward barrier */ + black2gray(obj2gco(p)); /* make prototype gray (again) */ + p->gclist = g->grayagain; + g->grayagain = obj2gco(p); + } +} + + +/* +** check color (and invariants) for an upvalue that was closed, +** i.e., moved into the 'allgc' list +*/ +void luaC_checkupvalcolor (global_State *g, UpVal *uv) { + GCObject *o = obj2gco(uv); + lua_assert(!isblack(o)); /* open upvalues are never black */ + if (isgray(o)) { + if (keepinvariant(g)) { + resetoldbit(o); /* see MOVE OLD rule */ + gray2black(o); /* it is being visited now */ + markvalue(g, uv->v); + } + else { + lua_assert(issweepphase(g)); + makewhite(g, o); + } + } +} + + +/* +** create a new collectable object (with given type and size) and link +** it to '*list'. 'offset' tells how many bytes to allocate before the +** object itself (used only by states). +*/ +GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz, GCObject **list, + int offset) { + global_State *g = G(L); + char *raw = cast(char *, luaM_newobject(L, novariant(tt), sz)); + GCObject *o = obj2gco(raw + offset); + if (list == NULL) + list = &g->allgc; /* standard list for collectable objects */ + gch(o)->marked = luaC_white(g); + gch(o)->tt = tt; + gch(o)->next = *list; + *list = o; + return o; +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** Mark functions +** ======================================================= +*/ + + +/* +** mark an object. Userdata, strings, and closed upvalues are visited +** and turned black here. Other objects are marked gray and added +** to appropriate list to be visited (and turned black) later. (Open +** upvalues are already linked in 'headuv' list.) +*/ static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o) { - lua_assert(iswhite(o) && !isdead(g, o)); + lu_mem size; white2gray(o); - switch (o->gch.tt) { - case LUA_TSTRING: { - return; + switch (gch(o)->tt) { + case LUA_TSHRSTR: + case LUA_TLNGSTR: { + size = sizestring(gco2ts(o)); + break; /* nothing else to mark; make it black */ } case LUA_TUSERDATA: { Table *mt = gco2u(o)->metatable; - gray2black(o); /* udata are never gray */ - if (mt) markobject(g, mt); + markobject(g, mt); markobject(g, gco2u(o)->env); - return; + size = sizeudata(gco2u(o)); + break; } case LUA_TUPVAL: { UpVal *uv = gco2uv(o); markvalue(g, uv->v); - if (uv->v == &uv->u.value) /* closed? */ - gray2black(o); /* open upvalues are never black */ + if (uv->v != &uv->u.value) /* open? */ + return; /* open upvalues remain gray */ + size = sizeof(UpVal); + break; + } + case LUA_TLCL: { + gco2lcl(o)->gclist = g->gray; + g->gray = o; return; } - case LUA_TFUNCTION: { - gco2cl(o)->c.gclist = g->gray; + case LUA_TCCL: { + gco2ccl(o)->gclist = g->gray; g->gray = o; - break; + return; } case LUA_TTABLE: { - gco2h(o)->gclist = g->gray; - g->gray = o; - break; + linktable(gco2t(o), &g->gray); + return; } case LUA_TTHREAD: { gco2th(o)->gclist = g->gray; g->gray = o; - break; + return; } case LUA_TPROTO: { gco2p(o)->gclist = g->gray; g->gray = o; - break; + return; } - default: lua_assert(0); + default: lua_assert(0); return; } -} - - -static void marktmu (global_State *g) { - GCObject *u = g->tmudata; - if (u) { - do { - u = u->gch.next; - makewhite(g, u); /* may be marked, if left from previous GC */ - reallymarkobject(g, u); - } while (u != g->tmudata); - } -} - - -/* move `dead' udata that need finalization to list `tmudata' */ -size_t luaC_separateudata (lua_State *L, int all) { - global_State *g = G(L); - size_t deadmem = 0; - GCObject **p = &g->mainthread->next; - GCObject *curr; - while ((curr = *p) != NULL) { - if (!(iswhite(curr) || all) || isfinalized(gco2u(curr))) - p = &curr->gch.next; /* don't bother with them */ - else if (fasttm(L, gco2u(curr)->metatable, TM_GC) == NULL) { - markfinalized(gco2u(curr)); /* don't need finalization */ - p = &curr->gch.next; - } - else { /* must call its gc method */ - deadmem += sizeudata(gco2u(curr)); - markfinalized(gco2u(curr)); - *p = curr->gch.next; - /* link `curr' at the end of `tmudata' list */ - if (g->tmudata == NULL) /* list is empty? */ - g->tmudata = curr->gch.next = curr; /* creates a circular list */ - else { - curr->gch.next = g->tmudata->gch.next; - g->tmudata->gch.next = curr; - g->tmudata = curr; - } - } - } - return deadmem; -} - - -static int traversetable (global_State *g, Table *h) { - int i; - int weakkey = 0; - int weakvalue = 0; - const TValue *mode; - if (h->metatable) - markobject(g, h->metatable); - mode = gfasttm(g, h->metatable, TM_MODE); - if (mode && ttisstring(mode)) { /* is there a weak mode? */ - weakkey = (strchr(svalue(mode), 'k') != NULL); - weakvalue = (strchr(svalue(mode), 'v') != NULL); - if (weakkey || weakvalue) { /* is really weak? */ - h->marked &= ~(KEYWEAK | VALUEWEAK); /* clear bits */ - h->marked |= cast_byte((weakkey << KEYWEAKBIT) | - (weakvalue << VALUEWEAKBIT)); - h->gclist = g->weak; /* must be cleared after GC, ... */ - g->weak = obj2gco(h); /* ... so put in the appropriate list */ - } - } - if (weakkey && weakvalue) return 1; - if (!weakvalue) { - i = h->sizearray; - while (i--) - markvalue(g, &h->array[i]); - } - i = sizenode(h); - while (i--) { - Node *n = gnode(h, i); - lua_assert(ttype(gkey(n)) != LUA_TDEADKEY || ttisnil(gval(n))); - if (ttisnil(gval(n))) - removeentry(n); /* remove empty entries */ - else { - lua_assert(!ttisnil(gkey(n))); - if (!weakkey) markvalue(g, gkey(n)); - if (!weakvalue) markvalue(g, gval(n)); - } - } - return weakkey || weakvalue; -} - - -/* -** All marks are conditional because a GC may happen while the -** prototype is still being created -*/ -static void traverseproto (global_State *g, Proto *f) { - int i; - if (f->source) stringmark(f->source); - for (i=0; isizek; i++) /* mark literals */ - markvalue(g, &f->k[i]); - for (i=0; isizeupvalues; i++) { /* mark upvalue names */ - if (f->upvalues[i]) - stringmark(f->upvalues[i]); - } - for (i=0; isizep; i++) { /* mark nested protos */ - if (f->p[i]) - markobject(g, f->p[i]); - } - for (i=0; isizelocvars; i++) { /* mark local-variable names */ - if (f->locvars[i].varname) - stringmark(f->locvars[i].varname); - } -} - - - -static void traverseclosure (global_State *g, Closure *cl) { - markobject(g, cl->c.env); - if (cl->c.isC) { - int i; - for (i=0; ic.nupvalues; i++) /* mark its upvalues */ - markvalue(g, &cl->c.upvalue[i]); - } - else { - int i; - lua_assert(cl->l.nupvalues == cl->l.p->nups); - markobject(g, cl->l.p); - for (i=0; il.nupvalues; i++) /* mark its upvalues */ - markobject(g, cl->l.upvals[i]); - } -} - - -static void checkstacksizes (lua_State *L, StkId max) { - int ci_used = cast_int(L->ci - L->base_ci); /* number of `ci' in use */ - int s_used = cast_int(max - L->stack); /* part of stack in use */ - if (L->size_ci > LUAI_MAXCALLS) /* handling overflow? */ - return; /* do not touch the stacks */ - if (4*ci_used < L->size_ci && 2*BASIC_CI_SIZE < L->size_ci) - luaD_reallocCI(L, L->size_ci/2); /* still big enough... */ - condhardstacktests(luaD_reallocCI(L, ci_used + 1)); - if (4*s_used < L->stacksize && - 2*(BASIC_STACK_SIZE+EXTRA_STACK) < L->stacksize) - luaD_reallocstack(L, L->stacksize/2); /* still big enough... */ - condhardstacktests(luaD_reallocstack(L, s_used)); -} - - -static void traversestack (global_State *g, lua_State *l) { - StkId o, lim; - CallInfo *ci; - markvalue(g, gt(l)); - lim = l->top; - for (ci = l->base_ci; ci <= l->ci; ci++) { - lua_assert(ci->top <= l->stack_last); - if (lim < ci->top) lim = ci->top; - } - for (o = l->stack; o < l->top; o++) - markvalue(g, o); - for (; o <= lim; o++) - setnilvalue(o); - checkstacksizes(l, lim); -} - - -/* -** traverse one gray object, turning it to black. -** Returns `quantity' traversed. -*/ -static l_mem propagatemark (global_State *g) { - GCObject *o = g->gray; - lua_assert(isgray(o)); gray2black(o); - switch (o->gch.tt) { - case LUA_TTABLE: { - Table *h = gco2h(o); - g->gray = h->gclist; - if (traversetable(g, h)) /* table is weak? */ - black2gray(o); /* keep it gray */ - return sizeof(Table) + sizeof(TValue) * h->sizearray + - sizeof(Node) * sizenode(h); - } - case LUA_TFUNCTION: { - Closure *cl = gco2cl(o); - g->gray = cl->c.gclist; - traverseclosure(g, cl); - return (cl->c.isC) ? sizeCclosure(cl->c.nupvalues) : - sizeLclosure(cl->l.nupvalues); - } - case LUA_TTHREAD: { - lua_State *th = gco2th(o); - g->gray = th->gclist; - th->gclist = g->grayagain; - g->grayagain = o; - black2gray(o); - traversestack(g, th); - return sizeof(lua_State) + sizeof(TValue) * th->stacksize + - sizeof(CallInfo) * th->size_ci; - } - case LUA_TPROTO: { - Proto *p = gco2p(o); - g->gray = p->gclist; - traverseproto(g, p); - return sizeof(Proto) + sizeof(Instruction) * p->sizecode + - sizeof(Proto *) * p->sizep + - sizeof(TValue) * p->sizek + - sizeof(int) * p->sizelineinfo + - sizeof(LocVar) * p->sizelocvars + - sizeof(TString *) * p->sizeupvalues; - } - default: lua_assert(0); return 0; - } -} - - -static size_t propagateall (global_State *g) { - size_t m = 0; - while (g->gray) m += propagatemark(g); - return m; + g->GCmemtrav += size; } /* -** The next function tells whether a key or value can be cleared from -** a weak table. Non-collectable objects are never removed from weak -** tables. Strings behave as `values', so are never removed too. for -** other objects: if really collected, cannot keep them; for userdata -** being finalized, keep them in keys, but not in values +** mark metamethods for basic types */ -static int iscleared (const TValue *o, int iskey) { - if (!iscollectable(o)) return 0; - if (ttisstring(o)) { - stringmark(rawtsvalue(o)); /* strings are `values', so are never weak */ - return 0; - } - return iswhite(gcvalue(o)) || - (ttisuserdata(o) && (!iskey && isfinalized(uvalue(o)))); -} - - -/* -** clear collected entries from weaktables -*/ -static void cleartable (GCObject *l) { - while (l) { - Table *h = gco2h(l); - int i = h->sizearray; - lua_assert(testbit(h->marked, VALUEWEAKBIT) || - testbit(h->marked, KEYWEAKBIT)); - if (testbit(h->marked, VALUEWEAKBIT)) { - while (i--) { - TValue *o = &h->array[i]; - if (iscleared(o, 0)) /* value was collected? */ - setnilvalue(o); /* remove value */ - } - } - i = sizenode(h); - while (i--) { - Node *n = gnode(h, i); - if (!ttisnil(gval(n)) && /* non-empty entry? */ - (iscleared(key2tval(n), 1) || iscleared(gval(n), 0))) { - setnilvalue(gval(n)); /* remove value ... */ - removeentry(n); /* remove entry from table */ - } - } - l = h->gclist; - } -} - - -static void freeobj (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) { - switch (o->gch.tt) { - case LUA_TPROTO: luaF_freeproto(L, gco2p(o)); break; - case LUA_TFUNCTION: luaF_freeclosure(L, gco2cl(o)); break; - case LUA_TUPVAL: luaF_freeupval(L, gco2uv(o)); break; - case LUA_TTABLE: luaH_free(L, gco2h(o)); break; - case LUA_TTHREAD: { - lua_assert(gco2th(o) != L && gco2th(o) != G(L)->mainthread); - luaE_freethread(L, gco2th(o)); - break; - } - case LUA_TSTRING: { - G(L)->strt.nuse--; - luaM_freemem(L, o, sizestring(gco2ts(o))); - break; - } - case LUA_TUSERDATA: { - luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeudata(gco2u(o))); - break; - } - default: lua_assert(0); - } -} - - - -#define sweepwholelist(L,p) sweeplist(L,p,MAX_LUMEM) - - -static GCObject **sweeplist (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, lu_mem count) { - GCObject *curr; - global_State *g = G(L); - int deadmask = otherwhite(g); - while ((curr = *p) != NULL && count-- > 0) { - if (curr->gch.tt == LUA_TTHREAD) /* sweep open upvalues of each thread */ - sweepwholelist(L, &gco2th(curr)->openupval); - if ((curr->gch.marked ^ WHITEBITS) & deadmask) { /* not dead? */ - lua_assert(!isdead(g, curr) || testbit(curr->gch.marked, FIXEDBIT)); - makewhite(g, curr); /* make it white (for next cycle) */ - p = &curr->gch.next; - } - else { /* must erase `curr' */ - lua_assert(isdead(g, curr) || deadmask == bitmask(SFIXEDBIT)); - *p = curr->gch.next; - if (curr == g->rootgc) /* is the first element of the list? */ - g->rootgc = curr->gch.next; /* adjust first */ - freeobj(L, curr); - } - } - return p; -} - - -static void checkSizes (lua_State *L) { - global_State *g = G(L); - /* check size of string hash */ - if (g->strt.nuse < cast(lu_int32, g->strt.size/4) && - g->strt.size > MINSTRTABSIZE*2) - luaS_resize(L, g->strt.size/2); /* table is too big */ - /* check size of buffer */ - if (luaZ_sizebuffer(&g->buff) > LUA_MINBUFFER*2) { /* buffer too big? */ - size_t newsize = luaZ_sizebuffer(&g->buff) / 2; - luaZ_resizebuffer(L, &g->buff, newsize); - } -} - - -static void GCTM (lua_State *L) { - global_State *g = G(L); - GCObject *o = g->tmudata->gch.next; /* get first element */ - Udata *udata = rawgco2u(o); - const TValue *tm; - /* remove udata from `tmudata' */ - if (o == g->tmudata) /* last element? */ - g->tmudata = NULL; - else - g->tmudata->gch.next = udata->uv.next; - udata->uv.next = g->mainthread->next; /* return it to `root' list */ - g->mainthread->next = o; - makewhite(g, o); - tm = fasttm(L, udata->uv.metatable, TM_GC); - if (tm != NULL) { - lu_byte oldah = L->allowhook; - lu_mem oldt = g->GCthreshold; - L->allowhook = 0; /* stop debug hooks during GC tag method */ - g->GCthreshold = 2*g->totalbytes; /* avoid GC steps */ - setobj2s(L, L->top, tm); - setuvalue(L, L->top+1, udata); - L->top += 2; - luaD_call(L, L->top - 2, 0); - L->allowhook = oldah; /* restore hooks */ - g->GCthreshold = oldt; /* restore threshold */ - } -} - - -/* -** Call all GC tag methods -*/ -void luaC_callGCTM (lua_State *L) { - while (G(L)->tmudata) - GCTM(L); -} - - -void luaC_freeall (lua_State *L) { - global_State *g = G(L); - int i; - g->currentwhite = WHITEBITS | bitmask(SFIXEDBIT); /* mask to collect all elements */ - sweepwholelist(L, &g->rootgc); - for (i = 0; i < g->strt.size; i++) /* free all string lists */ - sweepwholelist(L, &g->strt.hash[i]); -} - - static void markmt (global_State *g) { int i; - for (i=0; imt[i]) markobject(g, g->mt[i]); + for (i=0; i < LUA_NUMTAGS; i++) + markobject(g, g->mt[i]); } -/* mark root set */ -static void markroot (lua_State *L) { - global_State *g = G(L); - g->gray = NULL; - g->grayagain = NULL; - g->weak = NULL; - markobject(g, g->mainthread); - /* make global table be traversed before main stack */ - markvalue(g, gt(g->mainthread)); - markvalue(g, registry(L)); - markmt(g); - g->gcstate = GCSpropagate; +/* +** mark all objects in list of being-finalized +*/ +static void markbeingfnz (global_State *g) { + GCObject *o; + for (o = g->tobefnz; o != NULL; o = gch(o)->next) { + makewhite(g, o); + reallymarkobject(g, o); + } } +/* +** mark all values stored in marked open upvalues. (See comment in +** 'lstate.h'.) +*/ static void remarkupvals (global_State *g) { UpVal *uv; for (uv = g->uvhead.u.l.next; uv != &g->uvhead; uv = uv->u.l.next) { - lua_assert(uv->u.l.next->u.l.prev == uv && uv->u.l.prev->u.l.next == uv); if (isgray(obj2gco(uv))) markvalue(g, uv->v); } } -static void atomic (lua_State *L) { - global_State *g = G(L); - size_t udsize; /* total size of userdata to be finalized */ - /* remark occasional upvalues of (maybe) dead threads */ - remarkupvals(g); - /* traverse objects cautch by write barrier and by 'remarkupvals' */ - propagateall(g); - /* remark weak tables */ - g->gray = g->weak; - g->weak = NULL; - lua_assert(!iswhite(obj2gco(g->mainthread))); - markobject(g, L); /* mark running thread */ - markmt(g); /* mark basic metatables (again) */ - propagateall(g); - /* remark gray again */ - g->gray = g->grayagain; - g->grayagain = NULL; - propagateall(g); - udsize = luaC_separateudata(L, 0); /* separate userdata to be finalized */ - marktmu(g); /* mark `preserved' userdata */ - udsize += propagateall(g); /* remark, to propagate `preserveness' */ - cleartable(g->weak); /* remove collected objects from weak tables */ - /* flip current white */ - g->currentwhite = cast_byte(otherwhite(g)); - g->sweepstrgc = 0; - g->sweepgc = &g->rootgc; - g->gcstate = GCSsweepstring; - g->estimate = g->totalbytes - udsize; /* first estimate */ +/* +** mark root set and reset all gray lists, to start a new +** incremental (or full) collection +*/ +static void restartcollection (global_State *g) { + g->gray = g->grayagain = NULL; + g->weak = g->allweak = g->ephemeron = NULL; + markobject(g, g->mainthread); + markvalue(g, &g->l_registry); + markmt(g); + markbeingfnz(g); /* mark any finalizing object left from previous cycle */ +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** Traverse functions +** ======================================================= +*/ + +static void traverseweakvalue (global_State *g, Table *h) { + Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h); + /* if there is array part, assume it may have white values (do not + traverse it just to check) */ + int hasclears = (h->sizearray > 0); + for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) { + checkdeadkey(n); + if (ttisnil(gval(n))) /* entry is empty? */ + removeentry(n); /* remove it */ + else { + lua_assert(!ttisnil(gkey(n))); + markvalue(g, gkey(n)); /* mark key */ + if (!hasclears && iscleared(g, gval(n))) /* is there a white value? */ + hasclears = 1; /* table will have to be cleared */ + } + } + if (hasclears) + linktable(h, &g->weak); /* has to be cleared later */ + else /* no white values */ + linktable(h, &g->grayagain); /* no need to clean */ } -static l_mem singlestep (lua_State *L) { +static int traverseephemeron (global_State *g, Table *h) { + int marked = 0; /* true if an object is marked in this traversal */ + int hasclears = 0; /* true if table has white keys */ + int prop = 0; /* true if table has entry "white-key -> white-value" */ + Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h); + int i; + /* traverse array part (numeric keys are 'strong') */ + for (i = 0; i < h->sizearray; i++) { + if (valiswhite(&h->array[i])) { + marked = 1; + reallymarkobject(g, gcvalue(&h->array[i])); + } + } + /* traverse hash part */ + for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) { + checkdeadkey(n); + if (ttisnil(gval(n))) /* entry is empty? */ + removeentry(n); /* remove it */ + else if (iscleared(g, gkey(n))) { /* key is not marked (yet)? */ + hasclears = 1; /* table must be cleared */ + if (valiswhite(gval(n))) /* value not marked yet? */ + prop = 1; /* must propagate again */ + } + else if (valiswhite(gval(n))) { /* value not marked yet? */ + marked = 1; + reallymarkobject(g, gcvalue(gval(n))); /* mark it now */ + } + } + if (prop) + linktable(h, &g->ephemeron); /* have to propagate again */ + else if (hasclears) /* does table have white keys? */ + linktable(h, &g->allweak); /* may have to clean white keys */ + else /* no white keys */ + linktable(h, &g->grayagain); /* no need to clean */ + return marked; +} + + +static void traversestrongtable (global_State *g, Table *h) { + Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h); + int i; + for (i = 0; i < h->sizearray; i++) /* traverse array part */ + markvalue(g, &h->array[i]); + for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) { /* traverse hash part */ + checkdeadkey(n); + if (ttisnil(gval(n))) /* entry is empty? */ + removeentry(n); /* remove it */ + else { + lua_assert(!ttisnil(gkey(n))); + markvalue(g, gkey(n)); /* mark key */ + markvalue(g, gval(n)); /* mark value */ + } + } +} + + +static lu_mem traversetable (global_State *g, Table *h) { + const char *weakkey, *weakvalue; + const TValue *mode = gfasttm(g, h->metatable, TM_MODE); + markobject(g, h->metatable); + if (mode && ttisstring(mode) && /* is there a weak mode? */ + ((weakkey = strchr(svalue(mode), 'k')), + (weakvalue = strchr(svalue(mode), 'v')), + (weakkey || weakvalue))) { /* is really weak? */ + black2gray(obj2gco(h)); /* keep table gray */ + if (!weakkey) /* strong keys? */ + traverseweakvalue(g, h); + else if (!weakvalue) /* strong values? */ + traverseephemeron(g, h); + else /* all weak */ + linktable(h, &g->allweak); /* nothing to traverse now */ + } + else /* not weak */ + traversestrongtable(g, h); + return sizeof(Table) + sizeof(TValue) * h->sizearray + + sizeof(Node) * cast(size_t, sizenode(h)); +} + + +static int traverseproto (global_State *g, Proto *f) { + int i; + if (f->cache && iswhite(obj2gco(f->cache))) + f->cache = NULL; /* allow cache to be collected */ + markobject(g, f->source); + for (i = 0; i < f->sizek; i++) /* mark literals */ + markvalue(g, &f->k[i]); + for (i = 0; i < f->sizeupvalues; i++) /* mark upvalue names */ + markobject(g, f->upvalues[i].name); + for (i = 0; i < f->sizep; i++) /* mark nested protos */ + markobject(g, f->p[i]); + for (i = 0; i < f->sizelocvars; i++) /* mark local-variable names */ + markobject(g, f->locvars[i].varname); + return sizeof(Proto) + sizeof(Instruction) * f->sizecode + + sizeof(Proto *) * f->sizep + + sizeof(TValue) * f->sizek + + sizeof(int) * f->sizelineinfo + + sizeof(LocVar) * f->sizelocvars + + sizeof(Upvaldesc) * f->sizeupvalues; +} + + +static lu_mem traverseCclosure (global_State *g, CClosure *cl) { + int i; + for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) /* mark its upvalues */ + markvalue(g, &cl->upvalue[i]); + return sizeCclosure(cl->nupvalues); +} + +static lu_mem traverseLclosure (global_State *g, LClosure *cl) { + int i; + markobject(g, cl->p); /* mark its prototype */ + for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) /* mark its upvalues */ + markobject(g, cl->upvals[i]); + return sizeLclosure(cl->nupvalues); +} + + +static lu_mem traversestack (global_State *g, lua_State *th) { + int n = 0; + StkId o = th->stack; + if (o == NULL) + return 1; /* stack not completely built yet */ + for (; o < th->top; o++) /* mark live elements in the stack */ + markvalue(g, o); + if (g->gcstate == GCSatomic) { /* final traversal? */ + StkId lim = th->stack + th->stacksize; /* real end of stack */ + for (; o < lim; o++) /* clear not-marked stack slice */ + setnilvalue(o); + } + else { /* count call infos to compute size */ + CallInfo *ci; + for (ci = &th->base_ci; ci != th->ci; ci = ci->next) + n++; + } + return sizeof(lua_State) + sizeof(TValue) * th->stacksize + + sizeof(CallInfo) * n; +} + + +/* +** traverse one gray object, turning it to black (except for threads, +** which are always gray). +*/ +static void propagatemark (global_State *g) { + lu_mem size; + GCObject *o = g->gray; + lua_assert(isgray(o)); + gray2black(o); + switch (gch(o)->tt) { + case LUA_TTABLE: { + Table *h = gco2t(o); + g->gray = h->gclist; /* remove from 'gray' list */ + size = traversetable(g, h); + break; + } + case LUA_TLCL: { + LClosure *cl = gco2lcl(o); + g->gray = cl->gclist; /* remove from 'gray' list */ + size = traverseLclosure(g, cl); + break; + } + case LUA_TCCL: { + CClosure *cl = gco2ccl(o); + g->gray = cl->gclist; /* remove from 'gray' list */ + size = traverseCclosure(g, cl); + break; + } + case LUA_TTHREAD: { + lua_State *th = gco2th(o); + g->gray = th->gclist; /* remove from 'gray' list */ + th->gclist = g->grayagain; + g->grayagain = o; /* insert into 'grayagain' list */ + black2gray(o); + size = traversestack(g, th); + break; + } + case LUA_TPROTO: { + Proto *p = gco2p(o); + g->gray = p->gclist; /* remove from 'gray' list */ + size = traverseproto(g, p); + break; + } + default: lua_assert(0); return; + } + g->GCmemtrav += size; +} + + +static void propagateall (global_State *g) { + while (g->gray) propagatemark(g); +} + + +static void propagatelist (global_State *g, GCObject *l) { + lua_assert(g->gray == NULL); /* no grays left */ + g->gray = l; + propagateall(g); /* traverse all elements from 'l' */ +} + +/* +** retraverse all gray lists. Because tables may be reinserted in other +** lists when traversed, traverse the original lists to avoid traversing +** twice the same table (which is not wrong, but inefficient) +*/ +static void retraversegrays (global_State *g) { + GCObject *weak = g->weak; /* save original lists */ + GCObject *grayagain = g->grayagain; + GCObject *ephemeron = g->ephemeron; + g->weak = g->grayagain = g->ephemeron = NULL; + propagateall(g); /* traverse main gray list */ + propagatelist(g, grayagain); + propagatelist(g, weak); + propagatelist(g, ephemeron); +} + + +static void convergeephemerons (global_State *g) { + int changed; + do { + GCObject *w; + GCObject *next = g->ephemeron; /* get ephemeron list */ + g->ephemeron = NULL; /* tables will return to this list when traversed */ + changed = 0; + while ((w = next) != NULL) { + next = gco2t(w)->gclist; + if (traverseephemeron(g, gco2t(w))) { /* traverse marked some value? */ + propagateall(g); /* propagate changes */ + changed = 1; /* will have to revisit all ephemeron tables */ + } + } + } while (changed); +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** Sweep Functions +** ======================================================= +*/ + + +/* +** clear entries with unmarked keys from all weaktables in list 'l' up +** to element 'f' +*/ +static void clearkeys (global_State *g, GCObject *l, GCObject *f) { + for (; l != f; l = gco2t(l)->gclist) { + Table *h = gco2t(l); + Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h); + for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) { + if (!ttisnil(gval(n)) && (iscleared(g, gkey(n)))) { + setnilvalue(gval(n)); /* remove value ... */ + removeentry(n); /* and remove entry from table */ + } + } + } +} + + +/* +** clear entries with unmarked values from all weaktables in list 'l' up +** to element 'f' +*/ +static void clearvalues (global_State *g, GCObject *l, GCObject *f) { + for (; l != f; l = gco2t(l)->gclist) { + Table *h = gco2t(l); + Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h); + int i; + for (i = 0; i < h->sizearray; i++) { + TValue *o = &h->array[i]; + if (iscleared(g, o)) /* value was collected? */ + setnilvalue(o); /* remove value */ + } + for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) { + if (!ttisnil(gval(n)) && iscleared(g, gval(n))) { + setnilvalue(gval(n)); /* remove value ... */ + removeentry(n); /* and remove entry from table */ + } + } + } +} + + +static void freeobj (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) { + switch (gch(o)->tt) { + case LUA_TPROTO: luaF_freeproto(L, gco2p(o)); break; + case LUA_TLCL: { + luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeLclosure(gco2lcl(o)->nupvalues)); + break; + } + case LUA_TCCL: { + luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeCclosure(gco2ccl(o)->nupvalues)); + break; + } + case LUA_TUPVAL: luaF_freeupval(L, gco2uv(o)); break; + case LUA_TTABLE: luaH_free(L, gco2t(o)); break; + case LUA_TTHREAD: luaE_freethread(L, gco2th(o)); break; + case LUA_TUSERDATA: luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeudata(gco2u(o))); break; + case LUA_TSHRSTR: + G(L)->strt.nuse--; + /* go through */ + case LUA_TLNGSTR: { + luaM_freemem(L, o, sizestring(gco2ts(o))); + break; + } + default: lua_assert(0); + } +} + + +#define sweepwholelist(L,p) sweeplist(L,p,MAX_LUMEM) +static GCObject **sweeplist (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, lu_mem count); + + +/* +** sweep the (open) upvalues of a thread and resize its stack and +** list of call-info structures. +*/ +static void sweepthread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1) { + if (L1->stack == NULL) return; /* stack not completely built yet */ + sweepwholelist(L, &L1->openupval); /* sweep open upvalues */ + luaE_freeCI(L1); /* free extra CallInfo slots */ + /* should not change the stack during an emergency gc cycle */ + if (G(L)->gckind != KGC_EMERGENCY) + luaD_shrinkstack(L1); +} + + +/* +** sweep at most 'count' elements from a list of GCObjects erasing dead +** objects, where a dead (not alive) object is one marked with the "old" +** (non current) white and not fixed. +** In non-generational mode, change all non-dead objects back to white, +** preparing for next collection cycle. +** In generational mode, keep black objects black, and also mark them as +** old; stop when hitting an old object, as all objects after that +** one will be old too. +** When object is a thread, sweep its list of open upvalues too. +*/ +static GCObject **sweeplist (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, lu_mem count) { + global_State *g = G(L); + int ow = otherwhite(g); + int toclear, toset; /* bits to clear and to set in all live objects */ + int tostop; /* stop sweep when this is true */ + if (isgenerational(g)) { /* generational mode? */ + toclear = ~0; /* clear nothing */ + toset = bitmask(OLDBIT); /* set the old bit of all surviving objects */ + tostop = bitmask(OLDBIT); /* do not sweep old generation */ + } + else { /* normal mode */ + toclear = maskcolors; /* clear all color bits + old bit */ + toset = luaC_white(g); /* make object white */ + tostop = 0; /* do not stop */ + } + while (*p != NULL && count-- > 0) { + GCObject *curr = *p; + int marked = gch(curr)->marked; + if (isdeadm(ow, marked)) { /* is 'curr' dead? */ + *p = gch(curr)->next; /* remove 'curr' from list */ + freeobj(L, curr); /* erase 'curr' */ + } + else { + if (testbits(marked, tostop)) + return NULL; /* stop sweeping this list */ + if (gch(curr)->tt == LUA_TTHREAD) + sweepthread(L, gco2th(curr)); /* sweep thread's upvalues */ + /* update marks */ + gch(curr)->marked = cast_byte((marked & toclear) | toset); + p = &gch(curr)->next; /* go to next element */ + } + } + return (*p == NULL) ? NULL : p; +} + + +/* +** sweep a list until a live object (or end of list) +*/ +static GCObject **sweeptolive (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, int *n) { + GCObject ** old = p; + int i = 0; + do { + i++; + p = sweeplist(L, p, 1); + } while (p == old); + if (n) *n += i; + return p; +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** Finalization +** ======================================================= +*/ + +static void checkSizes (lua_State *L) { + global_State *g = G(L); + if (g->gckind != KGC_EMERGENCY) { /* do not change sizes in emergency */ + int hs = g->strt.size / 2; /* half the size of the string table */ + if (g->strt.nuse < cast(lu_int32, hs)) /* using less than that half? */ + luaS_resize(L, hs); /* halve its size */ + luaZ_freebuffer(L, &g->buff); /* free concatenation buffer */ + } +} + + +static GCObject *udata2finalize (global_State *g) { + GCObject *o = g->tobefnz; /* get first element */ + lua_assert(isfinalized(o)); + g->tobefnz = gch(o)->next; /* remove it from 'tobefnz' list */ + gch(o)->next = g->allgc; /* return it to 'allgc' list */ + g->allgc = o; + resetbit(gch(o)->marked, SEPARATED); /* mark that it is not in 'tobefnz' */ + lua_assert(!isold(o)); /* see MOVE OLD rule */ + if (!keepinvariantout(g)) /* not keeping invariant? */ + makewhite(g, o); /* "sweep" object */ + return o; +} + + +static void dothecall (lua_State *L, void *ud) { + UNUSED(ud); + luaD_call(L, L->top - 2, 0, 0); +} + + +static void GCTM (lua_State *L, int propagateerrors) { + global_State *g = G(L); + const TValue *tm; + TValue v; + setgcovalue(L, &v, udata2finalize(g)); + tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, &v, TM_GC); + if (tm != NULL && ttisfunction(tm)) { /* is there a finalizer? */ + int status; + lu_byte oldah = L->allowhook; + int running = g->gcrunning; + L->allowhook = 0; /* stop debug hooks during GC metamethod */ + g->gcrunning = 0; /* avoid GC steps */ + setobj2s(L, L->top, tm); /* push finalizer... */ + setobj2s(L, L->top + 1, &v); /* ... and its argument */ + L->top += 2; /* and (next line) call the finalizer */ + status = luaD_pcall(L, dothecall, NULL, savestack(L, L->top - 2), 0); + L->allowhook = oldah; /* restore hooks */ + g->gcrunning = running; /* restore state */ + if (status != LUA_OK && propagateerrors) { /* error while running __gc? */ + if (status == LUA_ERRRUN) { /* is there an error object? */ + const char *msg = (ttisstring(L->top - 1)) + ? svalue(L->top - 1) + : "no message"; + luaO_pushfstring(L, "error in __gc metamethod (%s)", msg); + status = LUA_ERRGCMM; /* error in __gc metamethod */ + } + luaD_throw(L, status); /* re-throw error */ + } + } +} + + +/* +** move all unreachable objects (or 'all' objects) that need +** finalization from list 'finobj' to list 'tobefnz' (to be finalized) +*/ +static void separatetobefnz (lua_State *L, int all) { + global_State *g = G(L); + GCObject **p = &g->finobj; + GCObject *curr; + GCObject **lastnext = &g->tobefnz; + /* find last 'next' field in 'tobefnz' list (to add elements in its end) */ + while (*lastnext != NULL) + lastnext = &gch(*lastnext)->next; + while ((curr = *p) != NULL) { /* traverse all finalizable objects */ + lua_assert(!isfinalized(curr)); + lua_assert(testbit(gch(curr)->marked, SEPARATED)); + if (!(iswhite(curr) || all)) /* not being collected? */ + p = &gch(curr)->next; /* don't bother with it */ + else { + l_setbit(gch(curr)->marked, FINALIZEDBIT); /* won't be finalized again */ + *p = gch(curr)->next; /* remove 'curr' from 'finobj' list */ + gch(curr)->next = *lastnext; /* link at the end of 'tobefnz' list */ + *lastnext = curr; + lastnext = &gch(curr)->next; + } + } +} + + +/* +** if object 'o' has a finalizer, remove it from 'allgc' list (must +** search the list to find it) and link it in 'finobj' list. +*/ +void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt) { + global_State *g = G(L); + if (testbit(gch(o)->marked, SEPARATED) || /* obj. is already separated... */ + isfinalized(o) || /* ... or is finalized... */ + gfasttm(g, mt, TM_GC) == NULL) /* or has no finalizer? */ + return; /* nothing to be done */ + else { /* move 'o' to 'finobj' list */ + GCObject **p; + GCheader *ho = gch(o); + if (g->sweepgc == &ho->next) { /* avoid removing current sweep object */ + lua_assert(issweepphase(g)); + g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, g->sweepgc, NULL); + } + /* search for pointer pointing to 'o' */ + for (p = &g->allgc; *p != o; p = &gch(*p)->next) { /* empty */ } + *p = ho->next; /* remove 'o' from root list */ + ho->next = g->finobj; /* link it in list 'finobj' */ + g->finobj = o; + l_setbit(ho->marked, SEPARATED); /* mark it as such */ + if (!keepinvariantout(g)) /* not keeping invariant? */ + makewhite(g, o); /* "sweep" object */ + else + resetoldbit(o); /* see MOVE OLD rule */ + } +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** GC control +** ======================================================= +*/ + + +/* +** set a reasonable "time" to wait before starting a new GC cycle; +** cycle will start when memory use hits threshold +*/ +static void setpause (global_State *g, l_mem estimate) { + l_mem debt, threshold; + estimate = estimate / PAUSEADJ; /* adjust 'estimate' */ + threshold = (g->gcpause < MAX_LMEM / estimate) /* overflow? */ + ? estimate * g->gcpause /* no overflow */ + : MAX_LMEM; /* overflow; truncate to maximum */ + debt = -cast(l_mem, threshold - gettotalbytes(g)); + luaE_setdebt(g, debt); +} + + +#define sweepphases \ + (bitmask(GCSsweepstring) | bitmask(GCSsweepudata) | bitmask(GCSsweep)) + + +/* +** enter first sweep phase (strings) and prepare pointers for other +** sweep phases. The calls to 'sweeptolive' make pointers point to an +** object inside the list (instead of to the header), so that the real +** sweep do not need to skip objects created between "now" and the start +** of the real sweep. +** Returns how many objects it swept. +*/ +static int entersweep (lua_State *L) { + global_State *g = G(L); + int n = 0; + g->gcstate = GCSsweepstring; + lua_assert(g->sweepgc == NULL && g->sweepfin == NULL); + /* prepare to sweep strings, finalizable objects, and regular objects */ + g->sweepstrgc = 0; + g->sweepfin = sweeptolive(L, &g->finobj, &n); + g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, &g->allgc, &n); + return n; +} + + +/* +** change GC mode +*/ +void luaC_changemode (lua_State *L, int mode) { + global_State *g = G(L); + if (mode == g->gckind) return; /* nothing to change */ + if (mode == KGC_GEN) { /* change to generational mode */ + /* make sure gray lists are consistent */ + luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpropagate)); + g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g); + g->gckind = KGC_GEN; + } + else { /* change to incremental mode */ + /* sweep all objects to turn them back to white + (as white has not changed, nothing extra will be collected) */ + g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL; + entersweep(L); + luaC_runtilstate(L, ~sweepphases); + } +} + + +/* +** call all pending finalizers +*/ +static void callallpendingfinalizers (lua_State *L, int propagateerrors) { + global_State *g = G(L); + while (g->tobefnz) { + resetoldbit(g->tobefnz); + GCTM(L, propagateerrors); + } +} + + +void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L) { + global_State *g = G(L); + int i; + separatetobefnz(L, 1); /* separate all objects with finalizers */ + lua_assert(g->finobj == NULL); + callallpendingfinalizers(L, 0); + g->currentwhite = WHITEBITS; /* this "white" makes all objects look dead */ + g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL; + sweepwholelist(L, &g->finobj); /* finalizers can create objs. in 'finobj' */ + sweepwholelist(L, &g->allgc); + for (i = 0; i < g->strt.size; i++) /* free all string lists */ + sweepwholelist(L, &g->strt.hash[i]); + lua_assert(g->strt.nuse == 0); +} + + +static l_mem atomic (lua_State *L) { + global_State *g = G(L); + l_mem work = -cast(l_mem, g->GCmemtrav); /* start counting work */ + GCObject *origweak, *origall; + lua_assert(!iswhite(obj2gco(g->mainthread))); + markobject(g, L); /* mark running thread */ + /* registry and global metatables may be changed by API */ + markvalue(g, &g->l_registry); + markmt(g); /* mark basic metatables */ + /* remark occasional upvalues of (maybe) dead threads */ + remarkupvals(g); + propagateall(g); /* propagate changes */ + work += g->GCmemtrav; /* stop counting (do not (re)count grays) */ + /* traverse objects caught by write barrier and by 'remarkupvals' */ + retraversegrays(g); + work -= g->GCmemtrav; /* restart counting */ + convergeephemerons(g); + /* at this point, all strongly accessible objects are marked. */ + /* clear values from weak tables, before checking finalizers */ + clearvalues(g, g->weak, NULL); + clearvalues(g, g->allweak, NULL); + origweak = g->weak; origall = g->allweak; + work += g->GCmemtrav; /* stop counting (objects being finalized) */ + separatetobefnz(L, 0); /* separate objects to be finalized */ + markbeingfnz(g); /* mark objects that will be finalized */ + propagateall(g); /* remark, to propagate `preserveness' */ + work -= g->GCmemtrav; /* restart counting */ + convergeephemerons(g); + /* at this point, all resurrected objects are marked. */ + /* remove dead objects from weak tables */ + clearkeys(g, g->ephemeron, NULL); /* clear keys from all ephemeron tables */ + clearkeys(g, g->allweak, NULL); /* clear keys from all allweak tables */ + /* clear values from resurrected weak tables */ + clearvalues(g, g->weak, origweak); + clearvalues(g, g->allweak, origall); + g->currentwhite = cast_byte(otherwhite(g)); /* flip current white */ + work += g->GCmemtrav; /* complete counting */ + return work; /* estimate of memory marked by 'atomic' */ +} + + +static lu_mem singlestep (lua_State *L) { global_State *g = G(L); - /*lua_checkmemory(L);*/ switch (g->gcstate) { case GCSpause: { - markroot(L); /* start a new collection */ - return 0; + /* start to count memory traversed */ + g->GCmemtrav = g->strt.size * sizeof(GCObject*); + lua_assert(!isgenerational(g)); + restartcollection(g); + g->gcstate = GCSpropagate; + return g->GCmemtrav; } case GCSpropagate: { - if (g->gray) - return propagatemark(g); + if (g->gray) { + lu_mem oldtrav = g->GCmemtrav; + propagatemark(g); + return g->GCmemtrav - oldtrav; /* memory traversed in this step */ + } else { /* no more `gray' objects */ - atomic(L); /* finish mark phase */ - return 0; + lu_mem work; + int sw; + g->gcstate = GCSatomic; /* finish mark phase */ + g->GCestimate = g->GCmemtrav; /* save what was counted */; + work = atomic(L); /* add what was traversed by 'atomic' */ + g->GCestimate += work; /* estimate of total memory traversed */ + sw = entersweep(L); + return work + sw * GCSWEEPCOST; } } case GCSsweepstring: { - lu_mem old = g->totalbytes; - sweepwholelist(L, &g->strt.hash[g->sweepstrgc++]); - if (g->sweepstrgc >= g->strt.size) /* nothing more to sweep? */ - g->gcstate = GCSsweep; /* end sweep-string phase */ - lua_assert(old >= g->totalbytes); - g->estimate -= old - g->totalbytes; - return GCSWEEPCOST; + int i; + for (i = 0; i < GCSWEEPMAX && g->sweepstrgc + i < g->strt.size; i++) + sweepwholelist(L, &g->strt.hash[g->sweepstrgc + i]); + g->sweepstrgc += i; + if (g->sweepstrgc >= g->strt.size) /* no more strings to sweep? */ + g->gcstate = GCSsweepudata; + return i * GCSWEEPCOST; } - case GCSsweep: { - lu_mem old = g->totalbytes; - g->sweepgc = sweeplist(L, g->sweepgc, GCSWEEPMAX); - if (*g->sweepgc == NULL) { /* nothing more to sweep? */ - checkSizes(L); - g->gcstate = GCSfinalize; /* end sweep phase */ - } - lua_assert(old >= g->totalbytes); - g->estimate -= old - g->totalbytes; - return GCSWEEPMAX*GCSWEEPCOST; - } - case GCSfinalize: { - if (g->tmudata) { - GCTM(L); - if (g->estimate > GCFINALIZECOST) - g->estimate -= GCFINALIZECOST; - return GCFINALIZECOST; + case GCSsweepudata: { + if (g->sweepfin) { + g->sweepfin = sweeplist(L, g->sweepfin, GCSWEEPMAX); + return GCSWEEPMAX*GCSWEEPCOST; } else { - g->gcstate = GCSpause; /* end collection */ - g->gcdept = 0; + g->gcstate = GCSsweep; return 0; } } + case GCSsweep: { + if (g->sweepgc) { + g->sweepgc = sweeplist(L, g->sweepgc, GCSWEEPMAX); + return GCSWEEPMAX*GCSWEEPCOST; + } + else { + /* sweep main thread */ + GCObject *mt = obj2gco(g->mainthread); + sweeplist(L, &mt, 1); + checkSizes(L); + g->gcstate = GCSpause; /* finish collection */ + return GCSWEEPCOST; + } + } default: lua_assert(0); return 0; } } -void luaC_step (lua_State *L) { +/* +** advances the garbage collector until it reaches a state allowed +** by 'statemask' +*/ +void luaC_runtilstate (lua_State *L, int statesmask) { global_State *g = G(L); - l_mem lim = (GCSTEPSIZE/100) * g->gcstepmul; - if (lim == 0) - lim = (MAX_LUMEM-1)/2; /* no limit */ - g->gcdept += g->totalbytes - g->GCthreshold; - do { - lim -= singlestep(L); - if (g->gcstate == GCSpause) - break; - } while (lim > 0); - if (g->gcstate != GCSpause) { - if (g->gcdept < GCSTEPSIZE) - g->GCthreshold = g->totalbytes + GCSTEPSIZE; /* - lim/g->gcstepmul;*/ - else { - g->gcdept -= GCSTEPSIZE; - g->GCthreshold = g->totalbytes; - } + while (!testbit(statesmask, g->gcstate)) + singlestep(L); +} + + +static void generationalcollection (lua_State *L) { + global_State *g = G(L); + lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSpropagate); + if (g->GCestimate == 0) { /* signal for another major collection? */ + luaC_fullgc(L, 0); /* perform a full regular collection */ + g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g); /* update control */ } else { - setthreshold(g); + lu_mem estimate = g->GCestimate; + luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause)); /* run complete (minor) cycle */ + g->gcstate = GCSpropagate; /* skip restart */ + if (gettotalbytes(g) > (estimate / 100) * g->gcmajorinc) + g->GCestimate = 0; /* signal for a major collection */ + else + g->GCestimate = estimate; /* keep estimate from last major coll. */ + + } + setpause(g, gettotalbytes(g)); + lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSpropagate); +} + + +static void incstep (lua_State *L) { + global_State *g = G(L); + l_mem debt = g->GCdebt; + int stepmul = g->gcstepmul; + if (stepmul < 40) stepmul = 40; /* avoid ridiculous low values (and 0) */ + /* convert debt from Kb to 'work units' (avoid zero debt and overflows) */ + debt = (debt / STEPMULADJ) + 1; + debt = (debt < MAX_LMEM / stepmul) ? debt * stepmul : MAX_LMEM; + do { /* always perform at least one single step */ + lu_mem work = singlestep(L); /* do some work */ + debt -= work; + } while (debt > -GCSTEPSIZE && g->gcstate != GCSpause); + if (g->gcstate == GCSpause) + setpause(g, g->GCestimate); /* pause until next cycle */ + else { + debt = (debt / stepmul) * STEPMULADJ; /* convert 'work units' to Kb */ + luaE_setdebt(g, debt); } } -void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L) { +/* +** performs a basic GC step +*/ +void luaC_forcestep (lua_State *L) { global_State *g = G(L); - if (g->gcstate <= GCSpropagate) { - /* reset sweep marks to sweep all elements (returning them to white) */ - g->sweepstrgc = 0; - g->sweepgc = &g->rootgc; - /* reset other collector lists */ - g->gray = NULL; - g->grayagain = NULL; - g->weak = NULL; - g->gcstate = GCSsweepstring; + int i; + if (isgenerational(g)) generationalcollection(L); + else incstep(L); + /* run a few finalizers (or all of them at the end of a collect cycle) */ + for (i = 0; g->tobefnz && (i < GCFINALIZENUM || g->gcstate == GCSpause); i++) + GCTM(L, 1); /* call one finalizer */ +} + + +/* +** performs a basic GC step only if collector is running +*/ +void luaC_step (lua_State *L) { + global_State *g = G(L); + if (g->gcrunning) luaC_forcestep(L); + else luaE_setdebt(g, -GCSTEPSIZE); /* avoid being called too often */ +} + + + +/* +** performs a full GC cycle; if "isemergency", does not call +** finalizers (which could change stack positions) +*/ +void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L, int isemergency) { + global_State *g = G(L); + int origkind = g->gckind; + lua_assert(origkind != KGC_EMERGENCY); + if (isemergency) /* do not run finalizers during emergency GC */ + g->gckind = KGC_EMERGENCY; + else { + g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL; + callallpendingfinalizers(L, 1); } - lua_assert(g->gcstate != GCSpause && g->gcstate != GCSpropagate); - /* finish any pending sweep phase */ - while (g->gcstate != GCSfinalize) { - lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSsweepstring || g->gcstate == GCSsweep); - singlestep(L); + if (keepinvariant(g)) { /* may there be some black objects? */ + /* must sweep all objects to turn them back to white + (as white has not changed, nothing will be collected) */ + entersweep(L); } - markroot(L); - while (g->gcstate != GCSpause) { - singlestep(L); + /* finish any pending sweep phase to start a new cycle */ + luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause)); + luaC_runtilstate(L, ~bitmask(GCSpause)); /* start new collection */ + luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause)); /* run entire collection */ + if (origkind == KGC_GEN) { /* generational mode? */ + /* generational mode must be kept in propagate phase */ + luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpropagate)); } - setthreshold(g); + g->gckind = origkind; + setpause(g, gettotalbytes(g)); + if (!isemergency) /* do not run finalizers during emergency GC */ + callallpendingfinalizers(L, 1); } - -void luaC_barrierf (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v) { - global_State *g = G(L); - lua_assert(isblack(o) && iswhite(v) && !isdead(g, v) && !isdead(g, o)); - lua_assert(g->gcstate != GCSfinalize && g->gcstate != GCSpause); - lua_assert(ttype(&o->gch) != LUA_TTABLE); - /* must keep invariant? */ - if (g->gcstate == GCSpropagate) - reallymarkobject(g, v); /* restore invariant */ - else /* don't mind */ - makewhite(g, o); /* mark as white just to avoid other barriers */ -} +/* }====================================================== */ -void luaC_barrierback (lua_State *L, Table *t) { - global_State *g = G(L); - GCObject *o = obj2gco(t); - lua_assert(isblack(o) && !isdead(g, o)); - lua_assert(g->gcstate != GCSfinalize && g->gcstate != GCSpause); - black2gray(o); /* make table gray (again) */ - t->gclist = g->grayagain; - g->grayagain = o; -} - - -void luaC_link (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, lu_byte tt) { - global_State *g = G(L); - o->gch.next = g->rootgc; - g->rootgc = o; - o->gch.marked = luaC_white(g); - o->gch.tt = tt; -} - - -void luaC_linkupval (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv) { - global_State *g = G(L); - GCObject *o = obj2gco(uv); - o->gch.next = g->rootgc; /* link upvalue into `rootgc' list */ - g->rootgc = o; - if (isgray(o)) { - if (g->gcstate == GCSpropagate) { - gray2black(o); /* closed upvalues need barrier */ - luaC_barrier(L, uv, uv->v); - } - else { /* sweep phase: sweep it (turning it into white) */ - makewhite(g, o); - lua_assert(g->gcstate != GCSfinalize && g->gcstate != GCSpause); - } - } -} - diff --git a/lua/src/lgc.h b/lua/src/lgc.h index 5a8dc605..84bb1cdf 100644 --- a/lua/src/lgc.h +++ b/lua/src/lgc.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lgc.h,v 2.15.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lgc.h,v 2.58.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Garbage Collector ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -9,65 +9,107 @@ #include "lobject.h" +#include "lstate.h" + +/* +** Collectable objects may have one of three colors: white, which +** means the object is not marked; gray, which means the +** object is marked, but its references may be not marked; and +** black, which means that the object and all its references are marked. +** The main invariant of the garbage collector, while marking objects, +** is that a black object can never point to a white one. Moreover, +** any gray object must be in a "gray list" (gray, grayagain, weak, +** allweak, ephemeron) so that it can be visited again before finishing +** the collection cycle. These lists have no meaning when the invariant +** is not being enforced (e.g., sweep phase). +*/ + + + +/* how much to allocate before next GC step */ +#if !defined(GCSTEPSIZE) +/* ~100 small strings */ +#define GCSTEPSIZE (cast_int(100 * sizeof(TString))) +#endif /* ** Possible states of the Garbage Collector */ -#define GCSpause 0 -#define GCSpropagate 1 +#define GCSpropagate 0 +#define GCSatomic 1 #define GCSsweepstring 2 -#define GCSsweep 3 -#define GCSfinalize 4 +#define GCSsweepudata 3 +#define GCSsweep 4 +#define GCSpause 5 + + +#define issweepphase(g) \ + (GCSsweepstring <= (g)->gcstate && (g)->gcstate <= GCSsweep) + +#define isgenerational(g) ((g)->gckind == KGC_GEN) + +/* +** macros to tell when main invariant (white objects cannot point to black +** ones) must be kept. During a non-generational collection, the sweep +** phase may break the invariant, as objects turned white may point to +** still-black objects. The invariant is restored when sweep ends and +** all objects are white again. During a generational collection, the +** invariant must be kept all times. +*/ + +#define keepinvariant(g) (isgenerational(g) || g->gcstate <= GCSatomic) /* -** some userful bit tricks +** Outside the collector, the state in generational mode is kept in +** 'propagate', so 'keepinvariant' is always true. */ -#define resetbits(x,m) ((x) &= cast(lu_byte, ~(m))) -#define setbits(x,m) ((x) |= (m)) -#define testbits(x,m) ((x) & (m)) -#define bitmask(b) (1<<(b)) -#define bit2mask(b1,b2) (bitmask(b1) | bitmask(b2)) -#define l_setbit(x,b) setbits(x, bitmask(b)) -#define resetbit(x,b) resetbits(x, bitmask(b)) -#define testbit(x,b) testbits(x, bitmask(b)) -#define set2bits(x,b1,b2) setbits(x, (bit2mask(b1, b2))) -#define reset2bits(x,b1,b2) resetbits(x, (bit2mask(b1, b2))) -#define test2bits(x,b1,b2) testbits(x, (bit2mask(b1, b2))) - +#define keepinvariantout(g) \ + check_exp(g->gcstate == GCSpropagate || !isgenerational(g), \ + g->gcstate <= GCSatomic) /* -** Layout for bit use in `marked' field: -** bit 0 - object is white (type 0) -** bit 1 - object is white (type 1) -** bit 2 - object is black -** bit 3 - for userdata: has been finalized -** bit 3 - for tables: has weak keys -** bit 4 - for tables: has weak values -** bit 5 - object is fixed (should not be collected) -** bit 6 - object is "super" fixed (only the main thread) +** some useful bit tricks */ +#define resetbits(x,m) ((x) &= cast(lu_byte, ~(m))) +#define setbits(x,m) ((x) |= (m)) +#define testbits(x,m) ((x) & (m)) +#define bitmask(b) (1<<(b)) +#define bit2mask(b1,b2) (bitmask(b1) | bitmask(b2)) +#define l_setbit(x,b) setbits(x, bitmask(b)) +#define resetbit(x,b) resetbits(x, bitmask(b)) +#define testbit(x,b) testbits(x, bitmask(b)) -#define WHITE0BIT 0 -#define WHITE1BIT 1 -#define BLACKBIT 2 -#define FINALIZEDBIT 3 -#define KEYWEAKBIT 3 -#define VALUEWEAKBIT 4 -#define FIXEDBIT 5 -#define SFIXEDBIT 6 +/* Layout for bit use in `marked' field: */ +#define WHITE0BIT 0 /* object is white (type 0) */ +#define WHITE1BIT 1 /* object is white (type 1) */ +#define BLACKBIT 2 /* object is black */ +#define FINALIZEDBIT 3 /* object has been separated for finalization */ +#define SEPARATED 4 /* object is in 'finobj' list or in 'tobefnz' */ +#define FIXEDBIT 5 /* object is fixed (should not be collected) */ +#define OLDBIT 6 /* object is old (only in generational mode) */ +/* bit 7 is currently used by tests (luaL_checkmemory) */ + #define WHITEBITS bit2mask(WHITE0BIT, WHITE1BIT) -#define iswhite(x) test2bits((x)->gch.marked, WHITE0BIT, WHITE1BIT) +#define iswhite(x) testbits((x)->gch.marked, WHITEBITS) #define isblack(x) testbit((x)->gch.marked, BLACKBIT) -#define isgray(x) (!isblack(x) && !iswhite(x)) +#define isgray(x) /* neither white nor black */ \ + (!testbits((x)->gch.marked, WHITEBITS | bitmask(BLACKBIT))) + +#define isold(x) testbit((x)->gch.marked, OLDBIT) + +/* MOVE OLD rule: whenever an object is moved to the beginning of + a GC list, its old bit must be cleared */ +#define resetoldbit(o) resetbit((o)->gch.marked, OLDBIT) #define otherwhite(g) (g->currentwhite ^ WHITEBITS) -#define isdead(g,v) ((v)->gch.marked & otherwhite(g) & WHITEBITS) +#define isdeadm(ow,m) (!(((m) ^ WHITEBITS) & (ow))) +#define isdead(g,v) isdeadm(otherwhite(g), (v)->gch.marked) #define changewhite(x) ((x)->gch.marked ^= WHITEBITS) #define gray2black(x) l_setbit((x)->gch.marked, BLACKBIT) @@ -77,34 +119,39 @@ #define luaC_white(g) cast(lu_byte, (g)->currentwhite & WHITEBITS) -#define luaC_checkGC(L) { \ - condhardstacktests(luaD_reallocstack(L, L->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK - 1)); \ - if (G(L)->totalbytes >= G(L)->GCthreshold) \ - luaC_step(L); } +#define luaC_condGC(L,c) \ + {if (G(L)->GCdebt > 0) {c;}; condchangemem(L);} +#define luaC_checkGC(L) luaC_condGC(L, luaC_step(L);) #define luaC_barrier(L,p,v) { if (valiswhite(v) && isblack(obj2gco(p))) \ - luaC_barrierf(L,obj2gco(p),gcvalue(v)); } + luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),gcvalue(v)); } -#define luaC_barriert(L,t,v) { if (valiswhite(v) && isblack(obj2gco(t))) \ - luaC_barrierback(L,t); } +#define luaC_barrierback(L,p,v) { if (valiswhite(v) && isblack(obj2gco(p))) \ + luaC_barrierback_(L,p); } #define luaC_objbarrier(L,p,o) \ { if (iswhite(obj2gco(o)) && isblack(obj2gco(p))) \ - luaC_barrierf(L,obj2gco(p),obj2gco(o)); } + luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),obj2gco(o)); } -#define luaC_objbarriert(L,t,o) \ - { if (iswhite(obj2gco(o)) && isblack(obj2gco(t))) luaC_barrierback(L,t); } +#define luaC_objbarrierback(L,p,o) \ + { if (iswhite(obj2gco(o)) && isblack(obj2gco(p))) luaC_barrierback_(L,p); } -LUAI_FUNC size_t luaC_separateudata (lua_State *L, int all); -LUAI_FUNC void luaC_callGCTM (lua_State *L); -LUAI_FUNC void luaC_freeall (lua_State *L); +#define luaC_barrierproto(L,p,c) \ + { if (isblack(obj2gco(p))) luaC_barrierproto_(L,p,c); } + +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC void luaC_step (lua_State *L); -LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L); -LUAI_FUNC void luaC_link (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, lu_byte tt); -LUAI_FUNC void luaC_linkupval (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv); -LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierf (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v); -LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierback (lua_State *L, Table *t); - +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_forcestep (lua_State *L); +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_runtilstate (lua_State *L, int statesmask); +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L, int isemergency); +LUAI_FUNC GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz, + GCObject **list, int offset); +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v); +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o); +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierproto_ (lua_State *L, Proto *p, Closure *c); +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt); +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_checkupvalcolor (global_State *g, UpVal *uv); +LUAI_FUNC void luaC_changemode (lua_State *L, int mode); #endif diff --git a/lua/src/linit.c b/lua/src/linit.c index c1f90dfa..c1a38304 100644 --- a/lua/src/linit.c +++ b/lua/src/linit.c @@ -1,10 +1,18 @@ /* -** $Id: linit.c,v 1.14.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ -** Initialization of libraries for lua.c +** $Id: linit.c,v 1.32.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ +** Initialization of libraries for lua.c and other clients ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ +/* +** If you embed Lua in your program and need to open the standard +** libraries, call luaL_openlibs in your program. If you need a +** different set of libraries, copy this file to your project and edit +** it to suit your needs. +*/ + + #define linit_c #define LUA_LIB @@ -14,25 +22,46 @@ #include "lauxlib.h" -static const luaL_Reg lualibs[] = { - {"", luaopen_base}, +/* +** these libs are loaded by lua.c and are readily available to any Lua +** program +*/ +static const luaL_Reg loadedlibs[] = { + {"_G", luaopen_base}, {LUA_LOADLIBNAME, luaopen_package}, + {LUA_COLIBNAME, luaopen_coroutine}, {LUA_TABLIBNAME, luaopen_table}, {LUA_IOLIBNAME, luaopen_io}, {LUA_OSLIBNAME, luaopen_os}, {LUA_STRLIBNAME, luaopen_string}, + {LUA_BITLIBNAME, luaopen_bit32}, {LUA_MATHLIBNAME, luaopen_math}, {LUA_DBLIBNAME, luaopen_debug}, {NULL, NULL} }; +/* +** these libs are preloaded and must be required before used +*/ +static const luaL_Reg preloadedlibs[] = { + {NULL, NULL} +}; + + LUALIB_API void luaL_openlibs (lua_State *L) { - const luaL_Reg *lib = lualibs; - for (; lib->func; lib++) { - lua_pushcfunction(L, lib->func); - lua_pushstring(L, lib->name); - lua_call(L, 1, 0); + const luaL_Reg *lib; + /* call open functions from 'loadedlibs' and set results to global table */ + for (lib = loadedlibs; lib->func; lib++) { + luaL_requiref(L, lib->name, lib->func, 1); + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove lib */ } + /* add open functions from 'preloadedlibs' into 'package.preload' table */ + luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD"); + for (lib = preloadedlibs; lib->func; lib++) { + lua_pushcfunction(L, lib->func); + lua_setfield(L, -2, lib->name); + } + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove _PRELOAD table */ } diff --git a/lua/src/liolib.c b/lua/src/liolib.c index 649f9a59..2a4ec4aa 100644 --- a/lua/src/liolib.c +++ b/lua/src/liolib.c @@ -1,10 +1,20 @@ /* -** $Id: liolib.c,v 2.73.1.4 2010/05/14 15:33:51 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: liolib.c,v 2.112.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Standard I/O (and system) library ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ +/* +** This definition must come before the inclusion of 'stdio.h'; it +** should not affect non-POSIX systems +*/ +#if !defined(_FILE_OFFSET_BITS) +#define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1 +#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64 +#endif + + #include #include #include @@ -19,49 +29,111 @@ #include "lualib.h" +#if !defined(lua_checkmode) -#define IO_INPUT 1 -#define IO_OUTPUT 2 +/* +** Check whether 'mode' matches '[rwa]%+?b?'. +** Change this macro to accept other modes for 'fopen' besides +** the standard ones. +*/ +#define lua_checkmode(mode) \ + (*mode != '\0' && strchr("rwa", *(mode++)) != NULL && \ + (*mode != '+' || ++mode) && /* skip if char is '+' */ \ + (*mode != 'b' || ++mode) && /* skip if char is 'b' */ \ + (*mode == '\0')) + +#endif + +/* +** {====================================================== +** lua_popen spawns a new process connected to the current +** one through the file streams. +** ======================================================= +*/ + +#if !defined(lua_popen) /* { */ + +#if defined(LUA_USE_POPEN) /* { */ + +#define lua_popen(L,c,m) ((void)L, fflush(NULL), popen(c,m)) +#define lua_pclose(L,file) ((void)L, pclose(file)) + +#elif defined(LUA_WIN) /* }{ */ + +#define lua_popen(L,c,m) ((void)L, _popen(c,m)) +#define lua_pclose(L,file) ((void)L, _pclose(file)) -static const char *const fnames[] = {"input", "output"}; +#else /* }{ */ + +#define lua_popen(L,c,m) ((void)((void)c, m), \ + luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("popen") " not supported"), (FILE*)0) +#define lua_pclose(L,file) ((void)((void)L, file), -1) -static int pushresult (lua_State *L, int i, const char *filename) { - int en = errno; /* calls to Lua API may change this value */ - if (i) { - lua_pushboolean(L, 1); - return 1; - } - else { - lua_pushnil(L); - if (filename) - lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %s", filename, strerror(en)); - else - lua_pushfstring(L, "%s", strerror(en)); - lua_pushinteger(L, en); - return 3; - } -} +#endif /* } */ + +#endif /* } */ + +/* }====================================================== */ -static void fileerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *filename) { - lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %s", filename, strerror(errno)); - luaL_argerror(L, arg, lua_tostring(L, -1)); -} +/* +** {====================================================== +** lua_fseek: configuration for longer offsets +** ======================================================= +*/ + +#if !defined(lua_fseek) && !defined(LUA_ANSI) /* { */ + +#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */ + +#define l_fseek(f,o,w) fseeko(f,o,w) +#define l_ftell(f) ftello(f) +#define l_seeknum off_t + +#elif defined(LUA_WIN) && !defined(_CRTIMP_TYPEINFO) \ + && defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400) /* }{ */ +/* Windows (but not DDK) and Visual C++ 2005 or higher */ + +#define l_fseek(f,o,w) _fseeki64(f,o,w) +#define l_ftell(f) _ftelli64(f) +#define l_seeknum __int64 + +#endif /* } */ + +#endif /* } */ -#define tofilep(L) ((FILE **)luaL_checkudata(L, 1, LUA_FILEHANDLE)) +#if !defined(l_fseek) /* default definitions */ +#define l_fseek(f,o,w) fseek(f,o,w) +#define l_ftell(f) ftell(f) +#define l_seeknum long +#endif + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +#define IO_PREFIX "_IO_" +#define IO_INPUT (IO_PREFIX "input") +#define IO_OUTPUT (IO_PREFIX "output") + + +typedef luaL_Stream LStream; + + +#define tolstream(L) ((LStream *)luaL_checkudata(L, 1, LUA_FILEHANDLE)) + +#define isclosed(p) ((p)->closef == NULL) static int io_type (lua_State *L) { - void *ud; + LStream *p; luaL_checkany(L, 1); - ud = lua_touserdata(L, 1); - lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_FILEHANDLE); - if (ud == NULL || !lua_getmetatable(L, 1) || !lua_rawequal(L, -2, -1)) + p = (LStream *)luaL_testudata(L, 1, LUA_FILEHANDLE); + if (p == NULL) lua_pushnil(L); /* not a file */ - else if (*((FILE **)ud) == NULL) + else if (isclosed(p)) lua_pushliteral(L, "closed file"); else lua_pushliteral(L, "file"); @@ -69,47 +141,59 @@ static int io_type (lua_State *L) { } -static FILE *tofile (lua_State *L) { - FILE **f = tofilep(L); - if (*f == NULL) - luaL_error(L, "attempt to use a closed file"); - return *f; +static int f_tostring (lua_State *L) { + LStream *p = tolstream(L); + if (isclosed(p)) + lua_pushliteral(L, "file (closed)"); + else + lua_pushfstring(L, "file (%p)", p->f); + return 1; } +static FILE *tofile (lua_State *L) { + LStream *p = tolstream(L); + if (isclosed(p)) + luaL_error(L, "attempt to use a closed file"); + lua_assert(p->f); + return p->f; +} + /* ** When creating file handles, always creates a `closed' file handle ** before opening the actual file; so, if there is a memory error, the ** file is not left opened. */ -static FILE **newfile (lua_State *L) { - FILE **pf = (FILE **)lua_newuserdata(L, sizeof(FILE *)); - *pf = NULL; /* file handle is currently `closed' */ - luaL_getmetatable(L, LUA_FILEHANDLE); - lua_setmetatable(L, -2); - return pf; +static LStream *newprefile (lua_State *L) { + LStream *p = (LStream *)lua_newuserdata(L, sizeof(LStream)); + p->closef = NULL; /* mark file handle as 'closed' */ + luaL_setmetatable(L, LUA_FILEHANDLE); + return p; } -/* -** function to (not) close the standard files stdin, stdout, and stderr -*/ -static int io_noclose (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnil(L); - lua_pushliteral(L, "cannot close standard file"); - return 2; +static int aux_close (lua_State *L) { + LStream *p = tolstream(L); + lua_CFunction cf = p->closef; + p->closef = NULL; /* mark stream as closed */ + return (*cf)(L); /* close it */ } -/* -** function to close 'popen' files -*/ -static int io_pclose (lua_State *L) { - FILE **p = tofilep(L); - int ok = lua_pclose(L, *p); - *p = NULL; - return pushresult(L, ok, NULL); +static int io_close (lua_State *L) { + if (lua_isnone(L, 1)) /* no argument? */ + lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, IO_OUTPUT); /* use standard output */ + tofile(L); /* make sure argument is an open stream */ + return aux_close(L); +} + + +static int f_gc (lua_State *L) { + LStream *p = tolstream(L); + if (!isclosed(p) && p->f != NULL) + aux_close(L); /* ignore closed and incompletely open files */ + return 0; } @@ -117,103 +201,88 @@ static int io_pclose (lua_State *L) { ** function to close regular files */ static int io_fclose (lua_State *L) { - FILE **p = tofilep(L); - int ok = (fclose(*p) == 0); - *p = NULL; - return pushresult(L, ok, NULL); + LStream *p = tolstream(L); + int res = fclose(p->f); + return luaL_fileresult(L, (res == 0), NULL); } -static int aux_close (lua_State *L) { - lua_getfenv(L, 1); - lua_getfield(L, -1, "__close"); - return (lua_tocfunction(L, -1))(L); +static LStream *newfile (lua_State *L) { + LStream *p = newprefile(L); + p->f = NULL; + p->closef = &io_fclose; + return p; } -static int io_close (lua_State *L) { - if (lua_isnone(L, 1)) - lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX, IO_OUTPUT); - tofile(L); /* make sure argument is a file */ - return aux_close(L); -} - - -static int io_gc (lua_State *L) { - FILE *f = *tofilep(L); - /* ignore closed files */ - if (f != NULL) - aux_close(L); - return 0; -} - - -static int io_tostring (lua_State *L) { - FILE *f = *tofilep(L); - if (f == NULL) - lua_pushliteral(L, "file (closed)"); - else - lua_pushfstring(L, "file (%p)", f); - return 1; +static void opencheck (lua_State *L, const char *fname, const char *mode) { + LStream *p = newfile(L); + p->f = fopen(fname, mode); + if (p->f == NULL) + luaL_error(L, "cannot open file " LUA_QS " (%s)", fname, strerror(errno)); } static int io_open (lua_State *L) { const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "r"); - FILE **pf = newfile(L); - *pf = fopen(filename, mode); - return (*pf == NULL) ? pushresult(L, 0, filename) : 1; + LStream *p = newfile(L); + const char *md = mode; /* to traverse/check mode */ + luaL_argcheck(L, lua_checkmode(md), 2, "invalid mode"); + p->f = fopen(filename, mode); + return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, filename) : 1; } /* -** this function has a separated environment, which defines the -** correct __close for 'popen' files +** function to close 'popen' files */ +static int io_pclose (lua_State *L) { + LStream *p = tolstream(L); + return luaL_execresult(L, lua_pclose(L, p->f)); +} + + static int io_popen (lua_State *L) { const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "r"); - FILE **pf = newfile(L); - *pf = lua_popen(L, filename, mode); - return (*pf == NULL) ? pushresult(L, 0, filename) : 1; + LStream *p = newprefile(L); + p->f = lua_popen(L, filename, mode); + p->closef = &io_pclose; + return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, filename) : 1; } static int io_tmpfile (lua_State *L) { - FILE **pf = newfile(L); - *pf = tmpfile(); - return (*pf == NULL) ? pushresult(L, 0, NULL) : 1; + LStream *p = newfile(L); + p->f = tmpfile(); + return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL) : 1; } -static FILE *getiofile (lua_State *L, int findex) { - FILE *f; - lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX, findex); - f = *(FILE **)lua_touserdata(L, -1); - if (f == NULL) - luaL_error(L, "standard %s file is closed", fnames[findex - 1]); - return f; +static FILE *getiofile (lua_State *L, const char *findex) { + LStream *p; + lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, findex); + p = (LStream *)lua_touserdata(L, -1); + if (isclosed(p)) + luaL_error(L, "standard %s file is closed", findex + strlen(IO_PREFIX)); + return p->f; } -static int g_iofile (lua_State *L, int f, const char *mode) { +static int g_iofile (lua_State *L, const char *f, const char *mode) { if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 1)) { const char *filename = lua_tostring(L, 1); - if (filename) { - FILE **pf = newfile(L); - *pf = fopen(filename, mode); - if (*pf == NULL) - fileerror(L, 1, filename); - } + if (filename) + opencheck(L, filename, mode); else { tofile(L); /* check that it's a valid file handle */ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); } - lua_rawseti(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX, f); + lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, f); } /* return current value */ - lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX, f); + lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, f); return 1; } @@ -231,35 +300,43 @@ static int io_output (lua_State *L) { static int io_readline (lua_State *L); -static void aux_lines (lua_State *L, int idx, int toclose) { - lua_pushvalue(L, idx); +static void aux_lines (lua_State *L, int toclose) { + int i; + int n = lua_gettop(L) - 1; /* number of arguments to read */ + /* ensure that arguments will fit here and into 'io_readline' stack */ + luaL_argcheck(L, n <= LUA_MINSTACK - 3, LUA_MINSTACK - 3, "too many options"); + lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* file handle */ + lua_pushinteger(L, n); /* number of arguments to read */ lua_pushboolean(L, toclose); /* close/not close file when finished */ - lua_pushcclosure(L, io_readline, 2); + for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) lua_pushvalue(L, i + 1); /* copy arguments */ + lua_pushcclosure(L, io_readline, 3 + n); } static int f_lines (lua_State *L) { tofile(L); /* check that it's a valid file handle */ - aux_lines(L, 1, 0); + aux_lines(L, 0); return 1; } static int io_lines (lua_State *L) { - if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 1)) { /* no arguments? */ - /* will iterate over default input */ - lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX, IO_INPUT); - return f_lines(L); + int toclose; + if (lua_isnone(L, 1)) lua_pushnil(L); /* at least one argument */ + if (lua_isnil(L, 1)) { /* no file name? */ + lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, IO_INPUT); /* get default input */ + lua_replace(L, 1); /* put it at index 1 */ + tofile(L); /* check that it's a valid file handle */ + toclose = 0; /* do not close it after iteration */ } - else { + else { /* open a new file */ const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); - FILE **pf = newfile(L); - *pf = fopen(filename, "r"); - if (*pf == NULL) - fileerror(L, 1, filename); - aux_lines(L, lua_gettop(L), 1); - return 1; + opencheck(L, filename, "r"); + lua_replace(L, 1); /* put file at index 1 */ + toclose = 1; /* close it after iteration */ } + aux_lines(L, toclose); + return 1; } @@ -277,8 +354,8 @@ static int read_number (lua_State *L, FILE *f) { return 1; } else { - lua_pushnil(L); /* "result" to be removed */ - return 0; /* read fails */ + lua_pushnil(L); /* "result" to be removed */ + return 0; /* read fails */ } } @@ -291,7 +368,7 @@ static int test_eof (lua_State *L, FILE *f) { } -static int read_line (lua_State *L, FILE *f) { +static int read_line (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int chop) { luaL_Buffer b; luaL_buffinit(L, &b); for (;;) { @@ -299,13 +376,13 @@ static int read_line (lua_State *L, FILE *f) { char *p = luaL_prepbuffer(&b); if (fgets(p, LUAL_BUFFERSIZE, f) == NULL) { /* eof? */ luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */ - return (lua_objlen(L, -1) > 0); /* check whether read something */ + return (lua_rawlen(L, -1) > 0); /* check whether read something */ } l = strlen(p); if (l == 0 || p[l-1] != '\n') luaL_addsize(&b, l); else { - luaL_addsize(&b, l - 1); /* do not include `eol' */ + luaL_addsize(&b, l - chop); /* chop 'eol' if needed */ luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */ return 1; /* read at least an `eol' */ } @@ -313,21 +390,34 @@ static int read_line (lua_State *L, FILE *f) { } -static int read_chars (lua_State *L, FILE *f, size_t n) { - size_t rlen; /* how much to read */ - size_t nr; /* number of chars actually read */ +#define MAX_SIZE_T (~(size_t)0) + +static void read_all (lua_State *L, FILE *f) { + size_t rlen = LUAL_BUFFERSIZE; /* how much to read in each cycle */ luaL_Buffer b; luaL_buffinit(L, &b); - rlen = LUAL_BUFFERSIZE; /* try to read that much each time */ - do { - char *p = luaL_prepbuffer(&b); - if (rlen > n) rlen = n; /* cannot read more than asked */ - nr = fread(p, sizeof(char), rlen, f); + for (;;) { + char *p = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, rlen); + size_t nr = fread(p, sizeof(char), rlen, f); luaL_addsize(&b, nr); - n -= nr; /* still have to read `n' chars */ - } while (n > 0 && nr == rlen); /* until end of count or eof */ + if (nr < rlen) break; /* eof? */ + else if (rlen <= (MAX_SIZE_T / 4)) /* avoid buffers too large */ + rlen *= 2; /* double buffer size at each iteration */ + } luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */ - return (n == 0 || lua_objlen(L, -1) > 0); +} + + +static int read_chars (lua_State *L, FILE *f, size_t n) { + size_t nr; /* number of chars actually read */ + char *p; + luaL_Buffer b; + luaL_buffinit(L, &b); + p = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, n); /* prepare buffer to read whole block */ + nr = fread(p, sizeof(char), n, f); /* try to read 'n' chars */ + luaL_addsize(&b, nr); + luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */ + return (nr > 0); /* true iff read something */ } @@ -337,7 +427,7 @@ static int g_read (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int first) { int n; clearerr(f); if (nargs == 0) { /* no arguments? */ - success = read_line(L, f); + success = read_line(L, f, 1); n = first+1; /* to return 1 result */ } else { /* ensure stack space for all results and for auxlib's buffer */ @@ -356,10 +446,13 @@ static int g_read (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int first) { success = read_number(L, f); break; case 'l': /* line */ - success = read_line(L, f); + success = read_line(L, f, 1); + break; + case 'L': /* line with end-of-line */ + success = read_line(L, f, 0); break; case 'a': /* file */ - read_chars(L, f, ~((size_t)0)); /* read MAX_SIZE_T chars */ + read_all(L, f); /* read entire file */ success = 1; /* always success */ break; default: @@ -369,7 +462,7 @@ static int g_read (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int first) { } } if (ferror(f)) - return pushresult(L, 0, NULL); + return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL); if (!success) { lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove last result */ lua_pushnil(L); /* push nil instead */ @@ -389,16 +482,24 @@ static int f_read (lua_State *L) { static int io_readline (lua_State *L) { - FILE *f = *(FILE **)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); - int sucess; - if (f == NULL) /* file is already closed? */ - luaL_error(L, "file is already closed"); - sucess = read_line(L, f); - if (ferror(f)) - return luaL_error(L, "%s", strerror(errno)); - if (sucess) return 1; - else { /* EOF */ - if (lua_toboolean(L, lua_upvalueindex(2))) { /* generator created file? */ + LStream *p = (LStream *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); + int i; + int n = (int)lua_tointeger(L, lua_upvalueindex(2)); + if (isclosed(p)) /* file is already closed? */ + return luaL_error(L, "file is already closed"); + lua_settop(L , 1); + for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) /* push arguments to 'g_read' */ + lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(3 + i)); + n = g_read(L, p->f, 2); /* 'n' is number of results */ + lua_assert(n > 0); /* should return at least a nil */ + if (!lua_isnil(L, -n)) /* read at least one value? */ + return n; /* return them */ + else { /* first result is nil: EOF or error */ + if (n > 1) { /* is there error information? */ + /* 2nd result is error message */ + return luaL_error(L, "%s", lua_tostring(L, -n + 1)); + } + if (lua_toboolean(L, lua_upvalueindex(3))) { /* generator created file? */ lua_settop(L, 0); lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); aux_close(L); /* close it */ @@ -411,7 +512,7 @@ static int io_readline (lua_State *L) { static int g_write (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int arg) { - int nargs = lua_gettop(L) - 1; + int nargs = lua_gettop(L) - arg; int status = 1; for (; nargs--; arg++) { if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNUMBER) { @@ -425,7 +526,8 @@ static int g_write (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int arg) { status = status && (fwrite(s, sizeof(char), l, f) == l); } } - return pushresult(L, status, NULL); + if (status) return 1; /* file handle already on stack top */ + else return luaL_fileresult(L, status, NULL); } @@ -435,7 +537,9 @@ static int io_write (lua_State *L) { static int f_write (lua_State *L) { - return g_write(L, tofile(L), 2); + FILE *f = tofile(L); + lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* push file at the stack top (to be returned) */ + return g_write(L, f, 2); } @@ -444,12 +548,15 @@ static int f_seek (lua_State *L) { static const char *const modenames[] = {"set", "cur", "end", NULL}; FILE *f = tofile(L); int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, "cur", modenames); - long offset = luaL_optlong(L, 3, 0); - op = fseek(f, offset, mode[op]); + lua_Number p3 = luaL_optnumber(L, 3, 0); + l_seeknum offset = (l_seeknum)p3; + luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Number)offset == p3, 3, + "not an integer in proper range"); + op = l_fseek(f, offset, mode[op]); if (op) - return pushresult(L, 0, NULL); /* error */ + return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL); /* error */ else { - lua_pushinteger(L, ftell(f)); + lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)l_ftell(f)); return 1; } } @@ -462,21 +569,24 @@ static int f_setvbuf (lua_State *L) { int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, NULL, modenames); lua_Integer sz = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, LUAL_BUFFERSIZE); int res = setvbuf(f, NULL, mode[op], sz); - return pushresult(L, res == 0, NULL); + return luaL_fileresult(L, res == 0, NULL); } static int io_flush (lua_State *L) { - return pushresult(L, fflush(getiofile(L, IO_OUTPUT)) == 0, NULL); + return luaL_fileresult(L, fflush(getiofile(L, IO_OUTPUT)) == 0, NULL); } static int f_flush (lua_State *L) { - return pushresult(L, fflush(tofile(L)) == 0, NULL); + return luaL_fileresult(L, fflush(tofile(L)) == 0, NULL); } +/* +** functions for 'io' library +*/ static const luaL_Reg iolib[] = { {"close", io_close}, {"flush", io_flush}, @@ -493,6 +603,9 @@ static const luaL_Reg iolib[] = { }; +/* +** methods for file handles +*/ static const luaL_Reg flib[] = { {"close", io_close}, {"flush", f_flush}, @@ -501,8 +614,8 @@ static const luaL_Reg flib[] = { {"seek", f_seek}, {"setvbuf", f_setvbuf}, {"write", f_write}, - {"__gc", io_gc}, - {"__tostring", io_tostring}, + {"__gc", f_gc}, + {"__tostring", f_tostring}, {NULL, NULL} }; @@ -511,46 +624,43 @@ static void createmeta (lua_State *L) { luaL_newmetatable(L, LUA_FILEHANDLE); /* create metatable for file handles */ lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* push metatable */ lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index"); /* metatable.__index = metatable */ - luaL_register(L, NULL, flib); /* file methods */ + luaL_setfuncs(L, flib, 0); /* add file methods to new metatable */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop new metatable */ } -static void createstdfile (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int k, const char *fname) { - *newfile(L) = f; - if (k > 0) { +/* +** function to (not) close the standard files stdin, stdout, and stderr +*/ +static int io_noclose (lua_State *L) { + LStream *p = tolstream(L); + p->closef = &io_noclose; /* keep file opened */ + lua_pushnil(L); + lua_pushliteral(L, "cannot close standard file"); + return 2; +} + + +static void createstdfile (lua_State *L, FILE *f, const char *k, + const char *fname) { + LStream *p = newprefile(L); + p->f = f; + p->closef = &io_noclose; + if (k != NULL) { lua_pushvalue(L, -1); - lua_rawseti(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX, k); + lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, k); /* add file to registry */ } - lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* copy environment */ - lua_setfenv(L, -2); /* set it */ - lua_setfield(L, -3, fname); + lua_setfield(L, -2, fname); /* add file to module */ } -static void newfenv (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction cls) { - lua_createtable(L, 0, 1); - lua_pushcfunction(L, cls); - lua_setfield(L, -2, "__close"); -} - - -LUALIB_API int luaopen_io (lua_State *L) { +LUAMOD_API int luaopen_io (lua_State *L) { + luaL_newlib(L, iolib); /* new module */ createmeta(L); - /* create (private) environment (with fields IO_INPUT, IO_OUTPUT, __close) */ - newfenv(L, io_fclose); - lua_replace(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX); - /* open library */ - luaL_register(L, LUA_IOLIBNAME, iolib); /* create (and set) default files */ - newfenv(L, io_noclose); /* close function for default files */ createstdfile(L, stdin, IO_INPUT, "stdin"); createstdfile(L, stdout, IO_OUTPUT, "stdout"); - createstdfile(L, stderr, 0, "stderr"); - lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop environment for default files */ - lua_getfield(L, -1, "popen"); - newfenv(L, io_pclose); /* create environment for 'popen' */ - lua_setfenv(L, -2); /* set fenv for 'popen' */ - lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop 'popen' */ + createstdfile(L, stderr, NULL, "stderr"); return 1; } diff --git a/lua/src/llex.c b/lua/src/llex.c index 88c6790c..c4b820e8 100644 --- a/lua/src/llex.c +++ b/lua/src/llex.c @@ -1,11 +1,10 @@ /* -** $Id: llex.c,v 2.20.1.2 2009/11/23 14:58:22 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: llex.c,v 2.63.1.2 2013/08/30 15:49:41 roberto Exp $ ** Lexical Analyzer ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ -#include #include #include @@ -14,6 +13,7 @@ #include "lua.h" +#include "lctype.h" #include "ldo.h" #include "llex.h" #include "lobject.h" @@ -29,35 +29,36 @@ - #define currIsNewline(ls) (ls->current == '\n' || ls->current == '\r') /* ORDER RESERVED */ -const char *const luaX_tokens [] = { +static const char *const luaX_tokens [] = { "and", "break", "do", "else", "elseif", - "end", "false", "for", "function", "if", + "end", "false", "for", "function", "goto", "if", "in", "local", "nil", "not", "or", "repeat", "return", "then", "true", "until", "while", - "..", "...", "==", ">=", "<=", "~=", - "", "", "", "", - NULL + "..", "...", "==", ">=", "<=", "~=", "::", "", + "", "", "" }; #define save_and_next(ls) (save(ls, ls->current), next(ls)) +static l_noret lexerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg, int token); + + static void save (LexState *ls, int c) { Mbuffer *b = ls->buff; - if (b->n + 1 > b->buffsize) { + if (luaZ_bufflen(b) + 1 > luaZ_sizebuffer(b)) { size_t newsize; - if (b->buffsize >= MAX_SIZET/2) - luaX_lexerror(ls, "lexical element too long", 0); - newsize = b->buffsize * 2; + if (luaZ_sizebuffer(b) >= MAX_SIZET/2) + lexerror(ls, "lexical element too long", 0); + newsize = luaZ_sizebuffer(b) * 2; luaZ_resizebuffer(ls->L, b, newsize); } - b->buffer[b->n++] = cast(char, c); + b->buffer[luaZ_bufflen(b)++] = cast(char, c); } @@ -66,23 +67,24 @@ void luaX_init (lua_State *L) { for (i=0; itsv.reserved = cast_byte(i+1); /* reserved word */ + ts->tsv.extra = cast_byte(i+1); /* reserved word */ } } -#define MAXSRC 80 - - const char *luaX_token2str (LexState *ls, int token) { - if (token < FIRST_RESERVED) { + if (token < FIRST_RESERVED) { /* single-byte symbols? */ lua_assert(token == cast(unsigned char, token)); - return (iscntrl(token)) ? luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "char(%d)", token) : - luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%c", token); + return (lisprint(token)) ? luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, LUA_QL("%c"), token) : + luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "char(%d)", token); + } + else { + const char *s = luaX_tokens[token - FIRST_RESERVED]; + if (token < TK_EOS) /* fixed format (symbols and reserved words)? */ + return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, LUA_QS, s); + else /* names, strings, and numerals */ + return s; } - else - return luaX_tokens[token-FIRST_RESERVED]; } @@ -92,40 +94,57 @@ static const char *txtToken (LexState *ls, int token) { case TK_STRING: case TK_NUMBER: save(ls, '\0'); - return luaZ_buffer(ls->buff); + return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, LUA_QS, luaZ_buffer(ls->buff)); default: return luaX_token2str(ls, token); } } -void luaX_lexerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg, int token) { - char buff[MAXSRC]; - luaO_chunkid(buff, getstr(ls->source), MAXSRC); +static l_noret lexerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg, int token) { + char buff[LUA_IDSIZE]; + luaO_chunkid(buff, getstr(ls->source), LUA_IDSIZE); msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s:%d: %s", buff, ls->linenumber, msg); if (token) - luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s near " LUA_QS, msg, txtToken(ls, token)); + luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s near %s", msg, txtToken(ls, token)); luaD_throw(ls->L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX); } -void luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) { - luaX_lexerror(ls, msg, ls->t.token); +l_noret luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) { + lexerror(ls, msg, ls->t.token); } +/* +** creates a new string and anchors it in function's table so that +** it will not be collected until the end of the function's compilation +** (by that time it should be anchored in function's prototype) +*/ TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l) { lua_State *L = ls->L; - TString *ts = luaS_newlstr(L, str, l); - TValue *o = luaH_setstr(L, ls->fs->h, ts); /* entry for `str' */ - if (ttisnil(o)) { - setbvalue(o, 1); /* make sure `str' will not be collected */ + TValue *o; /* entry for `str' */ + TString *ts = luaS_newlstr(L, str, l); /* create new string */ + setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, ts); /* temporarily anchor it in stack */ + o = luaH_set(L, ls->fs->h, L->top - 1); + if (ttisnil(o)) { /* not in use yet? (see 'addK') */ + /* boolean value does not need GC barrier; + table has no metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */ + setbvalue(o, 1); /* t[string] = true */ luaC_checkGC(L); } + else { /* string already present */ + ts = rawtsvalue(keyfromval(o)); /* re-use value previously stored */ + } + L->top--; /* remove string from stack */ return ts; } +/* +** increment line number and skips newline sequence (any of +** \n, \r, \n\r, or \r\n) +*/ static void inclinenumber (LexState *ls) { int old = ls->current; lua_assert(currIsNewline(ls)); @@ -137,17 +156,20 @@ static void inclinenumber (LexState *ls) { } -void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, TString *source) { +void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, TString *source, + int firstchar) { ls->decpoint = '.'; ls->L = L; + ls->current = firstchar; ls->lookahead.token = TK_EOS; /* no look-ahead token */ ls->z = z; ls->fs = NULL; ls->linenumber = 1; ls->lastline = 1; ls->source = source; + ls->envn = luaS_new(L, LUA_ENV); /* create env name */ + luaS_fix(ls->envn); /* never collect this name */ luaZ_resizebuffer(ls->L, ls->buff, LUA_MINBUFFER); /* initialize buffer */ - next(ls); /* read first char */ } @@ -161,13 +183,16 @@ void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, TString *source) { static int check_next (LexState *ls, const char *set) { - if (!strchr(set, ls->current)) + if (ls->current == '\0' || !strchr(set, ls->current)) return 0; save_and_next(ls); return 1; } +/* +** change all characters 'from' in buffer to 'to' +*/ static void buffreplace (LexState *ls, char from, char to) { size_t n = luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff); char *p = luaZ_buffer(ls->buff); @@ -176,37 +201,59 @@ static void buffreplace (LexState *ls, char from, char to) { } +#if !defined(getlocaledecpoint) +#define getlocaledecpoint() (localeconv()->decimal_point[0]) +#endif + + +#define buff2d(b,e) luaO_str2d(luaZ_buffer(b), luaZ_bufflen(b) - 1, e) + +/* +** in case of format error, try to change decimal point separator to +** the one defined in the current locale and check again +*/ static void trydecpoint (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) { - /* format error: try to update decimal point separator */ - struct lconv *cv = localeconv(); char old = ls->decpoint; - ls->decpoint = (cv ? cv->decimal_point[0] : '.'); - buffreplace(ls, old, ls->decpoint); /* try updated decimal separator */ - if (!luaO_str2d(luaZ_buffer(ls->buff), &seminfo->r)) { + ls->decpoint = getlocaledecpoint(); + buffreplace(ls, old, ls->decpoint); /* try new decimal separator */ + if (!buff2d(ls->buff, &seminfo->r)) { /* format error with correct decimal point: no more options */ buffreplace(ls, ls->decpoint, '.'); /* undo change (for error message) */ - luaX_lexerror(ls, "malformed number", TK_NUMBER); + lexerror(ls, "malformed number", TK_NUMBER); } } /* LUA_NUMBER */ +/* +** this function is quite liberal in what it accepts, as 'luaO_str2d' +** will reject ill-formed numerals. +*/ static void read_numeral (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) { - lua_assert(isdigit(ls->current)); - do { - save_and_next(ls); - } while (isdigit(ls->current) || ls->current == '.'); - if (check_next(ls, "Ee")) /* `E'? */ - check_next(ls, "+-"); /* optional exponent sign */ - while (isalnum(ls->current) || ls->current == '_') - save_and_next(ls); + const char *expo = "Ee"; + int first = ls->current; + lua_assert(lisdigit(ls->current)); + save_and_next(ls); + if (first == '0' && check_next(ls, "Xx")) /* hexadecimal? */ + expo = "Pp"; + for (;;) { + if (check_next(ls, expo)) /* exponent part? */ + check_next(ls, "+-"); /* optional exponent sign */ + if (lisxdigit(ls->current) || ls->current == '.') + save_and_next(ls); + else break; + } save(ls, '\0'); buffreplace(ls, '.', ls->decpoint); /* follow locale for decimal point */ - if (!luaO_str2d(luaZ_buffer(ls->buff), &seminfo->r)) /* format error? */ + if (!buff2d(ls->buff, &seminfo->r)) /* format error? */ trydecpoint(ls, seminfo); /* try to update decimal point separator */ } +/* +** skip a sequence '[=*[' or ']=*]' and return its number of '='s or +** -1 if sequence is malformed +*/ static int skip_sep (LexState *ls) { int count = 0; int s = ls->current; @@ -221,43 +268,23 @@ static int skip_sep (LexState *ls) { static void read_long_string (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo, int sep) { - int cont = 0; - (void)(cont); /* avoid warnings when `cont' is not used */ save_and_next(ls); /* skip 2nd `[' */ if (currIsNewline(ls)) /* string starts with a newline? */ inclinenumber(ls); /* skip it */ for (;;) { switch (ls->current) { case EOZ: - luaX_lexerror(ls, (seminfo) ? "unfinished long string" : - "unfinished long comment", TK_EOS); + lexerror(ls, (seminfo) ? "unfinished long string" : + "unfinished long comment", TK_EOS); break; /* to avoid warnings */ -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LSTR) - case '[': { - if (skip_sep(ls) == sep) { - save_and_next(ls); /* skip 2nd `[' */ - cont++; -#if LUA_COMPAT_LSTR == 1 - if (sep == 0) - luaX_lexerror(ls, "nesting of [[...]] is deprecated", '['); -#endif - } - break; - } -#endif case ']': { if (skip_sep(ls) == sep) { save_and_next(ls); /* skip 2nd `]' */ -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LSTR) && LUA_COMPAT_LSTR == 2 - cont--; - if (sep == 0 && cont >= 0) break; -#endif goto endloop; } break; } - case '\n': - case '\r': { + case '\n': case '\r': { save(ls, '\n'); inclinenumber(ls); if (!seminfo) luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* avoid wasting space */ @@ -275,51 +302,91 @@ static void read_long_string (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo, int sep) { } +static void escerror (LexState *ls, int *c, int n, const char *msg) { + int i; + luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* prepare error message */ + save(ls, '\\'); + for (i = 0; i < n && c[i] != EOZ; i++) + save(ls, c[i]); + lexerror(ls, msg, TK_STRING); +} + + +static int readhexaesc (LexState *ls) { + int c[3], i; /* keep input for error message */ + int r = 0; /* result accumulator */ + c[0] = 'x'; /* for error message */ + for (i = 1; i < 3; i++) { /* read two hexadecimal digits */ + c[i] = next(ls); + if (!lisxdigit(c[i])) + escerror(ls, c, i + 1, "hexadecimal digit expected"); + r = (r << 4) + luaO_hexavalue(c[i]); + } + return r; +} + + +static int readdecesc (LexState *ls) { + int c[3], i; + int r = 0; /* result accumulator */ + for (i = 0; i < 3 && lisdigit(ls->current); i++) { /* read up to 3 digits */ + c[i] = ls->current; + r = 10*r + c[i] - '0'; + next(ls); + } + if (r > UCHAR_MAX) + escerror(ls, c, i, "decimal escape too large"); + return r; +} + + static void read_string (LexState *ls, int del, SemInfo *seminfo) { - save_and_next(ls); + save_and_next(ls); /* keep delimiter (for error messages) */ while (ls->current != del) { switch (ls->current) { case EOZ: - luaX_lexerror(ls, "unfinished string", TK_EOS); - continue; /* to avoid warnings */ + lexerror(ls, "unfinished string", TK_EOS); + break; /* to avoid warnings */ case '\n': case '\r': - luaX_lexerror(ls, "unfinished string", TK_STRING); - continue; /* to avoid warnings */ - case '\\': { - int c; + lexerror(ls, "unfinished string", TK_STRING); + break; /* to avoid warnings */ + case '\\': { /* escape sequences */ + int c; /* final character to be saved */ next(ls); /* do not save the `\' */ switch (ls->current) { - case 'a': c = '\a'; break; - case 'b': c = '\b'; break; - case 'f': c = '\f'; break; - case 'n': c = '\n'; break; - case 'r': c = '\r'; break; - case 't': c = '\t'; break; - case 'v': c = '\v'; break; - case '\n': /* go through */ - case '\r': save(ls, '\n'); inclinenumber(ls); continue; - case EOZ: continue; /* will raise an error next loop */ - default: { - if (!isdigit(ls->current)) - save_and_next(ls); /* handles \\, \", \', and \? */ - else { /* \xxx */ - int i = 0; - c = 0; - do { - c = 10*c + (ls->current-'0'); - next(ls); - } while (++i<3 && isdigit(ls->current)); - if (c > UCHAR_MAX) - luaX_lexerror(ls, "escape sequence too large", TK_STRING); - save(ls, c); + case 'a': c = '\a'; goto read_save; + case 'b': c = '\b'; goto read_save; + case 'f': c = '\f'; goto read_save; + case 'n': c = '\n'; goto read_save; + case 'r': c = '\r'; goto read_save; + case 't': c = '\t'; goto read_save; + case 'v': c = '\v'; goto read_save; + case 'x': c = readhexaesc(ls); goto read_save; + case '\n': case '\r': + inclinenumber(ls); c = '\n'; goto only_save; + case '\\': case '\"': case '\'': + c = ls->current; goto read_save; + case EOZ: goto no_save; /* will raise an error next loop */ + case 'z': { /* zap following span of spaces */ + next(ls); /* skip the 'z' */ + while (lisspace(ls->current)) { + if (currIsNewline(ls)) inclinenumber(ls); + else next(ls); } - continue; + goto no_save; + } + default: { + if (!lisdigit(ls->current)) + escerror(ls, &ls->current, 1, "invalid escape sequence"); + /* digital escape \ddd */ + c = readdecesc(ls); + goto only_save; } } - save(ls, c); - next(ls); - continue; + read_save: next(ls); /* read next character */ + only_save: save(ls, c); /* save 'c' */ + no_save: break; } default: save_and_next(ls); @@ -335,38 +402,41 @@ static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) { luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); for (;;) { switch (ls->current) { - case '\n': - case '\r': { + case '\n': case '\r': { /* line breaks */ inclinenumber(ls); - continue; + break; } - case '-': { + case ' ': case '\f': case '\t': case '\v': { /* spaces */ + next(ls); + break; + } + case '-': { /* '-' or '--' (comment) */ next(ls); if (ls->current != '-') return '-'; /* else is a comment */ next(ls); - if (ls->current == '[') { + if (ls->current == '[') { /* long comment? */ int sep = skip_sep(ls); luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* `skip_sep' may dirty the buffer */ if (sep >= 0) { - read_long_string(ls, NULL, sep); /* long comment */ - luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); - continue; + read_long_string(ls, NULL, sep); /* skip long comment */ + luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* previous call may dirty the buff. */ + break; } } /* else short comment */ while (!currIsNewline(ls) && ls->current != EOZ) - next(ls); - continue; + next(ls); /* skip until end of line (or end of file) */ + break; } - case '[': { + case '[': { /* long string or simply '[' */ int sep = skip_sep(ls); if (sep >= 0) { read_long_string(ls, seminfo, sep); return TK_STRING; } else if (sep == -1) return '['; - else luaX_lexerror(ls, "invalid long string delimiter", TK_STRING); + else lexerror(ls, "invalid long string delimiter", TK_STRING); } case '=': { next(ls); @@ -388,56 +458,52 @@ static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) { if (ls->current != '=') return '~'; else { next(ls); return TK_NE; } } - case '"': - case '\'': { + case ':': { + next(ls); + if (ls->current != ':') return ':'; + else { next(ls); return TK_DBCOLON; } + } + case '"': case '\'': { /* short literal strings */ read_string(ls, ls->current, seminfo); return TK_STRING; } - case '.': { + case '.': { /* '.', '..', '...', or number */ save_and_next(ls); if (check_next(ls, ".")) { if (check_next(ls, ".")) - return TK_DOTS; /* ... */ - else return TK_CONCAT; /* .. */ - } - else if (!isdigit(ls->current)) return '.'; - else { - read_numeral(ls, seminfo); - return TK_NUMBER; + return TK_DOTS; /* '...' */ + else return TK_CONCAT; /* '..' */ } + else if (!lisdigit(ls->current)) return '.'; + /* else go through */ + } + case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': + case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': { + read_numeral(ls, seminfo); + return TK_NUMBER; } case EOZ: { return TK_EOS; } default: { - if (isspace(ls->current)) { - lua_assert(!currIsNewline(ls)); - next(ls); - continue; - } - else if (isdigit(ls->current)) { - read_numeral(ls, seminfo); - return TK_NUMBER; - } - else if (isalpha(ls->current) || ls->current == '_') { - /* identifier or reserved word */ + if (lislalpha(ls->current)) { /* identifier or reserved word? */ TString *ts; do { save_and_next(ls); - } while (isalnum(ls->current) || ls->current == '_'); + } while (lislalnum(ls->current)); ts = luaX_newstring(ls, luaZ_buffer(ls->buff), luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff)); - if (ts->tsv.reserved > 0) /* reserved word? */ - return ts->tsv.reserved - 1 + FIRST_RESERVED; + seminfo->ts = ts; + if (isreserved(ts)) /* reserved word? */ + return ts->tsv.extra - 1 + FIRST_RESERVED; else { - seminfo->ts = ts; return TK_NAME; } } - else { + else { /* single-char tokens (+ - / ...) */ int c = ls->current; next(ls); - return c; /* single-char tokens (+ - / ...) */ + return c; } } } @@ -456,8 +522,9 @@ void luaX_next (LexState *ls) { } -void luaX_lookahead (LexState *ls) { +int luaX_lookahead (LexState *ls) { lua_assert(ls->lookahead.token == TK_EOS); ls->lookahead.token = llex(ls, &ls->lookahead.seminfo); + return ls->lookahead.token; } diff --git a/lua/src/llex.h b/lua/src/llex.h index a9201cee..a4acdd30 100644 --- a/lua/src/llex.h +++ b/lua/src/llex.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: llex.h,v 1.58.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: llex.h,v 1.72.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Lexical Analyzer ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ #define FIRST_RESERVED 257 -/* maximum length of a reserved word */ -#define TOKEN_LEN (sizeof("function")/sizeof(char)) /* @@ -25,21 +23,17 @@ enum RESERVED { /* terminal symbols denoted by reserved words */ TK_AND = FIRST_RESERVED, TK_BREAK, TK_DO, TK_ELSE, TK_ELSEIF, TK_END, TK_FALSE, TK_FOR, TK_FUNCTION, - TK_IF, TK_IN, TK_LOCAL, TK_NIL, TK_NOT, TK_OR, TK_REPEAT, + TK_GOTO, TK_IF, TK_IN, TK_LOCAL, TK_NIL, TK_NOT, TK_OR, TK_REPEAT, TK_RETURN, TK_THEN, TK_TRUE, TK_UNTIL, TK_WHILE, /* other terminal symbols */ - TK_CONCAT, TK_DOTS, TK_EQ, TK_GE, TK_LE, TK_NE, TK_NUMBER, - TK_NAME, TK_STRING, TK_EOS + TK_CONCAT, TK_DOTS, TK_EQ, TK_GE, TK_LE, TK_NE, TK_DBCOLON, TK_EOS, + TK_NUMBER, TK_NAME, TK_STRING }; /* number of reserved words */ #define NUM_RESERVED (cast(int, TK_WHILE-FIRST_RESERVED+1)) -/* array with token `names' */ -LUAI_DATA const char *const luaX_tokens []; - - typedef union { lua_Number r; TString *ts; @@ -52,29 +46,32 @@ typedef struct Token { } Token; +/* state of the lexer plus state of the parser when shared by all + functions */ typedef struct LexState { int current; /* current character (charint) */ int linenumber; /* input line counter */ int lastline; /* line of last token `consumed' */ Token t; /* current token */ Token lookahead; /* look ahead token */ - struct FuncState *fs; /* `FuncState' is private to the parser */ + struct FuncState *fs; /* current function (parser) */ struct lua_State *L; ZIO *z; /* input stream */ Mbuffer *buff; /* buffer for tokens */ + struct Dyndata *dyd; /* dynamic structures used by the parser */ TString *source; /* current source name */ + TString *envn; /* environment variable name */ char decpoint; /* locale decimal point */ } LexState; LUAI_FUNC void luaX_init (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, - TString *source); + TString *source, int firstchar); LUAI_FUNC TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l); LUAI_FUNC void luaX_next (LexState *ls); -LUAI_FUNC void luaX_lookahead (LexState *ls); -LUAI_FUNC void luaX_lexerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg, int token); -LUAI_FUNC void luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *s); +LUAI_FUNC int luaX_lookahead (LexState *ls); +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *s); LUAI_FUNC const char *luaX_token2str (LexState *ls, int token); diff --git a/lua/src/llimits.h b/lua/src/llimits.h index ca8dcb72..152dd055 100644 --- a/lua/src/llimits.h +++ b/lua/src/llimits.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: llimits.h,v 1.69.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: llimits.h,v 1.103.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Limits, basic types, and some other `installation-dependent' definitions ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ #include "lua.h" -typedef LUAI_UINT32 lu_int32; +typedef unsigned LUA_INT32 lu_int32; typedef LUAI_UMEM lu_mem; @@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ typedef unsigned char lu_byte; #define MAX_LUMEM ((lu_mem)(~(lu_mem)0)-2) +#define MAX_LMEM ((l_mem) ((MAX_LUMEM >> 1) - 2)) + #define MAX_INT (INT_MAX-2) /* maximum value of an int (-2 for safety) */ @@ -44,6 +46,10 @@ typedef unsigned char lu_byte; /* type to ensure maximum alignment */ +#if !defined(LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T) +#define LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T union { double u; void *s; long l; } +#endif + typedef LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T L_Umaxalign; @@ -52,34 +58,73 @@ typedef LUAI_UACNUMBER l_uacNumber; /* internal assertions for in-house debugging */ -#ifdef lua_assert - +#if defined(lua_assert) #define check_exp(c,e) (lua_assert(c), (e)) -#define api_check(l,e) lua_assert(e) - +/* to avoid problems with conditions too long */ +#define lua_longassert(c) { if (!(c)) lua_assert(0); } #else - #define lua_assert(c) ((void)0) #define check_exp(c,e) (e) -#define api_check luai_apicheck +#define lua_longassert(c) ((void)0) +#endif + +/* +** assertion for checking API calls +*/ +#if !defined(luai_apicheck) + +#if defined(LUA_USE_APICHECK) +#include +#define luai_apicheck(L,e) assert(e) +#else +#define luai_apicheck(L,e) lua_assert(e) +#endif #endif +#define api_check(l,e,msg) luai_apicheck(l,(e) && msg) -#ifndef UNUSED + +#if !defined(UNUSED) #define UNUSED(x) ((void)(x)) /* to avoid warnings */ #endif -#ifndef cast #define cast(t, exp) ((t)(exp)) -#endif #define cast_byte(i) cast(lu_byte, (i)) #define cast_num(i) cast(lua_Number, (i)) #define cast_int(i) cast(int, (i)) +#define cast_uchar(i) cast(unsigned char, (i)) +/* +** non-return type +*/ +#if defined(__GNUC__) +#define l_noret void __attribute__((noreturn)) +#elif defined(_MSC_VER) +#define l_noret void __declspec(noreturn) +#else +#define l_noret void +#endif + + + +/* +** maximum depth for nested C calls and syntactical nested non-terminals +** in a program. (Value must fit in an unsigned short int.) +*/ +#if !defined(LUAI_MAXCCALLS) +#define LUAI_MAXCCALLS 200 +#endif + +/* +** maximum number of upvalues in a closure (both C and Lua). (Value +** must fit in an unsigned char.) +*/ +#define MAXUPVAL UCHAR_MAX + /* ** type for virtual-machine instructions @@ -95,34 +140,170 @@ typedef lu_int32 Instruction; /* minimum size for the string table (must be power of 2) */ -#ifndef MINSTRTABSIZE +#if !defined(MINSTRTABSIZE) #define MINSTRTABSIZE 32 #endif /* minimum size for string buffer */ -#ifndef LUA_MINBUFFER +#if !defined(LUA_MINBUFFER) #define LUA_MINBUFFER 32 #endif -#ifndef lua_lock -#define lua_lock(L) ((void) 0) +#if !defined(lua_lock) +#define lua_lock(L) ((void) 0) #define lua_unlock(L) ((void) 0) #endif -#ifndef luai_threadyield +#if !defined(luai_threadyield) #define luai_threadyield(L) {lua_unlock(L); lua_lock(L);} #endif /* -** macro to control inclusion of some hard tests on stack reallocation -*/ -#ifndef HARDSTACKTESTS -#define condhardstacktests(x) ((void)0) +** these macros allow user-specific actions on threads when you defined +** LUAI_EXTRASPACE and need to do something extra when a thread is +** created/deleted/resumed/yielded. +*/ +#if !defined(luai_userstateopen) +#define luai_userstateopen(L) ((void)L) +#endif + +#if !defined(luai_userstateclose) +#define luai_userstateclose(L) ((void)L) +#endif + +#if !defined(luai_userstatethread) +#define luai_userstatethread(L,L1) ((void)L) +#endif + +#if !defined(luai_userstatefree) +#define luai_userstatefree(L,L1) ((void)L) +#endif + +#if !defined(luai_userstateresume) +#define luai_userstateresume(L,n) ((void)L) +#endif + +#if !defined(luai_userstateyield) +#define luai_userstateyield(L,n) ((void)L) +#endif + +/* +** lua_number2int is a macro to convert lua_Number to int. +** lua_number2integer is a macro to convert lua_Number to lua_Integer. +** lua_number2unsigned is a macro to convert a lua_Number to a lua_Unsigned. +** lua_unsigned2number is a macro to convert a lua_Unsigned to a lua_Number. +** luai_hashnum is a macro to hash a lua_Number value into an integer. +** The hash must be deterministic and give reasonable values for +** both small and large values (outside the range of integers). +*/ + +#if defined(MS_ASMTRICK) || defined(LUA_MSASMTRICK) /* { */ +/* trick with Microsoft assembler for X86 */ + +#define lua_number2int(i,n) __asm {__asm fld n __asm fistp i} +#define lua_number2integer(i,n) lua_number2int(i, n) +#define lua_number2unsigned(i,n) \ + {__int64 l; __asm {__asm fld n __asm fistp l} i = (unsigned int)l;} + + +#elif defined(LUA_IEEE754TRICK) /* }{ */ +/* the next trick should work on any machine using IEEE754 with + a 32-bit int type */ + +union luai_Cast { double l_d; LUA_INT32 l_p[2]; }; + +#if !defined(LUA_IEEEENDIAN) /* { */ +#define LUAI_EXTRAIEEE \ + static const union luai_Cast ieeeendian = {-(33.0 + 6755399441055744.0)}; +#define LUA_IEEEENDIANLOC (ieeeendian.l_p[1] == 33) #else -#define condhardstacktests(x) x +#define LUA_IEEEENDIANLOC LUA_IEEEENDIAN +#define LUAI_EXTRAIEEE /* empty */ +#endif /* } */ + +#define lua_number2int32(i,n,t) \ + { LUAI_EXTRAIEEE \ + volatile union luai_Cast u; u.l_d = (n) + 6755399441055744.0; \ + (i) = (t)u.l_p[LUA_IEEEENDIANLOC]; } + +#define luai_hashnum(i,n) \ + { volatile union luai_Cast u; u.l_d = (n) + 1.0; /* avoid -0 */ \ + (i) = u.l_p[0]; (i) += u.l_p[1]; } /* add double bits for his hash */ + +#define lua_number2int(i,n) lua_number2int32(i, n, int) +#define lua_number2unsigned(i,n) lua_number2int32(i, n, lua_Unsigned) + +/* the trick can be expanded to lua_Integer when it is a 32-bit value */ +#if defined(LUA_IEEELL) +#define lua_number2integer(i,n) lua_number2int32(i, n, lua_Integer) +#endif + +#endif /* } */ + + +/* the following definitions always work, but may be slow */ + +#if !defined(lua_number2int) +#define lua_number2int(i,n) ((i)=(int)(n)) +#endif + +#if !defined(lua_number2integer) +#define lua_number2integer(i,n) ((i)=(lua_Integer)(n)) +#endif + +#if !defined(lua_number2unsigned) /* { */ +/* the following definition assures proper modulo behavior */ +#if defined(LUA_NUMBER_DOUBLE) || defined(LUA_NUMBER_FLOAT) +#include +#define SUPUNSIGNED ((lua_Number)(~(lua_Unsigned)0) + 1) +#define lua_number2unsigned(i,n) \ + ((i)=(lua_Unsigned)((n) - floor((n)/SUPUNSIGNED)*SUPUNSIGNED)) +#else +#define lua_number2unsigned(i,n) ((i)=(lua_Unsigned)(n)) +#endif +#endif /* } */ + + +#if !defined(lua_unsigned2number) +/* on several machines, coercion from unsigned to double is slow, + so it may be worth to avoid */ +#define lua_unsigned2number(u) \ + (((u) <= (lua_Unsigned)INT_MAX) ? (lua_Number)(int)(u) : (lua_Number)(u)) +#endif + + + +#if defined(ltable_c) && !defined(luai_hashnum) + +#include +#include + +#define luai_hashnum(i,n) { int e; \ + n = l_mathop(frexp)(n, &e) * (lua_Number)(INT_MAX - DBL_MAX_EXP); \ + lua_number2int(i, n); i += e; } + +#endif + + + +/* +** macro to control inclusion of some hard tests on stack reallocation +*/ +#if !defined(HARDSTACKTESTS) +#define condmovestack(L) ((void)0) +#else +/* realloc stack keeping its size */ +#define condmovestack(L) luaD_reallocstack((L), (L)->stacksize) +#endif + +#if !defined(HARDMEMTESTS) +#define condchangemem(L) condmovestack(L) +#else +#define condchangemem(L) \ + ((void)(!(G(L)->gcrunning) || (luaC_fullgc(L, 0), 1))) #endif #endif diff --git a/lua/src/lmathlib.c b/lua/src/lmathlib.c index 441fbf73..fe9fc542 100644 --- a/lua/src/lmathlib.c +++ b/lua/src/lmathlib.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lmathlib.c,v 1.67.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lmathlib.c,v 1.83.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Standard mathematical library ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -18,111 +18,126 @@ #undef PI -#define PI (3.14159265358979323846) -#define RADIANS_PER_DEGREE (PI/180.0) +#define PI ((lua_Number)(3.1415926535897932384626433832795)) +#define RADIANS_PER_DEGREE ((lua_Number)(PI/180.0)) static int math_abs (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, fabs(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fabs)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_sin (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, sin(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sin)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_sinh (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, sinh(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sinh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_cos (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, cos(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(cos)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_cosh (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, cosh(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(cosh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_tan (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, tan(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(tan)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_tanh (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, tanh(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(tanh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_asin (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, asin(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(asin)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_acos (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, acos(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(acos)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_atan (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, atan(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(atan)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_atan2 (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, atan2(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), luaL_checknumber(L, 2))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(atan2)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), + luaL_checknumber(L, 2))); return 1; } static int math_ceil (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, ceil(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(ceil)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_floor (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, floor(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(floor)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_fmod (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, fmod(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), luaL_checknumber(L, 2))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fmod)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), + luaL_checknumber(L, 2))); return 1; } static int math_modf (lua_State *L) { - double ip; - double fp = modf(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), &ip); + lua_Number ip; + lua_Number fp = l_mathop(modf)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), &ip); lua_pushnumber(L, ip); lua_pushnumber(L, fp); return 2; } static int math_sqrt (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, sqrt(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sqrt)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } static int math_pow (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, pow(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), luaL_checknumber(L, 2))); + lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1); + lua_Number y = luaL_checknumber(L, 2); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(pow)(x, y)); return 1; } static int math_log (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, log(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1); + lua_Number res; + if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 2)) + res = l_mathop(log)(x); + else { + lua_Number base = luaL_checknumber(L, 2); + if (base == (lua_Number)10.0) res = l_mathop(log10)(x); + else res = l_mathop(log)(x)/l_mathop(log)(base); + } + lua_pushnumber(L, res); return 1; } +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LOG10) static int math_log10 (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, log10(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(log10)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } +#endif static int math_exp (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, exp(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(exp)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1))); return 1; } @@ -138,13 +153,15 @@ static int math_rad (lua_State *L) { static int math_frexp (lua_State *L) { int e; - lua_pushnumber(L, frexp(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), &e)); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(frexp)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), &e)); lua_pushinteger(L, e); return 2; } static int math_ldexp (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushnumber(L, ldexp(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), luaL_checkint(L, 2))); + lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1); + int ep = luaL_checkint(L, 2); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(ldexp)(x, ep)); return 1; } @@ -188,16 +205,16 @@ static int math_random (lua_State *L) { break; } case 1: { /* only upper limit */ - int u = luaL_checkint(L, 1); - luaL_argcheck(L, 1<=u, 1, "interval is empty"); - lua_pushnumber(L, floor(r*u)+1); /* int between 1 and `u' */ + lua_Number u = luaL_checknumber(L, 1); + luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Number)1.0 <= u, 1, "interval is empty"); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(floor)(r*u) + (lua_Number)(1.0)); /* [1, u] */ break; } case 2: { /* lower and upper limits */ - int l = luaL_checkint(L, 1); - int u = luaL_checkint(L, 2); - luaL_argcheck(L, l<=u, 2, "interval is empty"); - lua_pushnumber(L, floor(r*(u-l+1))+l); /* int between `l' and `u' */ + lua_Number l = luaL_checknumber(L, 1); + lua_Number u = luaL_checknumber(L, 2); + luaL_argcheck(L, l <= u, 2, "interval is empty"); + lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(floor)(r*(u-l+1)) + l); /* [l, u] */ break; } default: return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments"); @@ -207,7 +224,8 @@ static int math_random (lua_State *L) { static int math_randomseed (lua_State *L) { - srand(luaL_checkint(L, 1)); + srand(luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1)); + (void)rand(); /* discard first value to avoid undesirable correlations */ return 0; } @@ -227,7 +245,9 @@ static const luaL_Reg mathlib[] = { {"fmod", math_fmod}, {"frexp", math_frexp}, {"ldexp", math_ldexp}, +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LOG10) {"log10", math_log10}, +#endif {"log", math_log}, {"max", math_max}, {"min", math_min}, @@ -248,16 +268,12 @@ static const luaL_Reg mathlib[] = { /* ** Open math library */ -LUALIB_API int luaopen_math (lua_State *L) { - luaL_register(L, LUA_MATHLIBNAME, mathlib); +LUAMOD_API int luaopen_math (lua_State *L) { + luaL_newlib(L, mathlib); lua_pushnumber(L, PI); lua_setfield(L, -2, "pi"); lua_pushnumber(L, HUGE_VAL); lua_setfield(L, -2, "huge"); -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MOD) - lua_getfield(L, -1, "fmod"); - lua_setfield(L, -2, "mod"); -#endif return 1; } diff --git a/lua/src/lmem.c b/lua/src/lmem.c index ae7d8c96..ee343e3e 100644 --- a/lua/src/lmem.c +++ b/lua/src/lmem.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lmem.c,v 1.70.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lmem.c,v 1.84.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Interface to Memory Manager ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ #include "ldebug.h" #include "ldo.h" +#include "lgc.h" #include "lmem.h" #include "lobject.h" #include "lstate.h" @@ -25,12 +26,11 @@ ** void * frealloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize); ** (`osize' is the old size, `nsize' is the new size) ** -** Lua ensures that (ptr == NULL) iff (osize == 0). -** -** * frealloc(ud, NULL, 0, x) creates a new block of size `x' +** * frealloc(ud, NULL, x, s) creates a new block of size `s' (no +** matter 'x'). ** ** * frealloc(ud, p, x, 0) frees the block `p' -** (in this specific case, frealloc must return NULL). +** (in this specific case, frealloc must return NULL); ** particularly, frealloc(ud, NULL, 0, 0) does nothing ** (which is equivalent to free(NULL) in ANSI C) ** @@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ void *luaM_growaux_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int *size, size_t size_elems, - int limit, const char *errormsg) { + int limit, const char *what) { void *newblock; int newsize; if (*size >= limit/2) { /* cannot double it? */ if (*size >= limit) /* cannot grow even a little? */ - luaG_runerror(L, errormsg); + luaG_runerror(L, "too many %s (limit is %d)", what, limit); newsize = limit; /* still have at least one free place */ } else { @@ -63,9 +63,8 @@ void *luaM_growaux_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int *size, size_t size_elems, } -void *luaM_toobig (lua_State *L) { +l_noret luaM_toobig (lua_State *L) { luaG_runerror(L, "memory allocation error: block too big"); - return NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ } @@ -74,13 +73,27 @@ void *luaM_toobig (lua_State *L) { ** generic allocation routine. */ void *luaM_realloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize, size_t nsize) { + void *newblock; global_State *g = G(L); - lua_assert((osize == 0) == (block == NULL)); - block = (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, osize, nsize); - if (block == NULL && nsize > 0) - luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRMEM); - lua_assert((nsize == 0) == (block == NULL)); - g->totalbytes = (g->totalbytes - osize) + nsize; - return block; + size_t realosize = (block) ? osize : 0; + lua_assert((realosize == 0) == (block == NULL)); +#if defined(HARDMEMTESTS) + if (nsize > realosize && g->gcrunning) + luaC_fullgc(L, 1); /* force a GC whenever possible */ +#endif + newblock = (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, osize, nsize); + if (newblock == NULL && nsize > 0) { + api_check(L, nsize > realosize, + "realloc cannot fail when shrinking a block"); + if (g->gcrunning) { + luaC_fullgc(L, 1); /* try to free some memory... */ + newblock = (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, osize, nsize); /* try again */ + } + if (newblock == NULL) + luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRMEM); + } + lua_assert((nsize == 0) == (newblock == NULL)); + g->GCdebt = (g->GCdebt + nsize) - realosize; + return newblock; } diff --git a/lua/src/lmem.h b/lua/src/lmem.h index 7c2dcb32..bd4f4e07 100644 --- a/lua/src/lmem.h +++ b/lua/src/lmem.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lmem.h,v 1.31.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lmem.h,v 1.40.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Interface to Memory Manager ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -13,23 +13,30 @@ #include "llimits.h" #include "lua.h" -#define MEMERRMSG "not enough memory" - +/* +** This macro avoids the runtime division MAX_SIZET/(e), as 'e' is +** always constant. +** The macro is somewhat complex to avoid warnings: +** +1 avoids warnings of "comparison has constant result"; +** cast to 'void' avoids warnings of "value unused". +*/ #define luaM_reallocv(L,b,on,n,e) \ - ((cast(size_t, (n)+1) <= MAX_SIZET/(e)) ? /* +1 to avoid warnings */ \ - luaM_realloc_(L, (b), (on)*(e), (n)*(e)) : \ - luaM_toobig(L)) + (cast(void, \ + (cast(size_t, (n)+1) > MAX_SIZET/(e)) ? (luaM_toobig(L), 0) : 0), \ + luaM_realloc_(L, (b), (on)*(e), (n)*(e))) #define luaM_freemem(L, b, s) luaM_realloc_(L, (b), (s), 0) #define luaM_free(L, b) luaM_realloc_(L, (b), sizeof(*(b)), 0) -#define luaM_freearray(L, b, n, t) luaM_reallocv(L, (b), n, 0, sizeof(t)) +#define luaM_freearray(L, b, n) luaM_reallocv(L, (b), n, 0, sizeof((b)[0])) -#define luaM_malloc(L,t) luaM_realloc_(L, NULL, 0, (t)) +#define luaM_malloc(L,s) luaM_realloc_(L, NULL, 0, (s)) #define luaM_new(L,t) cast(t *, luaM_malloc(L, sizeof(t))) #define luaM_newvector(L,n,t) \ cast(t *, luaM_reallocv(L, NULL, 0, n, sizeof(t))) +#define luaM_newobject(L,tag,s) luaM_realloc_(L, NULL, tag, (s)) + #define luaM_growvector(L,v,nelems,size,t,limit,e) \ if ((nelems)+1 > (size)) \ ((v)=cast(t *, luaM_growaux_(L,v,&(size),sizeof(t),limit,e))) @@ -37,13 +44,14 @@ #define luaM_reallocvector(L, v,oldn,n,t) \ ((v)=cast(t *, luaM_reallocv(L, v, oldn, n, sizeof(t)))) +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaM_toobig (lua_State *L); +/* not to be called directly */ LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_realloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t oldsize, size_t size); -LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_toobig (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_growaux_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int *size, size_t size_elem, int limit, - const char *errormsg); + const char *what); #endif diff --git a/lua/src/loadlib.c b/lua/src/loadlib.c index 6158c535..bedbea3e 100644 --- a/lua/src/loadlib.c +++ b/lua/src/loadlib.c @@ -1,14 +1,22 @@ /* -** $Id: loadlib.c,v 1.52.1.4 2009/09/09 13:17:16 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: loadlib.c,v 1.111.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Dynamic library loader for Lua ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h ** ** This module contains an implementation of loadlib for Unix systems -** that have dlfcn, an implementation for Darwin (Mac OS X), an -** implementation for Windows, and a stub for other systems. +** that have dlfcn, an implementation for Windows, and a stub for other +** systems. */ +/* +** if needed, includes windows header before everything else +*/ +#if defined(_WIN32) +#include +#endif + + #include #include @@ -22,6 +30,61 @@ #include "lualib.h" +/* +** LUA_PATH and LUA_CPATH are the names of the environment +** variables that Lua check to set its paths. +*/ +#if !defined(LUA_PATH) +#define LUA_PATH "LUA_PATH" +#endif + +#if !defined(LUA_CPATH) +#define LUA_CPATH "LUA_CPATH" +#endif + +#define LUA_PATHSUFFIX "_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR + +#define LUA_PATHVERSION LUA_PATH LUA_PATHSUFFIX +#define LUA_CPATHVERSION LUA_CPATH LUA_PATHSUFFIX + +/* +** LUA_PATH_SEP is the character that separates templates in a path. +** LUA_PATH_MARK is the string that marks the substitution points in a +** template. +** LUA_EXEC_DIR in a Windows path is replaced by the executable's +** directory. +** LUA_IGMARK is a mark to ignore all before it when building the +** luaopen_ function name. +*/ +#if !defined (LUA_PATH_SEP) +#define LUA_PATH_SEP ";" +#endif +#if !defined (LUA_PATH_MARK) +#define LUA_PATH_MARK "?" +#endif +#if !defined (LUA_EXEC_DIR) +#define LUA_EXEC_DIR "!" +#endif +#if !defined (LUA_IGMARK) +#define LUA_IGMARK "-" +#endif + + +/* +** LUA_CSUBSEP is the character that replaces dots in submodule names +** when searching for a C loader. +** LUA_LSUBSEP is the character that replaces dots in submodule names +** when searching for a Lua loader. +*/ +#if !defined(LUA_CSUBSEP) +#define LUA_CSUBSEP LUA_DIRSEP +#endif + +#if !defined(LUA_LSUBSEP) +#define LUA_LSUBSEP LUA_DIRSEP +#endif + + /* prefix for open functions in C libraries */ #define LUA_POF "luaopen_" @@ -29,9 +92,9 @@ #define LUA_OFSEP "_" -#define LIBPREFIX "LOADLIB: " +/* table (in the registry) that keeps handles for all loaded C libraries */ +#define CLIBS "_CLIBS" -#define POF LUA_POF #define LIB_FAIL "open" @@ -42,13 +105,16 @@ #define setprogdir(L) ((void)0) +/* +** system-dependent functions +*/ static void ll_unloadlib (void *lib); -static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path); +static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb); static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym); -#if defined(LUA_DL_DLOPEN) +#if defined(LUA_USE_DLOPEN) /* ** {======================================================================== ** This is an implementation of loadlib based on the dlfcn interface. @@ -65,8 +131,8 @@ static void ll_unloadlib (void *lib) { } -static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path) { - void *lib = dlopen(path, RTLD_NOW); +static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) { + void *lib = dlopen(path, RTLD_NOW | (seeglb ? RTLD_GLOBAL : RTLD_LOCAL)); if (lib == NULL) lua_pushstring(L, dlerror()); return lib; } @@ -89,11 +155,16 @@ static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) { ** ======================================================================= */ -#include - - #undef setprogdir +/* +** optional flags for LoadLibraryEx +*/ +#if !defined(LUA_LLE_FLAGS) +#define LUA_LLE_FLAGS 0 +#endif + + static void setprogdir (lua_State *L) { char buff[MAX_PATH + 1]; char *lb; @@ -103,7 +174,7 @@ static void setprogdir (lua_State *L) { luaL_error(L, "unable to get ModuleFileName"); else { *lb = '\0'; - luaL_gsub(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), LUA_EXECDIR, buff); + luaL_gsub(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), LUA_EXEC_DIR, buff); lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove original string */ } } @@ -113,26 +184,27 @@ static void pusherror (lua_State *L) { int error = GetLastError(); char buffer[128]; if (FormatMessageA(FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM, - NULL, error, 0, buffer, sizeof(buffer), NULL)) + NULL, error, 0, buffer, sizeof(buffer)/sizeof(char), NULL)) lua_pushstring(L, buffer); else lua_pushfstring(L, "system error %d\n", error); } static void ll_unloadlib (void *lib) { - FreeLibrary((HINSTANCE)lib); + FreeLibrary((HMODULE)lib); } -static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path) { - HINSTANCE lib = LoadLibraryA(path); +static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) { + HMODULE lib = LoadLibraryExA(path, NULL, LUA_LLE_FLAGS); + (void)(seeglb); /* not used: symbols are 'global' by default */ if (lib == NULL) pusherror(L); return lib; } static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) { - lua_CFunction f = (lua_CFunction)GetProcAddress((HINSTANCE)lib, sym); + lua_CFunction f = (lua_CFunction)GetProcAddress((HMODULE)lib, sym); if (f == NULL) pusherror(L); return f; } @@ -140,88 +212,6 @@ static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) { /* }====================================================== */ - -#elif defined(LUA_DL_DYLD) -/* -** {====================================================================== -** Native Mac OS X / Darwin Implementation -** ======================================================================= -*/ - -#include - - -/* Mac appends a `_' before C function names */ -#undef POF -#define POF "_" LUA_POF - - -static void pusherror (lua_State *L) { - const char *err_str; - const char *err_file; - NSLinkEditErrors err; - int err_num; - NSLinkEditError(&err, &err_num, &err_file, &err_str); - lua_pushstring(L, err_str); -} - - -static const char *errorfromcode (NSObjectFileImageReturnCode ret) { - switch (ret) { - case NSObjectFileImageInappropriateFile: - return "file is not a bundle"; - case NSObjectFileImageArch: - return "library is for wrong CPU type"; - case NSObjectFileImageFormat: - return "bad format"; - case NSObjectFileImageAccess: - return "cannot access file"; - case NSObjectFileImageFailure: - default: - return "unable to load library"; - } -} - - -static void ll_unloadlib (void *lib) { - NSUnLinkModule((NSModule)lib, NSUNLINKMODULE_OPTION_RESET_LAZY_REFERENCES); -} - - -static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path) { - NSObjectFileImage img; - NSObjectFileImageReturnCode ret; - /* this would be a rare case, but prevents crashing if it happens */ - if(!_dyld_present()) { - lua_pushliteral(L, "dyld not present"); - return NULL; - } - ret = NSCreateObjectFileImageFromFile(path, &img); - if (ret == NSObjectFileImageSuccess) { - NSModule mod = NSLinkModule(img, path, NSLINKMODULE_OPTION_PRIVATE | - NSLINKMODULE_OPTION_RETURN_ON_ERROR); - NSDestroyObjectFileImage(img); - if (mod == NULL) pusherror(L); - return mod; - } - lua_pushstring(L, errorfromcode(ret)); - return NULL; -} - - -static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) { - NSSymbol nss = NSLookupSymbolInModule((NSModule)lib, sym); - if (nss == NULL) { - lua_pushfstring(L, "symbol " LUA_QS " not found", sym); - return NULL; - } - return (lua_CFunction)NSAddressOfSymbol(nss); -} - -/* }====================================================== */ - - - #else /* ** {====================================================== @@ -237,19 +227,19 @@ static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) { static void ll_unloadlib (void *lib) { - (void)lib; /* to avoid warnings */ + (void)(lib); /* not used */ } -static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path) { - (void)path; /* to avoid warnings */ +static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) { + (void)(path); (void)(seeglb); /* not used */ lua_pushliteral(L, DLMSG); return NULL; } static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) { - (void)lib; (void)sym; /* to avoid warnings */ + (void)(lib); (void)(sym); /* not used */ lua_pushliteral(L, DLMSG); return NULL; } @@ -258,50 +248,58 @@ static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) { #endif - -static void **ll_register (lua_State *L, const char *path) { - void **plib; - lua_pushfstring(L, "%s%s", LIBPREFIX, path); - lua_gettable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX); /* check library in registry? */ - if (!lua_isnil(L, -1)) /* is there an entry? */ - plib = (void **)lua_touserdata(L, -1); - else { /* no entry yet; create one */ - lua_pop(L, 1); - plib = (void **)lua_newuserdata(L, sizeof(const void *)); - *plib = NULL; - luaL_getmetatable(L, "_LOADLIB"); - lua_setmetatable(L, -2); - lua_pushfstring(L, "%s%s", LIBPREFIX, path); - lua_pushvalue(L, -2); - lua_settable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX); - } +static void *ll_checkclib (lua_State *L, const char *path) { + void *plib; + lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS); + lua_getfield(L, -1, path); + plib = lua_touserdata(L, -1); /* plib = CLIBS[path] */ + lua_pop(L, 2); /* pop CLIBS table and 'plib' */ return plib; } +static void ll_addtoclib (lua_State *L, const char *path, void *plib) { + lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS); + lua_pushlightuserdata(L, plib); + lua_pushvalue(L, -1); + lua_setfield(L, -3, path); /* CLIBS[path] = plib */ + lua_rawseti(L, -2, luaL_len(L, -2) + 1); /* CLIBS[#CLIBS + 1] = plib */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop CLIBS table */ +} + + /* -** __gc tag method: calls library's `ll_unloadlib' function with the lib -** handle +** __gc tag method for CLIBS table: calls 'll_unloadlib' for all lib +** handles in list CLIBS */ static int gctm (lua_State *L) { - void **lib = (void **)luaL_checkudata(L, 1, "_LOADLIB"); - if (*lib) ll_unloadlib(*lib); - *lib = NULL; /* mark library as closed */ + int n = luaL_len(L, 1); + for (; n >= 1; n--) { /* for each handle, in reverse order */ + lua_rawgeti(L, 1, n); /* get handle CLIBS[n] */ + ll_unloadlib(lua_touserdata(L, -1)); + lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop handle */ + } return 0; } static int ll_loadfunc (lua_State *L, const char *path, const char *sym) { - void **reg = ll_register(L, path); - if (*reg == NULL) *reg = ll_load(L, path); - if (*reg == NULL) - return ERRLIB; /* unable to load library */ + void *reg = ll_checkclib(L, path); /* check loaded C libraries */ + if (reg == NULL) { /* must load library? */ + reg = ll_load(L, path, *sym == '*'); + if (reg == NULL) return ERRLIB; /* unable to load library */ + ll_addtoclib(L, path, reg); + } + if (*sym == '*') { /* loading only library (no function)? */ + lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* return 'true' */ + return 0; /* no errors */ + } else { - lua_CFunction f = ll_sym(L, *reg, sym); + lua_CFunction f = ll_sym(L, reg, sym); if (f == NULL) return ERRFUNC; /* unable to find function */ - lua_pushcfunction(L, f); - return 0; /* return function */ + lua_pushcfunction(L, f); /* else create new function */ + return 0; /* no errors */ } } @@ -339,104 +337,137 @@ static int readable (const char *filename) { static const char *pushnexttemplate (lua_State *L, const char *path) { const char *l; - while (*path == *LUA_PATHSEP) path++; /* skip separators */ + while (*path == *LUA_PATH_SEP) path++; /* skip separators */ if (*path == '\0') return NULL; /* no more templates */ - l = strchr(path, *LUA_PATHSEP); /* find next separator */ + l = strchr(path, *LUA_PATH_SEP); /* find next separator */ if (l == NULL) l = path + strlen(path); lua_pushlstring(L, path, l - path); /* template */ return l; } -static const char *findfile (lua_State *L, const char *name, - const char *pname) { - const char *path; - name = luaL_gsub(L, name, ".", LUA_DIRSEP); - lua_getfield(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX, pname); - path = lua_tostring(L, -1); - if (path == NULL) - luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("package.%s") " must be a string", pname); - lua_pushliteral(L, ""); /* error accumulator */ +static const char *searchpath (lua_State *L, const char *name, + const char *path, + const char *sep, + const char *dirsep) { + luaL_Buffer msg; /* to build error message */ + luaL_buffinit(L, &msg); + if (*sep != '\0') /* non-empty separator? */ + name = luaL_gsub(L, name, sep, dirsep); /* replace it by 'dirsep' */ while ((path = pushnexttemplate(L, path)) != NULL) { - const char *filename; - filename = luaL_gsub(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), LUA_PATH_MARK, name); + const char *filename = luaL_gsub(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), + LUA_PATH_MARK, name); lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove path template */ if (readable(filename)) /* does file exist and is readable? */ return filename; /* return that file name */ lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno file " LUA_QS, filename); lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove file name */ - lua_concat(L, 2); /* add entry to possible error message */ + luaL_addvalue(&msg); /* concatenate error msg. entry */ } + luaL_pushresult(&msg); /* create error message */ return NULL; /* not found */ } -static void loaderror (lua_State *L, const char *filename) { - luaL_error(L, "error loading module " LUA_QS " from file " LUA_QS ":\n\t%s", - lua_tostring(L, 1), filename, lua_tostring(L, -1)); +static int ll_searchpath (lua_State *L) { + const char *f = searchpath(L, luaL_checkstring(L, 1), + luaL_checkstring(L, 2), + luaL_optstring(L, 3, "."), + luaL_optstring(L, 4, LUA_DIRSEP)); + if (f != NULL) return 1; + else { /* error message is on top of the stack */ + lua_pushnil(L); + lua_insert(L, -2); + return 2; /* return nil + error message */ + } } -static int loader_Lua (lua_State *L) { +static const char *findfile (lua_State *L, const char *name, + const char *pname, + const char *dirsep) { + const char *path; + lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), pname); + path = lua_tostring(L, -1); + if (path == NULL) + luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("package.%s") " must be a string", pname); + return searchpath(L, name, path, ".", dirsep); +} + + +static int checkload (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *filename) { + if (stat) { /* module loaded successfully? */ + lua_pushstring(L, filename); /* will be 2nd argument to module */ + return 2; /* return open function and file name */ + } + else + return luaL_error(L, "error loading module " LUA_QS + " from file " LUA_QS ":\n\t%s", + lua_tostring(L, 1), filename, lua_tostring(L, -1)); +} + + +static int searcher_Lua (lua_State *L) { const char *filename; const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); - filename = findfile(L, name, "path"); - if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* library not found in this path */ - if (luaL_loadfile(L, filename) != 0) - loaderror(L, filename); - return 1; /* library loaded successfully */ + filename = findfile(L, name, "path", LUA_LSUBSEP); + if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* module not found in this path */ + return checkload(L, (luaL_loadfile(L, filename) == LUA_OK), filename); } -static const char *mkfuncname (lua_State *L, const char *modname) { +static int loadfunc (lua_State *L, const char *filename, const char *modname) { const char *funcname; - const char *mark = strchr(modname, *LUA_IGMARK); - if (mark) modname = mark + 1; - funcname = luaL_gsub(L, modname, ".", LUA_OFSEP); - funcname = lua_pushfstring(L, POF"%s", funcname); - lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove 'gsub' result */ - return funcname; + const char *mark; + modname = luaL_gsub(L, modname, ".", LUA_OFSEP); + mark = strchr(modname, *LUA_IGMARK); + if (mark) { + int stat; + funcname = lua_pushlstring(L, modname, mark - modname); + funcname = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", funcname); + stat = ll_loadfunc(L, filename, funcname); + if (stat != ERRFUNC) return stat; + modname = mark + 1; /* else go ahead and try old-style name */ + } + funcname = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", modname); + return ll_loadfunc(L, filename, funcname); } -static int loader_C (lua_State *L) { - const char *funcname; +static int searcher_C (lua_State *L) { const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); - const char *filename = findfile(L, name, "cpath"); - if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* library not found in this path */ - funcname = mkfuncname(L, name); - if (ll_loadfunc(L, filename, funcname) != 0) - loaderror(L, filename); - return 1; /* library loaded successfully */ + const char *filename = findfile(L, name, "cpath", LUA_CSUBSEP); + if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* module not found in this path */ + return checkload(L, (loadfunc(L, filename, name) == 0), filename); } -static int loader_Croot (lua_State *L) { - const char *funcname; +static int searcher_Croot (lua_State *L) { const char *filename; const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); const char *p = strchr(name, '.'); int stat; if (p == NULL) return 0; /* is root */ lua_pushlstring(L, name, p - name); - filename = findfile(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), "cpath"); + filename = findfile(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), "cpath", LUA_CSUBSEP); if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* root not found */ - funcname = mkfuncname(L, name); - if ((stat = ll_loadfunc(L, filename, funcname)) != 0) { - if (stat != ERRFUNC) loaderror(L, filename); /* real error */ - lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno module " LUA_QS " in file " LUA_QS, - name, filename); - return 1; /* function not found */ + if ((stat = loadfunc(L, filename, name)) != 0) { + if (stat != ERRFUNC) + return checkload(L, 0, filename); /* real error */ + else { /* open function not found */ + lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno module " LUA_QS " in file " LUA_QS, + name, filename); + return 1; + } } - return 1; + lua_pushstring(L, filename); /* will be 2nd argument to module */ + return 2; } -static int loader_preload (lua_State *L) { +static int searcher_preload (lua_State *L) { const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); - lua_getfield(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX, "preload"); - if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) - luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("package.preload") " must be a table"); + lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD"); lua_getfield(L, -1, name); if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) /* not found? */ lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno field package.preload['%s']", name); @@ -444,48 +475,53 @@ static int loader_preload (lua_State *L) { } -static const int sentinel_ = 0; -#define sentinel ((void *)&sentinel_) +static void findloader (lua_State *L, const char *name) { + int i; + luaL_Buffer msg; /* to build error message */ + luaL_buffinit(L, &msg); + lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), "searchers"); /* will be at index 3 */ + if (!lua_istable(L, 3)) + luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("package.searchers") " must be a table"); + /* iterate over available searchers to find a loader */ + for (i = 1; ; i++) { + lua_rawgeti(L, 3, i); /* get a searcher */ + if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) { /* no more searchers? */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove nil */ + luaL_pushresult(&msg); /* create error message */ + luaL_error(L, "module " LUA_QS " not found:%s", + name, lua_tostring(L, -1)); + } + lua_pushstring(L, name); + lua_call(L, 1, 2); /* call it */ + if (lua_isfunction(L, -2)) /* did it find a loader? */ + return; /* module loader found */ + else if (lua_isstring(L, -2)) { /* searcher returned error message? */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove extra return */ + luaL_addvalue(&msg); /* concatenate error message */ + } + else + lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove both returns */ + } +} static int ll_require (lua_State *L) { const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); - int i; lua_settop(L, 1); /* _LOADED table will be at index 2 */ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED"); - lua_getfield(L, 2, name); - if (lua_toboolean(L, -1)) { /* is it there? */ - if (lua_touserdata(L, -1) == sentinel) /* check loops */ - luaL_error(L, "loop or previous error loading module " LUA_QS, name); + lua_getfield(L, 2, name); /* _LOADED[name] */ + if (lua_toboolean(L, -1)) /* is it there? */ return 1; /* package is already loaded */ - } - /* else must load it; iterate over available loaders */ - lua_getfield(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX, "loaders"); - if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) - luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("package.loaders") " must be a table"); - lua_pushliteral(L, ""); /* error message accumulator */ - for (i=1; ; i++) { - lua_rawgeti(L, -2, i); /* get a loader */ - if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) - luaL_error(L, "module " LUA_QS " not found:%s", - name, lua_tostring(L, -2)); - lua_pushstring(L, name); - lua_call(L, 1, 1); /* call it */ - if (lua_isfunction(L, -1)) /* did it find module? */ - break; /* module loaded successfully */ - else if (lua_isstring(L, -1)) /* loader returned error message? */ - lua_concat(L, 2); /* accumulate it */ - else - lua_pop(L, 1); - } - lua_pushlightuserdata(L, sentinel); - lua_setfield(L, 2, name); /* _LOADED[name] = sentinel */ - lua_pushstring(L, name); /* pass name as argument to module */ - lua_call(L, 1, 1); /* run loaded module */ + /* else must load package */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove 'getfield' result */ + findloader(L, name); + lua_pushstring(L, name); /* pass name as argument to module loader */ + lua_insert(L, -2); /* name is 1st argument (before search data) */ + lua_call(L, 2, 1); /* run loader to load module */ if (!lua_isnil(L, -1)) /* non-nil return? */ lua_setfield(L, 2, name); /* _LOADED[name] = returned value */ lua_getfield(L, 2, name); - if (lua_touserdata(L, -1) == sentinel) { /* module did not set a value? */ + if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) { /* module did not set a value? */ lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* use true as result */ lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* extra copy to be returned */ lua_setfield(L, 2, name); /* _LOADED[name] = true */ @@ -502,26 +538,31 @@ static int ll_require (lua_State *L) { ** 'module' function ** ======================================================= */ - +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MODULE) -static void setfenv (lua_State *L) { +/* +** changes the environment variable of calling function +*/ +static void set_env (lua_State *L) { lua_Debug ar; if (lua_getstack(L, 1, &ar) == 0 || lua_getinfo(L, "f", &ar) == 0 || /* get calling function */ lua_iscfunction(L, -1)) luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("module") " not called from a Lua function"); - lua_pushvalue(L, -2); - lua_setfenv(L, -2); - lua_pop(L, 1); + lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* copy new environment table to top */ + lua_setupvalue(L, -2, 1); + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove function */ } static void dooptions (lua_State *L, int n) { int i; for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) { - lua_pushvalue(L, i); /* get option (a function) */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* module */ - lua_call(L, 1, 0); + if (lua_isfunction(L, i)) { /* avoid 'calling' extra info. */ + lua_pushvalue(L, i); /* get option (a function) */ + lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* module */ + lua_call(L, 1, 0); + } } } @@ -543,17 +584,8 @@ static void modinit (lua_State *L, const char *modname) { static int ll_module (lua_State *L) { const char *modname = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); - int loaded = lua_gettop(L) + 1; /* index of _LOADED table */ - lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED"); - lua_getfield(L, loaded, modname); /* get _LOADED[modname] */ - if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) { /* not found? */ - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove previous result */ - /* try global variable (and create one if it does not exist) */ - if (luaL_findtable(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, modname, 1) != NULL) - return luaL_error(L, "name conflict for module " LUA_QS, modname); - lua_pushvalue(L, -1); - lua_setfield(L, loaded, modname); /* _LOADED[modname] = new table */ - } + int lastarg = lua_gettop(L); /* last parameter */ + luaL_pushmodule(L, modname, 1); /* get/create module table */ /* check whether table already has a _NAME field */ lua_getfield(L, -1, "_NAME"); if (!lua_isnil(L, -1)) /* is table an initialized module? */ @@ -563,9 +595,9 @@ static int ll_module (lua_State *L) { modinit(L, modname); } lua_pushvalue(L, -1); - setfenv(L); - dooptions(L, loaded - 1); - return 0; + set_env(L); + dooptions(L, lastarg); + return 1; } @@ -576,12 +608,12 @@ static int ll_seeall (lua_State *L) { lua_pushvalue(L, -1); lua_setmetatable(L, 1); } - lua_pushvalue(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX); + lua_pushglobaltable(L); lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index"); /* mt.__index = _G */ return 0; } - +#endif /* }====================================================== */ @@ -589,15 +621,30 @@ static int ll_seeall (lua_State *L) { /* auxiliary mark (for internal use) */ #define AUXMARK "\1" -static void setpath (lua_State *L, const char *fieldname, const char *envname, - const char *def) { - const char *path = getenv(envname); + +/* +** return registry.LUA_NOENV as a boolean +*/ +static int noenv (lua_State *L) { + int b; + lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_NOENV"); + b = lua_toboolean(L, -1); + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove value */ + return b; +} + + +static void setpath (lua_State *L, const char *fieldname, const char *envname1, + const char *envname2, const char *def) { + const char *path = getenv(envname1); if (path == NULL) /* no environment variable? */ + path = getenv(envname2); /* try alternative name */ + if (path == NULL || noenv(L)) /* no environment variable? */ lua_pushstring(L, def); /* use default */ else { /* replace ";;" by ";AUXMARK;" and then AUXMARK by default path */ - path = luaL_gsub(L, path, LUA_PATHSEP LUA_PATHSEP, - LUA_PATHSEP AUXMARK LUA_PATHSEP); + path = luaL_gsub(L, path, LUA_PATH_SEP LUA_PATH_SEP, + LUA_PATH_SEP AUXMARK LUA_PATH_SEP); luaL_gsub(L, path, AUXMARK, def); lua_remove(L, -2); } @@ -608,59 +655,71 @@ static void setpath (lua_State *L, const char *fieldname, const char *envname, static const luaL_Reg pk_funcs[] = { {"loadlib", ll_loadlib}, + {"searchpath", ll_searchpath}, +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MODULE) {"seeall", ll_seeall}, +#endif {NULL, NULL} }; static const luaL_Reg ll_funcs[] = { +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MODULE) {"module", ll_module}, +#endif {"require", ll_require}, {NULL, NULL} }; -static const lua_CFunction loaders[] = - {loader_preload, loader_Lua, loader_C, loader_Croot, NULL}; - - -LUALIB_API int luaopen_package (lua_State *L) { +static void createsearcherstable (lua_State *L) { + static const lua_CFunction searchers[] = + {searcher_preload, searcher_Lua, searcher_C, searcher_Croot, NULL}; int i; - /* create new type _LOADLIB */ - luaL_newmetatable(L, "_LOADLIB"); - lua_pushcfunction(L, gctm); - lua_setfield(L, -2, "__gc"); - /* create `package' table */ - luaL_register(L, LUA_LOADLIBNAME, pk_funcs); -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LOADLIB) - lua_getfield(L, -1, "loadlib"); - lua_setfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, "loadlib"); -#endif - lua_pushvalue(L, -1); - lua_replace(L, LUA_ENVIRONINDEX); - /* create `loaders' table */ - lua_createtable(L, sizeof(loaders)/sizeof(loaders[0]) - 1, 0); - /* fill it with pre-defined loaders */ - for (i=0; loaders[i] != NULL; i++) { - lua_pushcfunction(L, loaders[i]); + /* create 'searchers' table */ + lua_createtable(L, sizeof(searchers)/sizeof(searchers[0]) - 1, 0); + /* fill it with pre-defined searchers */ + for (i=0; searchers[i] != NULL; i++) { + lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* set 'package' as upvalue for all searchers */ + lua_pushcclosure(L, searchers[i], 1); lua_rawseti(L, -2, i+1); } - lua_setfield(L, -2, "loaders"); /* put it in field `loaders' */ - setpath(L, "path", LUA_PATH, LUA_PATH_DEFAULT); /* set field `path' */ - setpath(L, "cpath", LUA_CPATH, LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT); /* set field `cpath' */ +} + + +LUAMOD_API int luaopen_package (lua_State *L) { + /* create table CLIBS to keep track of loaded C libraries */ + luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS); + lua_createtable(L, 0, 1); /* metatable for CLIBS */ + lua_pushcfunction(L, gctm); + lua_setfield(L, -2, "__gc"); /* set finalizer for CLIBS table */ + lua_setmetatable(L, -2); + /* create `package' table */ + luaL_newlib(L, pk_funcs); + createsearcherstable(L); +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LOADERS) + lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* make a copy of 'searchers' table */ + lua_setfield(L, -3, "loaders"); /* put it in field `loaders' */ +#endif + lua_setfield(L, -2, "searchers"); /* put it in field 'searchers' */ + /* set field 'path' */ + setpath(L, "path", LUA_PATHVERSION, LUA_PATH, LUA_PATH_DEFAULT); + /* set field 'cpath' */ + setpath(L, "cpath", LUA_CPATHVERSION, LUA_CPATH, LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT); /* store config information */ - lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_DIRSEP "\n" LUA_PATHSEP "\n" LUA_PATH_MARK "\n" - LUA_EXECDIR "\n" LUA_IGMARK); + lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_DIRSEP "\n" LUA_PATH_SEP "\n" LUA_PATH_MARK "\n" + LUA_EXEC_DIR "\n" LUA_IGMARK "\n"); lua_setfield(L, -2, "config"); /* set field `loaded' */ - luaL_findtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED", 2); + luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED"); lua_setfield(L, -2, "loaded"); /* set field `preload' */ - lua_newtable(L); + luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD"); lua_setfield(L, -2, "preload"); - lua_pushvalue(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX); - luaL_register(L, NULL, ll_funcs); /* open lib into global table */ - lua_pop(L, 1); + lua_pushglobaltable(L); + lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* set 'package' as upvalue for next lib */ + luaL_setfuncs(L, ll_funcs, 1); /* open lib into global table */ + lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop global table */ return 1; /* return 'package' table */ } diff --git a/lua/src/lobject.c b/lua/src/lobject.c index 4ff50732..882d994d 100644 --- a/lua/src/lobject.c +++ b/lua/src/lobject.c @@ -1,10 +1,9 @@ /* -** $Id: lobject.c,v 2.22.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lobject.c,v 2.58.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Some generic functions over Lua objects ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ -#include #include #include #include @@ -15,6 +14,8 @@ #include "lua.h" +#include "lctype.h" +#include "ldebug.h" #include "ldo.h" #include "lmem.h" #include "lobject.h" @@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ -const TValue luaO_nilobject_ = {{NULL}, LUA_TNIL}; +LUAI_DDEF const TValue luaO_nilobject_ = {NILCONSTANT}; /* @@ -33,25 +34,25 @@ const TValue luaO_nilobject_ = {{NULL}, LUA_TNIL}; ** eeeee != 0 and (xxx) otherwise. */ int luaO_int2fb (unsigned int x) { - int e = 0; /* expoent */ - while (x >= 16) { + int e = 0; /* exponent */ + if (x < 8) return x; + while (x >= 0x10) { x = (x+1) >> 1; e++; } - if (x < 8) return x; - else return ((e+1) << 3) | (cast_int(x) - 8); + return ((e+1) << 3) | (cast_int(x) - 8); } /* converts back */ int luaO_fb2int (int x) { - int e = (x >> 3) & 31; + int e = (x >> 3) & 0x1f; if (e == 0) return x; - else return ((x & 7)+8) << (e - 1); + else return ((x & 7) + 8) << (e - 1); } -int luaO_log2 (unsigned int x) { +int luaO_ceillog2 (unsigned int x) { static const lu_byte log_2[256] = { 0,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5, 6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6, @@ -62,109 +63,169 @@ int luaO_log2 (unsigned int x) { 8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8, 8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8 }; - int l = -1; + int l = 0; + x--; while (x >= 256) { l += 8; x >>= 8; } return l + log_2[x]; - } -int luaO_rawequalObj (const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) { - if (ttype(t1) != ttype(t2)) return 0; - else switch (ttype(t1)) { - case LUA_TNIL: - return 1; - case LUA_TNUMBER: - return luai_numeq(nvalue(t1), nvalue(t2)); - case LUA_TBOOLEAN: - return bvalue(t1) == bvalue(t2); /* boolean true must be 1 !! */ - case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: - return pvalue(t1) == pvalue(t2); - default: - lua_assert(iscollectable(t1)); - return gcvalue(t1) == gcvalue(t2); +lua_Number luaO_arith (int op, lua_Number v1, lua_Number v2) { + switch (op) { + case LUA_OPADD: return luai_numadd(NULL, v1, v2); + case LUA_OPSUB: return luai_numsub(NULL, v1, v2); + case LUA_OPMUL: return luai_nummul(NULL, v1, v2); + case LUA_OPDIV: return luai_numdiv(NULL, v1, v2); + case LUA_OPMOD: return luai_nummod(NULL, v1, v2); + case LUA_OPPOW: return luai_numpow(NULL, v1, v2); + case LUA_OPUNM: return luai_numunm(NULL, v1); + default: lua_assert(0); return 0; } } -int luaO_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result) { +int luaO_hexavalue (int c) { + if (lisdigit(c)) return c - '0'; + else return ltolower(c) - 'a' + 10; +} + + +#if !defined(lua_strx2number) + +#include + + +static int isneg (const char **s) { + if (**s == '-') { (*s)++; return 1; } + else if (**s == '+') (*s)++; + return 0; +} + + +static lua_Number readhexa (const char **s, lua_Number r, int *count) { + for (; lisxdigit(cast_uchar(**s)); (*s)++) { /* read integer part */ + r = (r * cast_num(16.0)) + cast_num(luaO_hexavalue(cast_uchar(**s))); + (*count)++; + } + return r; +} + + +/* +** convert an hexadecimal numeric string to a number, following +** C99 specification for 'strtod' +*/ +static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) { + lua_Number r = 0.0; + int e = 0, i = 0; + int neg = 0; /* 1 if number is negative */ + *endptr = cast(char *, s); /* nothing is valid yet */ + while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++; /* skip initial spaces */ + neg = isneg(&s); /* check signal */ + if (!(*s == '0' && (*(s + 1) == 'x' || *(s + 1) == 'X'))) /* check '0x' */ + return 0.0; /* invalid format (no '0x') */ + s += 2; /* skip '0x' */ + r = readhexa(&s, r, &i); /* read integer part */ + if (*s == '.') { + s++; /* skip dot */ + r = readhexa(&s, r, &e); /* read fractional part */ + } + if (i == 0 && e == 0) + return 0.0; /* invalid format (no digit) */ + e *= -4; /* each fractional digit divides value by 2^-4 */ + *endptr = cast(char *, s); /* valid up to here */ + if (*s == 'p' || *s == 'P') { /* exponent part? */ + int exp1 = 0; + int neg1; + s++; /* skip 'p' */ + neg1 = isneg(&s); /* signal */ + if (!lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s))) + goto ret; /* must have at least one digit */ + while (lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s))) /* read exponent */ + exp1 = exp1 * 10 + *(s++) - '0'; + if (neg1) exp1 = -exp1; + e += exp1; + } + *endptr = cast(char *, s); /* valid up to here */ + ret: + if (neg) r = -r; + return l_mathop(ldexp)(r, e); +} + +#endif + + +int luaO_str2d (const char *s, size_t len, lua_Number *result) { char *endptr; - *result = lua_str2number(s, &endptr); - if (endptr == s) return 0; /* conversion failed */ - if (*endptr == 'x' || *endptr == 'X') /* maybe an hexadecimal constant? */ - *result = cast_num(strtoul(s, &endptr, 16)); - if (*endptr == '\0') return 1; /* most common case */ - while (isspace(cast(unsigned char, *endptr))) endptr++; - if (*endptr != '\0') return 0; /* invalid trailing characters? */ - return 1; + if (strpbrk(s, "nN")) /* reject 'inf' and 'nan' */ + return 0; + else if (strpbrk(s, "xX")) /* hexa? */ + *result = lua_strx2number(s, &endptr); + else + *result = lua_str2number(s, &endptr); + if (endptr == s) return 0; /* nothing recognized */ + while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*endptr))) endptr++; + return (endptr == s + len); /* OK if no trailing characters */ } -static void pushstr (lua_State *L, const char *str) { - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_new(L, str)); - incr_top(L); +static void pushstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) { + setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, luaS_newlstr(L, str, l)); } /* this function handles only `%d', `%c', %f, %p, and `%s' formats */ const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) { - int n = 1; - pushstr(L, ""); + int n = 0; for (;;) { const char *e = strchr(fmt, '%'); if (e == NULL) break; - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_newlstr(L, fmt, e-fmt)); - incr_top(L); + luaD_checkstack(L, 2); /* fmt + item */ + pushstr(L, fmt, e - fmt); switch (*(e+1)) { case 's': { const char *s = va_arg(argp, char *); if (s == NULL) s = "(null)"; - pushstr(L, s); + pushstr(L, s, strlen(s)); break; } case 'c': { - char buff[2]; - buff[0] = cast(char, va_arg(argp, int)); - buff[1] = '\0'; - pushstr(L, buff); + char buff; + buff = cast(char, va_arg(argp, int)); + pushstr(L, &buff, 1); break; } case 'd': { - setnvalue(L->top, cast_num(va_arg(argp, int))); - incr_top(L); + setnvalue(L->top++, cast_num(va_arg(argp, int))); break; } case 'f': { - setnvalue(L->top, cast_num(va_arg(argp, l_uacNumber))); - incr_top(L); + setnvalue(L->top++, cast_num(va_arg(argp, l_uacNumber))); break; } case 'p': { char buff[4*sizeof(void *) + 8]; /* should be enough space for a `%p' */ - sprintf(buff, "%p", va_arg(argp, void *)); - pushstr(L, buff); + int l = sprintf(buff, "%p", va_arg(argp, void *)); + pushstr(L, buff, l); break; } case '%': { - pushstr(L, "%"); + pushstr(L, "%", 1); break; } default: { - char buff[3]; - buff[0] = '%'; - buff[1] = *(e+1); - buff[2] = '\0'; - pushstr(L, buff); - break; + luaG_runerror(L, + "invalid option " LUA_QL("%%%c") " to " LUA_QL("lua_pushfstring"), + *(e + 1)); } } n += 2; fmt = e+2; } - pushstr(L, fmt); - luaV_concat(L, n+1, cast_int(L->top - L->base) - 1); - L->top -= n; + luaD_checkstack(L, 1); + pushstr(L, fmt, strlen(fmt)); + if (n > 0) luaV_concat(L, n + 1); return svalue(L->top - 1); } @@ -179,36 +240,48 @@ const char *luaO_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) { } +/* number of chars of a literal string without the ending \0 */ +#define LL(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(char) - 1) + +#define RETS "..." +#define PRE "[string \"" +#define POS "\"]" + +#define addstr(a,b,l) ( memcpy(a,b,(l) * sizeof(char)), a += (l) ) + void luaO_chunkid (char *out, const char *source, size_t bufflen) { - if (*source == '=') { - strncpy(out, source+1, bufflen); /* remove first char */ - out[bufflen-1] = '\0'; /* ensures null termination */ + size_t l = strlen(source); + if (*source == '=') { /* 'literal' source */ + if (l <= bufflen) /* small enough? */ + memcpy(out, source + 1, l * sizeof(char)); + else { /* truncate it */ + addstr(out, source + 1, bufflen - 1); + *out = '\0'; + } } - else { /* out = "source", or "...source" */ - if (*source == '@') { - size_t l; - source++; /* skip the `@' */ - bufflen -= sizeof(" '...' "); - l = strlen(source); - strcpy(out, ""); - if (l > bufflen) { - source += (l-bufflen); /* get last part of file name */ - strcat(out, "..."); - } - strcat(out, source); + else if (*source == '@') { /* file name */ + if (l <= bufflen) /* small enough? */ + memcpy(out, source + 1, l * sizeof(char)); + else { /* add '...' before rest of name */ + addstr(out, RETS, LL(RETS)); + bufflen -= LL(RETS); + memcpy(out, source + 1 + l - bufflen, bufflen * sizeof(char)); } - else { /* out = [string "string"] */ - size_t len = strcspn(source, "\n\r"); /* stop at first newline */ - bufflen -= sizeof(" [string \"...\"] "); - if (len > bufflen) len = bufflen; - strcpy(out, "[string \""); - if (source[len] != '\0') { /* must truncate? */ - strncat(out, source, len); - strcat(out, "..."); - } - else - strcat(out, source); - strcat(out, "\"]"); + } + else { /* string; format as [string "source"] */ + const char *nl = strchr(source, '\n'); /* find first new line (if any) */ + addstr(out, PRE, LL(PRE)); /* add prefix */ + bufflen -= LL(PRE RETS POS) + 1; /* save space for prefix+suffix+'\0' */ + if (l < bufflen && nl == NULL) { /* small one-line source? */ + addstr(out, source, l); /* keep it */ } + else { + if (nl != NULL) l = nl - source; /* stop at first newline */ + if (l > bufflen) l = bufflen; + addstr(out, source, l); + addstr(out, RETS, LL(RETS)); + } + memcpy(out, POS, (LL(POS) + 1) * sizeof(char)); } } + diff --git a/lua/src/lobject.h b/lua/src/lobject.h index f1e447ef..3a630b94 100644 --- a/lua/src/lobject.h +++ b/lua/src/lobject.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lobject.h,v 2.20.1.2 2008/08/06 13:29:48 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lobject.h,v 2.71.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Type definitions for Lua objects ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -16,18 +16,52 @@ #include "lua.h" -/* tags for values visible from Lua */ -#define LAST_TAG LUA_TTHREAD - -#define NUM_TAGS (LAST_TAG+1) - - /* ** Extra tags for non-values */ -#define LUA_TPROTO (LAST_TAG+1) -#define LUA_TUPVAL (LAST_TAG+2) -#define LUA_TDEADKEY (LAST_TAG+3) +#define LUA_TPROTO LUA_NUMTAGS +#define LUA_TUPVAL (LUA_NUMTAGS+1) +#define LUA_TDEADKEY (LUA_NUMTAGS+2) + +/* +** number of all possible tags (including LUA_TNONE but excluding DEADKEY) +*/ +#define LUA_TOTALTAGS (LUA_TUPVAL+2) + + +/* +** tags for Tagged Values have the following use of bits: +** bits 0-3: actual tag (a LUA_T* value) +** bits 4-5: variant bits +** bit 6: whether value is collectable +*/ + +#define VARBITS (3 << 4) + + +/* +** LUA_TFUNCTION variants: +** 0 - Lua function +** 1 - light C function +** 2 - regular C function (closure) +*/ + +/* Variant tags for functions */ +#define LUA_TLCL (LUA_TFUNCTION | (0 << 4)) /* Lua closure */ +#define LUA_TLCF (LUA_TFUNCTION | (1 << 4)) /* light C function */ +#define LUA_TCCL (LUA_TFUNCTION | (2 << 4)) /* C closure */ + + +/* Variant tags for strings */ +#define LUA_TSHRSTR (LUA_TSTRING | (0 << 4)) /* short strings */ +#define LUA_TLNGSTR (LUA_TSTRING | (1 << 4)) /* long strings */ + + +/* Bit mark for collectable types */ +#define BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE (1 << 6) + +/* mark a tag as collectable */ +#define ctb(t) ((t) | BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE) /* @@ -52,120 +86,165 @@ typedef struct GCheader { - /* ** Union of all Lua values */ -typedef union { - GCObject *gc; - void *p; - lua_Number n; - int b; -} Value; +typedef union Value Value; + + +#define numfield lua_Number n; /* numbers */ + /* -** Tagged Values +** Tagged Values. This is the basic representation of values in Lua, +** an actual value plus a tag with its type. */ -#define TValuefields Value value; int tt +#define TValuefields Value value_; int tt_ -typedef struct lua_TValue { - TValuefields; -} TValue; +typedef struct lua_TValue TValue; + + +/* macro defining a nil value */ +#define NILCONSTANT {NULL}, LUA_TNIL + + +#define val_(o) ((o)->value_) +#define num_(o) (val_(o).n) + + +/* raw type tag of a TValue */ +#define rttype(o) ((o)->tt_) + +/* tag with no variants (bits 0-3) */ +#define novariant(x) ((x) & 0x0F) + +/* type tag of a TValue (bits 0-3 for tags + variant bits 4-5) */ +#define ttype(o) (rttype(o) & 0x3F) + +/* type tag of a TValue with no variants (bits 0-3) */ +#define ttypenv(o) (novariant(rttype(o))) /* Macros to test type */ -#define ttisnil(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TNIL) -#define ttisnumber(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TNUMBER) -#define ttisstring(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TSTRING) -#define ttistable(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TTABLE) -#define ttisfunction(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TFUNCTION) -#define ttisboolean(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TBOOLEAN) -#define ttisuserdata(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TUSERDATA) -#define ttisthread(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TTHREAD) -#define ttislightuserdata(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA) +#define checktag(o,t) (rttype(o) == (t)) +#define checktype(o,t) (ttypenv(o) == (t)) +#define ttisnumber(o) checktag((o), LUA_TNUMBER) +#define ttisnil(o) checktag((o), LUA_TNIL) +#define ttisboolean(o) checktag((o), LUA_TBOOLEAN) +#define ttislightuserdata(o) checktag((o), LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA) +#define ttisstring(o) checktype((o), LUA_TSTRING) +#define ttisshrstring(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TSHRSTR)) +#define ttislngstring(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TLNGSTR)) +#define ttistable(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TTABLE)) +#define ttisfunction(o) checktype(o, LUA_TFUNCTION) +#define ttisclosure(o) ((rttype(o) & 0x1F) == LUA_TFUNCTION) +#define ttisCclosure(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TCCL)) +#define ttisLclosure(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TLCL)) +#define ttislcf(o) checktag((o), LUA_TLCF) +#define ttisuserdata(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TUSERDATA)) +#define ttisthread(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TTHREAD)) +#define ttisdeadkey(o) checktag((o), LUA_TDEADKEY) + +#define ttisequal(o1,o2) (rttype(o1) == rttype(o2)) /* Macros to access values */ -#define ttype(o) ((o)->tt) -#define gcvalue(o) check_exp(iscollectable(o), (o)->value.gc) -#define pvalue(o) check_exp(ttislightuserdata(o), (o)->value.p) -#define nvalue(o) check_exp(ttisnumber(o), (o)->value.n) -#define rawtsvalue(o) check_exp(ttisstring(o), &(o)->value.gc->ts) +#define nvalue(o) check_exp(ttisnumber(o), num_(o)) +#define gcvalue(o) check_exp(iscollectable(o), val_(o).gc) +#define pvalue(o) check_exp(ttislightuserdata(o), val_(o).p) +#define rawtsvalue(o) check_exp(ttisstring(o), &val_(o).gc->ts) #define tsvalue(o) (&rawtsvalue(o)->tsv) -#define rawuvalue(o) check_exp(ttisuserdata(o), &(o)->value.gc->u) +#define rawuvalue(o) check_exp(ttisuserdata(o), &val_(o).gc->u) #define uvalue(o) (&rawuvalue(o)->uv) -#define clvalue(o) check_exp(ttisfunction(o), &(o)->value.gc->cl) -#define hvalue(o) check_exp(ttistable(o), &(o)->value.gc->h) -#define bvalue(o) check_exp(ttisboolean(o), (o)->value.b) -#define thvalue(o) check_exp(ttisthread(o), &(o)->value.gc->th) +#define clvalue(o) check_exp(ttisclosure(o), &val_(o).gc->cl) +#define clLvalue(o) check_exp(ttisLclosure(o), &val_(o).gc->cl.l) +#define clCvalue(o) check_exp(ttisCclosure(o), &val_(o).gc->cl.c) +#define fvalue(o) check_exp(ttislcf(o), val_(o).f) +#define hvalue(o) check_exp(ttistable(o), &val_(o).gc->h) +#define bvalue(o) check_exp(ttisboolean(o), val_(o).b) +#define thvalue(o) check_exp(ttisthread(o), &val_(o).gc->th) +/* a dead value may get the 'gc' field, but cannot access its contents */ +#define deadvalue(o) check_exp(ttisdeadkey(o), cast(void *, val_(o).gc)) #define l_isfalse(o) (ttisnil(o) || (ttisboolean(o) && bvalue(o) == 0)) -/* -** for internal debug only -*/ -#define checkconsistency(obj) \ - lua_assert(!iscollectable(obj) || (ttype(obj) == (obj)->value.gc->gch.tt)) + +#define iscollectable(o) (rttype(o) & BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE) + + +/* Macros for internal tests */ +#define righttt(obj) (ttype(obj) == gcvalue(obj)->gch.tt) #define checkliveness(g,obj) \ - lua_assert(!iscollectable(obj) || \ - ((ttype(obj) == (obj)->value.gc->gch.tt) && !isdead(g, (obj)->value.gc))) + lua_longassert(!iscollectable(obj) || \ + (righttt(obj) && !isdead(g,gcvalue(obj)))) /* Macros to set values */ -#define setnilvalue(obj) ((obj)->tt=LUA_TNIL) +#define settt_(o,t) ((o)->tt_=(t)) #define setnvalue(obj,x) \ - { TValue *i_o=(obj); i_o->value.n=(x); i_o->tt=LUA_TNUMBER; } + { TValue *io=(obj); num_(io)=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TNUMBER); } + +#define setnilvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_TNIL) + +#define setfvalue(obj,x) \ + { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).f=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TLCF); } #define setpvalue(obj,x) \ - { TValue *i_o=(obj); i_o->value.p=(x); i_o->tt=LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA; } + { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).p=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA); } #define setbvalue(obj,x) \ - { TValue *i_o=(obj); i_o->value.b=(x); i_o->tt=LUA_TBOOLEAN; } + { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).b=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TBOOLEAN); } + +#define setgcovalue(L,obj,x) \ + { TValue *io=(obj); GCObject *i_g=(x); \ + val_(io).gc=i_g; settt_(io, ctb(gch(i_g)->tt)); } #define setsvalue(L,obj,x) \ - { TValue *i_o=(obj); \ - i_o->value.gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); i_o->tt=LUA_TSTRING; \ - checkliveness(G(L),i_o); } + { TValue *io=(obj); \ + TString *x_ = (x); \ + val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, x_); settt_(io, ctb(x_->tsv.tt)); \ + checkliveness(G(L),io); } #define setuvalue(L,obj,x) \ - { TValue *i_o=(obj); \ - i_o->value.gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); i_o->tt=LUA_TUSERDATA; \ - checkliveness(G(L),i_o); } + { TValue *io=(obj); \ + val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TUSERDATA)); \ + checkliveness(G(L),io); } #define setthvalue(L,obj,x) \ - { TValue *i_o=(obj); \ - i_o->value.gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); i_o->tt=LUA_TTHREAD; \ - checkliveness(G(L),i_o); } + { TValue *io=(obj); \ + val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TTHREAD)); \ + checkliveness(G(L),io); } -#define setclvalue(L,obj,x) \ - { TValue *i_o=(obj); \ - i_o->value.gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); i_o->tt=LUA_TFUNCTION; \ - checkliveness(G(L),i_o); } +#define setclLvalue(L,obj,x) \ + { TValue *io=(obj); \ + val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TLCL)); \ + checkliveness(G(L),io); } + +#define setclCvalue(L,obj,x) \ + { TValue *io=(obj); \ + val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TCCL)); \ + checkliveness(G(L),io); } #define sethvalue(L,obj,x) \ - { TValue *i_o=(obj); \ - i_o->value.gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); i_o->tt=LUA_TTABLE; \ - checkliveness(G(L),i_o); } - -#define setptvalue(L,obj,x) \ - { TValue *i_o=(obj); \ - i_o->value.gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); i_o->tt=LUA_TPROTO; \ - checkliveness(G(L),i_o); } + { TValue *io=(obj); \ + val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TTABLE)); \ + checkliveness(G(L),io); } +#define setdeadvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_TDEADKEY) #define setobj(L,obj1,obj2) \ - { const TValue *o2=(obj2); TValue *o1=(obj1); \ - o1->value = o2->value; o1->tt=o2->tt; \ - checkliveness(G(L),o1); } + { const TValue *io2=(obj2); TValue *io1=(obj1); \ + io1->value_ = io2->value_; io1->tt_ = io2->tt_; \ + checkliveness(G(L),io1); } /* -** different types of sets, according to destination +** different types of assignments, according to destination */ /* from stack to (same) stack */ @@ -183,47 +262,204 @@ typedef struct lua_TValue { #define setobj2n setobj #define setsvalue2n setsvalue -#define setttype(obj, tt) (ttype(obj) = (tt)) + +/* check whether a number is valid (useful only for NaN trick) */ +#define luai_checknum(L,o,c) { /* empty */ } -#define iscollectable(o) (ttype(o) >= LUA_TSTRING) +/* +** {====================================================== +** NaN Trick +** ======================================================= +*/ +#if defined(LUA_NANTRICK) +/* +** numbers are represented in the 'd_' field. All other values have the +** value (NNMARK | tag) in 'tt__'. A number with such pattern would be +** a "signaled NaN", which is never generated by regular operations by +** the CPU (nor by 'strtod') +*/ + +/* allows for external implementation for part of the trick */ +#if !defined(NNMARK) /* { */ + + +#if !defined(LUA_IEEEENDIAN) +#error option 'LUA_NANTRICK' needs 'LUA_IEEEENDIAN' +#endif + + +#define NNMARK 0x7FF7A500 +#define NNMASK 0x7FFFFF00 + +#undef TValuefields +#undef NILCONSTANT + +#if (LUA_IEEEENDIAN == 0) /* { */ + +/* little endian */ +#define TValuefields \ + union { struct { Value v__; int tt__; } i; double d__; } u +#define NILCONSTANT {{{NULL}, tag2tt(LUA_TNIL)}} +/* field-access macros */ +#define v_(o) ((o)->u.i.v__) +#define d_(o) ((o)->u.d__) +#define tt_(o) ((o)->u.i.tt__) + +#else /* }{ */ + +/* big endian */ +#define TValuefields \ + union { struct { int tt__; Value v__; } i; double d__; } u +#define NILCONSTANT {{tag2tt(LUA_TNIL), {NULL}}} +/* field-access macros */ +#define v_(o) ((o)->u.i.v__) +#define d_(o) ((o)->u.d__) +#define tt_(o) ((o)->u.i.tt__) + +#endif /* } */ + +#endif /* } */ + + +/* correspondence with standard representation */ +#undef val_ +#define val_(o) v_(o) +#undef num_ +#define num_(o) d_(o) + + +#undef numfield +#define numfield /* no such field; numbers are the entire struct */ + +/* basic check to distinguish numbers from non-numbers */ +#undef ttisnumber +#define ttisnumber(o) ((tt_(o) & NNMASK) != NNMARK) + +#define tag2tt(t) (NNMARK | (t)) + +#undef rttype +#define rttype(o) (ttisnumber(o) ? LUA_TNUMBER : tt_(o) & 0xff) + +#undef settt_ +#define settt_(o,t) (tt_(o) = tag2tt(t)) + +#undef setnvalue +#define setnvalue(obj,x) \ + { TValue *io_=(obj); num_(io_)=(x); lua_assert(ttisnumber(io_)); } + +#undef setobj +#define setobj(L,obj1,obj2) \ + { const TValue *o2_=(obj2); TValue *o1_=(obj1); \ + o1_->u = o2_->u; \ + checkliveness(G(L),o1_); } + + +/* +** these redefinitions are not mandatory, but these forms are more efficient +*/ + +#undef checktag +#undef checktype +#define checktag(o,t) (tt_(o) == tag2tt(t)) +#define checktype(o,t) (ctb(tt_(o) | VARBITS) == ctb(tag2tt(t) | VARBITS)) + +#undef ttisequal +#define ttisequal(o1,o2) \ + (ttisnumber(o1) ? ttisnumber(o2) : (tt_(o1) == tt_(o2))) + + +#undef luai_checknum +#define luai_checknum(L,o,c) { if (!ttisnumber(o)) c; } + +#endif +/* }====================================================== */ + + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** types and prototypes +** ======================================================= +*/ + + +union Value { + GCObject *gc; /* collectable objects */ + void *p; /* light userdata */ + int b; /* booleans */ + lua_CFunction f; /* light C functions */ + numfield /* numbers */ +}; + + +struct lua_TValue { + TValuefields; +}; typedef TValue *StkId; /* index to stack elements */ + + /* -** String headers for string table +** Header for string value; string bytes follow the end of this structure */ typedef union TString { L_Umaxalign dummy; /* ensures maximum alignment for strings */ struct { CommonHeader; - lu_byte reserved; + lu_byte extra; /* reserved words for short strings; "has hash" for longs */ unsigned int hash; - size_t len; + size_t len; /* number of characters in string */ } tsv; } TString; +/* get the actual string (array of bytes) from a TString */ #define getstr(ts) cast(const char *, (ts) + 1) + +/* get the actual string (array of bytes) from a Lua value */ #define svalue(o) getstr(rawtsvalue(o)) - +/* +** Header for userdata; memory area follows the end of this structure +*/ typedef union Udata { L_Umaxalign dummy; /* ensures maximum alignment for `local' udata */ struct { CommonHeader; struct Table *metatable; struct Table *env; - size_t len; + size_t len; /* number of bytes */ } uv; } Udata; +/* +** Description of an upvalue for function prototypes +*/ +typedef struct Upvaldesc { + TString *name; /* upvalue name (for debug information) */ + lu_byte instack; /* whether it is in stack */ + lu_byte idx; /* index of upvalue (in stack or in outer function's list) */ +} Upvaldesc; + + +/* +** Description of a local variable for function prototypes +** (used for debug information) +*/ +typedef struct LocVar { + TString *varname; + int startpc; /* first point where variable is active */ + int endpc; /* first point where variable is dead */ +} LocVar; + /* ** Function Prototypes @@ -233,11 +469,12 @@ typedef struct Proto { TValue *k; /* constants used by the function */ Instruction *code; struct Proto **p; /* functions defined inside the function */ - int *lineinfo; /* map from opcodes to source lines */ - struct LocVar *locvars; /* information about local variables */ - TString **upvalues; /* upvalue names */ - TString *source; - int sizeupvalues; + int *lineinfo; /* map from opcodes to source lines (debug information) */ + LocVar *locvars; /* information about local variables (debug information) */ + Upvaldesc *upvalues; /* upvalue information */ + union Closure *cache; /* last created closure with this prototype */ + TString *source; /* used for debug information */ + int sizeupvalues; /* size of 'upvalues' */ int sizek; /* size of `k' */ int sizecode; int sizelineinfo; @@ -246,31 +483,16 @@ typedef struct Proto { int linedefined; int lastlinedefined; GCObject *gclist; - lu_byte nups; /* number of upvalues */ - lu_byte numparams; + lu_byte numparams; /* number of fixed parameters */ lu_byte is_vararg; - lu_byte maxstacksize; + lu_byte maxstacksize; /* maximum stack used by this function */ } Proto; -/* masks for new-style vararg */ -#define VARARG_HASARG 1 -#define VARARG_ISVARARG 2 -#define VARARG_NEEDSARG 4 - - -typedef struct LocVar { - TString *varname; - int startpc; /* first point where variable is active */ - int endpc; /* first point where variable is dead */ -} LocVar; - - /* -** Upvalues +** Lua Upvalues */ - typedef struct UpVal { CommonHeader; TValue *v; /* points to stack or to its own value */ @@ -289,20 +511,19 @@ typedef struct UpVal { */ #define ClosureHeader \ - CommonHeader; lu_byte isC; lu_byte nupvalues; GCObject *gclist; \ - struct Table *env + CommonHeader; lu_byte nupvalues; GCObject *gclist typedef struct CClosure { ClosureHeader; lua_CFunction f; - TValue upvalue[1]; + TValue upvalue[1]; /* list of upvalues */ } CClosure; typedef struct LClosure { ClosureHeader; struct Proto *p; - UpVal *upvals[1]; + UpVal *upvals[1]; /* list of upvalues */ } LClosure; @@ -312,8 +533,9 @@ typedef union Closure { } Closure; -#define iscfunction(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TFUNCTION && clvalue(o)->c.isC) -#define isLfunction(o) (ttype(o) == LUA_TFUNCTION && !clvalue(o)->c.isC) +#define isLfunction(o) ttisLclosure(o) + +#define getproto(o) (clLvalue(o)->p) /* @@ -337,7 +559,7 @@ typedef struct Node { typedef struct Table { CommonHeader; - lu_byte flags; /* 1<

lsizenode)) +/* +** (address of) a fixed nil value +*/ #define luaO_nilobject (&luaO_nilobject_) -LUAI_DATA const TValue luaO_nilobject_; -#define ceillog2(x) (luaO_log2((x)-1) + 1) +LUAI_DDEC const TValue luaO_nilobject_; + -LUAI_FUNC int luaO_log2 (unsigned int x); LUAI_FUNC int luaO_int2fb (unsigned int x); LUAI_FUNC int luaO_fb2int (int x); -LUAI_FUNC int luaO_rawequalObj (const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2); -LUAI_FUNC int luaO_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result); +LUAI_FUNC int luaO_ceillog2 (unsigned int x); +LUAI_FUNC lua_Number luaO_arith (int op, lua_Number v1, lua_Number v2); +LUAI_FUNC int luaO_str2d (const char *s, size_t len, lua_Number *result); +LUAI_FUNC int luaO_hexavalue (int c); LUAI_FUNC const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp); LUAI_FUNC const char *luaO_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...); diff --git a/lua/src/lopcodes.c b/lua/src/lopcodes.c index 4cc74523..4190dc76 100644 --- a/lua/src/lopcodes.c +++ b/lua/src/lopcodes.c @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ /* -** $Id: lopcodes.c,v 1.37.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lopcodes.c,v 1.49.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ +** Opcodes for Lua virtual machine ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -13,15 +14,16 @@ /* ORDER OP */ -const char *const luaP_opnames[NUM_OPCODES+1] = { +LUAI_DDEF const char *const luaP_opnames[NUM_OPCODES+1] = { "MOVE", "LOADK", + "LOADKX", "LOADBOOL", "LOADNIL", "GETUPVAL", - "GETGLOBAL", + "GETTABUP", "GETTABLE", - "SETGLOBAL", + "SETTABUP", "SETUPVAL", "SETTABLE", "NEWTABLE", @@ -47,27 +49,29 @@ const char *const luaP_opnames[NUM_OPCODES+1] = { "RETURN", "FORLOOP", "FORPREP", + "TFORCALL", "TFORLOOP", "SETLIST", - "CLOSE", "CLOSURE", "VARARG", + "EXTRAARG", NULL }; #define opmode(t,a,b,c,m) (((t)<<7) | ((a)<<6) | ((b)<<4) | ((c)<<2) | (m)) -const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES] = { +LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES] = { /* T A B C mode opcode */ - opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iABC) /* OP_MOVE */ + opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iABC) /* OP_MOVE */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgN, iABx) /* OP_LOADK */ + ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgN, OpArgN, iABx) /* OP_LOADKX */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgU, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_LOADBOOL */ - ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iABC) /* OP_LOADNIL */ + ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgU, OpArgN, iABC) /* OP_LOADNIL */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgU, OpArgN, iABC) /* OP_GETUPVAL */ - ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgN, iABx) /* OP_GETGLOBAL */ + ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgU, OpArgK, iABC) /* OP_GETTABUP */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgK, iABC) /* OP_GETTABLE */ - ,opmode(0, 0, OpArgK, OpArgN, iABx) /* OP_SETGLOBAL */ + ,opmode(0, 0, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC) /* OP_SETTABUP */ ,opmode(0, 0, OpArgU, OpArgN, iABC) /* OP_SETUPVAL */ ,opmode(0, 0, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC) /* OP_SETTABLE */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgU, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_NEWTABLE */ @@ -86,17 +90,18 @@ const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES] = { ,opmode(1, 0, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC) /* OP_EQ */ ,opmode(1, 0, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC) /* OP_LT */ ,opmode(1, 0, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC) /* OP_LE */ - ,opmode(1, 1, OpArgR, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_TEST */ + ,opmode(1, 0, OpArgN, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_TEST */ ,opmode(1, 1, OpArgR, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_TESTSET */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgU, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_CALL */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgU, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_TAILCALL */ ,opmode(0, 0, OpArgU, OpArgN, iABC) /* OP_RETURN */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iAsBx) /* OP_FORLOOP */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iAsBx) /* OP_FORPREP */ - ,opmode(1, 0, OpArgN, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_TFORLOOP */ + ,opmode(0, 0, OpArgN, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_TFORCALL */ + ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iAsBx) /* OP_TFORLOOP */ ,opmode(0, 0, OpArgU, OpArgU, iABC) /* OP_SETLIST */ - ,opmode(0, 0, OpArgN, OpArgN, iABC) /* OP_CLOSE */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgU, OpArgN, iABx) /* OP_CLOSURE */ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgU, OpArgN, iABC) /* OP_VARARG */ + ,opmode(0, 0, OpArgU, OpArgU, iAx) /* OP_EXTRAARG */ }; diff --git a/lua/src/lopcodes.h b/lua/src/lopcodes.h index 41224d6e..51f57915 100644 --- a/lua/src/lopcodes.h +++ b/lua/src/lopcodes.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lopcodes.h,v 1.125.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lopcodes.h,v 1.142.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Opcodes for Lua virtual machine ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ `A' : 8 bits `B' : 9 bits `C' : 9 bits + 'Ax' : 26 bits ('A', 'B', and 'C' together) `Bx' : 18 bits (`B' and `C' together) `sBx' : signed Bx @@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ ===========================================================================*/ -enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx}; /* basic instruction format */ +enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx}; /* basic instruction format */ /* @@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx}; /* basic instruction format */ #define SIZE_B 9 #define SIZE_Bx (SIZE_C + SIZE_B) #define SIZE_A 8 +#define SIZE_Ax (SIZE_C + SIZE_B + SIZE_A) #define SIZE_OP 6 @@ -46,6 +48,7 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx}; /* basic instruction format */ #define POS_C (POS_A + SIZE_A) #define POS_B (POS_C + SIZE_C) #define POS_Bx POS_C +#define POS_Ax POS_A /* @@ -61,6 +64,12 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx}; /* basic instruction format */ #define MAXARG_sBx MAX_INT #endif +#if SIZE_Ax < LUAI_BITSINT-1 +#define MAXARG_Ax ((1<>POS_A) & MASK1(SIZE_A,0))) -#define SETARG_A(i,u) ((i) = (((i)&MASK0(SIZE_A,POS_A)) | \ - ((cast(Instruction, u)<>pos) & MASK1(size,0))) +#define setarg(i,v,pos,size) ((i) = (((i)&MASK0(size,pos)) | \ + ((cast(Instruction, v)<>POS_B) & MASK1(SIZE_B,0))) -#define SETARG_B(i,b) ((i) = (((i)&MASK0(SIZE_B,POS_B)) | \ - ((cast(Instruction, b)<>POS_C) & MASK1(SIZE_C,0))) -#define SETARG_C(i,b) ((i) = (((i)&MASK0(SIZE_C,POS_C)) | \ - ((cast(Instruction, b)<>POS_Bx) & MASK1(SIZE_Bx,0))) -#define SETARG_Bx(i,b) ((i) = (((i)&MASK0(SIZE_Bx,POS_Bx)) | \ - ((cast(Instruction, b)<= R(A) + 1 */ OP_EQ,/* A B C if ((RK(B) == RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++ */ -OP_LT,/* A B C if ((RK(B) < RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++ */ -OP_LE,/* A B C if ((RK(B) <= RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++ */ +OP_LT,/* A B C if ((RK(B) < RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++ */ +OP_LE,/* A B C if ((RK(B) <= RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++ */ -OP_TEST,/* A C if not (R(A) <=> C) then pc++ */ -OP_TESTSET,/* A B C if (R(B) <=> C) then R(A) := R(B) else pc++ */ +OP_TEST,/* A C if not (R(A) <=> C) then pc++ */ +OP_TESTSET,/* A B C if (R(B) <=> C) then R(A) := R(B) else pc++ */ OP_CALL,/* A B C R(A), ... ,R(A+C-2) := R(A)(R(A+1), ... ,R(A+B-1)) */ OP_TAILCALL,/* A B C return R(A)(R(A+1), ... ,R(A+B-1)) */ @@ -197,39 +212,44 @@ OP_FORLOOP,/* A sBx R(A)+=R(A+2); if R(A) =) R(A)*/ -OP_CLOSURE,/* A Bx R(A) := closure(KPROTO[Bx], R(A), ... ,R(A+n)) */ +OP_CLOSURE,/* A Bx R(A) := closure(KPROTO[Bx]) */ -OP_VARARG/* A B R(A), R(A+1), ..., R(A+B-1) = vararg */ +OP_VARARG,/* A B R(A), R(A+1), ..., R(A+B-2) = vararg */ + +OP_EXTRAARG/* Ax extra (larger) argument for previous opcode */ } OpCode; -#define NUM_OPCODES (cast(int, OP_VARARG) + 1) +#define NUM_OPCODES (cast(int, OP_EXTRAARG) + 1) /*=========================================================================== Notes: - (*) In OP_CALL, if (B == 0) then B = top. C is the number of returns - 1, - and can be 0: OP_CALL then sets `top' to last_result+1, so - next open instruction (OP_CALL, OP_RETURN, OP_SETLIST) may use `top'. + (*) In OP_CALL, if (B == 0) then B = top. If (C == 0), then `top' is + set to last_result+1, so next open instruction (OP_CALL, OP_RETURN, + OP_SETLIST) may use `top'. (*) In OP_VARARG, if (B == 0) then use actual number of varargs and - set top (like in OP_CALL with C == 0). + set top (like in OP_CALL with C == 0). - (*) In OP_RETURN, if (B == 0) then return up to `top' + (*) In OP_RETURN, if (B == 0) then return up to `top'. - (*) In OP_SETLIST, if (B == 0) then B = `top'; - if (C == 0) then next `instruction' is real C + (*) In OP_SETLIST, if (B == 0) then B = `top'; if (C == 0) then next + 'instruction' is EXTRAARG(real C). + + (*) In OP_LOADKX, the next 'instruction' is always EXTRAARG. (*) For comparisons, A specifies what condition the test should accept - (true or false). + (true or false). + + (*) All `skips' (pc++) assume that next instruction is a jump. - (*) All `skips' (pc++) assume that next instruction is a jump ===========================================================================*/ @@ -239,8 +259,8 @@ OP_VARARG/* A B R(A), R(A+1), ..., R(A+B-1) = vararg */ ** bits 2-3: C arg mode ** bits 4-5: B arg mode ** bit 6: instruction set register A -** bit 7: operator is a test -*/ +** bit 7: operator is a test (next instruction must be a jump) +*/ enum OpArgMask { OpArgN, /* argument is not used */ @@ -249,7 +269,7 @@ enum OpArgMask { OpArgK /* argument is a constant or register/constant */ }; -LUAI_DATA const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES]; +LUAI_DDEC const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES]; #define getOpMode(m) (cast(enum OpMode, luaP_opmodes[m] & 3)) #define getBMode(m) (cast(enum OpArgMask, (luaP_opmodes[m] >> 4) & 3)) @@ -258,7 +278,7 @@ LUAI_DATA const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES]; #define testTMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 7)) -LUAI_DATA const char *const luaP_opnames[NUM_OPCODES+1]; /* opcode names */ +LUAI_DDEC const char *const luaP_opnames[NUM_OPCODES+1]; /* opcode names */ /* number of list items to accumulate before a SETLIST instruction */ diff --git a/lua/src/loslib.c b/lua/src/loslib.c index da06a572..052ba174 100644 --- a/lua/src/loslib.c +++ b/lua/src/loslib.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: loslib.c,v 1.19.1.3 2008/01/18 16:38:18 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: loslib.c,v 1.40.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Standard Operating System library ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -20,37 +20,85 @@ #include "lualib.h" -static int os_pushresult (lua_State *L, int i, const char *filename) { - int en = errno; /* calls to Lua API may change this value */ - if (i) { - lua_pushboolean(L, 1); - return 1; - } - else { - lua_pushnil(L); - lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %s", filename, strerror(en)); - lua_pushinteger(L, en); - return 3; - } -} +/* +** list of valid conversion specifiers for the 'strftime' function +*/ +#if !defined(LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS) + +#if !defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) +#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS { "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYz%", "" } +#else +#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS \ + { "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%", "" \ + "", "E", "cCxXyY", \ + "O", "deHImMSuUVwWy" } +#endif + +#endif + + + +/* +** By default, Lua uses tmpnam except when POSIX is available, where it +** uses mkstemp. +*/ +#if defined(LUA_USE_MKSTEMP) +#include +#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE 32 +#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { \ + strcpy(b, "/tmp/lua_XXXXXX"); \ + e = mkstemp(b); \ + if (e != -1) close(e); \ + e = (e == -1); } + +#elif !defined(lua_tmpnam) + +#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE L_tmpnam +#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { e = (tmpnam(b) == NULL); } + +#endif + + +/* +** By default, Lua uses gmtime/localtime, except when POSIX is available, +** where it uses gmtime_r/localtime_r +*/ +#if defined(LUA_USE_GMTIME_R) + +#define l_gmtime(t,r) gmtime_r(t,r) +#define l_localtime(t,r) localtime_r(t,r) + +#elif !defined(l_gmtime) + +#define l_gmtime(t,r) ((void)r, gmtime(t)) +#define l_localtime(t,r) ((void)r, localtime(t)) + +#endif + static int os_execute (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushinteger(L, system(luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL))); - return 1; + const char *cmd = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL); + int stat = system(cmd); + if (cmd != NULL) + return luaL_execresult(L, stat); + else { + lua_pushboolean(L, stat); /* true if there is a shell */ + return 1; + } } static int os_remove (lua_State *L) { const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); - return os_pushresult(L, remove(filename) == 0, filename); + return luaL_fileresult(L, remove(filename) == 0, filename); } static int os_rename (lua_State *L) { const char *fromname = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); const char *toname = luaL_checkstring(L, 2); - return os_pushresult(L, rename(fromname, toname) == 0, fromname); + return luaL_fileresult(L, rename(fromname, toname) == 0, NULL); } @@ -107,11 +155,10 @@ static int getboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key) { static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d) { - int res; + int res, isnum; lua_getfield(L, -1, key); - if (lua_isnumber(L, -1)) - res = (int)lua_tointeger(L, -1); - else { + res = (int)lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum); + if (!isnum) { if (d < 0) return luaL_error(L, "field " LUA_QS " missing in date table", key); res = d; @@ -121,16 +168,40 @@ static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d) { } +static const char *checkoption (lua_State *L, const char *conv, char *buff) { + static const char *const options[] = LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS; + unsigned int i; + for (i = 0; i < sizeof(options)/sizeof(options[0]); i += 2) { + if (*conv != '\0' && strchr(options[i], *conv) != NULL) { + buff[1] = *conv; + if (*options[i + 1] == '\0') { /* one-char conversion specifier? */ + buff[2] = '\0'; /* end buffer */ + return conv + 1; + } + else if (*(conv + 1) != '\0' && + strchr(options[i + 1], *(conv + 1)) != NULL) { + buff[2] = *(conv + 1); /* valid two-char conversion specifier */ + buff[3] = '\0'; /* end buffer */ + return conv + 2; + } + } + } + luaL_argerror(L, 1, + lua_pushfstring(L, "invalid conversion specifier '%%%s'", conv)); + return conv; /* to avoid warnings */ +} + + static int os_date (lua_State *L) { const char *s = luaL_optstring(L, 1, "%c"); time_t t = luaL_opt(L, (time_t)luaL_checknumber, 2, time(NULL)); - struct tm *stm; + struct tm tmr, *stm; if (*s == '!') { /* UTC? */ - stm = gmtime(&t); + stm = l_gmtime(&t, &tmr); s++; /* skip `!' */ } else - stm = localtime(&t); + stm = l_localtime(&t, &tmr); if (stm == NULL) /* invalid date? */ lua_pushnil(L); else if (strcmp(s, "*t") == 0) { @@ -146,17 +217,17 @@ static int os_date (lua_State *L) { setboolfield(L, "isdst", stm->tm_isdst); } else { - char cc[3]; + char cc[4]; luaL_Buffer b; - cc[0] = '%'; cc[2] = '\0'; + cc[0] = '%'; luaL_buffinit(L, &b); - for (; *s; s++) { - if (*s != '%' || *(s + 1) == '\0') /* no conversion specifier? */ - luaL_addchar(&b, *s); + while (*s) { + if (*s != '%') /* no conversion specifier? */ + luaL_addchar(&b, *s++); else { size_t reslen; char buff[200]; /* should be big enough for any conversion result */ - cc[1] = *(++s); + s = checkoption(L, s + 1, cc); reslen = strftime(buff, sizeof(buff), cc, stm); luaL_addlstring(&b, buff, reslen); } @@ -214,9 +285,18 @@ static int os_setlocale (lua_State *L) { static int os_exit (lua_State *L) { - exit(luaL_optint(L, 1, EXIT_SUCCESS)); + int status; + if (lua_isboolean(L, 1)) + status = (lua_toboolean(L, 1) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE); + else + status = luaL_optint(L, 1, EXIT_SUCCESS); + if (lua_toboolean(L, 2)) + lua_close(L); + if (L) exit(status); /* 'if' to avoid warnings for unreachable 'return' */ + return 0; } + static const luaL_Reg syslib[] = { {"clock", os_clock}, {"date", os_date}, @@ -236,8 +316,8 @@ static const luaL_Reg syslib[] = { -LUALIB_API int luaopen_os (lua_State *L) { - luaL_register(L, LUA_OSLIBNAME, syslib); +LUAMOD_API int luaopen_os (lua_State *L) { + luaL_newlib(L, syslib); return 1; } diff --git a/lua/src/lparser.c b/lua/src/lparser.c index dda7488d..9e1a9ca2 100644 --- a/lua/src/lparser.c +++ b/lua/src/lparser.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lparser.c,v 2.42.1.4 2011/10/21 19:31:42 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lparser.c,v 2.130.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Lua Parser ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -27,11 +27,13 @@ +/* maximum number of local variables per function (must be smaller + than 250, due to the bytecode format) */ +#define MAXVARS 200 + + #define hasmultret(k) ((k) == VCALL || (k) == VVARARG) -#define getlocvar(fs, i) ((fs)->f->locvars[(fs)->actvar[i]]) - -#define luaY_checklimit(fs,v,l,m) if ((v)>(l)) errorlimit(fs,l,m) /* @@ -39,10 +41,11 @@ */ typedef struct BlockCnt { struct BlockCnt *previous; /* chain */ - int breaklist; /* list of jumps out of this loop */ - lu_byte nactvar; /* # active locals outside the breakable structure */ + short firstlabel; /* index of first label in this block */ + short firstgoto; /* index of first pending goto in this block */ + lu_byte nactvar; /* # active locals outside the block */ lu_byte upval; /* true if some variable in the block is an upvalue */ - lu_byte isbreakable; /* true if `block' is a loop */ + lu_byte isloop; /* true if `block' is a loop */ } BlockCnt; @@ -50,11 +53,13 @@ typedef struct BlockCnt { /* ** prototypes for recursive non-terminal functions */ -static void chunk (LexState *ls); +static void statement (LexState *ls); static void expr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v); static void anchor_token (LexState *ls) { + /* last token from outer function must be EOS */ + lua_assert(ls->fs != NULL || ls->t.token == TK_EOS); if (ls->t.token == TK_NAME || ls->t.token == TK_STRING) { TString *ts = ls->t.seminfo.ts; luaX_newstring(ls, getstr(ts), ts->tsv.len); @@ -62,18 +67,34 @@ static void anchor_token (LexState *ls) { } -static void error_expected (LexState *ls, int token) { - luaX_syntaxerror(ls, - luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, LUA_QS " expected", luaX_token2str(ls, token))); +/* semantic error */ +static l_noret semerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) { + ls->t.token = 0; /* remove 'near to' from final message */ + luaX_syntaxerror(ls, msg); } -static void errorlimit (FuncState *fs, int limit, const char *what) { - const char *msg = (fs->f->linedefined == 0) ? - luaO_pushfstring(fs->L, "main function has more than %d %s", limit, what) : - luaO_pushfstring(fs->L, "function at line %d has more than %d %s", - fs->f->linedefined, limit, what); - luaX_lexerror(fs->ls, msg, 0); +static l_noret error_expected (LexState *ls, int token) { + luaX_syntaxerror(ls, + luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s expected", luaX_token2str(ls, token))); +} + + +static l_noret errorlimit (FuncState *fs, int limit, const char *what) { + lua_State *L = fs->ls->L; + const char *msg; + int line = fs->f->linedefined; + const char *where = (line == 0) + ? "main function" + : luaO_pushfstring(L, "function at line %d", line); + msg = luaO_pushfstring(L, "too many %s (limit is %d) in %s", + what, limit, where); + luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, msg); +} + + +static void checklimit (FuncState *fs, int v, int l, const char *what) { + if (v > l) errorlimit(fs, l, what); } @@ -91,6 +112,7 @@ static void check (LexState *ls, int c) { error_expected(ls, c); } + static void checknext (LexState *ls, int c) { check(ls, c); luaX_next(ls); @@ -107,7 +129,7 @@ static void check_match (LexState *ls, int what, int who, int where) { error_expected(ls, what); else { luaX_syntaxerror(ls, luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, - LUA_QS " expected (to close " LUA_QS " at line %d)", + "%s expected (to close %s at line %d)", luaX_token2str(ls, what), luaX_token2str(ls, who), where)); } } @@ -126,7 +148,7 @@ static TString *str_checkname (LexState *ls) { static void init_exp (expdesc *e, expkind k, int i) { e->f = e->t = NO_JUMP; e->k = k; - e->u.s.info = i; + e->u.info = i; } @@ -135,7 +157,7 @@ static void codestring (LexState *ls, expdesc *e, TString *s) { } -static void checkname(LexState *ls, expdesc *e) { +static void checkname (LexState *ls, expdesc *e) { codestring(ls, e, str_checkname(ls)); } @@ -145,7 +167,7 @@ static int registerlocalvar (LexState *ls, TString *varname) { Proto *f = fs->f; int oldsize = f->sizelocvars; luaM_growvector(ls->L, f->locvars, fs->nlocvars, f->sizelocvars, - LocVar, SHRT_MAX, "too many local variables"); + LocVar, SHRT_MAX, "local variables"); while (oldsize < f->sizelocvars) f->locvars[oldsize++].varname = NULL; f->locvars[fs->nlocvars].varname = varname; luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, f, varname); @@ -153,14 +175,30 @@ static int registerlocalvar (LexState *ls, TString *varname) { } -#define new_localvarliteral(ls,v,n) \ - new_localvar(ls, luaX_newstring(ls, "" v, (sizeof(v)/sizeof(char))-1), n) - - -static void new_localvar (LexState *ls, TString *name, int n) { +static void new_localvar (LexState *ls, TString *name) { FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - luaY_checklimit(fs, fs->nactvar+n+1, LUAI_MAXVARS, "local variables"); - fs->actvar[fs->nactvar+n] = cast(unsigned short, registerlocalvar(ls, name)); + Dyndata *dyd = ls->dyd; + int reg = registerlocalvar(ls, name); + checklimit(fs, dyd->actvar.n + 1 - fs->firstlocal, + MAXVARS, "local variables"); + luaM_growvector(ls->L, dyd->actvar.arr, dyd->actvar.n + 1, + dyd->actvar.size, Vardesc, MAX_INT, "local variables"); + dyd->actvar.arr[dyd->actvar.n++].idx = cast(short, reg); +} + + +static void new_localvarliteral_ (LexState *ls, const char *name, size_t sz) { + new_localvar(ls, luaX_newstring(ls, name, sz)); +} + +#define new_localvarliteral(ls,v) \ + new_localvarliteral_(ls, "" v, (sizeof(v)/sizeof(char))-1) + + +static LocVar *getlocvar (FuncState *fs, int i) { + int idx = fs->ls->dyd->actvar.arr[fs->firstlocal + i].idx; + lua_assert(idx < fs->nlocvars); + return &fs->f->locvars[idx]; } @@ -168,77 +206,88 @@ static void adjustlocalvars (LexState *ls, int nvars) { FuncState *fs = ls->fs; fs->nactvar = cast_byte(fs->nactvar + nvars); for (; nvars; nvars--) { - getlocvar(fs, fs->nactvar - nvars).startpc = fs->pc; + getlocvar(fs, fs->nactvar - nvars)->startpc = fs->pc; } } -static void removevars (LexState *ls, int tolevel) { - FuncState *fs = ls->fs; +static void removevars (FuncState *fs, int tolevel) { + fs->ls->dyd->actvar.n -= (fs->nactvar - tolevel); while (fs->nactvar > tolevel) - getlocvar(fs, --fs->nactvar).endpc = fs->pc; + getlocvar(fs, --fs->nactvar)->endpc = fs->pc; } -static int indexupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name, expdesc *v) { +static int searchupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name) { int i; + Upvaldesc *up = fs->f->upvalues; + for (i = 0; i < fs->nups; i++) { + if (luaS_eqstr(up[i].name, name)) return i; + } + return -1; /* not found */ +} + + +static int newupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name, expdesc *v) { Proto *f = fs->f; int oldsize = f->sizeupvalues; - for (i=0; inups; i++) { - if (fs->upvalues[i].k == v->k && fs->upvalues[i].info == v->u.s.info) { - lua_assert(f->upvalues[i] == name); - return i; - } - } - /* new one */ - luaY_checklimit(fs, f->nups + 1, LUAI_MAXUPVALUES, "upvalues"); - luaM_growvector(fs->L, f->upvalues, f->nups, f->sizeupvalues, - TString *, MAX_INT, ""); - while (oldsize < f->sizeupvalues) f->upvalues[oldsize++] = NULL; - f->upvalues[f->nups] = name; - luaC_objbarrier(fs->L, f, name); - lua_assert(v->k == VLOCAL || v->k == VUPVAL); - fs->upvalues[f->nups].k = cast_byte(v->k); - fs->upvalues[f->nups].info = cast_byte(v->u.s.info); - return f->nups++; + checklimit(fs, fs->nups + 1, MAXUPVAL, "upvalues"); + luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->upvalues, fs->nups, f->sizeupvalues, + Upvaldesc, MAXUPVAL, "upvalues"); + while (oldsize < f->sizeupvalues) f->upvalues[oldsize++].name = NULL; + f->upvalues[fs->nups].instack = (v->k == VLOCAL); + f->upvalues[fs->nups].idx = cast_byte(v->u.info); + f->upvalues[fs->nups].name = name; + luaC_objbarrier(fs->ls->L, f, name); + return fs->nups++; } static int searchvar (FuncState *fs, TString *n) { int i; - for (i=fs->nactvar-1; i >= 0; i--) { - if (n == getlocvar(fs, i).varname) + for (i = cast_int(fs->nactvar) - 1; i >= 0; i--) { + if (luaS_eqstr(n, getlocvar(fs, i)->varname)) return i; } return -1; /* not found */ } +/* + Mark block where variable at given level was defined + (to emit close instructions later). +*/ static void markupval (FuncState *fs, int level) { BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl; - while (bl && bl->nactvar > level) bl = bl->previous; - if (bl) bl->upval = 1; + while (bl->nactvar > level) bl = bl->previous; + bl->upval = 1; } +/* + Find variable with given name 'n'. If it is an upvalue, add this + upvalue into all intermediate functions. +*/ static int singlevaraux (FuncState *fs, TString *n, expdesc *var, int base) { - if (fs == NULL) { /* no more levels? */ - init_exp(var, VGLOBAL, NO_REG); /* default is global variable */ - return VGLOBAL; - } + if (fs == NULL) /* no more levels? */ + return VVOID; /* default is global */ else { - int v = searchvar(fs, n); /* look up at current level */ - if (v >= 0) { - init_exp(var, VLOCAL, v); + int v = searchvar(fs, n); /* look up locals at current level */ + if (v >= 0) { /* found? */ + init_exp(var, VLOCAL, v); /* variable is local */ if (!base) markupval(fs, v); /* local will be used as an upval */ return VLOCAL; } - else { /* not found at current level; try upper one */ - if (singlevaraux(fs->prev, n, var, 0) == VGLOBAL) - return VGLOBAL; - var->u.s.info = indexupvalue(fs, n, var); /* else was LOCAL or UPVAL */ - var->k = VUPVAL; /* upvalue in this level */ + else { /* not found as local at current level; try upvalues */ + int idx = searchupvalue(fs, n); /* try existing upvalues */ + if (idx < 0) { /* not found? */ + if (singlevaraux(fs->prev, n, var, 0) == VVOID) /* try upper levels */ + return VVOID; /* not found; is a global */ + /* else was LOCAL or UPVAL */ + idx = newupvalue(fs, n, var); /* will be a new upvalue */ + } + init_exp(var, VUPVAL, idx); return VUPVAL; } } @@ -248,8 +297,13 @@ static int singlevaraux (FuncState *fs, TString *n, expdesc *var, int base) { static void singlevar (LexState *ls, expdesc *var) { TString *varname = str_checkname(ls); FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - if (singlevaraux(fs, varname, var, 1) == VGLOBAL) - var->u.s.info = luaK_stringK(fs, varname); /* info points to global name */ + if (singlevaraux(fs, varname, var, 1) == VVOID) { /* global name? */ + expdesc key; + singlevaraux(fs, ls->envn, var, 1); /* get environment variable */ + lua_assert(var->k == VLOCAL || var->k == VUPVAL); + codestring(ls, &key, varname); /* key is variable name */ + luaK_indexed(fs, var, &key); /* env[varname] */ + } } @@ -274,18 +328,118 @@ static void adjust_assign (LexState *ls, int nvars, int nexps, expdesc *e) { static void enterlevel (LexState *ls) { - if (++ls->L->nCcalls > LUAI_MAXCCALLS) - luaX_lexerror(ls, "chunk has too many syntax levels", 0); + lua_State *L = ls->L; + ++L->nCcalls; + checklimit(ls->fs, L->nCcalls, LUAI_MAXCCALLS, "C levels"); } #define leavelevel(ls) ((ls)->L->nCcalls--) -static void enterblock (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl, lu_byte isbreakable) { - bl->breaklist = NO_JUMP; - bl->isbreakable = isbreakable; +static void closegoto (LexState *ls, int g, Labeldesc *label) { + int i; + FuncState *fs = ls->fs; + Labellist *gl = &ls->dyd->gt; + Labeldesc *gt = &gl->arr[g]; + lua_assert(luaS_eqstr(gt->name, label->name)); + if (gt->nactvar < label->nactvar) { + TString *vname = getlocvar(fs, gt->nactvar)->varname; + const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, + " at line %d jumps into the scope of local " LUA_QS, + getstr(gt->name), gt->line, getstr(vname)); + semerror(ls, msg); + } + luaK_patchlist(fs, gt->pc, label->pc); + /* remove goto from pending list */ + for (i = g; i < gl->n - 1; i++) + gl->arr[i] = gl->arr[i + 1]; + gl->n--; +} + + +/* +** try to close a goto with existing labels; this solves backward jumps +*/ +static int findlabel (LexState *ls, int g) { + int i; + BlockCnt *bl = ls->fs->bl; + Dyndata *dyd = ls->dyd; + Labeldesc *gt = &dyd->gt.arr[g]; + /* check labels in current block for a match */ + for (i = bl->firstlabel; i < dyd->label.n; i++) { + Labeldesc *lb = &dyd->label.arr[i]; + if (luaS_eqstr(lb->name, gt->name)) { /* correct label? */ + if (gt->nactvar > lb->nactvar && + (bl->upval || dyd->label.n > bl->firstlabel)) + luaK_patchclose(ls->fs, gt->pc, lb->nactvar); + closegoto(ls, g, lb); /* close it */ + return 1; + } + } + return 0; /* label not found; cannot close goto */ +} + + +static int newlabelentry (LexState *ls, Labellist *l, TString *name, + int line, int pc) { + int n = l->n; + luaM_growvector(ls->L, l->arr, n, l->size, + Labeldesc, SHRT_MAX, "labels/gotos"); + l->arr[n].name = name; + l->arr[n].line = line; + l->arr[n].nactvar = ls->fs->nactvar; + l->arr[n].pc = pc; + l->n++; + return n; +} + + +/* +** check whether new label 'lb' matches any pending gotos in current +** block; solves forward jumps +*/ +static void findgotos (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *lb) { + Labellist *gl = &ls->dyd->gt; + int i = ls->fs->bl->firstgoto; + while (i < gl->n) { + if (luaS_eqstr(gl->arr[i].name, lb->name)) + closegoto(ls, i, lb); + else + i++; + } +} + + +/* +** "export" pending gotos to outer level, to check them against +** outer labels; if the block being exited has upvalues, and +** the goto exits the scope of any variable (which can be the +** upvalue), close those variables being exited. +*/ +static void movegotosout (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl) { + int i = bl->firstgoto; + Labellist *gl = &fs->ls->dyd->gt; + /* correct pending gotos to current block and try to close it + with visible labels */ + while (i < gl->n) { + Labeldesc *gt = &gl->arr[i]; + if (gt->nactvar > bl->nactvar) { + if (bl->upval) + luaK_patchclose(fs, gt->pc, bl->nactvar); + gt->nactvar = bl->nactvar; + } + if (!findlabel(fs->ls, i)) + i++; /* move to next one */ + } +} + + +static void enterblock (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl, lu_byte isloop) { + bl->isloop = isloop; bl->nactvar = fs->nactvar; + bl->firstlabel = fs->ls->dyd->label.n; + bl->firstgoto = fs->ls->dyd->gt.n; bl->upval = 0; bl->previous = fs->bl; fs->bl = bl; @@ -293,63 +447,108 @@ static void enterblock (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl, lu_byte isbreakable) { } +/* +** create a label named "break" to resolve break statements +*/ +static void breaklabel (LexState *ls) { + TString *n = luaS_new(ls->L, "break"); + int l = newlabelentry(ls, &ls->dyd->label, n, 0, ls->fs->pc); + findgotos(ls, &ls->dyd->label.arr[l]); +} + +/* +** generates an error for an undefined 'goto'; choose appropriate +** message when label name is a reserved word (which can only be 'break') +*/ +static l_noret undefgoto (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *gt) { + const char *msg = isreserved(gt->name) + ? "<%s> at line %d not inside a loop" + : "no visible label " LUA_QS " for at line %d"; + msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, msg, getstr(gt->name), gt->line); + semerror(ls, msg); +} + + static void leaveblock (FuncState *fs) { BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl; + LexState *ls = fs->ls; + if (bl->previous && bl->upval) { + /* create a 'jump to here' to close upvalues */ + int j = luaK_jump(fs); + luaK_patchclose(fs, j, bl->nactvar); + luaK_patchtohere(fs, j); + } + if (bl->isloop) + breaklabel(ls); /* close pending breaks */ fs->bl = bl->previous; - removevars(fs->ls, bl->nactvar); - if (bl->upval) - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, bl->nactvar, 0, 0); - /* a block either controls scope or breaks (never both) */ - lua_assert(!bl->isbreakable || !bl->upval); + removevars(fs, bl->nactvar); lua_assert(bl->nactvar == fs->nactvar); fs->freereg = fs->nactvar; /* free registers */ - luaK_patchtohere(fs, bl->breaklist); + ls->dyd->label.n = bl->firstlabel; /* remove local labels */ + if (bl->previous) /* inner block? */ + movegotosout(fs, bl); /* update pending gotos to outer block */ + else if (bl->firstgoto < ls->dyd->gt.n) /* pending gotos in outer block? */ + undefgoto(ls, &ls->dyd->gt.arr[bl->firstgoto]); /* error */ } -static void pushclosure (LexState *ls, FuncState *func, expdesc *v) { - FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - Proto *f = fs->f; - int oldsize = f->sizep; - int i; - luaM_growvector(ls->L, f->p, fs->np, f->sizep, Proto *, - MAXARG_Bx, "constant table overflow"); - while (oldsize < f->sizep) f->p[oldsize++] = NULL; - f->p[fs->np++] = func->f; - luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, f, func->f); - init_exp(v, VRELOCABLE, luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_CLOSURE, 0, fs->np-1)); - for (i=0; if->nups; i++) { - OpCode o = (func->upvalues[i].k == VLOCAL) ? OP_MOVE : OP_GETUPVAL; - luaK_codeABC(fs, o, 0, func->upvalues[i].info, 0); - } -} - - -static void open_func (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) { +/* +** adds a new prototype into list of prototypes +*/ +static Proto *addprototype (LexState *ls) { + Proto *clp; lua_State *L = ls->L; - Proto *f = luaF_newproto(L); - fs->f = f; + FuncState *fs = ls->fs; + Proto *f = fs->f; /* prototype of current function */ + if (fs->np >= f->sizep) { + int oldsize = f->sizep; + luaM_growvector(L, f->p, fs->np, f->sizep, Proto *, MAXARG_Bx, "functions"); + while (oldsize < f->sizep) f->p[oldsize++] = NULL; + } + f->p[fs->np++] = clp = luaF_newproto(L); + luaC_objbarrier(L, f, clp); + return clp; +} + + +/* +** codes instruction to create new closure in parent function. +** The OP_CLOSURE instruction must use the last available register, +** so that, if it invokes the GC, the GC knows which registers +** are in use at that time. +*/ +static void codeclosure (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { + FuncState *fs = ls->fs->prev; + init_exp(v, VRELOCABLE, luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_CLOSURE, 0, fs->np - 1)); + luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, v); /* fix it at the last register */ +} + + +static void open_func (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl) { + lua_State *L = ls->L; + Proto *f; fs->prev = ls->fs; /* linked list of funcstates */ fs->ls = ls; - fs->L = L; ls->fs = fs; fs->pc = 0; - fs->lasttarget = -1; + fs->lasttarget = 0; fs->jpc = NO_JUMP; fs->freereg = 0; fs->nk = 0; fs->np = 0; + fs->nups = 0; fs->nlocvars = 0; fs->nactvar = 0; + fs->firstlocal = ls->dyd->actvar.n; fs->bl = NULL; + f = fs->f; f->source = ls->source; f->maxstacksize = 2; /* registers 0/1 are always valid */ - fs->h = luaH_new(L, 0, 0); - /* anchor table of constants and prototype (to avoid being collected) */ + fs->h = luaH_new(L); + /* anchor table of constants (to avoid being collected) */ sethvalue2s(L, L->top, fs->h); incr_top(L); - setptvalue2s(L, L->top, f); - incr_top(L); + enterblock(fs, bl, 0); } @@ -357,8 +556,8 @@ static void close_func (LexState *ls) { lua_State *L = ls->L; FuncState *fs = ls->fs; Proto *f = fs->f; - removevars(ls, 0); luaK_ret(fs, 0, 0); /* final return */ + leaveblock(fs); luaM_reallocvector(L, f->code, f->sizecode, fs->pc, Instruction); f->sizecode = fs->pc; luaM_reallocvector(L, f->lineinfo, f->sizelineinfo, fs->pc, int); @@ -369,32 +568,14 @@ static void close_func (LexState *ls) { f->sizep = fs->np; luaM_reallocvector(L, f->locvars, f->sizelocvars, fs->nlocvars, LocVar); f->sizelocvars = fs->nlocvars; - luaM_reallocvector(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues, f->nups, TString *); - f->sizeupvalues = f->nups; - lua_assert(luaG_checkcode(f)); + luaM_reallocvector(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues, fs->nups, Upvaldesc); + f->sizeupvalues = fs->nups; lua_assert(fs->bl == NULL); ls->fs = fs->prev; - /* last token read was anchored in defunct function; must reanchor it */ - if (fs) anchor_token(ls); - L->top -= 2; /* remove table and prototype from the stack */ -} - - -Proto *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff, const char *name) { - struct LexState lexstate; - struct FuncState funcstate; - lexstate.buff = buff; - luaX_setinput(L, &lexstate, z, luaS_new(L, name)); - open_func(&lexstate, &funcstate); - funcstate.f->is_vararg = VARARG_ISVARARG; /* main func. is always vararg */ - luaX_next(&lexstate); /* read first token */ - chunk(&lexstate); - check(&lexstate, TK_EOS); - close_func(&lexstate); - lua_assert(funcstate.prev == NULL); - lua_assert(funcstate.f->nups == 0); - lua_assert(lexstate.fs == NULL); - return funcstate.f; + /* last token read was anchored in defunct function; must re-anchor it */ + anchor_token(ls); + L->top--; /* pop table of constants */ + luaC_checkGC(L); } @@ -404,11 +585,39 @@ Proto *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff, const char *name) { /*============================================================*/ -static void field (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { - /* field -> ['.' | ':'] NAME */ +/* +** check whether current token is in the follow set of a block. +** 'until' closes syntactical blocks, but do not close scope, +** so it handled in separate. +*/ +static int block_follow (LexState *ls, int withuntil) { + switch (ls->t.token) { + case TK_ELSE: case TK_ELSEIF: + case TK_END: case TK_EOS: + return 1; + case TK_UNTIL: return withuntil; + default: return 0; + } +} + + +static void statlist (LexState *ls) { + /* statlist -> { stat [`;'] } */ + while (!block_follow(ls, 1)) { + if (ls->t.token == TK_RETURN) { + statement(ls); + return; /* 'return' must be last statement */ + } + statement(ls); + } +} + + +static void fieldsel (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { + /* fieldsel -> ['.' | ':'] NAME */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; expdesc key; - luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, v); + luaK_exp2anyregup(fs, v); luaX_next(ls); /* skip the dot or colon */ checkname(ls, &key); luaK_indexed(fs, v, &key); @@ -447,7 +656,7 @@ static void recfield (LexState *ls, struct ConsControl *cc) { expdesc key, val; int rkkey; if (ls->t.token == TK_NAME) { - luaY_checklimit(fs, cc->nh, MAX_INT, "items in a constructor"); + checklimit(fs, cc->nh, MAX_INT, "items in a constructor"); checkname(ls, &key); } else /* ls->t.token == '[' */ @@ -456,7 +665,7 @@ static void recfield (LexState *ls, struct ConsControl *cc) { checknext(ls, '='); rkkey = luaK_exp2RK(fs, &key); expr(ls, &val); - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETTABLE, cc->t->u.s.info, rkkey, luaK_exp2RK(fs, &val)); + luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETTABLE, cc->t->u.info, rkkey, luaK_exp2RK(fs, &val)); fs->freereg = reg; /* free registers */ } @@ -466,7 +675,7 @@ static void closelistfield (FuncState *fs, struct ConsControl *cc) { luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &cc->v); cc->v.k = VVOID; if (cc->tostore == LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH) { - luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.s.info, cc->na, cc->tostore); /* flush */ + luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.info, cc->na, cc->tostore); /* flush */ cc->tostore = 0; /* no more items pending */ } } @@ -476,27 +685,51 @@ static void lastlistfield (FuncState *fs, struct ConsControl *cc) { if (cc->tostore == 0) return; if (hasmultret(cc->v.k)) { luaK_setmultret(fs, &cc->v); - luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.s.info, cc->na, LUA_MULTRET); + luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.info, cc->na, LUA_MULTRET); cc->na--; /* do not count last expression (unknown number of elements) */ } else { if (cc->v.k != VVOID) luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &cc->v); - luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.s.info, cc->na, cc->tostore); + luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.info, cc->na, cc->tostore); } } static void listfield (LexState *ls, struct ConsControl *cc) { + /* listfield -> exp */ expr(ls, &cc->v); - luaY_checklimit(ls->fs, cc->na, MAX_INT, "items in a constructor"); + checklimit(ls->fs, cc->na, MAX_INT, "items in a constructor"); cc->na++; cc->tostore++; } +static void field (LexState *ls, struct ConsControl *cc) { + /* field -> listfield | recfield */ + switch(ls->t.token) { + case TK_NAME: { /* may be 'listfield' or 'recfield' */ + if (luaX_lookahead(ls) != '=') /* expression? */ + listfield(ls, cc); + else + recfield(ls, cc); + break; + } + case '[': { + recfield(ls, cc); + break; + } + default: { + listfield(ls, cc); + break; + } + } +} + + static void constructor (LexState *ls, expdesc *t) { - /* constructor -> ?? */ + /* constructor -> '{' [ field { sep field } [sep] ] '}' + sep -> ',' | ';' */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; int line = ls->linenumber; int pc = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_NEWTABLE, 0, 0, 0); @@ -505,30 +738,13 @@ static void constructor (LexState *ls, expdesc *t) { cc.t = t; init_exp(t, VRELOCABLE, pc); init_exp(&cc.v, VVOID, 0); /* no value (yet) */ - luaK_exp2nextreg(ls->fs, t); /* fix it at stack top (for gc) */ + luaK_exp2nextreg(ls->fs, t); /* fix it at stack top */ checknext(ls, '{'); do { lua_assert(cc.v.k == VVOID || cc.tostore > 0); if (ls->t.token == '}') break; closelistfield(fs, &cc); - switch(ls->t.token) { - case TK_NAME: { /* may be listfields or recfields */ - luaX_lookahead(ls); - if (ls->lookahead.token != '=') /* expression? */ - listfield(ls, &cc); - else - recfield(ls, &cc); - break; - } - case '[': { /* constructor_item -> recfield */ - recfield(ls, &cc); - break; - } - default: { /* constructor_part -> listfield */ - listfield(ls, &cc); - break; - } - } + field(ls, &cc); } while (testnext(ls, ',') || testnext(ls, ';')); check_match(ls, '}', '{', line); lastlistfield(fs, &cc); @@ -550,17 +766,13 @@ static void parlist (LexState *ls) { do { switch (ls->t.token) { case TK_NAME: { /* param -> NAME */ - new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls), nparams++); + new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls)); + nparams++; break; } case TK_DOTS: { /* param -> `...' */ luaX_next(ls); -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_VARARG) - /* use `arg' as default name */ - new_localvarliteral(ls, "arg", nparams++); - f->is_vararg = VARARG_HASARG | VARARG_NEEDSARG; -#endif - f->is_vararg |= VARARG_ISVARARG; + f->is_vararg = 1; break; } default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, " or " LUA_QL("...") " expected"); @@ -568,33 +780,35 @@ static void parlist (LexState *ls) { } while (!f->is_vararg && testnext(ls, ',')); } adjustlocalvars(ls, nparams); - f->numparams = cast_byte(fs->nactvar - (f->is_vararg & VARARG_HASARG)); + f->numparams = cast_byte(fs->nactvar); luaK_reserveregs(fs, fs->nactvar); /* reserve register for parameters */ } -static void body (LexState *ls, expdesc *e, int needself, int line) { - /* body -> `(' parlist `)' chunk END */ +static void body (LexState *ls, expdesc *e, int ismethod, int line) { + /* body -> `(' parlist `)' block END */ FuncState new_fs; - open_func(ls, &new_fs); + BlockCnt bl; + new_fs.f = addprototype(ls); new_fs.f->linedefined = line; + open_func(ls, &new_fs, &bl); checknext(ls, '('); - if (needself) { - new_localvarliteral(ls, "self", 0); + if (ismethod) { + new_localvarliteral(ls, "self"); /* create 'self' parameter */ adjustlocalvars(ls, 1); } parlist(ls); checknext(ls, ')'); - chunk(ls); + statlist(ls); new_fs.f->lastlinedefined = ls->linenumber; check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_FUNCTION, line); + codeclosure(ls, e); close_func(ls); - pushclosure(ls, &new_fs, e); } -static int explist1 (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { - /* explist1 -> expr { `,' expr } */ +static int explist (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { + /* explist -> expr { `,' expr } */ int n = 1; /* at least one expression */ expr(ls, v); while (testnext(ls, ',')) { @@ -606,20 +820,17 @@ static int explist1 (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { } -static void funcargs (LexState *ls, expdesc *f) { +static void funcargs (LexState *ls, expdesc *f, int line) { FuncState *fs = ls->fs; expdesc args; int base, nparams; - int line = ls->linenumber; switch (ls->t.token) { - case '(': { /* funcargs -> `(' [ explist1 ] `)' */ - if (line != ls->lastline) - luaX_syntaxerror(ls,"ambiguous syntax (function call x new statement)"); + case '(': { /* funcargs -> `(' [ explist ] `)' */ luaX_next(ls); if (ls->t.token == ')') /* arg list is empty? */ args.k = VVOID; else { - explist1(ls, &args); + explist(ls, &args); luaK_setmultret(fs, &args); } check_match(ls, ')', '(', line); @@ -636,11 +847,10 @@ static void funcargs (LexState *ls, expdesc *f) { } default: { luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "function arguments expected"); - return; } } lua_assert(f->k == VNONRELOC); - base = f->u.s.info; /* base register for call */ + base = f->u.info; /* base register for call */ if (hasmultret(args.k)) nparams = LUA_MULTRET; /* open call */ else { @@ -664,8 +874,8 @@ static void funcargs (LexState *ls, expdesc *f) { */ -static void prefixexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { - /* prefixexp -> NAME | '(' expr ')' */ +static void primaryexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { + /* primaryexp -> NAME | '(' expr ')' */ switch (ls->t.token) { case '(': { int line = ls->linenumber; @@ -681,26 +891,26 @@ static void prefixexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { } default: { luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "unexpected symbol"); - return; } } } -static void primaryexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { - /* primaryexp -> - prefixexp { `.' NAME | `[' exp `]' | `:' NAME funcargs | funcargs } */ +static void suffixedexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { + /* suffixedexp -> + primaryexp { '.' NAME | '[' exp ']' | ':' NAME funcargs | funcargs } */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - prefixexp(ls, v); + int line = ls->linenumber; + primaryexp(ls, v); for (;;) { switch (ls->t.token) { - case '.': { /* field */ - field(ls, v); + case '.': { /* fieldsel */ + fieldsel(ls, v); break; } case '[': { /* `[' exp1 `]' */ expdesc key; - luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, v); + luaK_exp2anyregup(fs, v); yindex(ls, &key); luaK_indexed(fs, v, &key); break; @@ -710,12 +920,12 @@ static void primaryexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { luaX_next(ls); checkname(ls, &key); luaK_self(fs, v, &key); - funcargs(ls, v); + funcargs(ls, v, line); break; } case '(': case TK_STRING: case '{': { /* funcargs */ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, v); - funcargs(ls, v); + funcargs(ls, v, line); break; } default: return; @@ -725,8 +935,8 @@ static void primaryexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { static void simpleexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { - /* simpleexp -> NUMBER | STRING | NIL | true | false | ... | - constructor | FUNCTION body | primaryexp */ + /* simpleexp -> NUMBER | STRING | NIL | TRUE | FALSE | ... | + constructor | FUNCTION body | suffixedexp */ switch (ls->t.token) { case TK_NUMBER: { init_exp(v, VKNUM, 0); @@ -753,7 +963,6 @@ static void simpleexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { FuncState *fs = ls->fs; check_condition(ls, fs->f->is_vararg, "cannot use " LUA_QL("...") " outside a vararg function"); - fs->f->is_vararg &= ~VARARG_NEEDSARG; /* don't need 'arg' */ init_exp(v, VVARARG, luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_VARARG, 0, 1, 0)); break; } @@ -767,7 +976,7 @@ static void simpleexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { return; } default: { - primaryexp(ls, v); + suffixedexp(ls, v); return; } } @@ -811,11 +1020,11 @@ static const struct { lu_byte left; /* left priority for each binary operator */ lu_byte right; /* right priority */ } priority[] = { /* ORDER OPR */ - {6, 6}, {6, 6}, {7, 7}, {7, 7}, {7, 7}, /* `+' `-' `/' `%' */ - {10, 9}, {5, 4}, /* power and concat (right associative) */ - {3, 3}, {3, 3}, /* equality and inequality */ - {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3}, /* order */ - {2, 2}, {1, 1} /* logical (and/or) */ + {6, 6}, {6, 6}, {7, 7}, {7, 7}, {7, 7}, /* `+' `-' `*' `/' `%' */ + {10, 9}, {5, 4}, /* ^, .. (right associative) */ + {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3}, /* ==, <, <= */ + {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3}, /* ~=, >, >= */ + {2, 2}, {1, 1} /* and, or */ }; #define UNARY_PRIORITY 8 /* priority for unary operators */ @@ -825,15 +1034,16 @@ static const struct { ** subexpr -> (simpleexp | unop subexpr) { binop subexpr } ** where `binop' is any binary operator with a priority higher than `limit' */ -static BinOpr subexpr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v, unsigned int limit) { +static BinOpr subexpr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v, int limit) { BinOpr op; UnOpr uop; enterlevel(ls); uop = getunopr(ls->t.token); if (uop != OPR_NOUNOPR) { + int line = ls->linenumber; luaX_next(ls); subexpr(ls, v, UNARY_PRIORITY); - luaK_prefix(ls->fs, uop, v); + luaK_prefix(ls->fs, uop, v, line); } else simpleexp(ls, v); /* expand while operators have priorities higher than `limit' */ @@ -841,11 +1051,12 @@ static BinOpr subexpr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v, unsigned int limit) { while (op != OPR_NOBINOPR && priority[op].left > limit) { expdesc v2; BinOpr nextop; + int line = ls->linenumber; luaX_next(ls); luaK_infix(ls->fs, op, v); /* read sub-expression with higher priority */ nextop = subexpr(ls, &v2, priority[op].right); - luaK_posfix(ls->fs, op, v, &v2); + luaK_posfix(ls->fs, op, v, &v2, line); op = nextop; } leavelevel(ls); @@ -868,23 +1079,12 @@ static void expr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { */ -static int block_follow (int token) { - switch (token) { - case TK_ELSE: case TK_ELSEIF: case TK_END: - case TK_UNTIL: case TK_EOS: - return 1; - default: return 0; - } -} - - static void block (LexState *ls) { - /* block -> chunk */ + /* block -> statlist */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; BlockCnt bl; enterblock(fs, &bl, 0); - chunk(ls); - lua_assert(bl.breaklist == NO_JUMP); + statlist(ls); leaveblock(fs); } @@ -900,29 +1100,34 @@ struct LHS_assign { /* -** check whether, in an assignment to a local variable, the local variable -** is needed in a previous assignment (to a table). If so, save original -** local value in a safe place and use this safe copy in the previous -** assignment. +** check whether, in an assignment to an upvalue/local variable, the +** upvalue/local variable is begin used in a previous assignment to a +** table. If so, save original upvalue/local value in a safe place and +** use this safe copy in the previous assignment. */ static void check_conflict (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, expdesc *v) { FuncState *fs = ls->fs; int extra = fs->freereg; /* eventual position to save local variable */ int conflict = 0; - for (; lh; lh = lh->prev) { - if (lh->v.k == VINDEXED) { - if (lh->v.u.s.info == v->u.s.info) { /* conflict? */ + for (; lh; lh = lh->prev) { /* check all previous assignments */ + if (lh->v.k == VINDEXED) { /* assigning to a table? */ + /* table is the upvalue/local being assigned now? */ + if (lh->v.u.ind.vt == v->k && lh->v.u.ind.t == v->u.info) { conflict = 1; - lh->v.u.s.info = extra; /* previous assignment will use safe copy */ + lh->v.u.ind.vt = VLOCAL; + lh->v.u.ind.t = extra; /* previous assignment will use safe copy */ } - if (lh->v.u.s.aux == v->u.s.info) { /* conflict? */ + /* index is the local being assigned? (index cannot be upvalue) */ + if (v->k == VLOCAL && lh->v.u.ind.idx == v->u.info) { conflict = 1; - lh->v.u.s.aux = extra; /* previous assignment will use safe copy */ + lh->v.u.ind.idx = extra; /* previous assignment will use safe copy */ } } } if (conflict) { - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_MOVE, fs->freereg, v->u.s.info, 0); /* make copy */ + /* copy upvalue/local value to a temporary (in position 'extra') */ + OpCode op = (v->k == VLOCAL) ? OP_MOVE : OP_GETUPVAL; + luaK_codeABC(fs, op, extra, v->u.info, 0); luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1); } } @@ -930,22 +1135,21 @@ static void check_conflict (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, expdesc *v) { static void assignment (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, int nvars) { expdesc e; - check_condition(ls, VLOCAL <= lh->v.k && lh->v.k <= VINDEXED, - "syntax error"); - if (testnext(ls, ',')) { /* assignment -> `,' primaryexp assignment */ + check_condition(ls, vkisvar(lh->v.k), "syntax error"); + if (testnext(ls, ',')) { /* assignment -> ',' suffixedexp assignment */ struct LHS_assign nv; nv.prev = lh; - primaryexp(ls, &nv.v); - if (nv.v.k == VLOCAL) + suffixedexp(ls, &nv.v); + if (nv.v.k != VINDEXED) check_conflict(ls, lh, &nv.v); - luaY_checklimit(ls->fs, nvars, LUAI_MAXCCALLS - ls->L->nCcalls, - "variables in assignment"); + checklimit(ls->fs, nvars + ls->L->nCcalls, LUAI_MAXCCALLS, + "C levels"); assignment(ls, &nv, nvars+1); } - else { /* assignment -> `=' explist1 */ + else { /* assignment -> `=' explist */ int nexps; checknext(ls, '='); - nexps = explist1(ls, &e); + nexps = explist(ls, &e); if (nexps != nvars) { adjust_assign(ls, nvars, nexps, &e); if (nexps > nvars) @@ -972,19 +1176,57 @@ static int cond (LexState *ls) { } -static void breakstat (LexState *ls) { - FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl; - int upval = 0; - while (bl && !bl->isbreakable) { - upval |= bl->upval; - bl = bl->previous; +static void gotostat (LexState *ls, int pc) { + int line = ls->linenumber; + TString *label; + int g; + if (testnext(ls, TK_GOTO)) + label = str_checkname(ls); + else { + luaX_next(ls); /* skip break */ + label = luaS_new(ls->L, "break"); } - if (!bl) - luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "no loop to break"); - if (upval) - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, bl->nactvar, 0, 0); - luaK_concat(fs, &bl->breaklist, luaK_jump(fs)); + g = newlabelentry(ls, &ls->dyd->gt, label, line, pc); + findlabel(ls, g); /* close it if label already defined */ +} + + +/* check for repeated labels on the same block */ +static void checkrepeated (FuncState *fs, Labellist *ll, TString *label) { + int i; + for (i = fs->bl->firstlabel; i < ll->n; i++) { + if (luaS_eqstr(label, ll->arr[i].name)) { + const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(fs->ls->L, + "label " LUA_QS " already defined on line %d", + getstr(label), ll->arr[i].line); + semerror(fs->ls, msg); + } + } +} + + +/* skip no-op statements */ +static void skipnoopstat (LexState *ls) { + while (ls->t.token == ';' || ls->t.token == TK_DBCOLON) + statement(ls); +} + + +static void labelstat (LexState *ls, TString *label, int line) { + /* label -> '::' NAME '::' */ + FuncState *fs = ls->fs; + Labellist *ll = &ls->dyd->label; + int l; /* index of new label being created */ + checkrepeated(fs, ll, label); /* check for repeated labels */ + checknext(ls, TK_DBCOLON); /* skip double colon */ + /* create new entry for this label */ + l = newlabelentry(ls, ll, label, line, fs->pc); + skipnoopstat(ls); /* skip other no-op statements */ + if (block_follow(ls, 0)) { /* label is last no-op statement in the block? */ + /* assume that locals are already out of scope */ + ll->arr[l].nactvar = fs->bl->nactvar; + } + findgotos(ls, &ll->arr[l]); } @@ -1000,7 +1242,7 @@ static void whilestat (LexState *ls, int line) { enterblock(fs, &bl, 1); checknext(ls, TK_DO); block(ls); - luaK_patchlist(fs, luaK_jump(fs), whileinit); + luaK_jumpto(fs, whileinit); check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_WHILE, line); leaveblock(fs); luaK_patchtohere(fs, condexit); /* false conditions finish the loop */ @@ -1016,30 +1258,25 @@ static void repeatstat (LexState *ls, int line) { enterblock(fs, &bl1, 1); /* loop block */ enterblock(fs, &bl2, 0); /* scope block */ luaX_next(ls); /* skip REPEAT */ - chunk(ls); + statlist(ls); check_match(ls, TK_UNTIL, TK_REPEAT, line); condexit = cond(ls); /* read condition (inside scope block) */ - if (!bl2.upval) { /* no upvalues? */ - leaveblock(fs); /* finish scope */ - luaK_patchlist(ls->fs, condexit, repeat_init); /* close the loop */ - } - else { /* complete semantics when there are upvalues */ - breakstat(ls); /* if condition then break */ - luaK_patchtohere(ls->fs, condexit); /* else... */ - leaveblock(fs); /* finish scope... */ - luaK_patchlist(ls->fs, luaK_jump(fs), repeat_init); /* and repeat */ - } + if (bl2.upval) /* upvalues? */ + luaK_patchclose(fs, condexit, bl2.nactvar); + leaveblock(fs); /* finish scope */ + luaK_patchlist(fs, condexit, repeat_init); /* close the loop */ leaveblock(fs); /* finish loop */ } static int exp1 (LexState *ls) { expdesc e; - int k; + int reg; expr(ls, &e); - k = e.k; luaK_exp2nextreg(ls->fs, &e); - return k; + lua_assert(e.k == VNONRELOC); + reg = e.u.info; + return reg; } @@ -1057,10 +1294,15 @@ static void forbody (LexState *ls, int base, int line, int nvars, int isnum) { block(ls); leaveblock(fs); /* end of scope for declared variables */ luaK_patchtohere(fs, prep); - endfor = (isnum) ? luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_FORLOOP, base, NO_JUMP) : - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_TFORLOOP, base, 0, nvars); - luaK_fixline(fs, line); /* pretend that `OP_FOR' starts the loop */ - luaK_patchlist(fs, (isnum ? endfor : luaK_jump(fs)), prep + 1); + if (isnum) /* numeric for? */ + endfor = luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_FORLOOP, base, NO_JUMP); + else { /* generic for */ + luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_TFORCALL, base, 0, nvars); + luaK_fixline(fs, line); + endfor = luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_TFORLOOP, base + 2, NO_JUMP); + } + luaK_patchlist(fs, endfor, prep + 1); + luaK_fixline(fs, line); } @@ -1068,10 +1310,10 @@ static void fornum (LexState *ls, TString *varname, int line) { /* fornum -> NAME = exp1,exp1[,exp1] forbody */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; int base = fs->freereg; - new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for index)", 0); - new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for limit)", 1); - new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for step)", 2); - new_localvar(ls, varname, 3); + new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for index)"); + new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for limit)"); + new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for step)"); + new_localvar(ls, varname); checknext(ls, '='); exp1(ls); /* initial value */ checknext(ls, ','); @@ -1079,7 +1321,7 @@ static void fornum (LexState *ls, TString *varname, int line) { if (testnext(ls, ',')) exp1(ls); /* optional step */ else { /* default step = 1 */ - luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_LOADK, fs->freereg, luaK_numberK(fs, 1)); + luaK_codek(fs, fs->freereg, luaK_numberK(fs, 1)); luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1); } forbody(ls, base, line, 1, 1); @@ -1087,23 +1329,25 @@ static void fornum (LexState *ls, TString *varname, int line) { static void forlist (LexState *ls, TString *indexname) { - /* forlist -> NAME {,NAME} IN explist1 forbody */ + /* forlist -> NAME {,NAME} IN explist forbody */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; expdesc e; - int nvars = 0; + int nvars = 4; /* gen, state, control, plus at least one declared var */ int line; int base = fs->freereg; /* create control variables */ - new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for generator)", nvars++); - new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)", nvars++); - new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for control)", nvars++); + new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for generator)"); + new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)"); + new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for control)"); /* create declared variables */ - new_localvar(ls, indexname, nvars++); - while (testnext(ls, ',')) - new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls), nvars++); + new_localvar(ls, indexname); + while (testnext(ls, ',')) { + new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls)); + nvars++; + } checknext(ls, TK_IN); line = ls->linenumber; - adjust_assign(ls, 3, explist1(ls, &e), &e); + adjust_assign(ls, 3, explist(ls, &e), &e); luaK_checkstack(fs, 3); /* extra space to call generator */ forbody(ls, base, line, nvars - 3, 0); } @@ -1127,65 +1371,77 @@ static void forstat (LexState *ls, int line) { } -static int test_then_block (LexState *ls) { +static void test_then_block (LexState *ls, int *escapelist) { /* test_then_block -> [IF | ELSEIF] cond THEN block */ - int condexit; + BlockCnt bl; + FuncState *fs = ls->fs; + expdesc v; + int jf; /* instruction to skip 'then' code (if condition is false) */ luaX_next(ls); /* skip IF or ELSEIF */ - condexit = cond(ls); + expr(ls, &v); /* read condition */ checknext(ls, TK_THEN); - block(ls); /* `then' part */ - return condexit; + if (ls->t.token == TK_GOTO || ls->t.token == TK_BREAK) { + luaK_goiffalse(ls->fs, &v); /* will jump to label if condition is true */ + enterblock(fs, &bl, 0); /* must enter block before 'goto' */ + gotostat(ls, v.t); /* handle goto/break */ + skipnoopstat(ls); /* skip other no-op statements */ + if (block_follow(ls, 0)) { /* 'goto' is the entire block? */ + leaveblock(fs); + return; /* and that is it */ + } + else /* must skip over 'then' part if condition is false */ + jf = luaK_jump(fs); + } + else { /* regular case (not goto/break) */ + luaK_goiftrue(ls->fs, &v); /* skip over block if condition is false */ + enterblock(fs, &bl, 0); + jf = v.f; + } + statlist(ls); /* `then' part */ + leaveblock(fs); + if (ls->t.token == TK_ELSE || + ls->t.token == TK_ELSEIF) /* followed by 'else'/'elseif'? */ + luaK_concat(fs, escapelist, luaK_jump(fs)); /* must jump over it */ + luaK_patchtohere(fs, jf); } static void ifstat (LexState *ls, int line) { /* ifstat -> IF cond THEN block {ELSEIF cond THEN block} [ELSE block] END */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - int flist; - int escapelist = NO_JUMP; - flist = test_then_block(ls); /* IF cond THEN block */ - while (ls->t.token == TK_ELSEIF) { - luaK_concat(fs, &escapelist, luaK_jump(fs)); - luaK_patchtohere(fs, flist); - flist = test_then_block(ls); /* ELSEIF cond THEN block */ - } - if (ls->t.token == TK_ELSE) { - luaK_concat(fs, &escapelist, luaK_jump(fs)); - luaK_patchtohere(fs, flist); - luaX_next(ls); /* skip ELSE (after patch, for correct line info) */ + int escapelist = NO_JUMP; /* exit list for finished parts */ + test_then_block(ls, &escapelist); /* IF cond THEN block */ + while (ls->t.token == TK_ELSEIF) + test_then_block(ls, &escapelist); /* ELSEIF cond THEN block */ + if (testnext(ls, TK_ELSE)) block(ls); /* `else' part */ - } - else - luaK_concat(fs, &escapelist, flist); - luaK_patchtohere(fs, escapelist); check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_IF, line); + luaK_patchtohere(fs, escapelist); /* patch escape list to 'if' end */ } static void localfunc (LexState *ls) { - expdesc v, b; + expdesc b; FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls), 0); - init_exp(&v, VLOCAL, fs->freereg); - luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1); - adjustlocalvars(ls, 1); - body(ls, &b, 0, ls->linenumber); - luaK_storevar(fs, &v, &b); + new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls)); /* new local variable */ + adjustlocalvars(ls, 1); /* enter its scope */ + body(ls, &b, 0, ls->linenumber); /* function created in next register */ /* debug information will only see the variable after this point! */ - getlocvar(fs, fs->nactvar - 1).startpc = fs->pc; + getlocvar(fs, b.u.info)->startpc = fs->pc; } static void localstat (LexState *ls) { - /* stat -> LOCAL NAME {`,' NAME} [`=' explist1] */ + /* stat -> LOCAL NAME {`,' NAME} [`=' explist] */ int nvars = 0; int nexps; expdesc e; do { - new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls), nvars++); + new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls)); + nvars++; } while (testnext(ls, ',')); if (testnext(ls, '=')) - nexps = explist1(ls, &e); + nexps = explist(ls, &e); else { e.k = VVOID; nexps = 0; @@ -1196,26 +1452,26 @@ static void localstat (LexState *ls) { static int funcname (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) { - /* funcname -> NAME {field} [`:' NAME] */ - int needself = 0; + /* funcname -> NAME {fieldsel} [`:' NAME] */ + int ismethod = 0; singlevar(ls, v); while (ls->t.token == '.') - field(ls, v); + fieldsel(ls, v); if (ls->t.token == ':') { - needself = 1; - field(ls, v); + ismethod = 1; + fieldsel(ls, v); } - return needself; + return ismethod; } static void funcstat (LexState *ls, int line) { /* funcstat -> FUNCTION funcname body */ - int needself; + int ismethod; expdesc v, b; luaX_next(ls); /* skip FUNCTION */ - needself = funcname(ls, &v); - body(ls, &b, needself, line); + ismethod = funcname(ls, &v); + body(ls, &b, ismethod, line); luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &v, &b); luaK_fixline(ls->fs, line); /* definition `happens' in the first line */ } @@ -1225,26 +1481,27 @@ static void exprstat (LexState *ls) { /* stat -> func | assignment */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; struct LHS_assign v; - primaryexp(ls, &v.v); - if (v.v.k == VCALL) /* stat -> func */ - SETARG_C(getcode(fs, &v.v), 1); /* call statement uses no results */ - else { /* stat -> assignment */ + suffixedexp(ls, &v.v); + if (ls->t.token == '=' || ls->t.token == ',') { /* stat -> assignment ? */ v.prev = NULL; assignment(ls, &v, 1); } + else { /* stat -> func */ + check_condition(ls, v.v.k == VCALL, "syntax error"); + SETARG_C(getcode(fs, &v.v), 1); /* call statement uses no results */ + } } static void retstat (LexState *ls) { - /* stat -> RETURN explist */ + /* stat -> RETURN [explist] [';'] */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; expdesc e; int first, nret; /* registers with returned values */ - luaX_next(ls); /* skip RETURN */ - if (block_follow(ls->t.token) || ls->t.token == ';') + if (block_follow(ls, 1) || ls->t.token == ';') first = nret = 0; /* return no values */ else { - nret = explist1(ls, &e); /* optional return values */ + nret = explist(ls, &e); /* optional return values */ if (hasmultret(e.k)) { luaK_setmultret(fs, &e); if (e.k == VCALL && nret == 1) { /* tail call? */ @@ -1265,37 +1522,43 @@ static void retstat (LexState *ls) { } } luaK_ret(fs, first, nret); + testnext(ls, ';'); /* skip optional semicolon */ } -static int statement (LexState *ls) { +static void statement (LexState *ls) { int line = ls->linenumber; /* may be needed for error messages */ + enterlevel(ls); switch (ls->t.token) { + case ';': { /* stat -> ';' (empty statement) */ + luaX_next(ls); /* skip ';' */ + break; + } case TK_IF: { /* stat -> ifstat */ ifstat(ls, line); - return 0; + break; } case TK_WHILE: { /* stat -> whilestat */ whilestat(ls, line); - return 0; + break; } case TK_DO: { /* stat -> DO block END */ luaX_next(ls); /* skip DO */ block(ls); check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_DO, line); - return 0; + break; } case TK_FOR: { /* stat -> forstat */ forstat(ls, line); - return 0; + break; } case TK_REPEAT: { /* stat -> repeatstat */ repeatstat(ls, line); - return 0; + break; } - case TK_FUNCTION: { - funcstat(ls, line); /* stat -> funcstat */ - return 0; + case TK_FUNCTION: { /* stat -> funcstat */ + funcstat(ls, line); + break; } case TK_LOCAL: { /* stat -> localstat */ luaX_next(ls); /* skip LOCAL */ @@ -1303,37 +1566,73 @@ static int statement (LexState *ls) { localfunc(ls); else localstat(ls); - return 0; + break; + } + case TK_DBCOLON: { /* stat -> label */ + luaX_next(ls); /* skip double colon */ + labelstat(ls, str_checkname(ls), line); + break; } case TK_RETURN: { /* stat -> retstat */ + luaX_next(ls); /* skip RETURN */ retstat(ls); - return 1; /* must be last statement */ + break; } - case TK_BREAK: { /* stat -> breakstat */ - luaX_next(ls); /* skip BREAK */ - breakstat(ls); - return 1; /* must be last statement */ + case TK_BREAK: /* stat -> breakstat */ + case TK_GOTO: { /* stat -> 'goto' NAME */ + gotostat(ls, luaK_jump(ls->fs)); + break; } - default: { + default: { /* stat -> func | assignment */ exprstat(ls); - return 0; /* to avoid warnings */ + break; } } -} - - -static void chunk (LexState *ls) { - /* chunk -> { stat [`;'] } */ - int islast = 0; - enterlevel(ls); - while (!islast && !block_follow(ls->t.token)) { - islast = statement(ls); - testnext(ls, ';'); - lua_assert(ls->fs->f->maxstacksize >= ls->fs->freereg && - ls->fs->freereg >= ls->fs->nactvar); - ls->fs->freereg = ls->fs->nactvar; /* free registers */ - } + lua_assert(ls->fs->f->maxstacksize >= ls->fs->freereg && + ls->fs->freereg >= ls->fs->nactvar); + ls->fs->freereg = ls->fs->nactvar; /* free registers */ leavelevel(ls); } /* }====================================================================== */ + + +/* +** compiles the main function, which is a regular vararg function with an +** upvalue named LUA_ENV +*/ +static void mainfunc (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) { + BlockCnt bl; + expdesc v; + open_func(ls, fs, &bl); + fs->f->is_vararg = 1; /* main function is always vararg */ + init_exp(&v, VLOCAL, 0); /* create and... */ + newupvalue(fs, ls->envn, &v); /* ...set environment upvalue */ + luaX_next(ls); /* read first token */ + statlist(ls); /* parse main body */ + check(ls, TK_EOS); + close_func(ls); +} + + +Closure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff, + Dyndata *dyd, const char *name, int firstchar) { + LexState lexstate; + FuncState funcstate; + Closure *cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, 1); /* create main closure */ + /* anchor closure (to avoid being collected) */ + setclLvalue(L, L->top, cl); + incr_top(L); + funcstate.f = cl->l.p = luaF_newproto(L); + funcstate.f->source = luaS_new(L, name); /* create and anchor TString */ + lexstate.buff = buff; + lexstate.dyd = dyd; + dyd->actvar.n = dyd->gt.n = dyd->label.n = 0; + luaX_setinput(L, &lexstate, z, funcstate.f->source, firstchar); + mainfunc(&lexstate, &funcstate); + lua_assert(!funcstate.prev && funcstate.nups == 1 && !lexstate.fs); + /* all scopes should be correctly finished */ + lua_assert(dyd->actvar.n == 0 && dyd->gt.n == 0 && dyd->label.n == 0); + return cl; /* it's on the stack too */ +} + diff --git a/lua/src/lparser.h b/lua/src/lparser.h index 18836afd..0346e3c4 100644 --- a/lua/src/lparser.h +++ b/lua/src/lparser.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lparser.h,v 1.57.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lparser.h,v 1.70.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Lua Parser ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -23,34 +23,72 @@ typedef enum { VFALSE, VK, /* info = index of constant in `k' */ VKNUM, /* nval = numerical value */ + VNONRELOC, /* info = result register */ VLOCAL, /* info = local register */ - VUPVAL, /* info = index of upvalue in `upvalues' */ - VGLOBAL, /* info = index of table; aux = index of global name in `k' */ - VINDEXED, /* info = table register; aux = index register (or `k') */ + VUPVAL, /* info = index of upvalue in 'upvalues' */ + VINDEXED, /* t = table register/upvalue; idx = index R/K */ VJMP, /* info = instruction pc */ VRELOCABLE, /* info = instruction pc */ - VNONRELOC, /* info = result register */ VCALL, /* info = instruction pc */ VVARARG /* info = instruction pc */ } expkind; + +#define vkisvar(k) (VLOCAL <= (k) && (k) <= VINDEXED) +#define vkisinreg(k) ((k) == VNONRELOC || (k) == VLOCAL) + typedef struct expdesc { expkind k; union { - struct { int info, aux; } s; - lua_Number nval; + struct { /* for indexed variables (VINDEXED) */ + short idx; /* index (R/K) */ + lu_byte t; /* table (register or upvalue) */ + lu_byte vt; /* whether 't' is register (VLOCAL) or upvalue (VUPVAL) */ + } ind; + int info; /* for generic use */ + lua_Number nval; /* for VKNUM */ } u; int t; /* patch list of `exit when true' */ int f; /* patch list of `exit when false' */ } expdesc; -typedef struct upvaldesc { - lu_byte k; - lu_byte info; -} upvaldesc; +/* description of active local variable */ +typedef struct Vardesc { + short idx; /* variable index in stack */ +} Vardesc; +/* description of pending goto statements and label statements */ +typedef struct Labeldesc { + TString *name; /* label identifier */ + int pc; /* position in code */ + int line; /* line where it appeared */ + lu_byte nactvar; /* local level where it appears in current block */ +} Labeldesc; + + +/* list of labels or gotos */ +typedef struct Labellist { + Labeldesc *arr; /* array */ + int n; /* number of entries in use */ + int size; /* array size */ +} Labellist; + + +/* dynamic structures used by the parser */ +typedef struct Dyndata { + struct { /* list of active local variables */ + Vardesc *arr; + int n; + int size; + } actvar; + Labellist gt; /* list of pending gotos */ + Labellist label; /* list of active labels */ +} Dyndata; + + +/* control of blocks */ struct BlockCnt; /* defined in lparser.c */ @@ -60,23 +98,22 @@ typedef struct FuncState { Table *h; /* table to find (and reuse) elements in `k' */ struct FuncState *prev; /* enclosing function */ struct LexState *ls; /* lexical state */ - struct lua_State *L; /* copy of the Lua state */ struct BlockCnt *bl; /* chain of current blocks */ int pc; /* next position to code (equivalent to `ncode') */ - int lasttarget; /* `pc' of last `jump target' */ + int lasttarget; /* 'label' of last 'jump label' */ int jpc; /* list of pending jumps to `pc' */ - int freereg; /* first free register */ int nk; /* number of elements in `k' */ int np; /* number of elements in `p' */ - short nlocvars; /* number of elements in `locvars' */ + int firstlocal; /* index of first local var (in Dyndata array) */ + short nlocvars; /* number of elements in 'f->locvars' */ lu_byte nactvar; /* number of active local variables */ - upvaldesc upvalues[LUAI_MAXUPVALUES]; /* upvalues */ - unsigned short actvar[LUAI_MAXVARS]; /* declared-variable stack */ + lu_byte nups; /* number of upvalues */ + lu_byte freereg; /* first free register */ } FuncState; -LUAI_FUNC Proto *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff, - const char *name); +LUAI_FUNC Closure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff, + Dyndata *dyd, const char *name, int firstchar); #endif diff --git a/lua/src/lstate.c b/lua/src/lstate.c index 4313b83a..c7f2672b 100644 --- a/lua/src/lstate.c +++ b/lua/src/lstate.c @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ /* -** $Id: lstate.c,v 2.36.1.2 2008/01/03 15:20:39 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lstate.c,v 2.99.1.2 2013/11/08 17:45:31 roberto Exp $ ** Global State ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ #include +#include #define lstate_c #define LUA_CORE #include "lua.h" +#include "lapi.h" #include "ldebug.h" #include "ldo.h" #include "lfunc.h" @@ -24,119 +26,240 @@ #include "ltm.h" -#define state_size(x) (sizeof(x) + LUAI_EXTRASPACE) -#define fromstate(l) (cast(lu_byte *, (l)) - LUAI_EXTRASPACE) -#define tostate(l) (cast(lua_State *, cast(lu_byte *, l) + LUAI_EXTRASPACE)) +#if !defined(LUAI_GCPAUSE) +#define LUAI_GCPAUSE 200 /* 200% */ +#endif + +#if !defined(LUAI_GCMAJOR) +#define LUAI_GCMAJOR 200 /* 200% */ +#endif + +#if !defined(LUAI_GCMUL) +#define LUAI_GCMUL 200 /* GC runs 'twice the speed' of memory allocation */ +#endif + + +#define MEMERRMSG "not enough memory" + + +/* +** a macro to help the creation of a unique random seed when a state is +** created; the seed is used to randomize hashes. +*/ +#if !defined(luai_makeseed) +#include +#define luai_makeseed() cast(unsigned int, time(NULL)) +#endif + + + +/* +** thread state + extra space +*/ +typedef struct LX { +#if defined(LUAI_EXTRASPACE) + char buff[LUAI_EXTRASPACE]; +#endif + lua_State l; +} LX; /* ** Main thread combines a thread state and the global state */ typedef struct LG { - lua_State l; + LX l; global_State g; } LG; - -static void stack_init (lua_State *L1, lua_State *L) { - /* initialize CallInfo array */ - L1->base_ci = luaM_newvector(L, BASIC_CI_SIZE, CallInfo); - L1->ci = L1->base_ci; - L1->size_ci = BASIC_CI_SIZE; - L1->end_ci = L1->base_ci + L1->size_ci - 1; - /* initialize stack array */ - L1->stack = luaM_newvector(L, BASIC_STACK_SIZE + EXTRA_STACK, TValue); - L1->stacksize = BASIC_STACK_SIZE + EXTRA_STACK; - L1->top = L1->stack; - L1->stack_last = L1->stack+(L1->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK)-1; - /* initialize first ci */ - L1->ci->func = L1->top; - setnilvalue(L1->top++); /* `function' entry for this `ci' */ - L1->base = L1->ci->base = L1->top; - L1->ci->top = L1->top + LUA_MINSTACK; -} + +#define fromstate(L) (cast(LX *, cast(lu_byte *, (L)) - offsetof(LX, l))) -static void freestack (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1) { - luaM_freearray(L, L1->base_ci, L1->size_ci, CallInfo); - luaM_freearray(L, L1->stack, L1->stacksize, TValue); +/* +** Compute an initial seed as random as possible. In ANSI, rely on +** Address Space Layout Randomization (if present) to increase +** randomness.. +*/ +#define addbuff(b,p,e) \ + { size_t t = cast(size_t, e); \ + memcpy(buff + p, &t, sizeof(t)); p += sizeof(t); } + +static unsigned int makeseed (lua_State *L) { + char buff[4 * sizeof(size_t)]; + unsigned int h = luai_makeseed(); + int p = 0; + addbuff(buff, p, L); /* heap variable */ + addbuff(buff, p, &h); /* local variable */ + addbuff(buff, p, luaO_nilobject); /* global variable */ + addbuff(buff, p, &lua_newstate); /* public function */ + lua_assert(p == sizeof(buff)); + return luaS_hash(buff, p, h); } /* -** open parts that may cause memory-allocation errors +** set GCdebt to a new value keeping the value (totalbytes + GCdebt) +** invariant +*/ +void luaE_setdebt (global_State *g, l_mem debt) { + g->totalbytes -= (debt - g->GCdebt); + g->GCdebt = debt; +} + + +CallInfo *luaE_extendCI (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci = luaM_new(L, CallInfo); + lua_assert(L->ci->next == NULL); + L->ci->next = ci; + ci->previous = L->ci; + ci->next = NULL; + return ci; +} + + +void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + CallInfo *next = ci->next; + ci->next = NULL; + while ((ci = next) != NULL) { + next = ci->next; + luaM_free(L, ci); + } +} + + +static void stack_init (lua_State *L1, lua_State *L) { + int i; CallInfo *ci; + /* initialize stack array */ + L1->stack = luaM_newvector(L, BASIC_STACK_SIZE, TValue); + L1->stacksize = BASIC_STACK_SIZE; + for (i = 0; i < BASIC_STACK_SIZE; i++) + setnilvalue(L1->stack + i); /* erase new stack */ + L1->top = L1->stack; + L1->stack_last = L1->stack + L1->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK; + /* initialize first ci */ + ci = &L1->base_ci; + ci->next = ci->previous = NULL; + ci->callstatus = 0; + ci->func = L1->top; + setnilvalue(L1->top++); /* 'function' entry for this 'ci' */ + ci->top = L1->top + LUA_MINSTACK; + L1->ci = ci; +} + + +static void freestack (lua_State *L) { + if (L->stack == NULL) + return; /* stack not completely built yet */ + L->ci = &L->base_ci; /* free the entire 'ci' list */ + luaE_freeCI(L); + luaM_freearray(L, L->stack, L->stacksize); /* free stack array */ +} + + +/* +** Create registry table and its predefined values +*/ +static void init_registry (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { + TValue mt; + /* create registry */ + Table *registry = luaH_new(L); + sethvalue(L, &g->l_registry, registry); + luaH_resize(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_LAST, 0); + /* registry[LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD] = L */ + setthvalue(L, &mt, L); + luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD, &mt); + /* registry[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS] = table of globals */ + sethvalue(L, &mt, luaH_new(L)); + luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS, &mt); +} + + +/* +** open parts of the state that may cause memory-allocation errors */ static void f_luaopen (lua_State *L, void *ud) { global_State *g = G(L); UNUSED(ud); stack_init(L, L); /* init stack */ - sethvalue(L, gt(L), luaH_new(L, 0, 2)); /* table of globals */ - sethvalue(L, registry(L), luaH_new(L, 0, 2)); /* registry */ + init_registry(L, g); luaS_resize(L, MINSTRTABSIZE); /* initial size of string table */ luaT_init(L); luaX_init(L); - luaS_fix(luaS_newliteral(L, MEMERRMSG)); - g->GCthreshold = 4*g->totalbytes; + /* pre-create memory-error message */ + g->memerrmsg = luaS_newliteral(L, MEMERRMSG); + luaS_fix(g->memerrmsg); /* it should never be collected */ + g->gcrunning = 1; /* allow gc */ + g->version = lua_version(NULL); + luai_userstateopen(L); } +/* +** preinitialize a state with consistent values without allocating +** any memory (to avoid errors) +*/ static void preinit_state (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { G(L) = g; L->stack = NULL; + L->ci = NULL; L->stacksize = 0; L->errorJmp = NULL; + L->nCcalls = 0; L->hook = NULL; L->hookmask = 0; L->basehookcount = 0; L->allowhook = 1; resethookcount(L); L->openupval = NULL; - L->size_ci = 0; - L->nCcalls = L->baseCcalls = 0; - L->status = 0; - L->base_ci = L->ci = NULL; - L->savedpc = NULL; + L->nny = 1; + L->status = LUA_OK; L->errfunc = 0; - setnilvalue(gt(L)); } static void close_state (lua_State *L) { global_State *g = G(L); luaF_close(L, L->stack); /* close all upvalues for this thread */ - luaC_freeall(L); /* collect all objects */ - lua_assert(g->rootgc == obj2gco(L)); - lua_assert(g->strt.nuse == 0); - luaM_freearray(L, G(L)->strt.hash, G(L)->strt.size, TString *); + luaC_freeallobjects(L); /* collect all objects */ + if (g->version) /* closing a fully built state? */ + luai_userstateclose(L); + luaM_freearray(L, G(L)->strt.hash, G(L)->strt.size); luaZ_freebuffer(L, &g->buff); - freestack(L, L); - lua_assert(g->totalbytes == sizeof(LG)); - (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, fromstate(L), state_size(LG), 0); + freestack(L); + lua_assert(gettotalbytes(g) == sizeof(LG)); + (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, fromstate(L), sizeof(LG), 0); /* free main block */ } -lua_State *luaE_newthread (lua_State *L) { - lua_State *L1 = tostate(luaM_malloc(L, state_size(lua_State))); - luaC_link(L, obj2gco(L1), LUA_TTHREAD); +LUA_API lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L) { + lua_State *L1; + lua_lock(L); + luaC_checkGC(L); + L1 = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TTHREAD, sizeof(LX), NULL, offsetof(LX, l))->th; + setthvalue(L, L->top, L1); + api_incr_top(L); preinit_state(L1, G(L)); - stack_init(L1, L); /* init stack */ - setobj2n(L, gt(L1), gt(L)); /* share table of globals */ L1->hookmask = L->hookmask; L1->basehookcount = L->basehookcount; L1->hook = L->hook; resethookcount(L1); - lua_assert(iswhite(obj2gco(L1))); + luai_userstatethread(L, L1); + stack_init(L1, L); /* init stack */ + lua_unlock(L); return L1; } void luaE_freethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1) { + LX *l = fromstate(L1); luaF_close(L1, L1->stack); /* close all upvalues for this thread */ lua_assert(L1->openupval == NULL); - luai_userstatefree(L1); - freestack(L, L1); - luaM_freemem(L, fromstate(L1), state_size(lua_State)); + luai_userstatefree(L, L1); + freestack(L1); + luaM_free(L, l); } @@ -144,71 +267,57 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_newstate (lua_Alloc f, void *ud) { int i; lua_State *L; global_State *g; - void *l = (*f)(ud, NULL, 0, state_size(LG)); + LG *l = cast(LG *, (*f)(ud, NULL, LUA_TTHREAD, sizeof(LG))); if (l == NULL) return NULL; - L = tostate(l); - g = &((LG *)L)->g; + L = &l->l.l; + g = &l->g; L->next = NULL; L->tt = LUA_TTHREAD; g->currentwhite = bit2mask(WHITE0BIT, FIXEDBIT); L->marked = luaC_white(g); - set2bits(L->marked, FIXEDBIT, SFIXEDBIT); + g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL; preinit_state(L, g); g->frealloc = f; g->ud = ud; g->mainthread = L; + g->seed = makeseed(L); g->uvhead.u.l.prev = &g->uvhead; g->uvhead.u.l.next = &g->uvhead; - g->GCthreshold = 0; /* mark it as unfinished state */ + g->gcrunning = 0; /* no GC while building state */ + g->GCestimate = 0; g->strt.size = 0; g->strt.nuse = 0; g->strt.hash = NULL; - setnilvalue(registry(L)); + setnilvalue(&g->l_registry); luaZ_initbuffer(L, &g->buff); g->panic = NULL; + g->version = NULL; g->gcstate = GCSpause; - g->rootgc = obj2gco(L); - g->sweepstrgc = 0; - g->sweepgc = &g->rootgc; - g->gray = NULL; - g->grayagain = NULL; - g->weak = NULL; - g->tmudata = NULL; + g->allgc = NULL; + g->finobj = NULL; + g->tobefnz = NULL; + g->sweepgc = g->sweepfin = NULL; + g->gray = g->grayagain = NULL; + g->weak = g->ephemeron = g->allweak = NULL; g->totalbytes = sizeof(LG); + g->GCdebt = 0; g->gcpause = LUAI_GCPAUSE; + g->gcmajorinc = LUAI_GCMAJOR; g->gcstepmul = LUAI_GCMUL; - g->gcdept = 0; - for (i=0; imt[i] = NULL; - if (luaD_rawrunprotected(L, f_luaopen, NULL) != 0) { + for (i=0; i < LUA_NUMTAGS; i++) g->mt[i] = NULL; + if (luaD_rawrunprotected(L, f_luaopen, NULL) != LUA_OK) { /* memory allocation error: free partial state */ close_state(L); L = NULL; } - else - luai_userstateopen(L); return L; } -static void callallgcTM (lua_State *L, void *ud) { - UNUSED(ud); - luaC_callGCTM(L); /* call GC metamethods for all udata */ -} - - LUA_API void lua_close (lua_State *L) { L = G(L)->mainthread; /* only the main thread can be closed */ lua_lock(L); - luaF_close(L, L->stack); /* close all upvalues for this thread */ - luaC_separateudata(L, 1); /* separate udata that have GC metamethods */ - L->errfunc = 0; /* no error function during GC metamethods */ - do { /* repeat until no more errors */ - L->ci = L->base_ci; - L->base = L->top = L->ci->base; - L->nCcalls = L->baseCcalls = 0; - } while (luaD_rawrunprotected(L, callallgcTM, NULL) != 0); - lua_assert(G(L)->tmudata == NULL); - luai_userstateclose(L); close_state(L); } + diff --git a/lua/src/lstate.h b/lua/src/lstate.h index 3bc575b6..daffd9aa 100644 --- a/lua/src/lstate.h +++ b/lua/src/lstate.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lstate.h,v 2.24.1.2 2008/01/03 15:20:39 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lstate.h,v 2.82.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Global State ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -14,26 +14,47 @@ #include "lzio.h" +/* + +** Some notes about garbage-collected objects: All objects in Lua must +** be kept somehow accessible until being freed. +** +** Lua keeps most objects linked in list g->allgc. The link uses field +** 'next' of the CommonHeader. +** +** Strings are kept in several lists headed by the array g->strt.hash. +** +** Open upvalues are not subject to independent garbage collection. They +** are collected together with their respective threads. Lua keeps a +** double-linked list with all open upvalues (g->uvhead) so that it can +** mark objects referred by them. (They are always gray, so they must +** be remarked in the atomic step. Usually their contents would be marked +** when traversing the respective threads, but the thread may already be +** dead, while the upvalue is still accessible through closures.) +** +** Objects with finalizers are kept in the list g->finobj. +** +** The list g->tobefnz links all objects being finalized. + +*/ + struct lua_longjmp; /* defined in ldo.c */ -/* table of globals */ -#define gt(L) (&L->l_gt) - -/* registry */ -#define registry(L) (&G(L)->l_registry) - /* extra stack space to handle TM calls and some other extras */ #define EXTRA_STACK 5 -#define BASIC_CI_SIZE 8 - #define BASIC_STACK_SIZE (2*LUA_MINSTACK) +/* kinds of Garbage Collection */ +#define KGC_NORMAL 0 +#define KGC_EMERGENCY 1 /* gc was forced by an allocation failure */ +#define KGC_GEN 2 /* generational collection */ + typedef struct stringtable { GCObject **hash; @@ -43,54 +64,87 @@ typedef struct stringtable { /* -** informations about a call +** information about a call */ typedef struct CallInfo { - StkId base; /* base for this function */ StkId func; /* function index in the stack */ StkId top; /* top for this function */ - const Instruction *savedpc; - int nresults; /* expected number of results from this function */ - int tailcalls; /* number of tail calls lost under this entry */ + struct CallInfo *previous, *next; /* dynamic call link */ + short nresults; /* expected number of results from this function */ + lu_byte callstatus; + ptrdiff_t extra; + union { + struct { /* only for Lua functions */ + StkId base; /* base for this function */ + const Instruction *savedpc; + } l; + struct { /* only for C functions */ + int ctx; /* context info. in case of yields */ + lua_CFunction k; /* continuation in case of yields */ + ptrdiff_t old_errfunc; + lu_byte old_allowhook; + lu_byte status; + } c; + } u; } CallInfo; +/* +** Bits in CallInfo status +*/ +#define CIST_LUA (1<<0) /* call is running a Lua function */ +#define CIST_HOOKED (1<<1) /* call is running a debug hook */ +#define CIST_REENTRY (1<<2) /* call is running on same invocation of + luaV_execute of previous call */ +#define CIST_YIELDED (1<<3) /* call reentered after suspension */ +#define CIST_YPCALL (1<<4) /* call is a yieldable protected call */ +#define CIST_STAT (1<<5) /* call has an error status (pcall) */ +#define CIST_TAIL (1<<6) /* call was tail called */ +#define CIST_HOOKYIELD (1<<7) /* last hook called yielded */ -#define curr_func(L) (clvalue(L->ci->func)) -#define ci_func(ci) (clvalue((ci)->func)) -#define f_isLua(ci) (!ci_func(ci)->c.isC) -#define isLua(ci) (ttisfunction((ci)->func) && f_isLua(ci)) + +#define isLua(ci) ((ci)->callstatus & CIST_LUA) /* ** `global state', shared by all threads of this state */ typedef struct global_State { - stringtable strt; /* hash table for strings */ lua_Alloc frealloc; /* function to reallocate memory */ void *ud; /* auxiliary data to `frealloc' */ + lu_mem totalbytes; /* number of bytes currently allocated - GCdebt */ + l_mem GCdebt; /* bytes allocated not yet compensated by the collector */ + lu_mem GCmemtrav; /* memory traversed by the GC */ + lu_mem GCestimate; /* an estimate of the non-garbage memory in use */ + stringtable strt; /* hash table for strings */ + TValue l_registry; + unsigned int seed; /* randomized seed for hashes */ lu_byte currentwhite; lu_byte gcstate; /* state of garbage collector */ + lu_byte gckind; /* kind of GC running */ + lu_byte gcrunning; /* true if GC is running */ int sweepstrgc; /* position of sweep in `strt' */ - GCObject *rootgc; /* list of all collectable objects */ - GCObject **sweepgc; /* position of sweep in `rootgc' */ + GCObject *allgc; /* list of all collectable objects */ + GCObject *finobj; /* list of collectable objects with finalizers */ + GCObject **sweepgc; /* current position of sweep in list 'allgc' */ + GCObject **sweepfin; /* current position of sweep in list 'finobj' */ GCObject *gray; /* list of gray objects */ GCObject *grayagain; /* list of objects to be traversed atomically */ - GCObject *weak; /* list of weak tables (to be cleared) */ - GCObject *tmudata; /* last element of list of userdata to be GC */ - Mbuffer buff; /* temporary buffer for string concatentation */ - lu_mem GCthreshold; - lu_mem totalbytes; /* number of bytes currently allocated */ - lu_mem estimate; /* an estimate of number of bytes actually in use */ - lu_mem gcdept; /* how much GC is `behind schedule' */ + GCObject *weak; /* list of tables with weak values */ + GCObject *ephemeron; /* list of ephemeron tables (weak keys) */ + GCObject *allweak; /* list of all-weak tables */ + GCObject *tobefnz; /* list of userdata to be GC */ + UpVal uvhead; /* head of double-linked list of all open upvalues */ + Mbuffer buff; /* temporary buffer for string concatenation */ int gcpause; /* size of pause between successive GCs */ + int gcmajorinc; /* pause between major collections (only in gen. mode) */ int gcstepmul; /* GC `granularity' */ lua_CFunction panic; /* to be called in unprotected errors */ - TValue l_registry; struct lua_State *mainthread; - UpVal uvhead; /* head of double-linked list of all open upvalues */ - struct Table *mt[NUM_TAGS]; /* metatables for basic types */ + const lua_Number *version; /* pointer to version number */ + TString *memerrmsg; /* memory-error message */ TString *tmname[TM_N]; /* array with tag-method names */ + struct Table *mt[LUA_NUMTAGS]; /* metatables for basic types */ } global_State; @@ -101,29 +155,24 @@ struct lua_State { CommonHeader; lu_byte status; StkId top; /* first free slot in the stack */ - StkId base; /* base of current function */ global_State *l_G; CallInfo *ci; /* call info for current function */ - const Instruction *savedpc; /* `savedpc' of current function */ + const Instruction *oldpc; /* last pc traced */ StkId stack_last; /* last free slot in the stack */ StkId stack; /* stack base */ - CallInfo *end_ci; /* points after end of ci array*/ - CallInfo *base_ci; /* array of CallInfo's */ int stacksize; - int size_ci; /* size of array `base_ci' */ + unsigned short nny; /* number of non-yieldable calls in stack */ unsigned short nCcalls; /* number of nested C calls */ - unsigned short baseCcalls; /* nested C calls when resuming coroutine */ lu_byte hookmask; lu_byte allowhook; int basehookcount; int hookcount; lua_Hook hook; - TValue l_gt; /* table of globals */ - TValue env; /* temporary place for environments */ GCObject *openupval; /* list of open upvalues in this stack */ GCObject *gclist; struct lua_longjmp *errorJmp; /* current error recover point */ ptrdiff_t errfunc; /* current error handling function (stack index) */ + CallInfo base_ci; /* CallInfo for first level (C calling Lua) */ }; @@ -134,7 +183,7 @@ struct lua_State { ** Union of all collectable objects */ union GCObject { - GCheader gch; + GCheader gch; /* common header */ union TString ts; union Udata u; union Closure cl; @@ -145,25 +194,35 @@ union GCObject { }; +#define gch(o) (&(o)->gch) + /* macros to convert a GCObject into a specific value */ -#define rawgco2ts(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TSTRING, &((o)->ts)) +#define rawgco2ts(o) \ + check_exp(novariant((o)->gch.tt) == LUA_TSTRING, &((o)->ts)) #define gco2ts(o) (&rawgco2ts(o)->tsv) #define rawgco2u(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TUSERDATA, &((o)->u)) #define gco2u(o) (&rawgco2u(o)->uv) -#define gco2cl(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TFUNCTION, &((o)->cl)) -#define gco2h(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TTABLE, &((o)->h)) +#define gco2lcl(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TLCL, &((o)->cl.l)) +#define gco2ccl(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TCCL, &((o)->cl.c)) +#define gco2cl(o) \ + check_exp(novariant((o)->gch.tt) == LUA_TFUNCTION, &((o)->cl)) +#define gco2t(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TTABLE, &((o)->h)) #define gco2p(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TPROTO, &((o)->p)) #define gco2uv(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TUPVAL, &((o)->uv)) -#define ngcotouv(o) \ - check_exp((o) == NULL || (o)->gch.tt == LUA_TUPVAL, &((o)->uv)) #define gco2th(o) check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TTHREAD, &((o)->th)) /* macro to convert any Lua object into a GCObject */ #define obj2gco(v) (cast(GCObject *, (v))) -LUAI_FUNC lua_State *luaE_newthread (lua_State *L); +/* actual number of total bytes allocated */ +#define gettotalbytes(g) ((g)->totalbytes + (g)->GCdebt) + +LUAI_FUNC void luaE_setdebt (global_State *g, l_mem debt); LUAI_FUNC void luaE_freethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1); +LUAI_FUNC CallInfo *luaE_extendCI (lua_State *L); +LUAI_FUNC void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L); + #endif diff --git a/lua/src/lstring.c b/lua/src/lstring.c index 49113151..af96c89c 100644 --- a/lua/src/lstring.c +++ b/lua/src/lstring.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lstring.c,v 2.8.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lstring.c,v 2.26.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** String table (keeps all strings handled by Lua) ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -18,78 +18,157 @@ #include "lstring.h" +/* +** Lua will use at most ~(2^LUAI_HASHLIMIT) bytes from a string to +** compute its hash +*/ +#if !defined(LUAI_HASHLIMIT) +#define LUAI_HASHLIMIT 5 +#endif -void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int newsize) { - GCObject **newhash; - stringtable *tb; - int i; - if (G(L)->gcstate == GCSsweepstring) - return; /* cannot resize during GC traverse */ - newhash = luaM_newvector(L, newsize, GCObject *); - tb = &G(L)->strt; - for (i=0; isize; i++) { - GCObject *p = tb->hash[i]; - while (p) { /* for each node in the list */ - GCObject *next = p->gch.next; /* save next */ - unsigned int h = gco2ts(p)->hash; - int h1 = lmod(h, newsize); /* new position */ - lua_assert(cast_int(h%newsize) == lmod(h, newsize)); - p->gch.next = newhash[h1]; /* chain it */ - newhash[h1] = p; - p = next; - } - } - luaM_freearray(L, tb->hash, tb->size, TString *); - tb->size = newsize; - tb->hash = newhash; + +/* +** equality for long strings +*/ +int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b) { + size_t len = a->tsv.len; + lua_assert(a->tsv.tt == LUA_TLNGSTR && b->tsv.tt == LUA_TLNGSTR); + return (a == b) || /* same instance or... */ + ((len == b->tsv.len) && /* equal length and ... */ + (memcmp(getstr(a), getstr(b), len) == 0)); /* equal contents */ } -static TString *newlstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l, - unsigned int h) { +/* +** equality for strings +*/ +int luaS_eqstr (TString *a, TString *b) { + return (a->tsv.tt == b->tsv.tt) && + (a->tsv.tt == LUA_TSHRSTR ? eqshrstr(a, b) : luaS_eqlngstr(a, b)); +} + + +unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed) { + unsigned int h = seed ^ cast(unsigned int, l); + size_t l1; + size_t step = (l >> LUAI_HASHLIMIT) + 1; + for (l1 = l; l1 >= step; l1 -= step) + h = h ^ ((h<<5) + (h>>2) + cast_byte(str[l1 - 1])); + return h; +} + + +/* +** resizes the string table +*/ +void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int newsize) { + int i; + stringtable *tb = &G(L)->strt; + /* cannot resize while GC is traversing strings */ + luaC_runtilstate(L, ~bitmask(GCSsweepstring)); + if (newsize > tb->size) { + luaM_reallocvector(L, tb->hash, tb->size, newsize, GCObject *); + for (i = tb->size; i < newsize; i++) tb->hash[i] = NULL; + } + /* rehash */ + for (i=0; isize; i++) { + GCObject *p = tb->hash[i]; + tb->hash[i] = NULL; + while (p) { /* for each node in the list */ + GCObject *next = gch(p)->next; /* save next */ + unsigned int h = lmod(gco2ts(p)->hash, newsize); /* new position */ + gch(p)->next = tb->hash[h]; /* chain it */ + tb->hash[h] = p; + resetoldbit(p); /* see MOVE OLD rule */ + p = next; + } + } + if (newsize < tb->size) { + /* shrinking slice must be empty */ + lua_assert(tb->hash[newsize] == NULL && tb->hash[tb->size - 1] == NULL); + luaM_reallocvector(L, tb->hash, tb->size, newsize, GCObject *); + } + tb->size = newsize; +} + + +/* +** creates a new string object +*/ +static TString *createstrobj (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l, + int tag, unsigned int h, GCObject **list) { TString *ts; - stringtable *tb; - if (l+1 > (MAX_SIZET - sizeof(TString))/sizeof(char)) - luaM_toobig(L); - ts = cast(TString *, luaM_malloc(L, (l+1)*sizeof(char)+sizeof(TString))); + size_t totalsize; /* total size of TString object */ + totalsize = sizeof(TString) + ((l + 1) * sizeof(char)); + ts = &luaC_newobj(L, tag, totalsize, list, 0)->ts; ts->tsv.len = l; ts->tsv.hash = h; - ts->tsv.marked = luaC_white(G(L)); - ts->tsv.tt = LUA_TSTRING; - ts->tsv.reserved = 0; + ts->tsv.extra = 0; memcpy(ts+1, str, l*sizeof(char)); ((char *)(ts+1))[l] = '\0'; /* ending 0 */ - tb = &G(L)->strt; - h = lmod(h, tb->size); - ts->tsv.next = tb->hash[h]; /* chain new entry */ - tb->hash[h] = obj2gco(ts); - tb->nuse++; - if (tb->nuse > cast(lu_int32, tb->size) && tb->size <= MAX_INT/2) - luaS_resize(L, tb->size*2); /* too crowded */ return ts; } -TString *luaS_newlstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) { +/* +** creates a new short string, inserting it into string table +*/ +static TString *newshrstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l, + unsigned int h) { + GCObject **list; /* (pointer to) list where it will be inserted */ + stringtable *tb = &G(L)->strt; + TString *s; + if (tb->nuse >= cast(lu_int32, tb->size) && tb->size <= MAX_INT/2) + luaS_resize(L, tb->size*2); /* too crowded */ + list = &tb->hash[lmod(h, tb->size)]; + s = createstrobj(L, str, l, LUA_TSHRSTR, h, list); + tb->nuse++; + return s; +} + + +/* +** checks whether short string exists and reuses it or creates a new one +*/ +static TString *internshrstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) { GCObject *o; - unsigned int h = cast(unsigned int, l); /* seed */ - size_t step = (l>>5)+1; /* if string is too long, don't hash all its chars */ - size_t l1; - for (l1=l; l1>=step; l1-=step) /* compute hash */ - h = h ^ ((h<<5)+(h>>2)+cast(unsigned char, str[l1-1])); - for (o = G(L)->strt.hash[lmod(h, G(L)->strt.size)]; + global_State *g = G(L); + unsigned int h = luaS_hash(str, l, g->seed); + for (o = g->strt.hash[lmod(h, g->strt.size)]; o != NULL; - o = o->gch.next) { + o = gch(o)->next) { TString *ts = rawgco2ts(o); - if (ts->tsv.len == l && (memcmp(str, getstr(ts), l) == 0)) { - /* string may be dead */ - if (isdead(G(L), o)) changewhite(o); + if (h == ts->tsv.hash && + l == ts->tsv.len && + (memcmp(str, getstr(ts), l * sizeof(char)) == 0)) { + if (isdead(G(L), o)) /* string is dead (but was not collected yet)? */ + changewhite(o); /* resurrect it */ return ts; } } - return newlstr(L, str, l, h); /* not found */ + return newshrstr(L, str, l, h); /* not found; create a new string */ +} + + +/* +** new string (with explicit length) +*/ +TString *luaS_newlstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) { + if (l <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN) /* short string? */ + return internshrstr(L, str, l); + else { + if (l + 1 > (MAX_SIZET - sizeof(TString))/sizeof(char)) + luaM_toobig(L); + return createstrobj(L, str, l, LUA_TLNGSTR, G(L)->seed, NULL); + } +} + + +/* +** new zero-terminated string +*/ +TString *luaS_new (lua_State *L, const char *str) { + return luaS_newlstr(L, str, strlen(str)); } @@ -97,15 +176,10 @@ Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s, Table *e) { Udata *u; if (s > MAX_SIZET - sizeof(Udata)) luaM_toobig(L); - u = cast(Udata *, luaM_malloc(L, s + sizeof(Udata))); - u->uv.marked = luaC_white(G(L)); /* is not finalized */ - u->uv.tt = LUA_TUSERDATA; + u = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUSERDATA, sizeof(Udata) + s, NULL, 0)->u; u->uv.len = s; u->uv.metatable = NULL; u->uv.env = e; - /* chain it on udata list (after main thread) */ - u->uv.next = G(L)->mainthread->next; - G(L)->mainthread->next = obj2gco(u); return u; } diff --git a/lua/src/lstring.h b/lua/src/lstring.h index 73a2ff8b..260e7f16 100644 --- a/lua/src/lstring.h +++ b/lua/src/lstring.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lstring.h,v 1.43.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lstring.h,v 1.49.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** String table (keep all strings handled by Lua) ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ #ifndef lstring_h #define lstring_h - #include "lgc.h" #include "lobject.h" #include "lstate.h" @@ -17,15 +16,31 @@ #define sizeudata(u) (sizeof(union Udata)+(u)->len) -#define luaS_new(L, s) (luaS_newlstr(L, s, strlen(s))) #define luaS_newliteral(L, s) (luaS_newlstr(L, "" s, \ (sizeof(s)/sizeof(char))-1)) #define luaS_fix(s) l_setbit((s)->tsv.marked, FIXEDBIT) + +/* +** test whether a string is a reserved word +*/ +#define isreserved(s) ((s)->tsv.tt == LUA_TSHRSTR && (s)->tsv.extra > 0) + + +/* +** equality for short strings, which are always internalized +*/ +#define eqshrstr(a,b) check_exp((a)->tsv.tt == LUA_TSHRSTR, (a) == (b)) + + +LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed); +LUAI_FUNC int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b); +LUAI_FUNC int luaS_eqstr (TString *a, TString *b); LUAI_FUNC void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int newsize); LUAI_FUNC Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s, Table *e); LUAI_FUNC TString *luaS_newlstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l); +LUAI_FUNC TString *luaS_new (lua_State *L, const char *str); #endif diff --git a/lua/src/lstrlib.c b/lua/src/lstrlib.c index 7a03489b..9261fd22 100644 --- a/lua/src/lstrlib.c +++ b/lua/src/lstrlib.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lstrlib.c,v 1.132.1.5 2010/05/14 15:34:19 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lstrlib.c,v 1.178.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Standard library for string operations and pattern-matching ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -20,47 +20,58 @@ #include "lualib.h" +/* +** maximum number of captures that a pattern can do during +** pattern-matching. This limit is arbitrary. +*/ +#if !defined(LUA_MAXCAPTURES) +#define LUA_MAXCAPTURES 32 +#endif + + /* macro to `unsign' a character */ -#define uchar(c) ((unsigned char)(c)) +#define uchar(c) ((unsigned char)(c)) static int str_len (lua_State *L) { size_t l; luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); - lua_pushinteger(L, l); + lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)l); return 1; } -static ptrdiff_t posrelat (ptrdiff_t pos, size_t len) { - /* relative string position: negative means back from end */ - if (pos < 0) pos += (ptrdiff_t)len + 1; - return (pos >= 0) ? pos : 0; +/* translate a relative string position: negative means back from end */ +static size_t posrelat (ptrdiff_t pos, size_t len) { + if (pos >= 0) return (size_t)pos; + else if (0u - (size_t)pos > len) return 0; + else return len - ((size_t)-pos) + 1; } static int str_sub (lua_State *L) { size_t l; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); - ptrdiff_t start = posrelat(luaL_checkinteger(L, 2), l); - ptrdiff_t end = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, -1), l); + size_t start = posrelat(luaL_checkinteger(L, 2), l); + size_t end = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, -1), l); if (start < 1) start = 1; - if (end > (ptrdiff_t)l) end = (ptrdiff_t)l; + if (end > l) end = l; if (start <= end) - lua_pushlstring(L, s+start-1, end-start+1); + lua_pushlstring(L, s + start - 1, end - start + 1); else lua_pushliteral(L, ""); return 1; } static int str_reverse (lua_State *L) { - size_t l; + size_t l, i; luaL_Buffer b; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); - luaL_buffinit(L, &b); - while (l--) luaL_addchar(&b, s[l]); - luaL_pushresult(&b); + char *p = luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, l); + for (i = 0; i < l; i++) + p[i] = s[l - i - 1]; + luaL_pushresultsize(&b, l); return 1; } @@ -70,10 +81,10 @@ static int str_lower (lua_State *L) { size_t i; luaL_Buffer b; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); - luaL_buffinit(L, &b); + char *p = luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, l); for (i=0; i> 1) + static int str_rep (lua_State *L) { - size_t l; - luaL_Buffer b; + size_t l, lsep; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); int n = luaL_checkint(L, 2); - luaL_buffinit(L, &b); - while (n-- > 0) - luaL_addlstring(&b, s, l); - luaL_pushresult(&b); + const char *sep = luaL_optlstring(L, 3, "", &lsep); + if (n <= 0) lua_pushliteral(L, ""); + else if (l + lsep < l || l + lsep >= MAXSIZE / n) /* may overflow? */ + return luaL_error(L, "resulting string too large"); + else { + size_t totallen = n * l + (n - 1) * lsep; + luaL_Buffer b; + char *p = luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, totallen); + while (n-- > 1) { /* first n-1 copies (followed by separator) */ + memcpy(p, s, l * sizeof(char)); p += l; + if (lsep > 0) { /* avoid empty 'memcpy' (may be expensive) */ + memcpy(p, sep, lsep * sizeof(char)); p += lsep; + } + } + memcpy(p, s, l * sizeof(char)); /* last copy (not followed by separator) */ + luaL_pushresultsize(&b, totallen); + } return 1; } @@ -106,15 +133,15 @@ static int str_rep (lua_State *L) { static int str_byte (lua_State *L) { size_t l; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); - ptrdiff_t posi = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1), l); - ptrdiff_t pose = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), l); + size_t posi = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1), l); + size_t pose = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), l); int n, i; - if (posi <= 0) posi = 1; - if ((size_t)pose > l) pose = l; + if (posi < 1) posi = 1; + if (pose > l) pose = l; if (posi > pose) return 0; /* empty interval; return no values */ n = (int)(pose - posi + 1); - if (posi + n <= pose) /* overflow? */ - luaL_error(L, "string slice too long"); + if (posi + n <= pose) /* (size_t -> int) overflow? */ + return luaL_error(L, "string slice too long"); luaL_checkstack(L, n, "string slice too long"); for (i=0; i= ms->level || ms->capture[l].len == CAP_UNFINISHED) - return luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid capture index"); + return luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid capture index %%%d", l + 1); return l; } @@ -202,16 +242,16 @@ static int capture_to_close (MatchState *ms) { static const char *classend (MatchState *ms, const char *p) { switch (*p++) { case L_ESC: { - if (*p == '\0') + if (p == ms->p_end) luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (ends with " LUA_QL("%%") ")"); return p+1; } case '[': { if (*p == '^') p++; do { /* look for a `]' */ - if (*p == '\0') + if (p == ms->p_end) luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (missing " LUA_QL("]") ")"); - if (*(p++) == L_ESC && *p != '\0') + if (*(p++) == L_ESC && p < ms->p_end) p++; /* skip escapes (e.g. `%]') */ } while (*p != ']'); return p+1; @@ -229,13 +269,14 @@ static int match_class (int c, int cl) { case 'a' : res = isalpha(c); break; case 'c' : res = iscntrl(c); break; case 'd' : res = isdigit(c); break; + case 'g' : res = isgraph(c); break; case 'l' : res = islower(c); break; case 'p' : res = ispunct(c); break; case 's' : res = isspace(c); break; case 'u' : res = isupper(c); break; case 'w' : res = isalnum(c); break; case 'x' : res = isxdigit(c); break; - case 'z' : res = (c == 0); break; + case 'z' : res = (c == 0); break; /* deprecated option */ default: return (cl == c); } return (islower(cl) ? res : !res); @@ -265,23 +306,27 @@ static int matchbracketclass (int c, const char *p, const char *ec) { } -static int singlematch (int c, const char *p, const char *ep) { - switch (*p) { - case '.': return 1; /* matches any char */ - case L_ESC: return match_class(c, uchar(*(p+1))); - case '[': return matchbracketclass(c, p, ep-1); - default: return (uchar(*p) == c); +static int singlematch (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p, + const char *ep) { + if (s >= ms->src_end) + return 0; + else { + int c = uchar(*s); + switch (*p) { + case '.': return 1; /* matches any char */ + case L_ESC: return match_class(c, uchar(*(p+1))); + case '[': return matchbracketclass(c, p, ep-1); + default: return (uchar(*p) == c); + } } } -static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p); - - static const char *matchbalance (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) { - if (*p == 0 || *(p+1) == 0) - luaL_error(ms->L, "unbalanced pattern"); + if (p >= ms->p_end - 1) + luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern " + "(missing arguments to " LUA_QL("%%b") ")"); if (*s != *p) return NULL; else { int b = *p; @@ -301,7 +346,7 @@ static const char *matchbalance (MatchState *ms, const char *s, static const char *max_expand (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p, const char *ep) { ptrdiff_t i = 0; /* counts maximum expand for item */ - while ((s+i)src_end && singlematch(uchar(*(s+i)), p, ep)) + while (singlematch(ms, s + i, p, ep)) i++; /* keeps trying to match with the maximum repetitions */ while (i>=0) { @@ -319,7 +364,7 @@ static const char *min_expand (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *res = match(ms, s, ep+1); if (res != NULL) return res; - else if (ssrc_end && singlematch(uchar(*s), p, ep)) + else if (singlematch(ms, s, p, ep)) s++; /* try with one more repetition */ else return NULL; } @@ -363,80 +408,105 @@ static const char *match_capture (MatchState *ms, const char *s, int l) { static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) { + if (ms->matchdepth-- == 0) + luaL_error(ms->L, "pattern too complex"); init: /* using goto's to optimize tail recursion */ - switch (*p) { - case '(': { /* start capture */ - if (*(p+1) == ')') /* position capture? */ - return start_capture(ms, s, p+2, CAP_POSITION); - else - return start_capture(ms, s, p+1, CAP_UNFINISHED); - } - case ')': { /* end capture */ - return end_capture(ms, s, p+1); - } - case L_ESC: { - switch (*(p+1)) { - case 'b': { /* balanced string? */ - s = matchbalance(ms, s, p+2); - if (s == NULL) return NULL; - p+=4; goto init; /* else return match(ms, s, p+4); */ - } - case 'f': { /* frontier? */ - const char *ep; char previous; - p += 2; - if (*p != '[') - luaL_error(ms->L, "missing " LUA_QL("[") " after " - LUA_QL("%%f") " in pattern"); - ep = classend(ms, p); /* points to what is next */ - previous = (s == ms->src_init) ? '\0' : *(s-1); - if (matchbracketclass(uchar(previous), p, ep-1) || - !matchbracketclass(uchar(*s), p, ep-1)) return NULL; - p=ep; goto init; /* else return match(ms, s, ep); */ - } - default: { - if (isdigit(uchar(*(p+1)))) { /* capture results (%0-%9)? */ - s = match_capture(ms, s, uchar(*(p+1))); - if (s == NULL) return NULL; - p+=2; goto init; /* else return match(ms, s, p+2) */ - } - goto dflt; /* case default */ - } + if (p != ms->p_end) { /* end of pattern? */ + switch (*p) { + case '(': { /* start capture */ + if (*(p + 1) == ')') /* position capture? */ + s = start_capture(ms, s, p + 2, CAP_POSITION); + else + s = start_capture(ms, s, p + 1, CAP_UNFINISHED); + break; } - } - case '\0': { /* end of pattern */ - return s; /* match succeeded */ - } - case '$': { - if (*(p+1) == '\0') /* is the `$' the last char in pattern? */ - return (s == ms->src_end) ? s : NULL; /* check end of string */ - else goto dflt; - } - default: dflt: { /* it is a pattern item */ - const char *ep = classend(ms, p); /* points to what is next */ - int m = ssrc_end && singlematch(uchar(*s), p, ep); - switch (*ep) { - case '?': { /* optional */ - const char *res; - if (m && ((res=match(ms, s+1, ep+1)) != NULL)) - return res; - p=ep+1; goto init; /* else return match(ms, s, ep+1); */ + case ')': { /* end capture */ + s = end_capture(ms, s, p + 1); + break; + } + case '$': { + if ((p + 1) != ms->p_end) /* is the `$' the last char in pattern? */ + goto dflt; /* no; go to default */ + s = (s == ms->src_end) ? s : NULL; /* check end of string */ + break; + } + case L_ESC: { /* escaped sequences not in the format class[*+?-]? */ + switch (*(p + 1)) { + case 'b': { /* balanced string? */ + s = matchbalance(ms, s, p + 2); + if (s != NULL) { + p += 4; goto init; /* return match(ms, s, p + 4); */ + } /* else fail (s == NULL) */ + break; + } + case 'f': { /* frontier? */ + const char *ep; char previous; + p += 2; + if (*p != '[') + luaL_error(ms->L, "missing " LUA_QL("[") " after " + LUA_QL("%%f") " in pattern"); + ep = classend(ms, p); /* points to what is next */ + previous = (s == ms->src_init) ? '\0' : *(s - 1); + if (!matchbracketclass(uchar(previous), p, ep - 1) && + matchbracketclass(uchar(*s), p, ep - 1)) { + p = ep; goto init; /* return match(ms, s, ep); */ + } + s = NULL; /* match failed */ + break; + } + case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': + case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': + case '8': case '9': { /* capture results (%0-%9)? */ + s = match_capture(ms, s, uchar(*(p + 1))); + if (s != NULL) { + p += 2; goto init; /* return match(ms, s, p + 2) */ + } + break; + } + default: goto dflt; } - case '*': { /* 0 or more repetitions */ - return max_expand(ms, s, p, ep); + break; + } + default: dflt: { /* pattern class plus optional suffix */ + const char *ep = classend(ms, p); /* points to optional suffix */ + /* does not match at least once? */ + if (!singlematch(ms, s, p, ep)) { + if (*ep == '*' || *ep == '?' || *ep == '-') { /* accept empty? */ + p = ep + 1; goto init; /* return match(ms, s, ep + 1); */ + } + else /* '+' or no suffix */ + s = NULL; /* fail */ } - case '+': { /* 1 or more repetitions */ - return (m ? max_expand(ms, s+1, p, ep) : NULL); - } - case '-': { /* 0 or more repetitions (minimum) */ - return min_expand(ms, s, p, ep); - } - default: { - if (!m) return NULL; - s++; p=ep; goto init; /* else return match(ms, s+1, ep); */ + else { /* matched once */ + switch (*ep) { /* handle optional suffix */ + case '?': { /* optional */ + const char *res; + if ((res = match(ms, s + 1, ep + 1)) != NULL) + s = res; + else { + p = ep + 1; goto init; /* else return match(ms, s, ep + 1); */ + } + break; + } + case '+': /* 1 or more repetitions */ + s++; /* 1 match already done */ + /* go through */ + case '*': /* 0 or more repetitions */ + s = max_expand(ms, s, p, ep); + break; + case '-': /* 0 or more repetitions (minimum) */ + s = min_expand(ms, s, p, ep); + break; + default: /* no suffix */ + s++; p = ep; goto init; /* return match(ms, s + 1, ep); */ + } } + break; } } } + ms->matchdepth++; + return s; } @@ -492,37 +562,58 @@ static int push_captures (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *e) { } +/* check whether pattern has no special characters */ +static int nospecials (const char *p, size_t l) { + size_t upto = 0; + do { + if (strpbrk(p + upto, SPECIALS)) + return 0; /* pattern has a special character */ + upto += strlen(p + upto) + 1; /* may have more after \0 */ + } while (upto <= l); + return 1; /* no special chars found */ +} + + static int str_find_aux (lua_State *L, int find) { - size_t l1, l2; - const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l1); - const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &l2); - ptrdiff_t init = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1), l1) - 1; - if (init < 0) init = 0; - else if ((size_t)(init) > l1) init = (ptrdiff_t)l1; - if (find && (lua_toboolean(L, 4) || /* explicit request? */ - strpbrk(p, SPECIALS) == NULL)) { /* or no special characters? */ + size_t ls, lp; + const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &ls); + const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp); + size_t init = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1), ls); + if (init < 1) init = 1; + else if (init > ls + 1) { /* start after string's end? */ + lua_pushnil(L); /* cannot find anything */ + return 1; + } + /* explicit request or no special characters? */ + if (find && (lua_toboolean(L, 4) || nospecials(p, lp))) { /* do a plain search */ - const char *s2 = lmemfind(s+init, l1-init, p, l2); + const char *s2 = lmemfind(s + init - 1, ls - init + 1, p, lp); if (s2) { - lua_pushinteger(L, s2-s+1); - lua_pushinteger(L, s2-s+l2); + lua_pushinteger(L, s2 - s + 1); + lua_pushinteger(L, s2 - s + lp); return 2; } } else { MatchState ms; - int anchor = (*p == '^') ? (p++, 1) : 0; - const char *s1=s+init; + const char *s1 = s + init - 1; + int anchor = (*p == '^'); + if (anchor) { + p++; lp--; /* skip anchor character */ + } ms.L = L; + ms.matchdepth = MAXCCALLS; ms.src_init = s; - ms.src_end = s+l1; + ms.src_end = s + ls; + ms.p_end = p + lp; do { const char *res; ms.level = 0; + lua_assert(ms.matchdepth == MAXCCALLS); if ((res=match(&ms, s1, p)) != NULL) { if (find) { - lua_pushinteger(L, s1-s+1); /* start */ - lua_pushinteger(L, res-s); /* end */ + lua_pushinteger(L, s1 - s + 1); /* start */ + lua_pushinteger(L, res - s); /* end */ return push_captures(&ms, NULL, 0) + 2; } else @@ -547,18 +638,21 @@ static int str_match (lua_State *L) { static int gmatch_aux (lua_State *L) { MatchState ms; - size_t ls; + size_t ls, lp; const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), &ls); - const char *p = lua_tostring(L, lua_upvalueindex(2)); + const char *p = lua_tolstring(L, lua_upvalueindex(2), &lp); const char *src; ms.L = L; + ms.matchdepth = MAXCCALLS; ms.src_init = s; ms.src_end = s+ls; + ms.p_end = p + lp; for (src = s + (size_t)lua_tointeger(L, lua_upvalueindex(3)); src <= ms.src_end; src++) { const char *e; ms.level = 0; + lua_assert(ms.matchdepth == MAXCCALLS); if ((e = match(&ms, src, p)) != NULL) { lua_Integer newstart = e-s; if (e == src) newstart++; /* empty match? go at least one position */ @@ -581,12 +675,6 @@ static int gmatch (lua_State *L) { } -static int gfind_nodef (lua_State *L) { - return luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("string.gfind") " was renamed to " - LUA_QL("string.gmatch")); -} - - static void add_s (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, const char *e) { size_t l, i; @@ -596,8 +684,12 @@ static void add_s (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, luaL_addchar(b, news[i]); else { i++; /* skip ESC */ - if (!isdigit(uchar(news[i]))) + if (!isdigit(uchar(news[i]))) { + if (news[i] != L_ESC) + luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid use of " LUA_QL("%c") + " in replacement string", L_ESC); luaL_addchar(b, news[i]); + } else if (news[i] == '0') luaL_addlstring(b, s, e - s); else { @@ -610,14 +702,9 @@ static void add_s (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, static void add_value (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, - const char *e) { + const char *e, int tr) { lua_State *L = ms->L; - switch (lua_type(L, 3)) { - case LUA_TNUMBER: - case LUA_TSTRING: { - add_s(ms, b, s, e); - return; - } + switch (tr) { case LUA_TFUNCTION: { int n; lua_pushvalue(L, 3); @@ -630,41 +717,51 @@ static void add_value (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, lua_gettable(L, 3); break; } + default: { /* LUA_TNUMBER or LUA_TSTRING */ + add_s(ms, b, s, e); + return; + } } if (!lua_toboolean(L, -1)) { /* nil or false? */ lua_pop(L, 1); lua_pushlstring(L, s, e - s); /* keep original text */ } else if (!lua_isstring(L, -1)) - luaL_error(L, "invalid replacement value (a %s)", luaL_typename(L, -1)); + luaL_error(L, "invalid replacement value (a %s)", luaL_typename(L, -1)); luaL_addvalue(b); /* add result to accumulator */ } static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) { - size_t srcl; + size_t srcl, lp; const char *src = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &srcl); - const char *p = luaL_checkstring(L, 2); - int tr = lua_type(L, 3); - int max_s = luaL_optint(L, 4, srcl+1); - int anchor = (*p == '^') ? (p++, 1) : 0; - int n = 0; + const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp); + int tr = lua_type(L, 3); + size_t max_s = luaL_optinteger(L, 4, srcl+1); + int anchor = (*p == '^'); + size_t n = 0; MatchState ms; luaL_Buffer b; luaL_argcheck(L, tr == LUA_TNUMBER || tr == LUA_TSTRING || tr == LUA_TFUNCTION || tr == LUA_TTABLE, 3, "string/function/table expected"); luaL_buffinit(L, &b); + if (anchor) { + p++; lp--; /* skip anchor character */ + } ms.L = L; + ms.matchdepth = MAXCCALLS; ms.src_init = src; ms.src_end = src+srcl; + ms.p_end = p + lp; while (n < max_s) { const char *e; ms.level = 0; + lua_assert(ms.matchdepth == MAXCCALLS); e = match(&ms, src, p); if (e) { n++; - add_value(&ms, &b, src, e); + add_value(&ms, &b, src, e, tr); } if (e && e>src) /* non empty match? */ src = e; /* skip it */ @@ -682,6 +779,46 @@ static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) { /* }====================================================== */ + +/* +** {====================================================== +** STRING FORMAT +** ======================================================= +*/ + +/* +** LUA_INTFRMLEN is the length modifier for integer conversions in +** 'string.format'; LUA_INTFRM_T is the integer type corresponding to +** the previous length +*/ +#if !defined(LUA_INTFRMLEN) /* { */ +#if defined(LUA_USE_LONGLONG) + +#define LUA_INTFRMLEN "ll" +#define LUA_INTFRM_T long long + +#else + +#define LUA_INTFRMLEN "l" +#define LUA_INTFRM_T long + +#endif +#endif /* } */ + + +/* +** LUA_FLTFRMLEN is the length modifier for float conversions in +** 'string.format'; LUA_FLTFRM_T is the float type corresponding to +** the previous length +*/ +#if !defined(LUA_FLTFRMLEN) + +#define LUA_FLTFRMLEN "" +#define LUA_FLTFRM_T double + +#endif + + /* maximum size of each formatted item (> len(format('%99.99f', -1e308))) */ #define MAX_ITEM 512 /* valid flags in a format specification */ @@ -698,25 +835,20 @@ static void addquoted (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) { const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &l); luaL_addchar(b, '"'); while (l--) { - switch (*s) { - case '"': case '\\': case '\n': { - luaL_addchar(b, '\\'); - luaL_addchar(b, *s); - break; - } - case '\r': { - luaL_addlstring(b, "\\r", 2); - break; - } - case '\0': { - luaL_addlstring(b, "\\000", 4); - break; - } - default: { - luaL_addchar(b, *s); - break; - } + if (*s == '"' || *s == '\\' || *s == '\n') { + luaL_addchar(b, '\\'); + luaL_addchar(b, *s); } + else if (*s == '\0' || iscntrl(uchar(*s))) { + char buff[10]; + if (!isdigit(uchar(*(s+1)))) + sprintf(buff, "\\%d", (int)uchar(*s)); + else + sprintf(buff, "\\%03d", (int)uchar(*s)); + luaL_addstring(b, buff); + } + else + luaL_addchar(b, *s); s++; } luaL_addchar(b, '"'); @@ -725,7 +857,7 @@ static void addquoted (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) { static const char *scanformat (lua_State *L, const char *strfrmt, char *form) { const char *p = strfrmt; while (*p != '\0' && strchr(FLAGS, *p) != NULL) p++; /* skip flags */ - if ((size_t)(p - strfrmt) >= sizeof(FLAGS)) + if ((size_t)(p - strfrmt) >= sizeof(FLAGS)/sizeof(char)) luaL_error(L, "invalid format (repeated flags)"); if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) p++; /* skip width */ if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) p++; /* (2 digits at most) */ @@ -737,19 +869,23 @@ static const char *scanformat (lua_State *L, const char *strfrmt, char *form) { if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) luaL_error(L, "invalid format (width or precision too long)"); *(form++) = '%'; - strncpy(form, strfrmt, p - strfrmt + 1); + memcpy(form, strfrmt, (p - strfrmt + 1) * sizeof(char)); form += p - strfrmt + 1; *form = '\0'; return p; } -static void addintlen (char *form) { +/* +** add length modifier into formats +*/ +static void addlenmod (char *form, const char *lenmod) { size_t l = strlen(form); + size_t lm = strlen(lenmod); char spec = form[l - 1]; - strcpy(form + l - 1, LUA_INTFRMLEN); - form[l + sizeof(LUA_INTFRMLEN) - 2] = spec; - form[l + sizeof(LUA_INTFRMLEN) - 1] = '\0'; + strcpy(form + l - 1, lenmod); + form[l + lm - 1] = spec; + form[l + lm] = '\0'; } @@ -768,46 +904,61 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) { luaL_addchar(&b, *strfrmt++); /* %% */ else { /* format item */ char form[MAX_FORMAT]; /* to store the format (`%...') */ - char buff[MAX_ITEM]; /* to store the formatted item */ + char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, MAX_ITEM); /* to put formatted item */ + int nb = 0; /* number of bytes in added item */ if (++arg > top) luaL_argerror(L, arg, "no value"); strfrmt = scanformat(L, strfrmt, form); switch (*strfrmt++) { case 'c': { - sprintf(buff, form, (int)luaL_checknumber(L, arg)); + nb = sprintf(buff, form, luaL_checkint(L, arg)); break; } - case 'd': case 'i': { - addintlen(form); - sprintf(buff, form, (LUA_INTFRM_T)luaL_checknumber(L, arg)); + case 'd': case 'i': { + lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg); + LUA_INTFRM_T ni = (LUA_INTFRM_T)n; + lua_Number diff = n - (lua_Number)ni; + luaL_argcheck(L, -1 < diff && diff < 1, arg, + "not a number in proper range"); + addlenmod(form, LUA_INTFRMLEN); + nb = sprintf(buff, form, ni); break; } - case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': { - addintlen(form); - sprintf(buff, form, (unsigned LUA_INTFRM_T)luaL_checknumber(L, arg)); + case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': { + lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg); + unsigned LUA_INTFRM_T ni = (unsigned LUA_INTFRM_T)n; + lua_Number diff = n - (lua_Number)ni; + luaL_argcheck(L, -1 < diff && diff < 1, arg, + "not a non-negative number in proper range"); + addlenmod(form, LUA_INTFRMLEN); + nb = sprintf(buff, form, ni); break; } - case 'e': case 'E': case 'f': + case 'e': case 'E': case 'f': +#if defined(LUA_USE_AFORMAT) + case 'a': case 'A': +#endif case 'g': case 'G': { - sprintf(buff, form, (double)luaL_checknumber(L, arg)); + addlenmod(form, LUA_FLTFRMLEN); + nb = sprintf(buff, form, (LUA_FLTFRM_T)luaL_checknumber(L, arg)); break; } case 'q': { addquoted(L, &b, arg); - continue; /* skip the 'addsize' at the end */ + break; } case 's': { size_t l; - const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &l); + const char *s = luaL_tolstring(L, arg, &l); if (!strchr(form, '.') && l >= 100) { /* no precision and string is too long to be formatted; keep original string */ - lua_pushvalue(L, arg); luaL_addvalue(&b); - continue; /* skip the `addsize' at the end */ + break; } else { - sprintf(buff, form, s); + nb = sprintf(buff, form, s); + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove result from 'luaL_tolstring' */ break; } } @@ -816,13 +967,15 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) { LUA_QL("format"), *(strfrmt - 1)); } } - luaL_addlstring(&b, buff, strlen(buff)); + luaL_addsize(&b, nb); } } luaL_pushresult(&b); return 1; } +/* }====================================================== */ + static const luaL_Reg strlib[] = { {"byte", str_byte}, @@ -830,7 +983,6 @@ static const luaL_Reg strlib[] = { {"dump", str_dump}, {"find", str_find}, {"format", str_format}, - {"gfind", gfind_nodef}, {"gmatch", gmatch}, {"gsub", str_gsub}, {"len", str_len}, @@ -845,13 +997,13 @@ static const luaL_Reg strlib[] = { static void createmetatable (lua_State *L) { - lua_createtable(L, 0, 1); /* create metatable for strings */ + lua_createtable(L, 0, 1); /* table to be metatable for strings */ lua_pushliteral(L, ""); /* dummy string */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -2); - lua_setmetatable(L, -2); /* set string metatable */ + lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* copy table */ + lua_setmetatable(L, -2); /* set table as metatable for strings */ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop dummy string */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* string library... */ - lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index"); /* ...is the __index metamethod */ + lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* get string library */ + lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index"); /* metatable.__index = string */ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop metatable */ } @@ -859,12 +1011,8 @@ static void createmetatable (lua_State *L) { /* ** Open string library */ -LUALIB_API int luaopen_string (lua_State *L) { - luaL_register(L, LUA_STRLIBNAME, strlib); -#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_GFIND) - lua_getfield(L, -1, "gmatch"); - lua_setfield(L, -2, "gfind"); -#endif +LUAMOD_API int luaopen_string (lua_State *L) { + luaL_newlib(L, strlib); createmetatable(L); return 1; } diff --git a/lua/src/ltable.c b/lua/src/ltable.c index ec84f4fa..5d76f97e 100644 --- a/lua/src/ltable.c +++ b/lua/src/ltable.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ltable.c,v 2.32.1.2 2007/12/28 15:32:23 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ltable.c,v 2.72.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Lua tables (hash) ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ ** Hence even when the load factor reaches 100%, performance remains good. */ -#include #include #define ltable_c @@ -32,14 +31,16 @@ #include "lmem.h" #include "lobject.h" #include "lstate.h" +#include "lstring.h" #include "ltable.h" +#include "lvm.h" /* ** max size of array part is 2^MAXBITS */ -#if LUAI_BITSINT > 26 -#define MAXBITS 26 +#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32 +#define MAXBITS 30 #else #define MAXBITS (LUAI_BITSINT-2) #endif @@ -47,10 +48,10 @@ #define MAXASIZE (1 << MAXBITS) -#define hashpow2(t,n) (gnode(t, lmod((n), sizenode(t)))) - -#define hashstr(t,str) hashpow2(t, (str)->tsv.hash) -#define hashboolean(t,p) hashpow2(t, p) +#define hashpow2(t,n) (gnode(t, lmod((n), sizenode(t)))) + +#define hashstr(t,str) hashpow2(t, (str)->tsv.hash) +#define hashboolean(t,p) hashpow2(t, p) /* @@ -63,18 +64,13 @@ #define hashpointer(t,p) hashmod(t, IntPoint(p)) -/* -** number of ints inside a lua_Number -*/ -#define numints cast_int(sizeof(lua_Number)/sizeof(int)) - - - #define dummynode (&dummynode_) +#define isdummy(n) ((n) == dummynode) + static const Node dummynode_ = { - {{NULL}, LUA_TNIL}, /* value */ - {{{NULL}, LUA_TNIL, NULL}} /* key */ + {NILCONSTANT}, /* value */ + {{NILCONSTANT, NULL}} /* key */ }; @@ -82,13 +78,14 @@ static const Node dummynode_ = { ** hash for lua_Numbers */ static Node *hashnum (const Table *t, lua_Number n) { - unsigned int a[numints]; int i; - if (luai_numeq(n, 0)) /* avoid problems with -0 */ - return gnode(t, 0); - memcpy(a, &n, sizeof(a)); - for (i = 1; i < numints; i++) a[0] += a[i]; - return hashmod(t, a[0]); + luai_hashnum(i, n); + if (i < 0) { + if (cast(unsigned int, i) == 0u - i) /* use unsigned to avoid overflows */ + i = 0; /* handle INT_MIN */ + i = -i; /* must be a positive value */ + } + return hashmod(t, i); } @@ -101,12 +98,22 @@ static Node *mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key) { switch (ttype(key)) { case LUA_TNUMBER: return hashnum(t, nvalue(key)); - case LUA_TSTRING: + case LUA_TLNGSTR: { + TString *s = rawtsvalue(key); + if (s->tsv.extra == 0) { /* no hash? */ + s->tsv.hash = luaS_hash(getstr(s), s->tsv.len, s->tsv.hash); + s->tsv.extra = 1; /* now it has its hash */ + } + return hashstr(t, rawtsvalue(key)); + } + case LUA_TSHRSTR: return hashstr(t, rawtsvalue(key)); case LUA_TBOOLEAN: return hashboolean(t, bvalue(key)); case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return hashpointer(t, pvalue(key)); + case LUA_TLCF: + return hashpointer(t, fvalue(key)); default: return hashpointer(t, gcvalue(key)); } @@ -132,7 +139,7 @@ static int arrayindex (const TValue *key) { /* ** returns the index of a `key' for table traversals. First goes all ** elements in the array part, then elements in the hash part. The -** beginning of a traversal is signalled by -1. +** beginning of a traversal is signaled by -1. */ static int findindex (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key) { int i; @@ -142,19 +149,19 @@ static int findindex (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key) { return i-1; /* yes; that's the index (corrected to C) */ else { Node *n = mainposition(t, key); - do { /* check whether `key' is somewhere in the chain */ + for (;;) { /* check whether `key' is somewhere in the chain */ /* key may be dead already, but it is ok to use it in `next' */ - if (luaO_rawequalObj(key2tval(n), key) || - (ttype(gkey(n)) == LUA_TDEADKEY && iscollectable(key) && - gcvalue(gkey(n)) == gcvalue(key))) { + if (luaV_rawequalobj(gkey(n), key) || + (ttisdeadkey(gkey(n)) && iscollectable(key) && + deadvalue(gkey(n)) == gcvalue(key))) { i = cast_int(n - gnode(t, 0)); /* key index in hash table */ /* hash elements are numbered after array ones */ return i + t->sizearray; } else n = gnext(n); - } while (n); - luaG_runerror(L, "invalid key to " LUA_QL("next")); /* key not found */ - return 0; /* to avoid warnings */ + if (n == NULL) + luaG_runerror(L, "invalid key to " LUA_QL("next")); /* key not found */ + } } } @@ -170,7 +177,7 @@ int luaH_next (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key) { } for (i -= t->sizearray; i < sizenode(t); i++) { /* then hash part */ if (!ttisnil(gval(gnode(t, i)))) { /* a non-nil value? */ - setobj2s(L, key, key2tval(gnode(t, i))); + setobj2s(L, key, gkey(gnode(t, i))); setobj2s(L, key+1, gval(gnode(t, i))); return 1; } @@ -211,7 +218,7 @@ static int computesizes (int nums[], int *narray) { static int countint (const TValue *key, int *nums) { int k = arrayindex(key); if (0 < k && k <= MAXASIZE) { /* is `key' an appropriate array index? */ - nums[ceillog2(k)]++; /* count as such */ + nums[luaO_ceillog2(k)]++; /* count as such */ return 1; } else @@ -251,7 +258,7 @@ static int numusehash (const Table *t, int *nums, int *pnasize) { while (i--) { Node *n = &t->node[i]; if (!ttisnil(gval(n))) { - ause += countint(key2tval(n), nums); + ause += countint(gkey(n), nums); totaluse++; } } @@ -277,7 +284,7 @@ static void setnodevector (lua_State *L, Table *t, int size) { } else { int i; - lsize = ceillog2(size); + lsize = luaO_ceillog2(size); if (lsize > MAXBITS) luaG_runerror(L, "table overflow"); size = twoto(lsize); @@ -294,7 +301,7 @@ static void setnodevector (lua_State *L, Table *t, int size) { } -static void resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize, int nhsize) { +void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize, int nhsize) { int i; int oldasize = t->sizearray; int oldhsize = t->lsizenode; @@ -302,13 +309,13 @@ static void resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize, int nhsize) { if (nasize > oldasize) /* array part must grow? */ setarrayvector(L, t, nasize); /* create new hash part with appropriate size */ - setnodevector(L, t, nhsize); + setnodevector(L, t, nhsize); if (nasize < oldasize) { /* array part must shrink? */ t->sizearray = nasize; /* re-insert elements from vanishing slice */ for (i=nasize; iarray[i])) - setobjt2t(L, luaH_setnum(L, t, i+1), &t->array[i]); + luaH_setint(L, t, i + 1, &t->array[i]); } /* shrink array */ luaM_reallocvector(L, t->array, oldasize, nasize, TValue); @@ -316,23 +323,26 @@ static void resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize, int nhsize) { /* re-insert elements from hash part */ for (i = twoto(oldhsize) - 1; i >= 0; i--) { Node *old = nold+i; - if (!ttisnil(gval(old))) - setobjt2t(L, luaH_set(L, t, key2tval(old)), gval(old)); + if (!ttisnil(gval(old))) { + /* doesn't need barrier/invalidate cache, as entry was + already present in the table */ + setobjt2t(L, luaH_set(L, t, gkey(old)), gval(old)); + } } - if (nold != dummynode) - luaM_freearray(L, nold, twoto(oldhsize), Node); /* free old array */ + if (!isdummy(nold)) + luaM_freearray(L, nold, cast(size_t, twoto(oldhsize))); /* free old array */ } void luaH_resizearray (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize) { - int nsize = (t->node == dummynode) ? 0 : sizenode(t); - resize(L, t, nasize, nsize); + int nsize = isdummy(t->node) ? 0 : sizenode(t); + luaH_resize(L, t, nasize, nsize); } static void rehash (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *ek) { int nasize, na; - int nums[MAXBITS+1]; /* nums[i] = number of keys between 2^(i-1) and 2^i */ + int nums[MAXBITS+1]; /* nums[i] = number of keys with 2^(i-1) < k <= 2^i */ int i; int totaluse; for (i=0; i<=MAXBITS; i++) nums[i] = 0; /* reset counts */ @@ -345,7 +355,7 @@ static void rehash (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *ek) { /* compute new size for array part */ na = computesizes(nums, &nasize); /* resize the table to new computed sizes */ - resize(L, t, nasize, totaluse - na); + luaH_resize(L, t, nasize, totaluse - na); } @@ -355,32 +365,28 @@ static void rehash (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *ek) { */ -Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L, int narray, int nhash) { - Table *t = luaM_new(L, Table); - luaC_link(L, obj2gco(t), LUA_TTABLE); +Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L) { + Table *t = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TTABLE, sizeof(Table), NULL, 0)->h; t->metatable = NULL; t->flags = cast_byte(~0); - /* temporary values (kept only if some malloc fails) */ t->array = NULL; t->sizearray = 0; - t->lsizenode = 0; - t->node = cast(Node *, dummynode); - setarrayvector(L, t, narray); - setnodevector(L, t, nhash); + setnodevector(L, t, 0); return t; } void luaH_free (lua_State *L, Table *t) { - if (t->node != dummynode) - luaM_freearray(L, t->node, sizenode(t), Node); - luaM_freearray(L, t->array, t->sizearray, TValue); + if (!isdummy(t->node)) + luaM_freearray(L, t->node, cast(size_t, sizenode(t))); + luaM_freearray(L, t->array, t->sizearray); luaM_free(L, t); } static Node *getfreepos (Table *t) { - while (t->lastfree-- > t->node) { + while (t->lastfree > t->node) { + t->lastfree--; if (ttisnil(gkey(t->lastfree))) return t->lastfree; } @@ -390,23 +396,28 @@ static Node *getfreepos (Table *t) { /* -** inserts a new key into a hash table; first, check whether key's main -** position is free. If not, check whether colliding node is in its main -** position or not: if it is not, move colliding node to an empty place and -** put new key in its main position; otherwise (colliding node is in its main -** position), new key goes to an empty position. +** inserts a new key into a hash table; first, check whether key's main +** position is free. If not, check whether colliding node is in its main +** position or not: if it is not, move colliding node to an empty place and +** put new key in its main position; otherwise (colliding node is in its main +** position), new key goes to an empty position. */ -static TValue *newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { - Node *mp = mainposition(t, key); - if (!ttisnil(gval(mp)) || mp == dummynode) { +TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { + Node *mp; + if (ttisnil(key)) luaG_runerror(L, "table index is nil"); + else if (ttisnumber(key) && luai_numisnan(L, nvalue(key))) + luaG_runerror(L, "table index is NaN"); + mp = mainposition(t, key); + if (!ttisnil(gval(mp)) || isdummy(mp)) { /* main position is taken? */ Node *othern; Node *n = getfreepos(t); /* get a free place */ if (n == NULL) { /* cannot find a free place? */ rehash(L, t, key); /* grow table */ - return luaH_set(L, t, key); /* re-insert key into grown table */ + /* whatever called 'newkey' take care of TM cache and GC barrier */ + return luaH_set(L, t, key); /* insert key into grown table */ } - lua_assert(n != dummynode); - othern = mainposition(t, key2tval(mp)); + lua_assert(!isdummy(n)); + othern = mainposition(t, gkey(mp)); if (othern != mp) { /* is colliding node out of its main position? */ /* yes; move colliding node into free position */ while (gnext(othern) != mp) othern = gnext(othern); /* find previous */ @@ -422,8 +433,8 @@ static TValue *newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { mp = n; } } - gkey(mp)->value = key->value; gkey(mp)->tt = key->tt; - luaC_barriert(L, t, key); + setobj2t(L, gkey(mp), key); + luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), key); lua_assert(ttisnil(gval(mp))); return gval(mp); } @@ -432,7 +443,7 @@ static TValue *newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { /* ** search function for integers */ -const TValue *luaH_getnum (Table *t, int key) { +const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, int key) { /* (1 <= key && key <= t->sizearray) */ if (cast(unsigned int, key-1) < cast(unsigned int, t->sizearray)) return &t->array[key-1]; @@ -450,12 +461,13 @@ const TValue *luaH_getnum (Table *t, int key) { /* -** search function for strings +** search function for short strings */ const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) { Node *n = hashstr(t, key); + lua_assert(key->tsv.tt == LUA_TSHRSTR); do { /* check whether `key' is somewhere in the chain */ - if (ttisstring(gkey(n)) && rawtsvalue(gkey(n)) == key) + if (ttisshrstring(gkey(n)) && eqshrstr(rawtsvalue(gkey(n)), key)) return gval(n); /* that's it */ else n = gnext(n); } while (n); @@ -468,20 +480,20 @@ const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) { */ const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key) { switch (ttype(key)) { + case LUA_TSHRSTR: return luaH_getstr(t, rawtsvalue(key)); case LUA_TNIL: return luaO_nilobject; - case LUA_TSTRING: return luaH_getstr(t, rawtsvalue(key)); case LUA_TNUMBER: { int k; lua_Number n = nvalue(key); lua_number2int(k, n); - if (luai_numeq(cast_num(k), nvalue(key))) /* index is int? */ - return luaH_getnum(t, k); /* use specialized version */ + if (luai_numeq(cast_num(k), n)) /* index is int? */ + return luaH_getint(t, k); /* use specialized version */ /* else go through */ } default: { Node *n = mainposition(t, key); do { /* check whether `key' is somewhere in the chain */ - if (luaO_rawequalObj(key2tval(n), key)) + if (luaV_rawequalobj(gkey(n), key)) return gval(n); /* that's it */ else n = gnext(n); } while (n); @@ -491,41 +503,29 @@ const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key) { } +/* +** beware: when using this function you probably need to check a GC +** barrier and invalidate the TM cache. +*/ TValue *luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { const TValue *p = luaH_get(t, key); - t->flags = 0; if (p != luaO_nilobject) return cast(TValue *, p); - else { - if (ttisnil(key)) luaG_runerror(L, "table index is nil"); - else if (ttisnumber(key) && luai_numisnan(nvalue(key))) - luaG_runerror(L, "table index is NaN"); - return newkey(L, t, key); - } + else return luaH_newkey(L, t, key); } -TValue *luaH_setnum (lua_State *L, Table *t, int key) { - const TValue *p = luaH_getnum(t, key); +void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, int key, TValue *value) { + const TValue *p = luaH_getint(t, key); + TValue *cell; if (p != luaO_nilobject) - return cast(TValue *, p); + cell = cast(TValue *, p); else { TValue k; setnvalue(&k, cast_num(key)); - return newkey(L, t, &k); - } -} - - -TValue *luaH_setstr (lua_State *L, Table *t, TString *key) { - const TValue *p = luaH_getstr(t, key); - if (p != luaO_nilobject) - return cast(TValue *, p); - else { - TValue k; - setsvalue(L, &k, key); - return newkey(L, t, &k); + cell = luaH_newkey(L, t, &k); } + setobj2t(L, cell, value); } @@ -533,20 +533,20 @@ static int unbound_search (Table *t, unsigned int j) { unsigned int i = j; /* i is zero or a present index */ j++; /* find `i' and `j' such that i is present and j is not */ - while (!ttisnil(luaH_getnum(t, j))) { + while (!ttisnil(luaH_getint(t, j))) { i = j; j *= 2; if (j > cast(unsigned int, MAX_INT)) { /* overflow? */ /* table was built with bad purposes: resort to linear search */ i = 1; - while (!ttisnil(luaH_getnum(t, i))) i++; + while (!ttisnil(luaH_getint(t, i))) i++; return i - 1; } } /* now do a binary search between them */ while (j - i > 1) { unsigned int m = (i+j)/2; - if (ttisnil(luaH_getnum(t, m))) j = m; + if (ttisnil(luaH_getint(t, m))) j = m; else i = m; } return i; @@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ int luaH_getn (Table *t) { return i; } /* else must find a boundary in hash part */ - else if (t->node == dummynode) /* hash part is empty? */ + else if (isdummy(t->node)) /* hash part is empty? */ return j; /* that is easy... */ else return unbound_search(t, j); } @@ -583,6 +583,6 @@ Node *luaH_mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key) { return mainposition(t, key); } -int luaH_isdummy (Node *n) { return n == dummynode; } +int luaH_isdummy (Node *n) { return isdummy(n); } #endif diff --git a/lua/src/ltable.h b/lua/src/ltable.h index f5b9d5ea..d69449b2 100644 --- a/lua/src/ltable.h +++ b/lua/src/ltable.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ltable.h,v 2.10.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ltable.h,v 2.16.1.2 2013/08/30 15:49:41 roberto Exp $ ** Lua tables (hash) ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -11,20 +11,25 @@ #define gnode(t,i) (&(t)->node[i]) -#define gkey(n) (&(n)->i_key.nk) +#define gkey(n) (&(n)->i_key.tvk) #define gval(n) (&(n)->i_val) #define gnext(n) ((n)->i_key.nk.next) -#define key2tval(n) (&(n)->i_key.tvk) +#define invalidateTMcache(t) ((t)->flags = 0) + +/* returns the key, given the value of a table entry */ +#define keyfromval(v) \ + (gkey(cast(Node *, cast(char *, (v)) - offsetof(Node, i_val)))) -LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getnum (Table *t, int key); -LUAI_FUNC TValue *luaH_setnum (lua_State *L, Table *t, int key); +LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, int key); +LUAI_FUNC void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, int key, TValue *value); LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key); -LUAI_FUNC TValue *luaH_setstr (lua_State *L, Table *t, TString *key); LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key); +LUAI_FUNC TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key); LUAI_FUNC TValue *luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key); -LUAI_FUNC Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L, int narray, int lnhash); +LUAI_FUNC Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L); +LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize, int nhsize); LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resizearray (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize); LUAI_FUNC void luaH_free (lua_State *L, Table *t); LUAI_FUNC int luaH_next (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key); diff --git a/lua/src/ltablib.c b/lua/src/ltablib.c index b6d9cb4a..6001224e 100644 --- a/lua/src/ltablib.c +++ b/lua/src/ltablib.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ltablib.c,v 1.38.1.3 2008/02/14 16:46:58 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ltablib.c,v 1.65.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Library for Table Manipulation ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -16,43 +16,11 @@ #include "lualib.h" -#define aux_getn(L,n) (luaL_checktype(L, n, LUA_TTABLE), luaL_getn(L, n)) +#define aux_getn(L,n) (luaL_checktype(L, n, LUA_TTABLE), luaL_len(L, n)) -static int foreachi (lua_State *L) { - int i; - int n = aux_getn(L, 1); - luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION); - for (i=1; i <= n; i++) { - lua_pushvalue(L, 2); /* function */ - lua_pushinteger(L, i); /* 1st argument */ - lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i); /* 2nd argument */ - lua_call(L, 2, 1); - if (!lua_isnil(L, -1)) - return 1; - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove nil result */ - } - return 0; -} - - -static int foreach (lua_State *L) { - luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); - luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION); - lua_pushnil(L); /* first key */ - while (lua_next(L, 1)) { - lua_pushvalue(L, 2); /* function */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -3); /* key */ - lua_pushvalue(L, -3); /* value */ - lua_call(L, 2, 1); - if (!lua_isnil(L, -1)) - return 1; - lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove value and result */ - } - return 0; -} - +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MAXN) static int maxn (lua_State *L) { lua_Number max = 0; luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); @@ -67,24 +35,7 @@ static int maxn (lua_State *L) { lua_pushnumber(L, max); return 1; } - - -static int getn (lua_State *L) { - lua_pushinteger(L, aux_getn(L, 1)); - return 1; -} - - -static int setn (lua_State *L) { - luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); -#ifndef luaL_setn - luaL_setn(L, 1, luaL_checkint(L, 2)); -#else - luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("setn") " is obsolete"); #endif - lua_pushvalue(L, 1); - return 1; -} static int tinsert (lua_State *L) { @@ -98,7 +49,7 @@ static int tinsert (lua_State *L) { case 3: { int i; pos = luaL_checkint(L, 2); /* 2nd argument is the position */ - if (pos > e) e = pos; /* `grow' array if necessary */ + luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= pos && pos <= e, 2, "position out of bounds"); for (i = e; i > pos; i--) { /* move up elements */ lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i-1); lua_rawseti(L, 1, i); /* t[i] = t[i-1] */ @@ -109,25 +60,23 @@ static int tinsert (lua_State *L) { return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments to " LUA_QL("insert")); } } - luaL_setn(L, 1, e); /* new size */ lua_rawseti(L, 1, pos); /* t[pos] = v */ return 0; } static int tremove (lua_State *L) { - int e = aux_getn(L, 1); - int pos = luaL_optint(L, 2, e); - if (!(1 <= pos && pos <= e)) /* position is outside bounds? */ - return 0; /* nothing to remove */ - luaL_setn(L, 1, e - 1); /* t.n = n-1 */ + int size = aux_getn(L, 1); + int pos = luaL_optint(L, 2, size); + if (pos != size) /* validate 'pos' if given */ + luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= pos && pos <= size + 1, 1, "position out of bounds"); lua_rawgeti(L, 1, pos); /* result = t[pos] */ - for ( ;pos 0) { /* at least one element? */ + int i; + lua_pushvalue(L, 1); + lua_rawseti(L, -2, 1); /* insert first element */ + lua_replace(L, 1); /* move table into index 1 */ + for (i = n; i >= 2; i--) /* assign other elements */ + lua_rawseti(L, 1, i); + } + return 1; /* return table */ +} + + +static int unpack (lua_State *L) { + int i, e, n; + luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); + i = luaL_optint(L, 2, 1); + e = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkint, 3, luaL_len(L, 1)); + if (i > e) return 0; /* empty range */ + n = e - i + 1; /* number of elements */ + if (n <= 0 || !lua_checkstack(L, n)) /* n <= 0 means arith. overflow */ + return luaL_error(L, "too many results to unpack"); + lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i); /* push arg[i] (avoiding overflow problems) */ + while (i++ < e) /* push arg[i + 1...e] */ + lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i); + return n; +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + /* ** {====================================================== ** Quicksort ** (based on `Algorithms in MODULA-3', Robert Sedgewick; ** Addison-Wesley, 1993.) +** ======================================================= */ @@ -187,7 +178,7 @@ static int sort_comp (lua_State *L, int a, int b) { return res; } else /* a < b? */ - return lua_lessthan(L, a, b); + return lua_compare(L, a, b, LUA_OPLT); } static void auxsort (lua_State *L, int l, int u) { @@ -224,12 +215,12 @@ static void auxsort (lua_State *L, int l, int u) { for (;;) { /* invariant: a[l..i] <= P <= a[j..u] */ /* repeat ++i until a[i] >= P */ while (lua_rawgeti(L, 1, ++i), sort_comp(L, -1, -2)) { - if (i>u) luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting"); + if (i>=u) luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting"); lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove a[i] */ } /* repeat --j until a[j] <= P */ while (lua_rawgeti(L, 1, --j), sort_comp(L, -3, -1)) { - if (jmetatable; break; @@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ const TValue *luaT_gettmbyobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, TMS event) { mt = uvalue(o)->metatable; break; default: - mt = G(L)->mt[ttype(o)]; + mt = G(L)->mt[ttypenv(o)]; } return (mt ? luaH_getstr(mt, G(L)->tmname[event]) : luaO_nilobject); } diff --git a/lua/src/ltm.h b/lua/src/ltm.h index 64343b78..7f89c841 100644 --- a/lua/src/ltm.h +++ b/lua/src/ltm.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: ltm.h,v 2.6.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: ltm.h,v 2.11.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Tag methods ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ typedef enum { TM_NEWINDEX, TM_GC, TM_MODE, + TM_LEN, TM_EQ, /* last tag method with `fast' access */ TM_ADD, TM_SUB, @@ -28,7 +29,6 @@ typedef enum { TM_MOD, TM_POW, TM_UNM, - TM_LEN, TM_LT, TM_LE, TM_CONCAT, @@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ typedef enum { #define fasttm(l,et,e) gfasttm(G(l), et, e) -LUAI_DATA const char *const luaT_typenames[]; +#define ttypename(x) luaT_typenames_[(x) + 1] +#define objtypename(x) ttypename(ttypenv(x)) + +LUAI_DDEC const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTAGS]; LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaT_gettm (Table *events, TMS event, TString *ename); diff --git a/lua/src/lua.c b/lua/src/lua.c index 3a466093..4345e554 100644 --- a/lua/src/lua.c +++ b/lua/src/lua.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lua.c,v 1.160.1.2 2007/12/28 15:32:23 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lua.c,v 1.206.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Lua stand-alone interpreter ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -18,6 +18,72 @@ #include "lualib.h" +#if !defined(LUA_PROMPT) +#define LUA_PROMPT "> " +#define LUA_PROMPT2 ">> " +#endif + +#if !defined(LUA_PROGNAME) +#define LUA_PROGNAME "lua" +#endif + +#if !defined(LUA_MAXINPUT) +#define LUA_MAXINPUT 512 +#endif + +#if !defined(LUA_INIT) +#define LUA_INIT "LUA_INIT" +#endif + +#define LUA_INITVERSION \ + LUA_INIT "_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR + + +/* +** lua_stdin_is_tty detects whether the standard input is a 'tty' (that +** is, whether we're running lua interactively). +*/ +#if defined(LUA_USE_ISATTY) +#include +#define lua_stdin_is_tty() isatty(0) +#elif defined(LUA_WIN) +#include +#include +#define lua_stdin_is_tty() _isatty(_fileno(stdin)) +#else +#define lua_stdin_is_tty() 1 /* assume stdin is a tty */ +#endif + + +/* +** lua_readline defines how to show a prompt and then read a line from +** the standard input. +** lua_saveline defines how to "save" a read line in a "history". +** lua_freeline defines how to free a line read by lua_readline. +*/ +#if defined(LUA_USE_READLINE) + +#include +#include +#include +#define lua_readline(L,b,p) ((void)L, ((b)=readline(p)) != NULL) +#define lua_saveline(L,idx) \ + if (lua_rawlen(L,idx) > 0) /* non-empty line? */ \ + add_history(lua_tostring(L, idx)); /* add it to history */ +#define lua_freeline(L,b) ((void)L, free(b)) + +#elif !defined(lua_readline) + +#define lua_readline(L,b,p) \ + ((void)L, fputs(p, stdout), fflush(stdout), /* show prompt */ \ + fgets(b, LUA_MAXINPUT, stdin) != NULL) /* get line */ +#define lua_saveline(L,idx) { (void)L; (void)idx; } +#define lua_freeline(L,b) { (void)L; (void)b; } + +#endif + + + static lua_State *globalL = NULL; @@ -39,77 +105,87 @@ static void laction (int i) { } -static void print_usage (void) { - fprintf(stderr, - "usage: %s [options] [script [args]].\n" +static void print_usage (const char *badoption) { + luai_writestringerror("%s: ", progname); + if (badoption[1] == 'e' || badoption[1] == 'l') + luai_writestringerror("'%s' needs argument\n", badoption); + else + luai_writestringerror("unrecognized option '%s'\n", badoption); + luai_writestringerror( + "usage: %s [options] [script [args]]\n" "Available options are:\n" " -e stat execute string " LUA_QL("stat") "\n" - " -l name require library " LUA_QL("name") "\n" " -i enter interactive mode after executing " LUA_QL("script") "\n" + " -l name require library " LUA_QL("name") "\n" " -v show version information\n" + " -E ignore environment variables\n" " -- stop handling options\n" - " - execute stdin and stop handling options\n" + " - stop handling options and execute stdin\n" , progname); - fflush(stderr); } static void l_message (const char *pname, const char *msg) { - if (pname) fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", pname); - fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg); - fflush(stderr); + if (pname) luai_writestringerror("%s: ", pname); + luai_writestringerror("%s\n", msg); } static int report (lua_State *L, int status) { - if (status && !lua_isnil(L, -1)) { + if (status != LUA_OK && !lua_isnil(L, -1)) { const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, -1); if (msg == NULL) msg = "(error object is not a string)"; l_message(progname, msg); lua_pop(L, 1); + /* force a complete garbage collection in case of errors */ + lua_gc(L, LUA_GCCOLLECT, 0); } return status; } -static int traceback (lua_State *L) { - if (!lua_isstring(L, 1)) /* 'message' not a string? */ - return 1; /* keep it intact */ - lua_getfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, "debug"); - if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) { +/* the next function is called unprotected, so it must avoid errors */ +static void finalreport (lua_State *L, int status) { + if (status != LUA_OK) { + const char *msg = (lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING) ? lua_tostring(L, -1) + : NULL; + if (msg == NULL) msg = "(error object is not a string)"; + l_message(progname, msg); lua_pop(L, 1); - return 1; } - lua_getfield(L, -1, "traceback"); - if (!lua_isfunction(L, -1)) { - lua_pop(L, 2); - return 1; +} + + +static int traceback (lua_State *L) { + const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, 1); + if (msg) + luaL_traceback(L, L, msg, 1); + else if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 1)) { /* is there an error object? */ + if (!luaL_callmeta(L, 1, "__tostring")) /* try its 'tostring' metamethod */ + lua_pushliteral(L, "(no error message)"); } - lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* pass error message */ - lua_pushinteger(L, 2); /* skip this function and traceback */ - lua_call(L, 2, 1); /* call debug.traceback */ return 1; } -static int docall (lua_State *L, int narg, int clear) { +static int docall (lua_State *L, int narg, int nres) { int status; int base = lua_gettop(L) - narg; /* function index */ lua_pushcfunction(L, traceback); /* push traceback function */ lua_insert(L, base); /* put it under chunk and args */ + globalL = L; /* to be available to 'laction' */ signal(SIGINT, laction); - status = lua_pcall(L, narg, (clear ? 0 : LUA_MULTRET), base); + status = lua_pcall(L, narg, nres, base); signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL); lua_remove(L, base); /* remove traceback function */ - /* force a complete garbage collection in case of errors */ - if (status != 0) lua_gc(L, LUA_GCCOLLECT, 0); return status; } static void print_version (void) { - l_message(NULL, LUA_RELEASE " " LUA_COPYRIGHT); + luai_writestring(LUA_COPYRIGHT, strlen(LUA_COPYRIGHT)); + luai_writeline(); } @@ -132,40 +208,47 @@ static int getargs (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) { static int dofile (lua_State *L, const char *name) { - int status = luaL_loadfile(L, name) || docall(L, 0, 1); + int status = luaL_loadfile(L, name); + if (status == LUA_OK) status = docall(L, 0, 0); return report(L, status); } static int dostring (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *name) { - int status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, strlen(s), name) || docall(L, 0, 1); + int status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, strlen(s), name); + if (status == LUA_OK) status = docall(L, 0, 0); return report(L, status); } static int dolibrary (lua_State *L, const char *name) { + int status; lua_getglobal(L, "require"); lua_pushstring(L, name); - return report(L, docall(L, 1, 1)); + status = docall(L, 1, 1); /* call 'require(name)' */ + if (status == LUA_OK) + lua_setglobal(L, name); /* global[name] = require return */ + return report(L, status); } static const char *get_prompt (lua_State *L, int firstline) { const char *p; - lua_getfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, firstline ? "_PROMPT" : "_PROMPT2"); + lua_getglobal(L, firstline ? "_PROMPT" : "_PROMPT2"); p = lua_tostring(L, -1); if (p == NULL) p = (firstline ? LUA_PROMPT : LUA_PROMPT2); - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove global */ return p; } +/* mark in error messages for incomplete statements */ +#define EOFMARK "" +#define marklen (sizeof(EOFMARK)/sizeof(char) - 1) static int incomplete (lua_State *L, int status) { if (status == LUA_ERRSYNTAX) { size_t lmsg; const char *msg = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &lmsg); - const char *tp = msg + lmsg - (sizeof(LUA_QL("")) - 1); - if (strstr(msg, LUA_QL("")) == tp) { + if (lmsg >= marklen && strcmp(msg + lmsg - marklen, EOFMARK) == 0) { lua_pop(L, 1); return 1; } @@ -179,7 +262,9 @@ static int pushline (lua_State *L, int firstline) { char *b = buffer; size_t l; const char *prmt = get_prompt(L, firstline); - if (lua_readline(L, b, prmt) == 0) + int readstatus = lua_readline(L, b, prmt); + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove result from 'get_prompt' */ + if (readstatus == 0) return 0; /* no input */ l = strlen(b); if (l > 0 && b[l-1] == '\n') /* line ends with newline? */ @@ -199,7 +284,9 @@ static int loadline (lua_State *L) { if (!pushline(L, 1)) return -1; /* no input */ for (;;) { /* repeat until gets a complete line */ - status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, lua_tostring(L, 1), lua_strlen(L, 1), "=stdin"); + size_t l; + const char *line = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l); + status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, line, l, "=stdin"); if (!incomplete(L, status)) break; /* cannot try to add lines? */ if (!pushline(L, 0)) /* no more input? */ return -1; @@ -218,20 +305,20 @@ static void dotty (lua_State *L) { const char *oldprogname = progname; progname = NULL; while ((status = loadline(L)) != -1) { - if (status == 0) status = docall(L, 0, 0); + if (status == LUA_OK) status = docall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET); report(L, status); - if (status == 0 && lua_gettop(L) > 0) { /* any result to print? */ + if (status == LUA_OK && lua_gettop(L) > 0) { /* any result to print? */ + luaL_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK, "too many results to print"); lua_getglobal(L, "print"); lua_insert(L, 1); - if (lua_pcall(L, lua_gettop(L)-1, 0, 0) != 0) + if (lua_pcall(L, lua_gettop(L)-1, 0, 0) != LUA_OK) l_message(progname, lua_pushfstring(L, "error calling " LUA_QL("print") " (%s)", lua_tostring(L, -1))); } } lua_settop(L, 0); /* clear stack */ - fputs("\n", stdout); - fflush(stdout); + luai_writeline(); progname = oldprogname; } @@ -242,49 +329,63 @@ static int handle_script (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) { int narg = getargs(L, argv, n); /* collect arguments */ lua_setglobal(L, "arg"); fname = argv[n]; - if (strcmp(fname, "-") == 0 && strcmp(argv[n-1], "--") != 0) + if (strcmp(fname, "-") == 0 && strcmp(argv[n-1], "--") != 0) fname = NULL; /* stdin */ status = luaL_loadfile(L, fname); lua_insert(L, -(narg+1)); - if (status == 0) - status = docall(L, narg, 0); + if (status == LUA_OK) + status = docall(L, narg, LUA_MULTRET); else - lua_pop(L, narg); + lua_pop(L, narg); return report(L, status); } /* check that argument has no extra characters at the end */ -#define notail(x) {if ((x)[2] != '\0') return -1;} +#define noextrachars(x) {if ((x)[2] != '\0') return -1;} -static int collectargs (char **argv, int *pi, int *pv, int *pe) { +/* indices of various argument indicators in array args */ +#define has_i 0 /* -i */ +#define has_v 1 /* -v */ +#define has_e 2 /* -e */ +#define has_E 3 /* -E */ + +#define num_has 4 /* number of 'has_*' */ + + +static int collectargs (char **argv, int *args) { int i; for (i = 1; argv[i] != NULL; i++) { if (argv[i][0] != '-') /* not an option? */ return i; switch (argv[i][1]) { /* option */ case '-': - notail(argv[i]); + noextrachars(argv[i]); return (argv[i+1] != NULL ? i+1 : 0); case '\0': return i; + case 'E': + args[has_E] = 1; + break; case 'i': - notail(argv[i]); - *pi = 1; /* go through */ + noextrachars(argv[i]); + args[has_i] = 1; /* go through */ case 'v': - notail(argv[i]); - *pv = 1; + noextrachars(argv[i]); + args[has_v] = 1; break; case 'e': - *pe = 1; /* go through */ - case 'l': - if (argv[i][2] == '\0') { - i++; - if (argv[i] == NULL) return -1; + args[has_e] = 1; /* go through */ + case 'l': /* both options need an argument */ + if (argv[i][2] == '\0') { /* no concatenated argument? */ + i++; /* try next 'argv' */ + if (argv[i] == NULL || argv[i][0] == '-') + return -(i - 1); /* no next argument or it is another option */ } break; - default: return -1; /* invalid option */ + default: /* invalid option; return its index... */ + return -i; /* ...as a negative value */ } } return 0; @@ -294,99 +395,103 @@ static int collectargs (char **argv, int *pi, int *pv, int *pe) { static int runargs (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) { int i; for (i = 1; i < n; i++) { - if (argv[i] == NULL) continue; lua_assert(argv[i][0] == '-'); switch (argv[i][1]) { /* option */ case 'e': { const char *chunk = argv[i] + 2; if (*chunk == '\0') chunk = argv[++i]; lua_assert(chunk != NULL); - if (dostring(L, chunk, "=(command line)") != 0) - return 1; + if (dostring(L, chunk, "=(command line)") != LUA_OK) + return 0; break; } case 'l': { const char *filename = argv[i] + 2; if (*filename == '\0') filename = argv[++i]; lua_assert(filename != NULL); - if (dolibrary(L, filename)) - return 1; /* stop if file fails */ + if (dolibrary(L, filename) != LUA_OK) + return 0; /* stop if file fails */ break; } default: break; } } - return 0; + return 1; } static int handle_luainit (lua_State *L) { - const char *init = getenv(LUA_INIT); - if (init == NULL) return 0; /* status OK */ + const char *name = "=" LUA_INITVERSION; + const char *init = getenv(name + 1); + if (init == NULL) { + name = "=" LUA_INIT; + init = getenv(name + 1); /* try alternative name */ + } + if (init == NULL) return LUA_OK; else if (init[0] == '@') return dofile(L, init+1); else - return dostring(L, init, "=" LUA_INIT); + return dostring(L, init, name); } -struct Smain { - int argc; - char **argv; - int status; -}; - - static int pmain (lua_State *L) { - struct Smain *s = (struct Smain *)lua_touserdata(L, 1); - char **argv = s->argv; + int argc = (int)lua_tointeger(L, 1); + char **argv = (char **)lua_touserdata(L, 2); int script; - int has_i = 0, has_v = 0, has_e = 0; - globalL = L; + int args[num_has]; + args[has_i] = args[has_v] = args[has_e] = args[has_E] = 0; if (argv[0] && argv[0][0]) progname = argv[0]; + script = collectargs(argv, args); + if (script < 0) { /* invalid arg? */ + print_usage(argv[-script]); + return 0; + } + if (args[has_v]) print_version(); + if (args[has_E]) { /* option '-E'? */ + lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* signal for libraries to ignore env. vars. */ + lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_NOENV"); + } + /* open standard libraries */ + luaL_checkversion(L); lua_gc(L, LUA_GCSTOP, 0); /* stop collector during initialization */ luaL_openlibs(L); /* open libraries */ lua_gc(L, LUA_GCRESTART, 0); - s->status = handle_luainit(L); - if (s->status != 0) return 0; - script = collectargs(argv, &has_i, &has_v, &has_e); - if (script < 0) { /* invalid args? */ - print_usage(); - s->status = 1; - return 0; - } - if (has_v) print_version(); - s->status = runargs(L, argv, (script > 0) ? script : s->argc); - if (s->status != 0) return 0; - if (script) - s->status = handle_script(L, argv, script); - if (s->status != 0) return 0; - if (has_i) + if (!args[has_E] && handle_luainit(L) != LUA_OK) + return 0; /* error running LUA_INIT */ + /* execute arguments -e and -l */ + if (!runargs(L, argv, (script > 0) ? script : argc)) return 0; + /* execute main script (if there is one) */ + if (script && handle_script(L, argv, script) != LUA_OK) return 0; + if (args[has_i]) /* -i option? */ dotty(L); - else if (script == 0 && !has_e && !has_v) { + else if (script == 0 && !args[has_e] && !args[has_v]) { /* no arguments? */ if (lua_stdin_is_tty()) { print_version(); dotty(L); } else dofile(L, NULL); /* executes stdin as a file */ } - return 0; + lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* signal no errors */ + return 1; } int main (int argc, char **argv) { - int status; - struct Smain s; - lua_State *L = lua_open(); /* create state */ + int status, result; + lua_State *L = luaL_newstate(); /* create state */ if (L == NULL) { l_message(argv[0], "cannot create state: not enough memory"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } - s.argc = argc; - s.argv = argv; - status = lua_cpcall(L, &pmain, &s); - report(L, status); + /* call 'pmain' in protected mode */ + lua_pushcfunction(L, &pmain); + lua_pushinteger(L, argc); /* 1st argument */ + lua_pushlightuserdata(L, argv); /* 2nd argument */ + status = lua_pcall(L, 2, 1, 0); + result = lua_toboolean(L, -1); /* get result */ + finalreport(L, status); lua_close(L); - return (status || s.status) ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS; + return (result && status == LUA_OK) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE; } diff --git a/lua/src/lua.h b/lua/src/lua.h index a4b73e74..149a2c37 100644 --- a/lua/src/lua.h +++ b/lua/src/lua.h @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ /* -** $Id: lua.h,v 1.218.1.7 2012/01/13 20:36:20 roberto Exp $ -** Lua - An Extensible Extension Language +** $Id: lua.h,v 1.285.1.2 2013/11/11 12:09:16 roberto Exp $ +** Lua - A Scripting Language ** Lua.org, PUC-Rio, Brazil (http://www.lua.org) ** See Copyright Notice at the end of this file */ @@ -16,35 +16,39 @@ #include "luaconf.h" -#define LUA_VERSION "Lua 5.1" -#define LUA_RELEASE "Lua 5.1.5" -#define LUA_VERSION_NUM 501 -#define LUA_COPYRIGHT "Copyright (C) 1994-2012 Lua.org, PUC-Rio" -#define LUA_AUTHORS "R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo & W. Celes" +#define LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "5" +#define LUA_VERSION_MINOR "2" +#define LUA_VERSION_NUM 502 +#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE "3" + +#define LUA_VERSION "Lua " LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR +#define LUA_RELEASE LUA_VERSION "." LUA_VERSION_RELEASE +#define LUA_COPYRIGHT LUA_RELEASE " Copyright (C) 1994-2013 Lua.org, PUC-Rio" +#define LUA_AUTHORS "R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, W. Celes" -/* mark for precompiled code (`Lua') */ -#define LUA_SIGNATURE "\033Lua" +/* mark for precompiled code ('Lua') */ +#define LUA_SIGNATURE "\033Lua" -/* option for multiple returns in `lua_pcall' and `lua_call' */ +/* option for multiple returns in 'lua_pcall' and 'lua_call' */ #define LUA_MULTRET (-1) /* ** pseudo-indices */ -#define LUA_REGISTRYINDEX (-10000) -#define LUA_ENVIRONINDEX (-10001) -#define LUA_GLOBALSINDEX (-10002) -#define lua_upvalueindex(i) (LUA_GLOBALSINDEX-(i)) +#define LUA_REGISTRYINDEX LUAI_FIRSTPSEUDOIDX +#define lua_upvalueindex(i) (LUA_REGISTRYINDEX - (i)) -/* thread status; 0 is OK */ +/* thread status */ +#define LUA_OK 0 #define LUA_YIELD 1 #define LUA_ERRRUN 2 #define LUA_ERRSYNTAX 3 #define LUA_ERRMEM 4 -#define LUA_ERRERR 5 +#define LUA_ERRGCMM 5 +#define LUA_ERRERR 6 typedef struct lua_State lua_State; @@ -81,12 +85,32 @@ typedef void * (*lua_Alloc) (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize); #define LUA_TUSERDATA 7 #define LUA_TTHREAD 8 +#define LUA_NUMTAGS 9 + /* minimum Lua stack available to a C function */ #define LUA_MINSTACK 20 +/* predefined values in the registry */ +#define LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD 1 +#define LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS 2 +#define LUA_RIDX_LAST LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS + + +/* type of numbers in Lua */ +typedef LUA_NUMBER lua_Number; + + +/* type for integer functions */ +typedef LUA_INTEGER lua_Integer; + +/* unsigned integer type */ +typedef LUA_UNSIGNED lua_Unsigned; + + + /* ** generic extra include file */ @@ -95,13 +119,10 @@ typedef void * (*lua_Alloc) (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize); #endif -/* type of numbers in Lua */ -typedef LUA_NUMBER lua_Number; - - -/* type for integer functions */ -typedef LUA_INTEGER lua_Integer; - +/* +** RCS ident string +*/ +extern const char lua_ident[]; /* @@ -114,15 +135,20 @@ LUA_API lua_State *(lua_newthread) (lua_State *L); LUA_API lua_CFunction (lua_atpanic) (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction panicf); +LUA_API const lua_Number *(lua_version) (lua_State *L); + + /* ** basic stack manipulation */ +LUA_API int (lua_absindex) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API int (lua_gettop) (lua_State *L); LUA_API void (lua_settop) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void (lua_pushvalue) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void (lua_remove) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void (lua_insert) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void (lua_replace) (lua_State *L, int idx); +LUA_API void (lua_copy) (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx); LUA_API int (lua_checkstack) (lua_State *L, int sz); LUA_API void (lua_xmove) (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n); @@ -139,29 +165,49 @@ LUA_API int (lua_isuserdata) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API int (lua_type) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API const char *(lua_typename) (lua_State *L, int tp); -LUA_API int (lua_equal) (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2); -LUA_API int (lua_rawequal) (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2); -LUA_API int (lua_lessthan) (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2); - -LUA_API lua_Number (lua_tonumber) (lua_State *L, int idx); -LUA_API lua_Integer (lua_tointeger) (lua_State *L, int idx); +LUA_API lua_Number (lua_tonumberx) (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum); +LUA_API lua_Integer (lua_tointegerx) (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum); +LUA_API lua_Unsigned (lua_tounsignedx) (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum); LUA_API int (lua_toboolean) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API const char *(lua_tolstring) (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len); -LUA_API size_t (lua_objlen) (lua_State *L, int idx); +LUA_API size_t (lua_rawlen) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API lua_CFunction (lua_tocfunction) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void *(lua_touserdata) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API lua_State *(lua_tothread) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API const void *(lua_topointer) (lua_State *L, int idx); +/* +** Comparison and arithmetic functions +*/ + +#define LUA_OPADD 0 /* ORDER TM */ +#define LUA_OPSUB 1 +#define LUA_OPMUL 2 +#define LUA_OPDIV 3 +#define LUA_OPMOD 4 +#define LUA_OPPOW 5 +#define LUA_OPUNM 6 + +LUA_API void (lua_arith) (lua_State *L, int op); + +#define LUA_OPEQ 0 +#define LUA_OPLT 1 +#define LUA_OPLE 2 + +LUA_API int (lua_rawequal) (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2); +LUA_API int (lua_compare) (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2, int op); + + /* ** push functions (C -> stack) */ -LUA_API void (lua_pushnil) (lua_State *L); -LUA_API void (lua_pushnumber) (lua_State *L, lua_Number n); -LUA_API void (lua_pushinteger) (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n); -LUA_API void (lua_pushlstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t l); -LUA_API void (lua_pushstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s); +LUA_API void (lua_pushnil) (lua_State *L); +LUA_API void (lua_pushnumber) (lua_State *L, lua_Number n); +LUA_API void (lua_pushinteger) (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n); +LUA_API void (lua_pushunsigned) (lua_State *L, lua_Unsigned n); +LUA_API const char *(lua_pushlstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t l); +LUA_API const char *(lua_pushstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s); LUA_API const char *(lua_pushvfstring) (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp); LUA_API const char *(lua_pushfstring) (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...); @@ -174,35 +220,47 @@ LUA_API int (lua_pushthread) (lua_State *L); /* ** get functions (Lua -> stack) */ +LUA_API void (lua_getglobal) (lua_State *L, const char *var); LUA_API void (lua_gettable) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void (lua_getfield) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k); LUA_API void (lua_rawget) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void (lua_rawgeti) (lua_State *L, int idx, int n); +LUA_API void (lua_rawgetp) (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p); LUA_API void (lua_createtable) (lua_State *L, int narr, int nrec); LUA_API void *(lua_newuserdata) (lua_State *L, size_t sz); LUA_API int (lua_getmetatable) (lua_State *L, int objindex); -LUA_API void (lua_getfenv) (lua_State *L, int idx); +LUA_API void (lua_getuservalue) (lua_State *L, int idx); /* ** set functions (stack -> Lua) */ +LUA_API void (lua_setglobal) (lua_State *L, const char *var); LUA_API void (lua_settable) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void (lua_setfield) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k); LUA_API void (lua_rawset) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void (lua_rawseti) (lua_State *L, int idx, int n); +LUA_API void (lua_rawsetp) (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p); LUA_API int (lua_setmetatable) (lua_State *L, int objindex); -LUA_API int (lua_setfenv) (lua_State *L, int idx); +LUA_API void (lua_setuservalue) (lua_State *L, int idx); /* -** `load' and `call' functions (load and run Lua code) +** 'load' and 'call' functions (load and run Lua code) */ -LUA_API void (lua_call) (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults); -LUA_API int (lua_pcall) (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc); -LUA_API int (lua_cpcall) (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction func, void *ud); +LUA_API void (lua_callk) (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int ctx, + lua_CFunction k); +#define lua_call(L,n,r) lua_callk(L, (n), (r), 0, NULL) + +LUA_API int (lua_getctx) (lua_State *L, int *ctx); + +LUA_API int (lua_pcallk) (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc, + int ctx, lua_CFunction k); +#define lua_pcall(L,n,r,f) lua_pcallk(L, (n), (r), (f), 0, NULL) + LUA_API int (lua_load) (lua_State *L, lua_Reader reader, void *dt, - const char *chunkname); + const char *chunkname, + const char *mode); LUA_API int (lua_dump) (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data); @@ -210,8 +268,10 @@ LUA_API int (lua_dump) (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data); /* ** coroutine functions */ -LUA_API int (lua_yield) (lua_State *L, int nresults); -LUA_API int (lua_resume) (lua_State *L, int narg); +LUA_API int (lua_yieldk) (lua_State *L, int nresults, int ctx, + lua_CFunction k); +#define lua_yield(L,n) lua_yieldk(L, (n), 0, NULL) +LUA_API int (lua_resume) (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int narg); LUA_API int (lua_status) (lua_State *L); /* @@ -226,6 +286,10 @@ LUA_API int (lua_status) (lua_State *L); #define LUA_GCSTEP 5 #define LUA_GCSETPAUSE 6 #define LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL 7 +#define LUA_GCSETMAJORINC 8 +#define LUA_GCISRUNNING 9 +#define LUA_GCGEN 10 +#define LUA_GCINC 11 LUA_API int (lua_gc) (lua_State *L, int what, int data); @@ -239,18 +303,23 @@ LUA_API int (lua_error) (lua_State *L); LUA_API int (lua_next) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API void (lua_concat) (lua_State *L, int n); +LUA_API void (lua_len) (lua_State *L, int idx); LUA_API lua_Alloc (lua_getallocf) (lua_State *L, void **ud); -LUA_API void lua_setallocf (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud); +LUA_API void (lua_setallocf) (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud); -/* +/* ** =============================================================== ** some useful macros ** =============================================================== */ +#define lua_tonumber(L,i) lua_tonumberx(L,i,NULL) +#define lua_tointeger(L,i) lua_tointegerx(L,i,NULL) +#define lua_tounsigned(L,i) lua_tounsignedx(L,i,NULL) + #define lua_pop(L,n) lua_settop(L, -(n)-1) #define lua_newtable(L) lua_createtable(L, 0, 0) @@ -259,8 +328,6 @@ LUA_API void lua_setallocf (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud); #define lua_pushcfunction(L,f) lua_pushcclosure(L, (f), 0) -#define lua_strlen(L,i) lua_objlen(L, (i)) - #define lua_isfunction(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TFUNCTION) #define lua_istable(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TTABLE) #define lua_islightuserdata(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA) @@ -273,31 +340,13 @@ LUA_API void lua_setallocf (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud); #define lua_pushliteral(L, s) \ lua_pushlstring(L, "" s, (sizeof(s)/sizeof(char))-1) -#define lua_setglobal(L,s) lua_setfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, (s)) -#define lua_getglobal(L,s) lua_getfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, (s)) +#define lua_pushglobaltable(L) \ + lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS) #define lua_tostring(L,i) lua_tolstring(L, (i), NULL) -/* -** compatibility macros and functions -*/ - -#define lua_open() luaL_newstate() - -#define lua_getregistry(L) lua_pushvalue(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) - -#define lua_getgccount(L) lua_gc(L, LUA_GCCOUNT, 0) - -#define lua_Chunkreader lua_Reader -#define lua_Chunkwriter lua_Writer - - -/* hack */ -LUA_API void lua_setlevel (lua_State *from, lua_State *to); - - /* ** {====================================================================== ** Debug API @@ -312,7 +361,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_setlevel (lua_State *from, lua_State *to); #define LUA_HOOKRET 1 #define LUA_HOOKLINE 2 #define LUA_HOOKCOUNT 3 -#define LUA_HOOKTAILRET 4 +#define LUA_HOOKTAILCALL 4 /* @@ -326,43 +375,50 @@ LUA_API void lua_setlevel (lua_State *from, lua_State *to); typedef struct lua_Debug lua_Debug; /* activation record */ -/* Functions to be called by the debuger in specific events */ +/* Functions to be called by the debugger in specific events */ typedef void (*lua_Hook) (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar); -LUA_API int lua_getstack (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar); -LUA_API int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar); -LUA_API const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n); -LUA_API const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n); -LUA_API const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n); -LUA_API const char *lua_setupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n); +LUA_API int (lua_getstack) (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar); +LUA_API int (lua_getinfo) (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar); +LUA_API const char *(lua_getlocal) (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n); +LUA_API const char *(lua_setlocal) (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n); +LUA_API const char *(lua_getupvalue) (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n); +LUA_API const char *(lua_setupvalue) (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n); -LUA_API int lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count); -LUA_API lua_Hook lua_gethook (lua_State *L); -LUA_API int lua_gethookmask (lua_State *L); -LUA_API int lua_gethookcount (lua_State *L); +LUA_API void *(lua_upvalueid) (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n); +LUA_API void (lua_upvaluejoin) (lua_State *L, int fidx1, int n1, + int fidx2, int n2); + +LUA_API int (lua_sethook) (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count); +LUA_API lua_Hook (lua_gethook) (lua_State *L); +LUA_API int (lua_gethookmask) (lua_State *L); +LUA_API int (lua_gethookcount) (lua_State *L); struct lua_Debug { int event; const char *name; /* (n) */ - const char *namewhat; /* (n) `global', `local', `field', `method' */ - const char *what; /* (S) `Lua', `C', `main', `tail' */ + const char *namewhat; /* (n) 'global', 'local', 'field', 'method' */ + const char *what; /* (S) 'Lua', 'C', 'main', 'tail' */ const char *source; /* (S) */ int currentline; /* (l) */ - int nups; /* (u) number of upvalues */ int linedefined; /* (S) */ int lastlinedefined; /* (S) */ + unsigned char nups; /* (u) number of upvalues */ + unsigned char nparams;/* (u) number of parameters */ + char isvararg; /* (u) */ + char istailcall; /* (t) */ char short_src[LUA_IDSIZE]; /* (S) */ /* private part */ - int i_ci; /* active function */ + struct CallInfo *i_ci; /* active function */ }; /* }====================================================================== */ /****************************************************************************** -* Copyright (C) 1994-2012 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. All rights reserved. +* Copyright (C) 1994-2013 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the diff --git a/lua/src/lua.hpp b/lua/src/lua.hpp new file mode 100644 index 00000000..ec417f59 --- /dev/null +++ b/lua/src/lua.hpp @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// lua.hpp +// Lua header files for C++ +// <> not supplied automatically because Lua also compiles as C++ + +extern "C" { +#include "lua.h" +#include "lualib.h" +#include "lauxlib.h" +} diff --git a/lua/src/luac.c b/lua/src/luac.c index d0701739..7409706e 100644 --- a/lua/src/luac.c +++ b/lua/src/luac.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: luac.c,v 1.54 2006/06/02 17:37:11 lhf Exp $ +** $Id: luac.c,v 1.69 2011/11/29 17:46:33 lhf Exp $ ** Lua compiler (saves bytecodes to files; also list bytecodes) ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -15,16 +15,15 @@ #include "lua.h" #include "lauxlib.h" -#include "ldo.h" -#include "lfunc.h" -#include "lmem.h" #include "lobject.h" -#include "lopcodes.h" -#include "lstring.h" +#include "lstate.h" #include "lundump.h" +static void PrintFunction(const Proto* f, int full); +#define luaU_print PrintFunction + #define PROGNAME "luac" /* default program name */ -#define OUTPUT PROGNAME ".out" /* default output file */ +#define OUTPUT PROGNAME ".out" /* default output file */ static int listing=0; /* list bytecodes? */ static int dumping=1; /* dump bytecodes? */ @@ -52,20 +51,20 @@ static void usage(const char* message) else fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n",progname,message); fprintf(stderr, - "usage: %s [options] [filenames].\n" - "Available options are:\n" - " - process stdin\n" - " -l list\n" - " -o name output to file " LUA_QL("name") " (default is \"%s\")\n" - " -p parse only\n" - " -s strip debug information\n" - " -v show version information\n" - " -- stop handling options\n", - progname,Output); + "usage: %s [options] [filenames]\n" + "Available options are:\n" + " -l list (use -l -l for full listing)\n" + " -o name output to file " LUA_QL("name") " (default is \"%s\")\n" + " -p parse only\n" + " -s strip debug information\n" + " -v show version information\n" + " -- stop handling options\n" + " - stop handling options and process stdin\n" + ,progname,Output); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } -#define IS(s) (strcmp(argv[i],s)==0) +#define IS(s) (strcmp(argv[i],s)==0) static int doargs(int argc, char* argv[]) { @@ -89,7 +88,8 @@ static int doargs(int argc, char* argv[]) else if (IS("-o")) /* output file */ { output=argv[++i]; - if (output==NULL || *output==0) usage(LUA_QL("-o") " needs argument"); + if (output==NULL || *output==0 || (*output=='-' && output[1]!=0)) + usage(LUA_QL("-o") " needs argument"); if (IS("-")) output=NULL; } else if (IS("-p")) /* parse only */ @@ -108,13 +108,30 @@ static int doargs(int argc, char* argv[]) } if (version) { - printf("%s %s\n",LUA_RELEASE,LUA_COPYRIGHT); + printf("%s\n",LUA_COPYRIGHT); if (version==argc-1) exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } return i; } -#define toproto(L,i) (clvalue(L->top+(i))->l.p) +#define FUNCTION "(function()end)();" + +static const char* reader(lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) +{ + UNUSED(L); + if ((*(int*)ud)--) + { + *size=sizeof(FUNCTION)-1; + return FUNCTION; + } + else + { + *size=0; + return NULL; + } +} + +#define toproto(L,i) getproto(L->top+(i)) static const Proto* combine(lua_State* L, int n) { @@ -122,24 +139,16 @@ static const Proto* combine(lua_State* L, int n) return toproto(L,-1); else { - int i,pc; - Proto* f=luaF_newproto(L); - setptvalue2s(L,L->top,f); incr_top(L); - f->source=luaS_newliteral(L,"=(" PROGNAME ")"); - f->maxstacksize=1; - pc=2*n+1; - f->code=luaM_newvector(L,pc,Instruction); - f->sizecode=pc; - f->p=luaM_newvector(L,n,Proto*); - f->sizep=n; - pc=0; + Proto* f; + int i=n; + if (lua_load(L,reader,&i,"=(" PROGNAME ")",NULL)!=LUA_OK) fatal(lua_tostring(L,-1)); + f=toproto(L,-1); for (i=0; ip[i]=toproto(L,i-n-1); - f->code[pc++]=CREATE_ABx(OP_CLOSURE,0,i); - f->code[pc++]=CREATE_ABC(OP_CALL,0,1,1); + if (f->p[i]->sizeupvalues>0) f->p[i]->upvalues[0].instack=0; } - f->code[pc++]=CREATE_ABC(OP_RETURN,0,1,0); + f->sizelineinfo=0; return f; } } @@ -150,23 +159,17 @@ static int writer(lua_State* L, const void* p, size_t size, void* u) return (fwrite(p,size,1,(FILE*)u)!=1) && (size!=0); } -struct Smain { - int argc; - char** argv; -}; - static int pmain(lua_State* L) { - struct Smain* s = (struct Smain*)lua_touserdata(L, 1); - int argc=s->argc; - char** argv=s->argv; + int argc=(int)lua_tointeger(L,1); + char** argv=(char**)lua_touserdata(L,2); const Proto* f; int i; if (!lua_checkstack(L,argc)) fatal("too many input files"); for (i=0; i1); @@ -186,15 +189,244 @@ static int pmain(lua_State* L) int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { lua_State* L; - struct Smain s; int i=doargs(argc,argv); argc-=i; argv+=i; if (argc<=0) usage("no input files given"); - L=lua_open(); - if (L==NULL) fatal("not enough memory for state"); - s.argc=argc; - s.argv=argv; - if (lua_cpcall(L,pmain,&s)!=0) fatal(lua_tostring(L,-1)); + L=luaL_newstate(); + if (L==NULL) fatal("cannot create state: not enough memory"); + lua_pushcfunction(L,&pmain); + lua_pushinteger(L,argc); + lua_pushlightuserdata(L,argv); + if (lua_pcall(L,2,0,0)!=LUA_OK) fatal(lua_tostring(L,-1)); lua_close(L); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } + +/* +** $Id: print.c,v 1.69 2013/07/04 01:03:46 lhf Exp $ +** print bytecodes +** See Copyright Notice in lua.h +*/ + +#include +#include + +#define luac_c +#define LUA_CORE + +#include "ldebug.h" +#include "lobject.h" +#include "lopcodes.h" + +#define VOID(p) ((const void*)(p)) + +static void PrintString(const TString* ts) +{ + const char* s=getstr(ts); + size_t i,n=ts->tsv.len; + printf("%c",'"'); + for (i=0; ik[i]; + switch (ttypenv(o)) + { + case LUA_TNIL: + printf("nil"); + break; + case LUA_TBOOLEAN: + printf(bvalue(o) ? "true" : "false"); + break; + case LUA_TNUMBER: + printf(LUA_NUMBER_FMT,nvalue(o)); + break; + case LUA_TSTRING: + PrintString(rawtsvalue(o)); + break; + default: /* cannot happen */ + printf("? type=%d",ttype(o)); + break; + } +} + +#define UPVALNAME(x) ((f->upvalues[x].name) ? getstr(f->upvalues[x].name) : "-") +#define MYK(x) (-1-(x)) + +static void PrintCode(const Proto* f) +{ + const Instruction* code=f->code; + int pc,n=f->sizecode; + for (pc=0; pc0) printf("[%d]\t",line); else printf("[-]\t"); + printf("%-9s\t",luaP_opnames[o]); + switch (getOpMode(o)) + { + case iABC: + printf("%d",a); + if (getBMode(o)!=OpArgN) printf(" %d",ISK(b) ? (MYK(INDEXK(b))) : b); + if (getCMode(o)!=OpArgN) printf(" %d",ISK(c) ? (MYK(INDEXK(c))) : c); + break; + case iABx: + printf("%d",a); + if (getBMode(o)==OpArgK) printf(" %d",MYK(bx)); + if (getBMode(o)==OpArgU) printf(" %d",bx); + break; + case iAsBx: + printf("%d %d",a,sbx); + break; + case iAx: + printf("%d",MYK(ax)); + break; + } + switch (o) + { + case OP_LOADK: + printf("\t; "); PrintConstant(f,bx); + break; + case OP_GETUPVAL: + case OP_SETUPVAL: + printf("\t; %s",UPVALNAME(b)); + break; + case OP_GETTABUP: + printf("\t; %s",UPVALNAME(b)); + if (ISK(c)) { printf(" "); PrintConstant(f,INDEXK(c)); } + break; + case OP_SETTABUP: + printf("\t; %s",UPVALNAME(a)); + if (ISK(b)) { printf(" "); PrintConstant(f,INDEXK(b)); } + if (ISK(c)) { printf(" "); PrintConstant(f,INDEXK(c)); } + break; + case OP_GETTABLE: + case OP_SELF: + if (ISK(c)) { printf("\t; "); PrintConstant(f,INDEXK(c)); } + break; + case OP_SETTABLE: + case OP_ADD: + case OP_SUB: + case OP_MUL: + case OP_DIV: + case OP_POW: + case OP_EQ: + case OP_LT: + case OP_LE: + if (ISK(b) || ISK(c)) + { + printf("\t; "); + if (ISK(b)) PrintConstant(f,INDEXK(b)); else printf("-"); + printf(" "); + if (ISK(c)) PrintConstant(f,INDEXK(c)); else printf("-"); + } + break; + case OP_JMP: + case OP_FORLOOP: + case OP_FORPREP: + case OP_TFORLOOP: + printf("\t; to %d",sbx+pc+2); + break; + case OP_CLOSURE: + printf("\t; %p",VOID(f->p[bx])); + break; + case OP_SETLIST: + if (c==0) printf("\t; %d",(int)code[++pc]); else printf("\t; %d",c); + break; + case OP_EXTRAARG: + printf("\t; "); PrintConstant(f,ax); + break; + default: + break; + } + printf("\n"); + } +} + +#define SS(x) ((x==1)?"":"s") +#define S(x) (int)(x),SS(x) + +static void PrintHeader(const Proto* f) +{ + const char* s=f->source ? getstr(f->source) : "=?"; + if (*s=='@' || *s=='=') + s++; + else if (*s==LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) + s="(bstring)"; + else + s="(string)"; + printf("\n%s <%s:%d,%d> (%d instruction%s at %p)\n", + (f->linedefined==0)?"main":"function",s, + f->linedefined,f->lastlinedefined, + S(f->sizecode),VOID(f)); + printf("%d%s param%s, %d slot%s, %d upvalue%s, ", + (int)(f->numparams),f->is_vararg?"+":"",SS(f->numparams), + S(f->maxstacksize),S(f->sizeupvalues)); + printf("%d local%s, %d constant%s, %d function%s\n", + S(f->sizelocvars),S(f->sizek),S(f->sizep)); +} + +static void PrintDebug(const Proto* f) +{ + int i,n; + n=f->sizek; + printf("constants (%d) for %p:\n",n,VOID(f)); + for (i=0; isizelocvars; + printf("locals (%d) for %p:\n",n,VOID(f)); + for (i=0; ilocvars[i].varname),f->locvars[i].startpc+1,f->locvars[i].endpc+1); + } + n=f->sizeupvalues; + printf("upvalues (%d) for %p:\n",n,VOID(f)); + for (i=0; iupvalues[i].instack,f->upvalues[i].idx); + } +} + +static void PrintFunction(const Proto* f, int full) +{ + int i,n=f->sizep; + PrintHeader(f); + PrintCode(f); + if (full) PrintDebug(f); + for (i=0; ip[i],full); +} diff --git a/lua/src/luaconf.h b/lua/src/luaconf.h index e2cb2616..18be9a9e 100644 --- a/lua/src/luaconf.h +++ b/lua/src/luaconf.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.82.1.7 2008/02/11 16:25:08 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.176.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Configuration file for Lua ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -24,30 +24,44 @@ ** CHANGE it (define it) if you want Lua to avoid the use of any ** non-ansi feature or library. */ -#if defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) +#if !defined(LUA_ANSI) && defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) #define LUA_ANSI #endif -#if !defined(LUA_ANSI) && defined(_WIN32) -#define LUA_WIN +#if !defined(LUA_ANSI) && defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE) +#define LUA_WIN /* enable goodies for regular Windows platforms */ #endif +#if defined(LUA_WIN) +#define LUA_DL_DLL +#define LUA_USE_AFORMAT /* assume 'printf' handles 'aA' specifiers */ +#endif + + + #if defined(LUA_USE_LINUX) #define LUA_USE_POSIX #define LUA_USE_DLOPEN /* needs an extra library: -ldl */ #define LUA_USE_READLINE /* needs some extra libraries */ +#define LUA_USE_STRTODHEX /* assume 'strtod' handles hex formats */ +#define LUA_USE_AFORMAT /* assume 'printf' handles 'aA' specifiers */ +#define LUA_USE_LONGLONG /* assume support for long long */ #endif #if defined(LUA_USE_MACOSX) #define LUA_USE_POSIX -#define LUA_DL_DYLD /* does not need extra library */ +#define LUA_USE_DLOPEN /* does not need -ldl */ +#define LUA_USE_READLINE /* needs an extra library: -lreadline */ +#define LUA_USE_STRTODHEX /* assume 'strtod' handles hex formats */ +#define LUA_USE_AFORMAT /* assume 'printf' handles 'aA' specifiers */ +#define LUA_USE_LONGLONG /* assume support for long long */ #endif /* -@@ LUA_USE_POSIX includes all functionallity listed as X/Open System +@@ LUA_USE_POSIX includes all functionality listed as X/Open System @* Interfaces Extension (XSI). ** CHANGE it (define it) if your system is XSI compatible. */ @@ -56,20 +70,10 @@ #define LUA_USE_ISATTY #define LUA_USE_POPEN #define LUA_USE_ULONGJMP +#define LUA_USE_GMTIME_R #endif -/* -@@ LUA_PATH and LUA_CPATH are the names of the environment variables that -@* Lua check to set its paths. -@@ LUA_INIT is the name of the environment variable that Lua -@* checks for initialization code. -** CHANGE them if you want different names. -*/ -#define LUA_PATH "LUA_PATH" -#define LUA_CPATH "LUA_CPATH" -#define LUA_INIT "LUA_INIT" - /* @@ LUA_PATH_DEFAULT is the default path that Lua uses to look for @@ -80,7 +84,7 @@ ** hierarchy or if you want to install your libraries in ** non-conventional directories. */ -#if defined(_WIN32) +#if defined(_WIN32) /* { */ /* ** In Windows, any exclamation mark ('!') in the path is replaced by the ** path of the directory of the executable file of the current process. @@ -88,21 +92,23 @@ #define LUA_LDIR "!\\lua\\" #define LUA_CDIR "!\\" #define LUA_PATH_DEFAULT \ - ".\\?.lua;" LUA_LDIR"?.lua;" LUA_LDIR"?\\init.lua;" \ - LUA_CDIR"?.lua;" LUA_CDIR"?\\init.lua" + LUA_LDIR"?.lua;" LUA_LDIR"?\\init.lua;" \ + LUA_CDIR"?.lua;" LUA_CDIR"?\\init.lua;" ".\\?.lua" #define LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT \ - ".\\?.dll;" LUA_CDIR"?.dll;" LUA_CDIR"loadall.dll" + LUA_CDIR"?.dll;" LUA_CDIR"loadall.dll;" ".\\?.dll" -#else +#else /* }{ */ + +#define LUA_VDIR LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR "/" #define LUA_ROOT "/usr/local/" -#define LUA_LDIR LUA_ROOT "share/lua/5.1/" -#define LUA_CDIR LUA_ROOT "lib/lua/5.1/" +#define LUA_LDIR LUA_ROOT "share/lua/" LUA_VDIR +#define LUA_CDIR LUA_ROOT "lib/lua/" LUA_VDIR #define LUA_PATH_DEFAULT \ - "./?.lua;" LUA_LDIR"?.lua;" LUA_LDIR"?/init.lua;" \ - LUA_CDIR"?.lua;" LUA_CDIR"?/init.lua" + LUA_LDIR"?.lua;" LUA_LDIR"?/init.lua;" \ + LUA_CDIR"?.lua;" LUA_CDIR"?/init.lua;" "./?.lua" #define LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT \ - "./?.so;" LUA_CDIR"?.so;" LUA_CDIR"loadall.so" -#endif + LUA_CDIR"?.so;" LUA_CDIR"loadall.so;" "./?.so" +#endif /* } */ /* @@ -118,79 +124,67 @@ /* -@@ LUA_PATHSEP is the character that separates templates in a path. -@@ LUA_PATH_MARK is the string that marks the substitution points in a -@* template. -@@ LUA_EXECDIR in a Windows path is replaced by the executable's -@* directory. -@@ LUA_IGMARK is a mark to ignore all before it when bulding the -@* luaopen_ function name. -** CHANGE them if for some reason your system cannot use those -** characters. (E.g., if one of those characters is a common character -** in file/directory names.) Probably you do not need to change them. +@@ LUA_ENV is the name of the variable that holds the current +@@ environment, used to access global names. +** CHANGE it if you do not like this name. */ -#define LUA_PATHSEP ";" -#define LUA_PATH_MARK "?" -#define LUA_EXECDIR "!" -#define LUA_IGMARK "-" - - -/* -@@ LUA_INTEGER is the integral type used by lua_pushinteger/lua_tointeger. -** CHANGE that if ptrdiff_t is not adequate on your machine. (On most -** machines, ptrdiff_t gives a good choice between int or long.) -*/ -#define LUA_INTEGER ptrdiff_t +#define LUA_ENV "_ENV" /* @@ LUA_API is a mark for all core API functions. -@@ LUALIB_API is a mark for all standard library functions. +@@ LUALIB_API is a mark for all auxiliary library functions. +@@ LUAMOD_API is a mark for all standard library opening functions. ** CHANGE them if you need to define those functions in some special way. ** For instance, if you want to create one Windows DLL with the core and ** the libraries, you may want to use the following definition (define ** LUA_BUILD_AS_DLL to get it). */ -#if defined(LUA_BUILD_AS_DLL) +#if defined(LUA_BUILD_AS_DLL) /* { */ -#if defined(LUA_CORE) || defined(LUA_LIB) +#if defined(LUA_CORE) || defined(LUA_LIB) /* { */ #define LUA_API __declspec(dllexport) -#else +#else /* }{ */ #define LUA_API __declspec(dllimport) -#endif +#endif /* } */ -#else +#else /* }{ */ #define LUA_API extern -#endif +#endif /* } */ + /* more often than not the libs go together with the core */ #define LUALIB_API LUA_API +#define LUAMOD_API LUALIB_API /* @@ LUAI_FUNC is a mark for all extern functions that are not to be @* exported to outside modules. -@@ LUAI_DATA is a mark for all extern (const) variables that are not to -@* be exported to outside modules. +@@ LUAI_DDEF and LUAI_DDEC are marks for all extern (const) variables +@* that are not to be exported to outside modules (LUAI_DDEF for +@* definitions and LUAI_DDEC for declarations). ** CHANGE them if you need to mark them in some special way. Elf/gcc ** (versions 3.2 and later) mark them as "hidden" to optimize access -** when Lua is compiled as a shared library. +** when Lua is compiled as a shared library. Not all elf targets support +** this attribute. Unfortunately, gcc does not offer a way to check +** whether the target offers that support, and those without support +** give a warning about it. To avoid these warnings, change to the +** default definition. */ -#if defined(luaall_c) -#define LUAI_FUNC static -#define LUAI_DATA /* empty */ - -#elif defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__*100 + __GNUC_MINOR__) >= 302) && \ - defined(__ELF__) +#if defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__*100 + __GNUC_MINOR__) >= 302) && \ + defined(__ELF__) /* { */ #define LUAI_FUNC __attribute__((visibility("hidden"))) extern -#define LUAI_DATA LUAI_FUNC +#define LUAI_DDEC LUAI_FUNC +#define LUAI_DDEF /* empty */ -#else +#else /* }{ */ #define LUAI_FUNC extern -#define LUAI_DATA extern -#endif +#define LUAI_DDEC extern +#define LUAI_DDEF /* empty */ +#endif /* } */ @@ -210,177 +204,110 @@ #define LUA_IDSIZE 60 +/* +@@ luai_writestring/luai_writeline define how 'print' prints its results. +** They are only used in libraries and the stand-alone program. (The #if +** avoids including 'stdio.h' everywhere.) +*/ +#if defined(LUA_LIB) || defined(lua_c) +#include +#define luai_writestring(s,l) fwrite((s), sizeof(char), (l), stdout) +#define luai_writeline() (luai_writestring("\n", 1), fflush(stdout)) +#endif + +/* +@@ luai_writestringerror defines how to print error messages. +** (A format string with one argument is enough for Lua...) +*/ +#define luai_writestringerror(s,p) \ + (fprintf(stderr, (s), (p)), fflush(stderr)) + + +/* +@@ LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN is the maximum length for short strings, that is, +** strings that are internalized. (Cannot be smaller than reserved words +** or tags for metamethods, as these strings must be internalized; +** #("function") = 8, #("__newindex") = 10.) +*/ +#define LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN 40 + + + /* ** {================================================================== -** Stand-alone configuration +** Compatibility with previous versions ** =================================================================== */ -#if defined(lua_c) || defined(luaall_c) +/* +@@ LUA_COMPAT_ALL controls all compatibility options. +** You can define it to get all options, or change specific options +** to fit your specific needs. +*/ +#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_ALL) /* { */ /* -@@ lua_stdin_is_tty detects whether the standard input is a 'tty' (that -@* is, whether we're running lua interactively). -** CHANGE it if you have a better definition for non-POSIX/non-Windows -** systems. +@@ LUA_COMPAT_UNPACK controls the presence of global 'unpack'. +** You can replace it with 'table.unpack'. */ -#if defined(LUA_USE_ISATTY) -#include -#define lua_stdin_is_tty() isatty(0) -#elif defined(LUA_WIN) -#include -#include -#define lua_stdin_is_tty() _isatty(_fileno(stdin)) -#else -#define lua_stdin_is_tty() 1 /* assume stdin is a tty */ -#endif +#define LUA_COMPAT_UNPACK + +/* +@@ LUA_COMPAT_LOADERS controls the presence of table 'package.loaders'. +** You can replace it with 'package.searchers'. +*/ +#define LUA_COMPAT_LOADERS + +/* +@@ macro 'lua_cpcall' emulates deprecated function lua_cpcall. +** You can call your C function directly (with light C functions). +*/ +#define lua_cpcall(L,f,u) \ + (lua_pushcfunction(L, (f)), \ + lua_pushlightuserdata(L,(u)), \ + lua_pcall(L,1,0,0)) /* -@@ LUA_PROMPT is the default prompt used by stand-alone Lua. -@@ LUA_PROMPT2 is the default continuation prompt used by stand-alone Lua. -** CHANGE them if you want different prompts. (You can also change the -** prompts dynamically, assigning to globals _PROMPT/_PROMPT2.) +@@ LUA_COMPAT_LOG10 defines the function 'log10' in the math library. +** You can rewrite 'log10(x)' as 'log(x, 10)'. */ -#define LUA_PROMPT "> " -#define LUA_PROMPT2 ">> " - +#define LUA_COMPAT_LOG10 /* -@@ LUA_PROGNAME is the default name for the stand-alone Lua program. -** CHANGE it if your stand-alone interpreter has a different name and -** your system is not able to detect that name automatically. +@@ LUA_COMPAT_LOADSTRING defines the function 'loadstring' in the base +** library. You can rewrite 'loadstring(s)' as 'load(s)'. */ -#define LUA_PROGNAME "lua" - +#define LUA_COMPAT_LOADSTRING /* -@@ LUA_MAXINPUT is the maximum length for an input line in the -@* stand-alone interpreter. -** CHANGE it if you need longer lines. +@@ LUA_COMPAT_MAXN defines the function 'maxn' in the table library. */ -#define LUA_MAXINPUT 512 - +#define LUA_COMPAT_MAXN /* -@@ lua_readline defines how to show a prompt and then read a line from -@* the standard input. -@@ lua_saveline defines how to "save" a read line in a "history". -@@ lua_freeline defines how to free a line read by lua_readline. -** CHANGE them if you want to improve this functionality (e.g., by using -** GNU readline and history facilities). +@@ The following macros supply trivial compatibility for some +** changes in the API. The macros themselves document how to +** change your code to avoid using them. */ -#if defined(LUA_USE_READLINE) -#include -#include -#include -#define lua_readline(L,b,p) ((void)L, ((b)=readline(p)) != NULL) -#define lua_saveline(L,idx) \ - if (lua_strlen(L,idx) > 0) /* non-empty line? */ \ - add_history(lua_tostring(L, idx)); /* add it to history */ -#define lua_freeline(L,b) ((void)L, free(b)) -#else -#define lua_readline(L,b,p) \ - ((void)L, fputs(p, stdout), fflush(stdout), /* show prompt */ \ - fgets(b, LUA_MAXINPUT, stdin) != NULL) /* get line */ -#define lua_saveline(L,idx) { (void)L; (void)idx; } -#define lua_freeline(L,b) { (void)L; (void)b; } -#endif +#define lua_strlen(L,i) lua_rawlen(L, (i)) -#endif +#define lua_objlen(L,i) lua_rawlen(L, (i)) + +#define lua_equal(L,idx1,idx2) lua_compare(L,(idx1),(idx2),LUA_OPEQ) +#define lua_lessthan(L,idx1,idx2) lua_compare(L,(idx1),(idx2),LUA_OPLT) + +/* +@@ LUA_COMPAT_MODULE controls compatibility with previous +** module functions 'module' (Lua) and 'luaL_register' (C). +*/ +#define LUA_COMPAT_MODULE + +#endif /* } */ /* }================================================================== */ -/* -@@ LUAI_GCPAUSE defines the default pause between garbage-collector cycles -@* as a percentage. -** CHANGE it if you want the GC to run faster or slower (higher values -** mean larger pauses which mean slower collection.) You can also change -** this value dynamically. -*/ -#define LUAI_GCPAUSE 200 /* 200% (wait memory to double before next GC) */ - - -/* -@@ LUAI_GCMUL defines the default speed of garbage collection relative to -@* memory allocation as a percentage. -** CHANGE it if you want to change the granularity of the garbage -** collection. (Higher values mean coarser collections. 0 represents -** infinity, where each step performs a full collection.) You can also -** change this value dynamically. -*/ -#define LUAI_GCMUL 200 /* GC runs 'twice the speed' of memory allocation */ - - - -/* -@@ LUA_COMPAT_GETN controls compatibility with old getn behavior. -** CHANGE it (define it) if you want exact compatibility with the -** behavior of setn/getn in Lua 5.0. -*/ -#undef LUA_COMPAT_GETN - -/* -@@ LUA_COMPAT_LOADLIB controls compatibility about global loadlib. -** CHANGE it to undefined as soon as you do not need a global 'loadlib' -** function (the function is still available as 'package.loadlib'). -*/ -#undef LUA_COMPAT_LOADLIB - -/* -@@ LUA_COMPAT_VARARG controls compatibility with old vararg feature. -** CHANGE it to undefined as soon as your programs use only '...' to -** access vararg parameters (instead of the old 'arg' table). -*/ -#define LUA_COMPAT_VARARG - -/* -@@ LUA_COMPAT_MOD controls compatibility with old math.mod function. -** CHANGE it to undefined as soon as your programs use 'math.fmod' or -** the new '%' operator instead of 'math.mod'. -*/ -#define LUA_COMPAT_MOD - -/* -@@ LUA_COMPAT_LSTR controls compatibility with old long string nesting -@* facility. -** CHANGE it to 2 if you want the old behaviour, or undefine it to turn -** off the advisory error when nesting [[...]]. -*/ -#define LUA_COMPAT_LSTR 1 - -/* -@@ LUA_COMPAT_GFIND controls compatibility with old 'string.gfind' name. -** CHANGE it to undefined as soon as you rename 'string.gfind' to -** 'string.gmatch'. -*/ -#define LUA_COMPAT_GFIND - -/* -@@ LUA_COMPAT_OPENLIB controls compatibility with old 'luaL_openlib' -@* behavior. -** CHANGE it to undefined as soon as you replace to 'luaL_register' -** your uses of 'luaL_openlib' -*/ -#define LUA_COMPAT_OPENLIB - - - -/* -@@ luai_apicheck is the assert macro used by the Lua-C API. -** CHANGE luai_apicheck if you want Lua to perform some checks in the -** parameters it gets from API calls. This may slow down the interpreter -** a bit, but may be quite useful when debugging C code that interfaces -** with Lua. A useful redefinition is to use assert.h. -*/ -#if defined(LUA_USE_APICHECK) -#include -#define luai_apicheck(L,o) { (void)L; assert(o); } -#else -#define luai_apicheck(L,o) { (void)L; } -#endif - /* @@ LUAI_BITSINT defines the number of bits in an int. @@ -388,107 +315,62 @@ ** your machine. Probably you do not need to change this. */ /* avoid overflows in comparison */ -#if INT_MAX-20 < 32760 +#if INT_MAX-20 < 32760 /* { */ #define LUAI_BITSINT 16 -#elif INT_MAX > 2147483640L +#elif INT_MAX > 2147483640L /* }{ */ /* int has at least 32 bits */ #define LUAI_BITSINT 32 -#else +#else /* }{ */ #error "you must define LUA_BITSINT with number of bits in an integer" -#endif +#endif /* } */ /* -@@ LUAI_UINT32 is an unsigned integer with at least 32 bits. -@@ LUAI_INT32 is an signed integer with at least 32 bits. +@@ LUA_INT32 is an signed integer with exactly 32 bits. @@ LUAI_UMEM is an unsigned integer big enough to count the total @* memory used by Lua. @@ LUAI_MEM is a signed integer big enough to count the total memory @* used by Lua. ** CHANGE here if for some weird reason the default definitions are not -** good enough for your machine. (The definitions in the 'else' -** part always works, but may waste space on machines with 64-bit -** longs.) Probably you do not need to change this. +** good enough for your machine. Probably you do not need to change +** this. */ -#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32 -#define LUAI_UINT32 unsigned int -#define LUAI_INT32 int -#define LUAI_MAXINT32 INT_MAX +#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32 /* { */ +#define LUA_INT32 int #define LUAI_UMEM size_t #define LUAI_MEM ptrdiff_t -#else +#else /* }{ */ /* 16-bit ints */ -#define LUAI_UINT32 unsigned long -#define LUAI_INT32 long -#define LUAI_MAXINT32 LONG_MAX +#define LUA_INT32 long #define LUAI_UMEM unsigned long #define LUAI_MEM long +#endif /* } */ + + +/* +@@ LUAI_MAXSTACK limits the size of the Lua stack. +** CHANGE it if you need a different limit. This limit is arbitrary; +** its only purpose is to stop Lua to consume unlimited stack +** space (and to reserve some numbers for pseudo-indices). +*/ +#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32 +#define LUAI_MAXSTACK 1000000 +#else +#define LUAI_MAXSTACK 15000 #endif - -/* -@@ LUAI_MAXCALLS limits the number of nested calls. -** CHANGE it if you need really deep recursive calls. This limit is -** arbitrary; its only purpose is to stop infinite recursion before -** exhausting memory. -*/ -#define LUAI_MAXCALLS 20000 +/* reserve some space for error handling */ +#define LUAI_FIRSTPSEUDOIDX (-LUAI_MAXSTACK - 1000) -/* -@@ LUAI_MAXCSTACK limits the number of Lua stack slots that a C function -@* can use. -** CHANGE it if you need lots of (Lua) stack space for your C -** functions. This limit is arbitrary; its only purpose is to stop C -** functions to consume unlimited stack space. (must be smaller than -** -LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) -*/ -#define LUAI_MAXCSTACK 8000 - - - -/* -** {================================================================== -** CHANGE (to smaller values) the following definitions if your system -** has a small C stack. (Or you may want to change them to larger -** values if your system has a large C stack and these limits are -** too rigid for you.) Some of these constants control the size of -** stack-allocated arrays used by the compiler or the interpreter, while -** others limit the maximum number of recursive calls that the compiler -** or the interpreter can perform. Values too large may cause a C stack -** overflow for some forms of deep constructs. -** =================================================================== -*/ - - -/* -@@ LUAI_MAXCCALLS is the maximum depth for nested C calls (short) and -@* syntactical nested non-terminals in a program. -*/ -#define LUAI_MAXCCALLS 200 - - -/* -@@ LUAI_MAXVARS is the maximum number of local variables per function -@* (must be smaller than 250). -*/ -#define LUAI_MAXVARS 200 - - -/* -@@ LUAI_MAXUPVALUES is the maximum number of upvalues per function -@* (must be smaller than 250). -*/ -#define LUAI_MAXUPVALUES 60 /* @@ LUAL_BUFFERSIZE is the buffer size used by the lauxlib buffer system. +** CHANGE it if it uses too much C-stack space. */ #define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE BUFSIZ -/* }================================================================== */ - @@ -516,238 +398,144 @@ @@ LUA_NUMBER_FMT is the format for writing numbers. @@ lua_number2str converts a number to a string. @@ LUAI_MAXNUMBER2STR is maximum size of previous conversion. -@@ lua_str2number converts a string to a number. */ #define LUA_NUMBER_SCAN "%lf" #define LUA_NUMBER_FMT "%.14g" #define lua_number2str(s,n) sprintf((s), LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (n)) #define LUAI_MAXNUMBER2STR 32 /* 16 digits, sign, point, and \0 */ + + +/* +@@ l_mathop allows the addition of an 'l' or 'f' to all math operations +*/ +#define l_mathop(x) (x) + + +/* +@@ lua_str2number converts a decimal numeric string to a number. +@@ lua_strx2number converts an hexadecimal numeric string to a number. +** In C99, 'strtod' does both conversions. C89, however, has no function +** to convert floating hexadecimal strings to numbers. For these +** systems, you can leave 'lua_strx2number' undefined and Lua will +** provide its own implementation. +*/ #define lua_str2number(s,p) strtod((s), (p)) +#if defined(LUA_USE_STRTODHEX) +#define lua_strx2number(s,p) strtod((s), (p)) +#endif + /* @@ The luai_num* macros define the primitive operations over numbers. */ -#if defined(LUA_CORE) + +/* the following operations need the math library */ +#if defined(lobject_c) || defined(lvm_c) #include -#define luai_numadd(a,b) ((a)+(b)) -#define luai_numsub(a,b) ((a)-(b)) -#define luai_nummul(a,b) ((a)*(b)) -#define luai_numdiv(a,b) ((a)/(b)) -#define luai_nummod(a,b) ((a) - floor((a)/(b))*(b)) -#define luai_numpow(a,b) (pow(a,b)) -#define luai_numunm(a) (-(a)) -#define luai_numeq(a,b) ((a)==(b)) -#define luai_numlt(a,b) ((a)<(b)) -#define luai_numle(a,b) ((a)<=(b)) -#define luai_numisnan(a) (!luai_numeq((a), (a))) +#define luai_nummod(L,a,b) ((a) - l_mathop(floor)((a)/(b))*(b)) +#define luai_numpow(L,a,b) (l_mathop(pow)(a,b)) #endif +/* these are quite standard operations */ +#if defined(LUA_CORE) +#define luai_numadd(L,a,b) ((a)+(b)) +#define luai_numsub(L,a,b) ((a)-(b)) +#define luai_nummul(L,a,b) ((a)*(b)) +#define luai_numdiv(L,a,b) ((a)/(b)) +#define luai_numunm(L,a) (-(a)) +#define luai_numeq(a,b) ((a)==(b)) +#define luai_numlt(L,a,b) ((a)<(b)) +#define luai_numle(L,a,b) ((a)<=(b)) +#define luai_numisnan(L,a) (!luai_numeq((a), (a))) +#endif + + /* -@@ lua_number2int is a macro to convert lua_Number to int. -@@ lua_number2integer is a macro to convert lua_Number to lua_Integer. -** CHANGE them if you know a faster way to convert a lua_Number to -** int (with any rounding method and without throwing errors) in your -** system. In Pentium machines, a naive typecast from double to int -** in C is extremely slow, so any alternative is worth trying. +@@ LUA_INTEGER is the integral type used by lua_pushinteger/lua_tointeger. +** CHANGE that if ptrdiff_t is not adequate on your machine. (On most +** machines, ptrdiff_t gives a good choice between int or long.) +*/ +#define LUA_INTEGER ptrdiff_t + +/* +@@ LUA_UNSIGNED is the integral type used by lua_pushunsigned/lua_tounsigned. +** It must have at least 32 bits. +*/ +#define LUA_UNSIGNED unsigned LUA_INT32 + + + +/* +** Some tricks with doubles */ -/* On a Pentium, resort to a trick */ -#if defined(LUA_NUMBER_DOUBLE) && !defined(LUA_ANSI) && !defined(__SSE2__) && \ - (defined(__i386) || defined (_M_IX86) || defined(__i386__)) +#if defined(LUA_NUMBER_DOUBLE) && !defined(LUA_ANSI) /* { */ +/* +** The next definitions activate some tricks to speed up the +** conversion from doubles to integer types, mainly to LUA_UNSIGNED. +** +@@ LUA_MSASMTRICK uses Microsoft assembler to avoid clashes with a +** DirectX idiosyncrasy. +** +@@ LUA_IEEE754TRICK uses a trick that should work on any machine +** using IEEE754 with a 32-bit integer type. +** +@@ LUA_IEEELL extends the trick to LUA_INTEGER; should only be +** defined when LUA_INTEGER is a 32-bit integer. +** +@@ LUA_IEEEENDIAN is the endianness of doubles in your machine +** (0 for little endian, 1 for big endian); if not defined, Lua will +** check it dynamically for LUA_IEEE754TRICK (but not for LUA_NANTRICK). +** +@@ LUA_NANTRICK controls the use of a trick to pack all types into +** a single double value, using NaN values to represent non-number +** values. The trick only works on 32-bit machines (ints and pointers +** are 32-bit values) with numbers represented as IEEE 754-2008 doubles +** with conventional endianess (12345678 or 87654321), in CPUs that do +** not produce signaling NaN values (all NaNs are quiet). +*/ -/* On a Microsoft compiler, use assembler */ -#if defined(_MSC_VER) +/* Microsoft compiler on a Pentium (32 bit) ? */ +#if defined(LUA_WIN) && defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_M_IX86) /* { */ -#define lua_number2int(i,d) __asm fld d __asm fistp i -#define lua_number2integer(i,n) lua_number2int(i, n) - -/* the next trick should work on any Pentium, but sometimes clashes - with a DirectX idiosyncrasy */ -#else - -union luai_Cast { double l_d; long l_l; }; -#define lua_number2int(i,d) \ - { volatile union luai_Cast u; u.l_d = (d) + 6755399441055744.0; (i) = u.l_l; } -#define lua_number2integer(i,n) lua_number2int(i, n) - -#endif +#define LUA_MSASMTRICK +#define LUA_IEEEENDIAN 0 +#define LUA_NANTRICK -/* this option always works, but may be slow */ -#else -#define lua_number2int(i,d) ((i)=(int)(d)) -#define lua_number2integer(i,d) ((i)=(lua_Integer)(d)) +/* pentium 32 bits? */ +#elif defined(__i386__) || defined(__i386) || defined(__X86__) /* }{ */ -#endif +#define LUA_IEEE754TRICK +#define LUA_IEEELL +#define LUA_IEEEENDIAN 0 +#define LUA_NANTRICK + +/* pentium 64 bits? */ +#elif defined(__x86_64) /* }{ */ + +#define LUA_IEEE754TRICK +#define LUA_IEEEENDIAN 0 + +#elif defined(__POWERPC__) || defined(__ppc__) /* }{ */ + +#define LUA_IEEE754TRICK +#define LUA_IEEEENDIAN 1 + +#else /* }{ */ + +/* assume IEEE754 and a 32-bit integer type */ +#define LUA_IEEE754TRICK + +#endif /* } */ + +#endif /* } */ /* }================================================================== */ -/* -@@ LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T is a type that requires maximum alignment. -** CHANGE it if your system requires alignments larger than double. (For -** instance, if your system supports long doubles and they must be -** aligned in 16-byte boundaries, then you should add long double in the -** union.) Probably you do not need to change this. -*/ -#define LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T union { double u; void *s; long l; } - - -/* -@@ LUAI_THROW/LUAI_TRY define how Lua does exception handling. -** CHANGE them if you prefer to use longjmp/setjmp even with C++ -** or if want/don't to use _longjmp/_setjmp instead of regular -** longjmp/setjmp. By default, Lua handles errors with exceptions when -** compiling as C++ code, with _longjmp/_setjmp when asked to use them, -** and with longjmp/setjmp otherwise. -*/ -#if defined(__cplusplus) -/* C++ exceptions */ -#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) throw(c) -#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) try { a } catch(...) \ - { if ((c)->status == 0) (c)->status = -1; } -#define luai_jmpbuf int /* dummy variable */ - -#elif defined(LUA_USE_ULONGJMP) -/* in Unix, try _longjmp/_setjmp (more efficient) */ -#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) _longjmp((c)->b, 1) -#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (_setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a } -#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf - -#else -/* default handling with long jumps */ -#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) longjmp((c)->b, 1) -#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a } -#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf - -#endif - - -/* -@@ LUA_MAXCAPTURES is the maximum number of captures that a pattern -@* can do during pattern-matching. -** CHANGE it if you need more captures. This limit is arbitrary. -*/ -#define LUA_MAXCAPTURES 32 - - -/* -@@ lua_tmpnam is the function that the OS library uses to create a -@* temporary name. -@@ LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE is the maximum size of a name created by lua_tmpnam. -** CHANGE them if you have an alternative to tmpnam (which is considered -** insecure) or if you want the original tmpnam anyway. By default, Lua -** uses tmpnam except when POSIX is available, where it uses mkstemp. -*/ -#if defined(loslib_c) || defined(luaall_c) - -#if defined(LUA_USE_MKSTEMP) -#include -#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE 32 -#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { \ - strcpy(b, "/tmp/lua_XXXXXX"); \ - e = mkstemp(b); \ - if (e != -1) close(e); \ - e = (e == -1); } - -#else -#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE L_tmpnam -#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { e = (tmpnam(b) == NULL); } -#endif - -#endif - - -/* -@@ lua_popen spawns a new process connected to the current one through -@* the file streams. -** CHANGE it if you have a way to implement it in your system. -*/ -#if defined(LUA_USE_POPEN) - -#define lua_popen(L,c,m) ((void)L, fflush(NULL), popen(c,m)) -#define lua_pclose(L,file) ((void)L, (pclose(file) != -1)) - -#elif defined(LUA_WIN) - -#define lua_popen(L,c,m) ((void)L, _popen(c,m)) -#define lua_pclose(L,file) ((void)L, (_pclose(file) != -1)) - -#else - -#define lua_popen(L,c,m) ((void)((void)c, m), \ - luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("popen") " not supported"), (FILE*)0) -#define lua_pclose(L,file) ((void)((void)L, file), 0) - -#endif - -/* -@@ LUA_DL_* define which dynamic-library system Lua should use. -** CHANGE here if Lua has problems choosing the appropriate -** dynamic-library system for your platform (either Windows' DLL, Mac's -** dyld, or Unix's dlopen). If your system is some kind of Unix, there -** is a good chance that it has dlopen, so LUA_DL_DLOPEN will work for -** it. To use dlopen you also need to adapt the src/Makefile (probably -** adding -ldl to the linker options), so Lua does not select it -** automatically. (When you change the makefile to add -ldl, you must -** also add -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN.) -** If you do not want any kind of dynamic library, undefine all these -** options. -** By default, _WIN32 gets LUA_DL_DLL and MAC OS X gets LUA_DL_DYLD. -*/ -#if defined(LUA_USE_DLOPEN) -#define LUA_DL_DLOPEN -#endif - -#if defined(LUA_WIN) -#define LUA_DL_DLL -#endif - - -/* -@@ LUAI_EXTRASPACE allows you to add user-specific data in a lua_State -@* (the data goes just *before* the lua_State pointer). -** CHANGE (define) this if you really need that. This value must be -** a multiple of the maximum alignment required for your machine. -*/ -#define LUAI_EXTRASPACE 0 - - -/* -@@ luai_userstate* allow user-specific actions on threads. -** CHANGE them if you defined LUAI_EXTRASPACE and need to do something -** extra when a thread is created/deleted/resumed/yielded. -*/ -#define luai_userstateopen(L) ((void)L) -#define luai_userstateclose(L) ((void)L) -#define luai_userstatethread(L,L1) ((void)L) -#define luai_userstatefree(L) ((void)L) -#define luai_userstateresume(L,n) ((void)L) -#define luai_userstateyield(L,n) ((void)L) - - -/* -@@ LUA_INTFRMLEN is the length modifier for integer conversions -@* in 'string.format'. -@@ LUA_INTFRM_T is the integer type correspoding to the previous length -@* modifier. -** CHANGE them if your system supports long long or does not support long. -*/ - -#if defined(LUA_USELONGLONG) - -#define LUA_INTFRMLEN "ll" -#define LUA_INTFRM_T long long - -#else - -#define LUA_INTFRMLEN "l" -#define LUA_INTFRM_T long - -#endif - /* =================================================================== */ diff --git a/lua/src/lualib.h b/lua/src/lualib.h index 469417f6..da82005c 100644 --- a/lua/src/lualib.h +++ b/lua/src/lualib.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lualib.h,v 1.36.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lualib.h,v 1.43.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Lua standard libraries ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -11,41 +11,43 @@ #include "lua.h" -/* Key to file-handle type */ -#define LUA_FILEHANDLE "FILE*" +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_base) (lua_State *L); #define LUA_COLIBNAME "coroutine" -LUALIB_API int (luaopen_base) (lua_State *L); +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_coroutine) (lua_State *L); #define LUA_TABLIBNAME "table" -LUALIB_API int (luaopen_table) (lua_State *L); +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_table) (lua_State *L); #define LUA_IOLIBNAME "io" -LUALIB_API int (luaopen_io) (lua_State *L); +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_io) (lua_State *L); #define LUA_OSLIBNAME "os" -LUALIB_API int (luaopen_os) (lua_State *L); +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_os) (lua_State *L); #define LUA_STRLIBNAME "string" -LUALIB_API int (luaopen_string) (lua_State *L); +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_string) (lua_State *L); + +#define LUA_BITLIBNAME "bit32" +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_bit32) (lua_State *L); #define LUA_MATHLIBNAME "math" -LUALIB_API int (luaopen_math) (lua_State *L); +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_math) (lua_State *L); #define LUA_DBLIBNAME "debug" -LUALIB_API int (luaopen_debug) (lua_State *L); +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_debug) (lua_State *L); #define LUA_LOADLIBNAME "package" -LUALIB_API int (luaopen_package) (lua_State *L); +LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_package) (lua_State *L); /* open all previous libraries */ -LUALIB_API void (luaL_openlibs) (lua_State *L); +LUALIB_API void (luaL_openlibs) (lua_State *L); -#ifndef lua_assert +#if !defined(lua_assert) #define lua_assert(x) ((void)0) #endif diff --git a/lua/src/lundump.c b/lua/src/lundump.c index 8010a457..4163cb5d 100644 --- a/lua/src/lundump.c +++ b/lua/src/lundump.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lundump.c,v 2.7.1.4 2008/04/04 19:51:41 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lundump.c,v 2.22.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** load precompiled Lua chunks ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -27,28 +27,24 @@ typedef struct { const char* name; } LoadState; -#ifdef LUAC_TRUST_BINARIES -#define IF(c,s) -#define error(S,s) -#else -#define IF(c,s) if (c) error(S,s) - -static void error(LoadState* S, const char* why) +static l_noret error(LoadState* S, const char* why) { - luaO_pushfstring(S->L,"%s: %s in precompiled chunk",S->name,why); + luaO_pushfstring(S->L,"%s: %s precompiled chunk",S->name,why); luaD_throw(S->L,LUA_ERRSYNTAX); } -#endif #define LoadMem(S,b,n,size) LoadBlock(S,b,(n)*(size)) -#define LoadByte(S) (lu_byte)LoadChar(S) +#define LoadByte(S) (lu_byte)LoadChar(S) #define LoadVar(S,x) LoadMem(S,&x,1,sizeof(x)) #define LoadVector(S,b,n,size) LoadMem(S,b,n,size) +#if !defined(luai_verifycode) +#define luai_verifycode(L,b,f) /* empty */ +#endif + static void LoadBlock(LoadState* S, void* b, size_t size) { - size_t r=luaZ_read(S->Z,b,size); - IF (r!=0, "unexpected end"); + if (luaZ_read(S->Z,b,size)!=0) error(S,"truncated"); } static int LoadChar(LoadState* S) @@ -62,7 +58,7 @@ static int LoadInt(LoadState* S) { int x; LoadVar(S,x); - IF (x<0, "bad integer"); + if (x<0) error(S,"corrupted"); return x; } @@ -82,7 +78,7 @@ static TString* LoadString(LoadState* S) else { char* s=luaZ_openspace(S->L,S->b,size); - LoadBlock(S,s,size); + LoadBlock(S,s,size*sizeof(char)); return luaS_newlstr(S->L,s,size-1); /* remove trailing '\0' */ } } @@ -95,7 +91,7 @@ static void LoadCode(LoadState* S, Proto* f) LoadVector(S,f->code,n,sizeof(Instruction)); } -static Proto* LoadFunction(LoadState* S, TString* p); +static void LoadFunction(LoadState* S, Proto* f); static void LoadConstants(LoadState* S, Proto* f) { @@ -111,10 +107,10 @@ static void LoadConstants(LoadState* S, Proto* f) switch (t) { case LUA_TNIL: - setnilvalue(o); + setnilvalue(o); break; case LUA_TBOOLEAN: - setbvalue(o,LoadChar(S)!=0); + setbvalue(o,LoadChar(S)); break; case LUA_TNUMBER: setnvalue(o,LoadNumber(S)); @@ -122,21 +118,38 @@ static void LoadConstants(LoadState* S, Proto* f) case LUA_TSTRING: setsvalue2n(S->L,o,LoadString(S)); break; - default: - error(S,"bad constant"); - break; + default: lua_assert(0); } } n=LoadInt(S); f->p=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,Proto*); f->sizep=n; for (i=0; ip[i]=NULL; - for (i=0; ip[i]=LoadFunction(S,f->source); + for (i=0; ip[i]=luaF_newproto(S->L); + LoadFunction(S,f->p[i]); + } +} + +static void LoadUpvalues(LoadState* S, Proto* f) +{ + int i,n; + n=LoadInt(S); + f->upvalues=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,Upvaldesc); + f->sizeupvalues=n; + for (i=0; iupvalues[i].name=NULL; + for (i=0; iupvalues[i].instack=LoadByte(S); + f->upvalues[i].idx=LoadByte(S); + } } static void LoadDebug(LoadState* S, Proto* f) { int i,n; + f->source=LoadString(S); n=LoadInt(S); f->lineinfo=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,int); f->sizelineinfo=n; @@ -152,49 +165,48 @@ static void LoadDebug(LoadState* S, Proto* f) f->locvars[i].endpc=LoadInt(S); } n=LoadInt(S); - f->upvalues=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,TString*); - f->sizeupvalues=n; - for (i=0; iupvalues[i]=NULL; - for (i=0; iupvalues[i]=LoadString(S); + for (i=0; iupvalues[i].name=LoadString(S); } -static Proto* LoadFunction(LoadState* S, TString* p) +static void LoadFunction(LoadState* S, Proto* f) { - Proto* f; - if (++S->L->nCcalls > LUAI_MAXCCALLS) error(S,"code too deep"); - f=luaF_newproto(S->L); - setptvalue2s(S->L,S->L->top,f); incr_top(S->L); - f->source=LoadString(S); if (f->source==NULL) f->source=p; f->linedefined=LoadInt(S); f->lastlinedefined=LoadInt(S); - f->nups=LoadByte(S); f->numparams=LoadByte(S); f->is_vararg=LoadByte(S); f->maxstacksize=LoadByte(S); LoadCode(S,f); LoadConstants(S,f); + LoadUpvalues(S,f); LoadDebug(S,f); - IF (!luaG_checkcode(f), "bad code"); - S->L->top--; - S->L->nCcalls--; - return f; } +/* the code below must be consistent with the code in luaU_header */ +#define N0 LUAC_HEADERSIZE +#define N1 (sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-sizeof(char)) +#define N2 N1+2 +#define N3 N2+6 + static void LoadHeader(LoadState* S) { - char h[LUAC_HEADERSIZE]; - char s[LUAC_HEADERSIZE]; + lu_byte h[LUAC_HEADERSIZE]; + lu_byte s[LUAC_HEADERSIZE]; luaU_header(h); - LoadBlock(S,s,LUAC_HEADERSIZE); - IF (memcmp(h,s,LUAC_HEADERSIZE)!=0, "bad header"); + memcpy(s,h,sizeof(char)); /* first char already read */ + LoadBlock(S,s+sizeof(char),LUAC_HEADERSIZE-sizeof(char)); + if (memcmp(h,s,N0)==0) return; + if (memcmp(h,s,N1)!=0) error(S,"not a"); + if (memcmp(h,s,N2)!=0) error(S,"version mismatch in"); + if (memcmp(h,s,N3)!=0) error(S,"incompatible"); else error(S,"corrupted"); } /* ** load precompiled chunk */ -Proto* luaU_undump (lua_State* L, ZIO* Z, Mbuffer* buff, const char* name) +Closure* luaU_undump (lua_State* L, ZIO* Z, Mbuffer* buff, const char* name) { LoadState S; + Closure* cl; if (*name=='@' || *name=='=') S.name=name+1; else if (*name==LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) @@ -205,23 +217,42 @@ Proto* luaU_undump (lua_State* L, ZIO* Z, Mbuffer* buff, const char* name) S.Z=Z; S.b=buff; LoadHeader(&S); - return LoadFunction(&S,luaS_newliteral(L,"=?")); + cl=luaF_newLclosure(L,1); + setclLvalue(L,L->top,cl); incr_top(L); + cl->l.p=luaF_newproto(L); + LoadFunction(&S,cl->l.p); + if (cl->l.p->sizeupvalues != 1) + { + Proto* p=cl->l.p; + cl=luaF_newLclosure(L,cl->l.p->sizeupvalues); + cl->l.p=p; + setclLvalue(L,L->top-1,cl); + } + luai_verifycode(L,buff,cl->l.p); + return cl; } +#define MYINT(s) (s[0]-'0') +#define VERSION MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MAJOR)*16+MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MINOR) +#define FORMAT 0 /* this is the official format */ + /* -* make header +* make header for precompiled chunks +* if you change the code below be sure to update LoadHeader and FORMAT above +* and LUAC_HEADERSIZE in lundump.h */ -void luaU_header (char* h) +void luaU_header (lu_byte* h) { int x=1; - memcpy(h,LUA_SIGNATURE,sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-1); - h+=sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-1; - *h++=(char)LUAC_VERSION; - *h++=(char)LUAC_FORMAT; - *h++=(char)*(char*)&x; /* endianness */ - *h++=(char)sizeof(int); - *h++=(char)sizeof(size_t); - *h++=(char)sizeof(Instruction); - *h++=(char)sizeof(lua_Number); - *h++=(char)(((lua_Number)0.5)==0); /* is lua_Number integral? */ + memcpy(h,LUA_SIGNATURE,sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-sizeof(char)); + h+=sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-sizeof(char); + *h++=cast_byte(VERSION); + *h++=cast_byte(FORMAT); + *h++=cast_byte(*(char*)&x); /* endianness */ + *h++=cast_byte(sizeof(int)); + *h++=cast_byte(sizeof(size_t)); + *h++=cast_byte(sizeof(Instruction)); + *h++=cast_byte(sizeof(lua_Number)); + *h++=cast_byte(((lua_Number)0.5)==0); /* is lua_Number integral? */ + memcpy(h,LUAC_TAIL,sizeof(LUAC_TAIL)-sizeof(char)); } diff --git a/lua/src/lundump.h b/lua/src/lundump.h index c80189db..5255db25 100644 --- a/lua/src/lundump.h +++ b/lua/src/lundump.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lundump.h,v 1.37.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lundump.h,v 1.39.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** load precompiled Lua chunks ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -11,26 +11,18 @@ #include "lzio.h" /* load one chunk; from lundump.c */ -LUAI_FUNC Proto* luaU_undump (lua_State* L, ZIO* Z, Mbuffer* buff, const char* name); +LUAI_FUNC Closure* luaU_undump (lua_State* L, ZIO* Z, Mbuffer* buff, const char* name); /* make header; from lundump.c */ -LUAI_FUNC void luaU_header (char* h); +LUAI_FUNC void luaU_header (lu_byte* h); /* dump one chunk; from ldump.c */ LUAI_FUNC int luaU_dump (lua_State* L, const Proto* f, lua_Writer w, void* data, int strip); -#ifdef luac_c -/* print one chunk; from print.c */ -LUAI_FUNC void luaU_print (const Proto* f, int full); -#endif +/* data to catch conversion errors */ +#define LUAC_TAIL "\x19\x93\r\n\x1a\n" -/* for header of binary files -- this is Lua 5.1 */ -#define LUAC_VERSION 0x51 - -/* for header of binary files -- this is the official format */ -#define LUAC_FORMAT 0 - -/* size of header of binary files */ -#define LUAC_HEADERSIZE 12 +/* size in bytes of header of binary files */ +#define LUAC_HEADERSIZE (sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-sizeof(char)+2+6+sizeof(LUAC_TAIL)-sizeof(char)) #endif diff --git a/lua/src/lvm.c b/lua/src/lvm.c index e0a0cd85..141b9fd1 100644 --- a/lua/src/lvm.c +++ b/lua/src/lvm.c @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lvm.c,v 2.63.1.5 2011/08/17 20:43:11 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lvm.c,v 2.155.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Lua virtual machine ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const TValue *luaV_tonumber (const TValue *obj, TValue *n) { lua_Number num; if (ttisnumber(obj)) return obj; - if (ttisstring(obj) && luaO_str2d(svalue(obj), &num)) { + if (ttisstring(obj) && luaO_str2d(svalue(obj), tsvalue(obj)->len, &num)) { setnvalue(n, num); return n; } @@ -50,58 +50,60 @@ int luaV_tostring (lua_State *L, StkId obj) { else { char s[LUAI_MAXNUMBER2STR]; lua_Number n = nvalue(obj); - lua_number2str(s, n); - setsvalue2s(L, obj, luaS_new(L, s)); + int l = lua_number2str(s, n); + setsvalue2s(L, obj, luaS_newlstr(L, s, l)); return 1; } } -static void traceexec (lua_State *L, const Instruction *pc) { +static void traceexec (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; lu_byte mask = L->hookmask; - const Instruction *oldpc = L->savedpc; - L->savedpc = pc; - if ((mask & LUA_MASKCOUNT) && L->hookcount == 0) { - resethookcount(L); - luaD_callhook(L, LUA_HOOKCOUNT, -1); + int counthook = ((mask & LUA_MASKCOUNT) && L->hookcount == 0); + if (counthook) + resethookcount(L); /* reset count */ + if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKYIELD) { /* called hook last time? */ + ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_HOOKYIELD; /* erase mark */ + return; /* do not call hook again (VM yielded, so it did not move) */ } + if (counthook) + luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCOUNT, -1); /* call count hook */ if (mask & LUA_MASKLINE) { - Proto *p = ci_func(L->ci)->l.p; - int npc = pcRel(pc, p); - int newline = getline(p, npc); - /* call linehook when enter a new function, when jump back (loop), - or when enter a new line */ - if (npc == 0 || pc <= oldpc || newline != getline(p, pcRel(oldpc, p))) - luaD_callhook(L, LUA_HOOKLINE, newline); + Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p; + int npc = pcRel(ci->u.l.savedpc, p); + int newline = getfuncline(p, npc); + if (npc == 0 || /* call linehook when enter a new function, */ + ci->u.l.savedpc <= L->oldpc || /* when jump back (loop), or when */ + newline != getfuncline(p, pcRel(L->oldpc, p))) /* enter a new line */ + luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKLINE, newline); /* call line hook */ + } + L->oldpc = ci->u.l.savedpc; + if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) { /* did hook yield? */ + if (counthook) + L->hookcount = 1; /* undo decrement to zero */ + ci->u.l.savedpc--; /* undo increment (resume will increment it again) */ + ci->callstatus |= CIST_HOOKYIELD; /* mark that it yielded */ + ci->func = L->top - 1; /* protect stack below results */ + luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD); } } -static void callTMres (lua_State *L, StkId res, const TValue *f, - const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) { - ptrdiff_t result = savestack(L, res); - setobj2s(L, L->top, f); /* push function */ - setobj2s(L, L->top+1, p1); /* 1st argument */ - setobj2s(L, L->top+2, p2); /* 2nd argument */ - luaD_checkstack(L, 3); - L->top += 3; - luaD_call(L, L->top - 3, 1); - res = restorestack(L, result); - L->top--; - setobjs2s(L, res, L->top); -} - - - static void callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1, - const TValue *p2, const TValue *p3) { - setobj2s(L, L->top, f); /* push function */ - setobj2s(L, L->top+1, p1); /* 1st argument */ - setobj2s(L, L->top+2, p2); /* 2nd argument */ - setobj2s(L, L->top+3, p3); /* 3th argument */ - luaD_checkstack(L, 4); - L->top += 4; - luaD_call(L, L->top - 4, 0); + const TValue *p2, TValue *p3, int hasres) { + ptrdiff_t result = savestack(L, p3); + setobj2s(L, L->top++, f); /* push function */ + setobj2s(L, L->top++, p1); /* 1st argument */ + setobj2s(L, L->top++, p2); /* 2nd argument */ + if (!hasres) /* no result? 'p3' is third argument */ + setobj2s(L, L->top++, p3); /* 3rd argument */ + /* metamethod may yield only when called from Lua code */ + luaD_call(L, L->top - (4 - hasres), hasres, isLua(L->ci)); + if (hasres) { /* if has result, move it to its place */ + p3 = restorestack(L, result); + setobjs2s(L, p3, --L->top); + } } @@ -112,7 +114,7 @@ void luaV_gettable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val) { if (ttistable(t)) { /* `t' is a table? */ Table *h = hvalue(t); const TValue *res = luaH_get(h, key); /* do a primitive get */ - if (!ttisnil(res) || /* result is no nil? */ + if (!ttisnil(res) || /* result is not nil? */ (tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_INDEX)) == NULL) { /* or no TM? */ setobj2s(L, val, res); return; @@ -122,10 +124,10 @@ void luaV_gettable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val) { else if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX))) luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index"); if (ttisfunction(tm)) { - callTMres(L, val, tm, t, key); + callTM(L, tm, t, key, val, 1); return; } - t = tm; /* else repeat with `tm' */ + t = tm; /* else repeat with 'tm' */ } luaG_runerror(L, "loop in gettable"); } @@ -133,30 +135,38 @@ void luaV_gettable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val) { void luaV_settable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val) { int loop; - TValue temp; for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) { const TValue *tm; if (ttistable(t)) { /* `t' is a table? */ Table *h = hvalue(t); - TValue *oldval = luaH_set(L, h, key); /* do a primitive set */ - if (!ttisnil(oldval) || /* result is no nil? */ - (tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX)) == NULL) { /* or no TM? */ - setobj2t(L, oldval, val); - h->flags = 0; - luaC_barriert(L, h, val); + TValue *oldval = cast(TValue *, luaH_get(h, key)); + /* if previous value is not nil, there must be a previous entry + in the table; moreover, a metamethod has no relevance */ + if (!ttisnil(oldval) || + /* previous value is nil; must check the metamethod */ + ((tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX)) == NULL && + /* no metamethod; is there a previous entry in the table? */ + (oldval != luaO_nilobject || + /* no previous entry; must create one. (The next test is + always true; we only need the assignment.) */ + (oldval = luaH_newkey(L, h, key), 1)))) { + /* no metamethod and (now) there is an entry with given key */ + setobj2t(L, oldval, val); /* assign new value to that entry */ + invalidateTMcache(h); + luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(h), val); return; } - /* else will try the tag method */ + /* else will try the metamethod */ } - else if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_NEWINDEX))) - luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index"); + else /* not a table; check metamethod */ + if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_NEWINDEX))) + luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index"); + /* there is a metamethod */ if (ttisfunction(tm)) { - callTM(L, tm, t, key, val); + callTM(L, tm, t, key, val, 0); return; } - /* else repeat with `tm' */ - setobj(L, &temp, tm); /* avoid pointing inside table (may rehash) */ - t = &temp; + t = tm; /* else repeat with 'tm' */ } luaG_runerror(L, "loop in settable"); } @@ -168,12 +178,12 @@ static int call_binTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, if (ttisnil(tm)) tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p2, event); /* try second operand */ if (ttisnil(tm)) return 0; - callTMres(L, res, tm, p1, p2); + callTM(L, tm, p1, p2, res, 1); return 1; } -static const TValue *get_compTM (lua_State *L, Table *mt1, Table *mt2, +static const TValue *get_equalTM (lua_State *L, Table *mt1, Table *mt2, TMS event) { const TValue *tm1 = fasttm(L, mt1, event); const TValue *tm2; @@ -181,7 +191,7 @@ static const TValue *get_compTM (lua_State *L, Table *mt1, Table *mt2, if (mt1 == mt2) return tm1; /* same metatables => same metamethods */ tm2 = fasttm(L, mt2, event); if (tm2 == NULL) return NULL; /* no metamethod */ - if (luaO_rawequalObj(tm1, tm2)) /* same metamethods? */ + if (luaV_rawequalobj(tm1, tm2)) /* same metamethods? */ return tm1; return NULL; } @@ -189,14 +199,10 @@ static const TValue *get_compTM (lua_State *L, Table *mt1, Table *mt2, static int call_orderTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, TMS event) { - const TValue *tm1 = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p1, event); - const TValue *tm2; - if (ttisnil(tm1)) return -1; /* no metamethod? */ - tm2 = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p2, event); - if (!luaO_rawequalObj(tm1, tm2)) /* different metamethods? */ - return -1; - callTMres(L, L->top, tm1, p1, p2); - return !l_isfalse(L->top); + if (!call_binTM(L, p1, p2, L->top, event)) + return -1; /* no metamethod */ + else + return !l_isfalse(L->top); } @@ -224,125 +230,261 @@ static int l_strcmp (const TString *ls, const TString *rs) { int luaV_lessthan (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { int res; - if (ttype(l) != ttype(r)) - return luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); - else if (ttisnumber(l)) - return luai_numlt(nvalue(l), nvalue(r)); - else if (ttisstring(l)) + if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r)) + return luai_numlt(L, nvalue(l), nvalue(r)); + else if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r)) return l_strcmp(rawtsvalue(l), rawtsvalue(r)) < 0; - else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, l, r, TM_LT)) != -1) - return res; - return luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); + else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, l, r, TM_LT)) < 0) + luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); + return res; } -static int lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { +int luaV_lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { int res; - if (ttype(l) != ttype(r)) - return luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); - else if (ttisnumber(l)) - return luai_numle(nvalue(l), nvalue(r)); - else if (ttisstring(l)) + if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r)) + return luai_numle(L, nvalue(l), nvalue(r)); + else if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r)) return l_strcmp(rawtsvalue(l), rawtsvalue(r)) <= 0; - else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, l, r, TM_LE)) != -1) /* first try `le' */ + else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, l, r, TM_LE)) >= 0) /* first try `le' */ return res; - else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, r, l, TM_LT)) != -1) /* else try `lt' */ - return !res; - return luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); + else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, r, l, TM_LT)) < 0) /* else try `lt' */ + luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); + return !res; } -int luaV_equalval (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) { +/* +** equality of Lua values. L == NULL means raw equality (no metamethods) +*/ +int luaV_equalobj_ (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) { const TValue *tm; - lua_assert(ttype(t1) == ttype(t2)); + lua_assert(ttisequal(t1, t2)); switch (ttype(t1)) { case LUA_TNIL: return 1; case LUA_TNUMBER: return luai_numeq(nvalue(t1), nvalue(t2)); case LUA_TBOOLEAN: return bvalue(t1) == bvalue(t2); /* true must be 1 !! */ case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(t1) == pvalue(t2); + case LUA_TLCF: return fvalue(t1) == fvalue(t2); + case LUA_TSHRSTR: return eqshrstr(rawtsvalue(t1), rawtsvalue(t2)); + case LUA_TLNGSTR: return luaS_eqlngstr(rawtsvalue(t1), rawtsvalue(t2)); case LUA_TUSERDATA: { if (uvalue(t1) == uvalue(t2)) return 1; - tm = get_compTM(L, uvalue(t1)->metatable, uvalue(t2)->metatable, - TM_EQ); + else if (L == NULL) return 0; + tm = get_equalTM(L, uvalue(t1)->metatable, uvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ); break; /* will try TM */ } case LUA_TTABLE: { if (hvalue(t1) == hvalue(t2)) return 1; - tm = get_compTM(L, hvalue(t1)->metatable, hvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ); + else if (L == NULL) return 0; + tm = get_equalTM(L, hvalue(t1)->metatable, hvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ); break; /* will try TM */ } - default: return gcvalue(t1) == gcvalue(t2); + default: + lua_assert(iscollectable(t1)); + return gcvalue(t1) == gcvalue(t2); } if (tm == NULL) return 0; /* no TM? */ - callTMres(L, L->top, tm, t1, t2); /* call TM */ + callTM(L, tm, t1, t2, L->top, 1); /* call TM */ return !l_isfalse(L->top); } -void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total, int last) { +void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total) { + lua_assert(total >= 2); do { - StkId top = L->base + last + 1; + StkId top = L->top; int n = 2; /* number of elements handled in this pass (at least 2) */ if (!(ttisstring(top-2) || ttisnumber(top-2)) || !tostring(L, top-1)) { if (!call_binTM(L, top-2, top-1, top-2, TM_CONCAT)) luaG_concaterror(L, top-2, top-1); - } else if (tsvalue(top-1)->len == 0) /* second op is empty? */ - (void)tostring(L, top - 2); /* result is first op (as string) */ + } + else if (tsvalue(top-1)->len == 0) /* second operand is empty? */ + (void)tostring(L, top - 2); /* result is first operand */ + else if (ttisstring(top-2) && tsvalue(top-2)->len == 0) { + setobjs2s(L, top - 2, top - 1); /* result is second op. */ + } else { - /* at least two string values; get as many as possible */ + /* at least two non-empty string values; get as many as possible */ size_t tl = tsvalue(top-1)->len; char *buffer; int i; /* collect total length */ - for (n = 1; n < total && tostring(L, top-n-1); n++) { - size_t l = tsvalue(top-n-1)->len; - if (l >= MAX_SIZET - tl) luaG_runerror(L, "string length overflow"); + for (i = 1; i < total && tostring(L, top-i-1); i++) { + size_t l = tsvalue(top-i-1)->len; + if (l >= (MAX_SIZET/sizeof(char)) - tl) + luaG_runerror(L, "string length overflow"); tl += l; } buffer = luaZ_openspace(L, &G(L)->buff, tl); tl = 0; - for (i=n; i>0; i--) { /* concat all strings */ + n = i; + do { /* concat all strings */ size_t l = tsvalue(top-i)->len; - memcpy(buffer+tl, svalue(top-i), l); + memcpy(buffer+tl, svalue(top-i), l * sizeof(char)); tl += l; - } + } while (--i > 0); setsvalue2s(L, top-n, luaS_newlstr(L, buffer, tl)); } - total -= n-1; /* got `n' strings to create 1 new */ - last -= n-1; + total -= n-1; /* got 'n' strings to create 1 new */ + L->top -= n-1; /* popped 'n' strings and pushed one */ } while (total > 1); /* repeat until only 1 result left */ } -static void Arith (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb, - const TValue *rc, TMS op) { +void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb) { + const TValue *tm; + switch (ttypenv(rb)) { + case LUA_TTABLE: { + Table *h = hvalue(rb); + tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_LEN); + if (tm) break; /* metamethod? break switch to call it */ + setnvalue(ra, cast_num(luaH_getn(h))); /* else primitive len */ + return; + } + case LUA_TSTRING: { + setnvalue(ra, cast_num(tsvalue(rb)->len)); + return; + } + default: { /* try metamethod */ + tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, rb, TM_LEN); + if (ttisnil(tm)) /* no metamethod? */ + luaG_typeerror(L, rb, "get length of"); + break; + } + } + callTM(L, tm, rb, rb, ra, 1); +} + + +void luaV_arith (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb, + const TValue *rc, TMS op) { TValue tempb, tempc; const TValue *b, *c; if ((b = luaV_tonumber(rb, &tempb)) != NULL && (c = luaV_tonumber(rc, &tempc)) != NULL) { - lua_Number nb = nvalue(b), nc = nvalue(c); - switch (op) { - case TM_ADD: setnvalue(ra, luai_numadd(nb, nc)); break; - case TM_SUB: setnvalue(ra, luai_numsub(nb, nc)); break; - case TM_MUL: setnvalue(ra, luai_nummul(nb, nc)); break; - case TM_DIV: setnvalue(ra, luai_numdiv(nb, nc)); break; - case TM_MOD: setnvalue(ra, luai_nummod(nb, nc)); break; - case TM_POW: setnvalue(ra, luai_numpow(nb, nc)); break; - case TM_UNM: setnvalue(ra, luai_numunm(nb)); break; - default: lua_assert(0); break; - } + lua_Number res = luaO_arith(op - TM_ADD + LUA_OPADD, nvalue(b), nvalue(c)); + setnvalue(ra, res); } else if (!call_binTM(L, rb, rc, ra, op)) luaG_aritherror(L, rb, rc); } +/* +** check whether cached closure in prototype 'p' may be reused, that is, +** whether there is a cached closure with the same upvalues needed by +** new closure to be created. +*/ +static Closure *getcached (Proto *p, UpVal **encup, StkId base) { + Closure *c = p->cache; + if (c != NULL) { /* is there a cached closure? */ + int nup = p->sizeupvalues; + Upvaldesc *uv = p->upvalues; + int i; + for (i = 0; i < nup; i++) { /* check whether it has right upvalues */ + TValue *v = uv[i].instack ? base + uv[i].idx : encup[uv[i].idx]->v; + if (c->l.upvals[i]->v != v) + return NULL; /* wrong upvalue; cannot reuse closure */ + } + } + return c; /* return cached closure (or NULL if no cached closure) */ +} + + +/* +** create a new Lua closure, push it in the stack, and initialize +** its upvalues. Note that the call to 'luaC_barrierproto' must come +** before the assignment to 'p->cache', as the function needs the +** original value of that field. +*/ +static void pushclosure (lua_State *L, Proto *p, UpVal **encup, StkId base, + StkId ra) { + int nup = p->sizeupvalues; + Upvaldesc *uv = p->upvalues; + int i; + Closure *ncl = luaF_newLclosure(L, nup); + ncl->l.p = p; + setclLvalue(L, ra, ncl); /* anchor new closure in stack */ + for (i = 0; i < nup; i++) { /* fill in its upvalues */ + if (uv[i].instack) /* upvalue refers to local variable? */ + ncl->l.upvals[i] = luaF_findupval(L, base + uv[i].idx); + else /* get upvalue from enclosing function */ + ncl->l.upvals[i] = encup[uv[i].idx]; + } + luaC_barrierproto(L, p, ncl); + p->cache = ncl; /* save it on cache for reuse */ +} + + +/* +** finish execution of an opcode interrupted by an yield +*/ +void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + StkId base = ci->u.l.base; + Instruction inst = *(ci->u.l.savedpc - 1); /* interrupted instruction */ + OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(inst); + switch (op) { /* finish its execution */ + case OP_ADD: case OP_SUB: case OP_MUL: case OP_DIV: + case OP_MOD: case OP_POW: case OP_UNM: case OP_LEN: + case OP_GETTABUP: case OP_GETTABLE: case OP_SELF: { + setobjs2s(L, base + GETARG_A(inst), --L->top); + break; + } + case OP_LE: case OP_LT: case OP_EQ: { + int res = !l_isfalse(L->top - 1); + L->top--; + /* metamethod should not be called when operand is K */ + lua_assert(!ISK(GETARG_B(inst))); + if (op == OP_LE && /* "<=" using "<" instead? */ + ttisnil(luaT_gettmbyobj(L, base + GETARG_B(inst), TM_LE))) + res = !res; /* invert result */ + lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_JMP); + if (res != GETARG_A(inst)) /* condition failed? */ + ci->u.l.savedpc++; /* skip jump instruction */ + break; + } + case OP_CONCAT: { + StkId top = L->top - 1; /* top when 'call_binTM' was called */ + int b = GETARG_B(inst); /* first element to concatenate */ + int total = cast_int(top - 1 - (base + b)); /* yet to concatenate */ + setobj2s(L, top - 2, top); /* put TM result in proper position */ + if (total > 1) { /* are there elements to concat? */ + L->top = top - 1; /* top is one after last element (at top-2) */ + luaV_concat(L, total); /* concat them (may yield again) */ + } + /* move final result to final position */ + setobj2s(L, ci->u.l.base + GETARG_A(inst), L->top - 1); + L->top = ci->top; /* restore top */ + break; + } + case OP_TFORCALL: { + lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_TFORLOOP); + L->top = ci->top; /* correct top */ + break; + } + case OP_CALL: { + if (GETARG_C(inst) - 1 >= 0) /* nresults >= 0? */ + L->top = ci->top; /* adjust results */ + break; + } + case OP_TAILCALL: case OP_SETTABUP: case OP_SETTABLE: + break; + default: lua_assert(0); + } +} + + /* ** some macros for common tasks in `luaV_execute' */ -#define runtime_check(L, c) { if (!(c)) break; } +#if !defined luai_runtimecheck +#define luai_runtimecheck(L, c) /* void */ +#endif + #define RA(i) (base+GETARG_A(i)) /* to be used after possible stack reallocation */ @@ -352,13 +494,27 @@ static void Arith (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb, ISK(GETARG_B(i)) ? k+INDEXK(GETARG_B(i)) : base+GETARG_B(i)) #define RKC(i) check_exp(getCMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgK, \ ISK(GETARG_C(i)) ? k+INDEXK(GETARG_C(i)) : base+GETARG_C(i)) -#define KBx(i) check_exp(getBMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgK, k+GETARG_Bx(i)) +#define KBx(i) \ + (k + (GETARG_Bx(i) != 0 ? GETARG_Bx(i) - 1 : GETARG_Ax(*ci->u.l.savedpc++))) -#define dojump(L,pc,i) {(pc) += (i); luai_threadyield(L);} +/* execute a jump instruction */ +#define dojump(ci,i,e) \ + { int a = GETARG_A(i); \ + if (a > 0) luaF_close(L, ci->u.l.base + a - 1); \ + ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i) + e; } + +/* for test instructions, execute the jump instruction that follows it */ +#define donextjump(ci) { i = *ci->u.l.savedpc; dojump(ci, i, 1); } -#define Protect(x) { L->savedpc = pc; {x;}; base = L->base; } +#define Protect(x) { {x;}; base = ci->u.l.base; } + +#define checkGC(L,c) \ + Protect( luaC_condGC(L,{L->top = (c); /* limit of live values */ \ + luaC_step(L); \ + L->top = ci->top;}) /* restore top */ \ + luai_threadyield(L); ) #define arith_op(op,tm) { \ @@ -366,401 +522,345 @@ static void Arith (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb, TValue *rc = RKC(i); \ if (ttisnumber(rb) && ttisnumber(rc)) { \ lua_Number nb = nvalue(rb), nc = nvalue(rc); \ - setnvalue(ra, op(nb, nc)); \ + setnvalue(ra, op(L, nb, nc)); \ } \ - else \ - Protect(Arith(L, ra, rb, rc, tm)); \ - } + else { Protect(luaV_arith(L, ra, rb, rc, tm)); } } +#define vmdispatch(o) switch(o) +#define vmcase(l,b) case l: {b} break; +#define vmcasenb(l,b) case l: {b} /* nb = no break */ -void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, int nexeccalls) { +void luaV_execute (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; LClosure *cl; - StkId base; TValue *k; - const Instruction *pc; - reentry: /* entry point */ - lua_assert(isLua(L->ci)); - pc = L->savedpc; - cl = &clvalue(L->ci->func)->l; - base = L->base; + StkId base; + newframe: /* reentry point when frame changes (call/return) */ + lua_assert(ci == L->ci); + cl = clLvalue(ci->func); k = cl->p->k; + base = ci->u.l.base; /* main loop of interpreter */ for (;;) { - const Instruction i = *pc++; + Instruction i = *(ci->u.l.savedpc++); StkId ra; if ((L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT)) && (--L->hookcount == 0 || L->hookmask & LUA_MASKLINE)) { - traceexec(L, pc); - if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) { /* did hook yield? */ - L->savedpc = pc - 1; - return; - } - base = L->base; + Protect(traceexec(L)); } - /* warning!! several calls may realloc the stack and invalidate `ra' */ + /* WARNING: several calls may realloc the stack and invalidate `ra' */ ra = RA(i); - lua_assert(base == L->base && L->base == L->ci->base); - lua_assert(base <= L->top && L->top <= L->stack + L->stacksize); - lua_assert(L->top == L->ci->top || luaG_checkopenop(i)); - switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) { - case OP_MOVE: { + lua_assert(base == ci->u.l.base); + lua_assert(base <= L->top && L->top < L->stack + L->stacksize); + vmdispatch (GET_OPCODE(i)) { + vmcase(OP_MOVE, setobjs2s(L, ra, RB(i)); - continue; - } - case OP_LOADK: { - setobj2s(L, ra, KBx(i)); - continue; - } - case OP_LOADBOOL: { + ) + vmcase(OP_LOADK, + TValue *rb = k + GETARG_Bx(i); + setobj2s(L, ra, rb); + ) + vmcase(OP_LOADKX, + TValue *rb; + lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_EXTRAARG); + rb = k + GETARG_Ax(*ci->u.l.savedpc++); + setobj2s(L, ra, rb); + ) + vmcase(OP_LOADBOOL, setbvalue(ra, GETARG_B(i)); - if (GETARG_C(i)) pc++; /* skip next instruction (if C) */ - continue; - } - case OP_LOADNIL: { - TValue *rb = RB(i); + if (GETARG_C(i)) ci->u.l.savedpc++; /* skip next instruction (if C) */ + ) + vmcase(OP_LOADNIL, + int b = GETARG_B(i); do { - setnilvalue(rb--); - } while (rb >= ra); - continue; - } - case OP_GETUPVAL: { + setnilvalue(ra++); + } while (b--); + ) + vmcase(OP_GETUPVAL, int b = GETARG_B(i); setobj2s(L, ra, cl->upvals[b]->v); - continue; - } - case OP_GETGLOBAL: { - TValue g; - TValue *rb = KBx(i); - sethvalue(L, &g, cl->env); - lua_assert(ttisstring(rb)); - Protect(luaV_gettable(L, &g, rb, ra)); - continue; - } - case OP_GETTABLE: { + ) + vmcase(OP_GETTABUP, + int b = GETARG_B(i); + Protect(luaV_gettable(L, cl->upvals[b]->v, RKC(i), ra)); + ) + vmcase(OP_GETTABLE, Protect(luaV_gettable(L, RB(i), RKC(i), ra)); - continue; - } - case OP_SETGLOBAL: { - TValue g; - sethvalue(L, &g, cl->env); - lua_assert(ttisstring(KBx(i))); - Protect(luaV_settable(L, &g, KBx(i), ra)); - continue; - } - case OP_SETUPVAL: { + ) + vmcase(OP_SETTABUP, + int a = GETARG_A(i); + Protect(luaV_settable(L, cl->upvals[a]->v, RKB(i), RKC(i))); + ) + vmcase(OP_SETUPVAL, UpVal *uv = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)]; setobj(L, uv->v, ra); luaC_barrier(L, uv, ra); - continue; - } - case OP_SETTABLE: { + ) + vmcase(OP_SETTABLE, Protect(luaV_settable(L, ra, RKB(i), RKC(i))); - continue; - } - case OP_NEWTABLE: { + ) + vmcase(OP_NEWTABLE, int b = GETARG_B(i); int c = GETARG_C(i); - sethvalue(L, ra, luaH_new(L, luaO_fb2int(b), luaO_fb2int(c))); - Protect(luaC_checkGC(L)); - continue; - } - case OP_SELF: { + Table *t = luaH_new(L); + sethvalue(L, ra, t); + if (b != 0 || c != 0) + luaH_resize(L, t, luaO_fb2int(b), luaO_fb2int(c)); + checkGC(L, ra + 1); + ) + vmcase(OP_SELF, StkId rb = RB(i); setobjs2s(L, ra+1, rb); Protect(luaV_gettable(L, rb, RKC(i), ra)); - continue; - } - case OP_ADD: { + ) + vmcase(OP_ADD, arith_op(luai_numadd, TM_ADD); - continue; - } - case OP_SUB: { + ) + vmcase(OP_SUB, arith_op(luai_numsub, TM_SUB); - continue; - } - case OP_MUL: { + ) + vmcase(OP_MUL, arith_op(luai_nummul, TM_MUL); - continue; - } - case OP_DIV: { + ) + vmcase(OP_DIV, arith_op(luai_numdiv, TM_DIV); - continue; - } - case OP_MOD: { + ) + vmcase(OP_MOD, arith_op(luai_nummod, TM_MOD); - continue; - } - case OP_POW: { + ) + vmcase(OP_POW, arith_op(luai_numpow, TM_POW); - continue; - } - case OP_UNM: { + ) + vmcase(OP_UNM, TValue *rb = RB(i); if (ttisnumber(rb)) { lua_Number nb = nvalue(rb); - setnvalue(ra, luai_numunm(nb)); + setnvalue(ra, luai_numunm(L, nb)); } else { - Protect(Arith(L, ra, rb, rb, TM_UNM)); + Protect(luaV_arith(L, ra, rb, rb, TM_UNM)); } - continue; - } - case OP_NOT: { - int res = l_isfalse(RB(i)); /* next assignment may change this value */ + ) + vmcase(OP_NOT, + TValue *rb = RB(i); + int res = l_isfalse(rb); /* next assignment may change this value */ setbvalue(ra, res); - continue; - } - case OP_LEN: { - const TValue *rb = RB(i); - switch (ttype(rb)) { - case LUA_TTABLE: { - setnvalue(ra, cast_num(luaH_getn(hvalue(rb)))); - break; - } - case LUA_TSTRING: { - setnvalue(ra, cast_num(tsvalue(rb)->len)); - break; - } - default: { /* try metamethod */ - Protect( - if (!call_binTM(L, rb, luaO_nilobject, ra, TM_LEN)) - luaG_typeerror(L, rb, "get length of"); - ) - } - } - continue; - } - case OP_CONCAT: { + ) + vmcase(OP_LEN, + Protect(luaV_objlen(L, ra, RB(i))); + ) + vmcase(OP_CONCAT, int b = GETARG_B(i); int c = GETARG_C(i); - Protect(luaV_concat(L, c-b+1, c); luaC_checkGC(L)); - setobjs2s(L, RA(i), base+b); - continue; - } - case OP_JMP: { - dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(i)); - continue; - } - case OP_EQ: { + StkId rb; + L->top = base + c + 1; /* mark the end of concat operands */ + Protect(luaV_concat(L, c - b + 1)); + ra = RA(i); /* 'luav_concat' may invoke TMs and move the stack */ + rb = b + base; + setobjs2s(L, ra, rb); + checkGC(L, (ra >= rb ? ra + 1 : rb)); + L->top = ci->top; /* restore top */ + ) + vmcase(OP_JMP, + dojump(ci, i, 0); + ) + vmcase(OP_EQ, TValue *rb = RKB(i); TValue *rc = RKC(i); Protect( - if (equalobj(L, rb, rc) == GETARG_A(i)) - dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); + if (cast_int(equalobj(L, rb, rc)) != GETARG_A(i)) + ci->u.l.savedpc++; + else + donextjump(ci); ) - pc++; - continue; - } - case OP_LT: { + ) + vmcase(OP_LT, Protect( - if (luaV_lessthan(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) == GETARG_A(i)) - dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); + if (luaV_lessthan(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) != GETARG_A(i)) + ci->u.l.savedpc++; + else + donextjump(ci); ) - pc++; - continue; - } - case OP_LE: { + ) + vmcase(OP_LE, Protect( - if (lessequal(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) == GETARG_A(i)) - dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); + if (luaV_lessequal(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) != GETARG_A(i)) + ci->u.l.savedpc++; + else + donextjump(ci); ) - pc++; - continue; - } - case OP_TEST: { - if (l_isfalse(ra) != GETARG_C(i)) - dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); - pc++; - continue; - } - case OP_TESTSET: { + ) + vmcase(OP_TEST, + if (GETARG_C(i) ? l_isfalse(ra) : !l_isfalse(ra)) + ci->u.l.savedpc++; + else + donextjump(ci); + ) + vmcase(OP_TESTSET, TValue *rb = RB(i); - if (l_isfalse(rb) != GETARG_C(i)) { + if (GETARG_C(i) ? l_isfalse(rb) : !l_isfalse(rb)) + ci->u.l.savedpc++; + else { setobjs2s(L, ra, rb); - dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); + donextjump(ci); } - pc++; - continue; - } - case OP_CALL: { + ) + vmcase(OP_CALL, int b = GETARG_B(i); int nresults = GETARG_C(i) - 1; if (b != 0) L->top = ra+b; /* else previous instruction set top */ - L->savedpc = pc; - switch (luaD_precall(L, ra, nresults)) { - case PCRLUA: { - nexeccalls++; - goto reentry; /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */ - } - case PCRC: { - /* it was a C function (`precall' called it); adjust results */ - if (nresults >= 0) L->top = L->ci->top; - base = L->base; - continue; - } - default: { - return; /* yield */ - } + if (luaD_precall(L, ra, nresults)) { /* C function? */ + if (nresults >= 0) L->top = ci->top; /* adjust results */ + base = ci->u.l.base; } - } - case OP_TAILCALL: { + else { /* Lua function */ + ci = L->ci; + ci->callstatus |= CIST_REENTRY; + goto newframe; /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */ + } + ) + vmcase(OP_TAILCALL, int b = GETARG_B(i); if (b != 0) L->top = ra+b; /* else previous instruction set top */ - L->savedpc = pc; lua_assert(GETARG_C(i) - 1 == LUA_MULTRET); - switch (luaD_precall(L, ra, LUA_MULTRET)) { - case PCRLUA: { - /* tail call: put new frame in place of previous one */ - CallInfo *ci = L->ci - 1; /* previous frame */ - int aux; - StkId func = ci->func; - StkId pfunc = (ci+1)->func; /* previous function index */ - if (L->openupval) luaF_close(L, ci->base); - L->base = ci->base = ci->func + ((ci+1)->base - pfunc); - for (aux = 0; pfunc+aux < L->top; aux++) /* move frame down */ - setobjs2s(L, func+aux, pfunc+aux); - ci->top = L->top = func+aux; /* correct top */ - lua_assert(L->top == L->base + clvalue(func)->l.p->maxstacksize); - ci->savedpc = L->savedpc; - ci->tailcalls++; /* one more call lost */ - L->ci--; /* remove new frame */ - goto reentry; - } - case PCRC: { /* it was a C function (`precall' called it) */ - base = L->base; - continue; - } - default: { - return; /* yield */ - } + if (luaD_precall(L, ra, LUA_MULTRET)) /* C function? */ + base = ci->u.l.base; + else { + /* tail call: put called frame (n) in place of caller one (o) */ + CallInfo *nci = L->ci; /* called frame */ + CallInfo *oci = nci->previous; /* caller frame */ + StkId nfunc = nci->func; /* called function */ + StkId ofunc = oci->func; /* caller function */ + /* last stack slot filled by 'precall' */ + StkId lim = nci->u.l.base + getproto(nfunc)->numparams; + int aux; + /* close all upvalues from previous call */ + if (cl->p->sizep > 0) luaF_close(L, oci->u.l.base); + /* move new frame into old one */ + for (aux = 0; nfunc + aux < lim; aux++) + setobjs2s(L, ofunc + aux, nfunc + aux); + oci->u.l.base = ofunc + (nci->u.l.base - nfunc); /* correct base */ + oci->top = L->top = ofunc + (L->top - nfunc); /* correct top */ + oci->u.l.savedpc = nci->u.l.savedpc; + oci->callstatus |= CIST_TAIL; /* function was tail called */ + ci = L->ci = oci; /* remove new frame */ + lua_assert(L->top == oci->u.l.base + getproto(ofunc)->maxstacksize); + goto newframe; /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */ } - } - case OP_RETURN: { + ) + vmcasenb(OP_RETURN, int b = GETARG_B(i); if (b != 0) L->top = ra+b-1; - if (L->openupval) luaF_close(L, base); - L->savedpc = pc; + if (cl->p->sizep > 0) luaF_close(L, base); b = luaD_poscall(L, ra); - if (--nexeccalls == 0) /* was previous function running `here'? */ - return; /* no: return */ - else { /* yes: continue its execution */ - if (b) L->top = L->ci->top; - lua_assert(isLua(L->ci)); - lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*((L->ci)->savedpc - 1)) == OP_CALL); - goto reentry; + if (!(ci->callstatus & CIST_REENTRY)) /* 'ci' still the called one */ + return; /* external invocation: return */ + else { /* invocation via reentry: continue execution */ + ci = L->ci; + if (b) L->top = ci->top; + lua_assert(isLua(ci)); + lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*((ci)->u.l.savedpc - 1)) == OP_CALL); + goto newframe; /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */ } - } - case OP_FORLOOP: { + ) + vmcase(OP_FORLOOP, lua_Number step = nvalue(ra+2); - lua_Number idx = luai_numadd(nvalue(ra), step); /* increment index */ + lua_Number idx = luai_numadd(L, nvalue(ra), step); /* increment index */ lua_Number limit = nvalue(ra+1); - if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numle(idx, limit) - : luai_numle(limit, idx)) { - dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(i)); /* jump back */ + if (luai_numlt(L, 0, step) ? luai_numle(L, idx, limit) + : luai_numle(L, limit, idx)) { + ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i); /* jump back */ setnvalue(ra, idx); /* update internal index... */ setnvalue(ra+3, idx); /* ...and external index */ } - continue; - } - case OP_FORPREP: { + ) + vmcase(OP_FORPREP, const TValue *init = ra; const TValue *plimit = ra+1; const TValue *pstep = ra+2; - L->savedpc = pc; /* next steps may throw errors */ if (!tonumber(init, ra)) luaG_runerror(L, LUA_QL("for") " initial value must be a number"); else if (!tonumber(plimit, ra+1)) luaG_runerror(L, LUA_QL("for") " limit must be a number"); else if (!tonumber(pstep, ra+2)) luaG_runerror(L, LUA_QL("for") " step must be a number"); - setnvalue(ra, luai_numsub(nvalue(ra), nvalue(pstep))); - dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(i)); - continue; - } - case OP_TFORLOOP: { + setnvalue(ra, luai_numsub(L, nvalue(ra), nvalue(pstep))); + ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i); + ) + vmcasenb(OP_TFORCALL, StkId cb = ra + 3; /* call base */ setobjs2s(L, cb+2, ra+2); setobjs2s(L, cb+1, ra+1); setobjs2s(L, cb, ra); - L->top = cb+3; /* func. + 2 args (state and index) */ - Protect(luaD_call(L, cb, GETARG_C(i))); - L->top = L->ci->top; - cb = RA(i) + 3; /* previous call may change the stack */ - if (!ttisnil(cb)) { /* continue loop? */ - setobjs2s(L, cb-1, cb); /* save control variable */ - dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); /* jump back */ + L->top = cb + 3; /* func. + 2 args (state and index) */ + Protect(luaD_call(L, cb, GETARG_C(i), 1)); + L->top = ci->top; + i = *(ci->u.l.savedpc++); /* go to next instruction */ + ra = RA(i); + lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TFORLOOP); + goto l_tforloop; + ) + vmcase(OP_TFORLOOP, + l_tforloop: + if (!ttisnil(ra + 1)) { /* continue loop? */ + setobjs2s(L, ra, ra + 1); /* save control variable */ + ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i); /* jump back */ } - pc++; - continue; - } - case OP_SETLIST: { + ) + vmcase(OP_SETLIST, int n = GETARG_B(i); int c = GETARG_C(i); int last; Table *h; - if (n == 0) { - n = cast_int(L->top - ra) - 1; - L->top = L->ci->top; + if (n == 0) n = cast_int(L->top - ra) - 1; + if (c == 0) { + lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_EXTRAARG); + c = GETARG_Ax(*ci->u.l.savedpc++); } - if (c == 0) c = cast_int(*pc++); - runtime_check(L, ttistable(ra)); + luai_runtimecheck(L, ttistable(ra)); h = hvalue(ra); last = ((c-1)*LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH) + n; if (last > h->sizearray) /* needs more space? */ - luaH_resizearray(L, h, last); /* pre-alloc it at once */ + luaH_resizearray(L, h, last); /* pre-allocate it at once */ for (; n > 0; n--) { TValue *val = ra+n; - setobj2t(L, luaH_setnum(L, h, last--), val); - luaC_barriert(L, h, val); + luaH_setint(L, h, last--, val); + luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(h), val); } - continue; - } - case OP_CLOSE: { - luaF_close(L, ra); - continue; - } - case OP_CLOSURE: { - Proto *p; - Closure *ncl; - int nup, j; - p = cl->p->p[GETARG_Bx(i)]; - nup = p->nups; - ncl = luaF_newLclosure(L, nup, cl->env); - ncl->l.p = p; - for (j=0; jl.upvals[j] = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(*pc)]; - else { - lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*pc) == OP_MOVE); - ncl->l.upvals[j] = luaF_findupval(L, base + GETARG_B(*pc)); - } - } - setclvalue(L, ra, ncl); - Protect(luaC_checkGC(L)); - continue; - } - case OP_VARARG: { + L->top = ci->top; /* correct top (in case of previous open call) */ + ) + vmcase(OP_CLOSURE, + Proto *p = cl->p->p[GETARG_Bx(i)]; + Closure *ncl = getcached(p, cl->upvals, base); /* cached closure */ + if (ncl == NULL) /* no match? */ + pushclosure(L, p, cl->upvals, base, ra); /* create a new one */ + else + setclLvalue(L, ra, ncl); /* push cashed closure */ + checkGC(L, ra + 1); + ) + vmcase(OP_VARARG, int b = GETARG_B(i) - 1; int j; - CallInfo *ci = L->ci; - int n = cast_int(ci->base - ci->func) - cl->p->numparams - 1; - if (b == LUA_MULTRET) { + int n = cast_int(base - ci->func) - cl->p->numparams - 1; + if (b < 0) { /* B == 0? */ + b = n; /* get all var. arguments */ Protect(luaD_checkstack(L, n)); ra = RA(i); /* previous call may change the stack */ - b = n; L->top = ra + n; } for (j = 0; j < b; j++) { if (j < n) { - setobjs2s(L, ra + j, ci->base - n + j); + setobjs2s(L, ra + j, base - n + j); } else { setnilvalue(ra + j); } } - continue; - } + ) + vmcase(OP_EXTRAARG, + lua_assert(0); + ) } } } diff --git a/lua/src/lvm.h b/lua/src/lvm.h index bfe4f567..5380270d 100644 --- a/lua/src/lvm.h +++ b/lua/src/lvm.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lvm.h,v 2.5.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lvm.h,v 2.18.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Lua virtual machine ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -13,24 +13,32 @@ #include "ltm.h" -#define tostring(L,o) ((ttype(o) == LUA_TSTRING) || (luaV_tostring(L, o))) +#define tostring(L,o) (ttisstring(o) || (luaV_tostring(L, o))) -#define tonumber(o,n) (ttype(o) == LUA_TNUMBER || \ - (((o) = luaV_tonumber(o,n)) != NULL)) +#define tonumber(o,n) (ttisnumber(o) || (((o) = luaV_tonumber(o,n)) != NULL)) -#define equalobj(L,o1,o2) \ - (ttype(o1) == ttype(o2) && luaV_equalval(L, o1, o2)) +#define equalobj(L,o1,o2) (ttisequal(o1, o2) && luaV_equalobj_(L, o1, o2)) + +#define luaV_rawequalobj(o1,o2) equalobj(NULL,o1,o2) + + +/* not to called directly */ +LUAI_FUNC int luaV_equalobj_ (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2); LUAI_FUNC int luaV_lessthan (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r); -LUAI_FUNC int luaV_equalval (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2); +LUAI_FUNC int luaV_lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r); LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaV_tonumber (const TValue *obj, TValue *n); LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tostring (lua_State *L, StkId obj); LUAI_FUNC void luaV_gettable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val); LUAI_FUNC void luaV_settable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val); -LUAI_FUNC void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, int nexeccalls); -LUAI_FUNC void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total, int last); +LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L); +LUAI_FUNC void luaV_execute (lua_State *L); +LUAI_FUNC void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total); +LUAI_FUNC void luaV_arith (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb, + const TValue *rc, TMS op); +LUAI_FUNC void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb); #endif diff --git a/lua/src/lzio.c b/lua/src/lzio.c index 293edd59..20efea98 100644 --- a/lua/src/lzio.c +++ b/lua/src/lzio.c @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ /* -** $Id: lzio.c,v 1.31.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ -** a generic input stream interface +** $Id: lzio.c,v 1.35.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ +** Buffered streams ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -25,23 +25,11 @@ int luaZ_fill (ZIO *z) { lua_unlock(L); buff = z->reader(L, z->data, &size); lua_lock(L); - if (buff == NULL || size == 0) return EOZ; - z->n = size - 1; + if (buff == NULL || size == 0) + return EOZ; + z->n = size - 1; /* discount char being returned */ z->p = buff; - return char2int(*(z->p++)); -} - - -int luaZ_lookahead (ZIO *z) { - if (z->n == 0) { - if (luaZ_fill(z) == EOZ) - return EOZ; - else { - z->n++; /* luaZ_fill removed first byte; put back it */ - z->p--; - } - } - return char2int(*z->p); + return cast_uchar(*(z->p++)); } @@ -58,8 +46,14 @@ void luaZ_init (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, lua_Reader reader, void *data) { size_t luaZ_read (ZIO *z, void *b, size_t n) { while (n) { size_t m; - if (luaZ_lookahead(z) == EOZ) - return n; /* return number of missing bytes */ + if (z->n == 0) { /* no bytes in buffer? */ + if (luaZ_fill(z) == EOZ) /* try to read more */ + return n; /* no more input; return number of missing bytes */ + else { + z->n++; /* luaZ_fill consumed first byte; put it back */ + z->p--; + } + } m = (n <= z->n) ? n : z->n; /* min. between n and z->n */ memcpy(b, z->p, m); z->n -= m; diff --git a/lua/src/lzio.h b/lua/src/lzio.h index 51d695d8..441f7479 100644 --- a/lua/src/lzio.h +++ b/lua/src/lzio.h @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ /* -** $Id: lzio.h,v 1.21.1.1 2007/12/27 13:02:25 roberto Exp $ +** $Id: lzio.h,v 1.26.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $ ** Buffered streams ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ @@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ typedef struct Zio ZIO; -#define char2int(c) cast(int, cast(unsigned char, (c))) +#define zgetc(z) (((z)->n--)>0 ? cast_uchar(*(z)->p++) : luaZ_fill(z)) -#define zgetc(z) (((z)->n--)>0 ? char2int(*(z)->p++) : luaZ_fill(z)) typedef struct Mbuffer { char *buffer; @@ -47,7 +46,6 @@ LUAI_FUNC char *luaZ_openspace (lua_State *L, Mbuffer *buff, size_t n); LUAI_FUNC void luaZ_init (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, lua_Reader reader, void *data); LUAI_FUNC size_t luaZ_read (ZIO* z, void* b, size_t n); /* read next n bytes */ -LUAI_FUNC int luaZ_lookahead (ZIO *z); @@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ LUAI_FUNC int luaZ_lookahead (ZIO *z); struct Zio { size_t n; /* bytes still unread */ const char *p; /* current position in buffer */ - lua_Reader reader; + lua_Reader reader; /* reader function */ void* data; /* additional data */ lua_State *L; /* Lua state (for reader) */ };