/*
===========================================================================

Doom 3 GPL Source Code
Copyright (C) 1999-2011 id Software LLC, a ZeniMax Media company.

This file is part of the Doom 3 GPL Source Code ("Doom 3 Source Code").

Doom 3 Source Code is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

Doom 3 Source Code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with Doom 3 Source Code.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

In addition, the Doom 3 Source Code is also subject to certain additional terms. You should have received a copy of these additional terms immediately following the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License which accompanied the Doom 3 Source Code.  If not, please request a copy in writing from id Software at the address below.

If you have questions concerning this license or the applicable additional terms, you may contact in writing id Software LLC, c/o ZeniMax Media Inc., Suite 120, Rockville, Maryland 20850 USA.

===========================================================================
*/

#include "sys/platform.h"

#include "idlib/geometry/Surface_Patch.h"

/*
=================
idSurface_Patch::SetSize
=================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::SetSize( int patchWidth, int patchHeight ) {
	if ( patchWidth < 1 || patchWidth > maxWidth ) {
		idLib::common->FatalError("idSurface_Patch::SetSize: invalid patchWidth");
	}
	if ( patchHeight < 1 || patchHeight > maxHeight ) {
		idLib::common->FatalError("idSurface_Patch::SetSize: invalid patchHeight");
	}
	width = patchWidth;
	height = patchHeight;
	verts.SetNum( width * height, false );
}

/*
=================
idSurface_Patch::PutOnCurve

Expects an expanded patch.
=================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::PutOnCurve( void ) {
	int i, j;
	idDrawVert prev, next;

	assert( expanded == true );
	// put all the approximating points on the curve
	for ( i = 0; i < width; i++ ) {
		for ( j = 1; j < height; j += 2 ) {
			LerpVert( verts[j*maxWidth+i], verts[(j+1)*maxWidth+i], prev );
			LerpVert( verts[j*maxWidth+i], verts[(j-1)*maxWidth+i], next );
			LerpVert( prev, next, verts[j*maxWidth+i] );
		}
	}

	for ( j = 0; j < height; j++ ) {
		for ( i = 1; i < width; i += 2 ) {
			LerpVert( verts[j*maxWidth+i], verts[j*maxWidth+i+1], prev );
			LerpVert( verts[j*maxWidth+i], verts[j*maxWidth+i-1], next );
			LerpVert( prev, next, verts[j*maxWidth+i] );
		}
	}
}

/*
================
idSurface_Patch::ProjectPointOntoVector
================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::ProjectPointOntoVector( const idVec3 &point, const idVec3 &vStart, const idVec3 &vEnd, idVec3 &vProj ) {
	idVec3 pVec, vec;

	pVec = point - vStart;
	vec = vEnd - vStart;
	vec.Normalize();
	// project onto the directional vector for this segment
	vProj = vStart + (pVec * vec) * vec;
}

/*
================
idSurface_Patch::RemoveLinearColumnsRows

Expects an expanded patch.
================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::RemoveLinearColumnsRows( void ) {
	int i, j, k;
	float len, maxLength;
	idVec3 proj, dir;

	assert( expanded == true );
	for ( j = 1; j < width - 1; j++ ) {
		maxLength = 0;
		for ( i = 0; i < height; i++ ) {
			idSurface_Patch::ProjectPointOntoVector( verts[i*maxWidth + j].xyz,
									verts[i*maxWidth + j-1].xyz, verts[i*maxWidth + j+1].xyz, proj);
			dir = verts[i*maxWidth + j].xyz - proj;
			len = dir.LengthSqr();
			if ( len > maxLength ) {
				maxLength = len;
			}
		}
		if ( maxLength < Square( 0.2f ) ) {
			width--;
			for ( i = 0; i < height; i++ ) {
				for ( k = j; k < width; k++ ) {
					verts[i*maxWidth + k] = verts[i*maxWidth + k+1];
				}
			}
			j--;
		}
	}
	for ( j = 1; j < height - 1; j++ ) {
		maxLength = 0;
		for ( i = 0; i < width; i++ ) {
			idSurface_Patch::ProjectPointOntoVector( verts[j*maxWidth + i].xyz,
									verts[(j-1)*maxWidth + i].xyz, verts[(j+1)*maxWidth + i].xyz, proj);
			dir = verts[j*maxWidth + i].xyz - proj;
			len = dir.LengthSqr();
			if ( len > maxLength ) {
				maxLength = len;
			}
		}
		if ( maxLength < Square( 0.2f ) ) {
			height--;
			for ( i = 0; i < width; i++ ) {
				for ( k = j; k < height; k++ ) {
					verts[k*maxWidth + i] = verts[(k+1)*maxWidth + i];
				}
			}
			j--;
		}
	}
}

/*
================
idSurface_Patch::ResizeExpanded
================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::ResizeExpanded( int newHeight, int newWidth ) {
	int i, j;

	assert( expanded == true );
	if ( newHeight <= maxHeight && newWidth <= maxWidth ) {
		return;
	}
	if ( newHeight * newWidth > maxHeight * maxWidth ) {
		verts.SetNum( newHeight * newWidth );
	}
	// space out verts for new height and width
	for ( j = maxHeight-1; j >= 0; j-- ) {
		for ( i = maxWidth-1; i >= 0; i-- ) {
			verts[j*newWidth + i] = verts[j*maxWidth + i];
		}
	}
	maxHeight = newHeight;
	maxWidth = newWidth;
}

/*
================
idSurface_Patch::Collapse
================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::Collapse( void ) {
	int i, j;

	if ( !expanded ) {
		idLib::common->FatalError("idSurface_Patch::Collapse: patch not expanded");
	}
	expanded = false;
	if ( width != maxWidth ) {
		for ( j = 0; j < height; j++ ) {
			for ( i = 0; i < width; i++ ) {
				verts[j*width + i] = verts[j*maxWidth + i];
			}
		}
	}
	verts.SetNum( width * height, false );
}

/*
================
idSurface_Patch::Expand
================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::Expand( void ) {
	int i, j;

	if ( expanded ) {
		idLib::common->FatalError("idSurface_Patch::Expand: patch alread expanded");
	}
	expanded = true;
	verts.SetNum( maxWidth * maxHeight, false );
	if ( width != maxWidth ) {
		for ( j = height-1; j >= 0; j-- ) {
			for ( i = width-1; i >= 0; i-- ) {
				verts[j*maxWidth + i] = verts[j*width + i];
			}
		}
	}
}

/*
============
idSurface_Patch::LerpVert
============
*/
void idSurface_Patch::LerpVert( const idDrawVert &a, const idDrawVert &b, idDrawVert &out ) const {
	// DG: TODO: what about out.tangent and out.color ?
	out.xyz[0] = 0.5f * ( a.xyz[0] + b.xyz[0] );
	out.xyz[1] = 0.5f * ( a.xyz[1] + b.xyz[1] );
	out.xyz[2] = 0.5f * ( a.xyz[2] + b.xyz[2] );
	out.normal[0] = 0.5f * ( a.normal[0] + b.normal[0] );
	out.normal[1] = 0.5f * ( a.normal[1] + b.normal[1] );
	out.normal[2] = 0.5f * ( a.normal[2] + b.normal[2] );
	out.st[0] = 0.5f * ( a.st[0] + b.st[0] );
	out.st[1] = 0.5f * ( a.st[1] + b.st[1] );
}

/*
=================
idSurface_Patch::GenerateNormals

Handles all the complicated wrapping and degenerate cases
Expects a Not expanded patch.
=================
*/
#define	COPLANAR_EPSILON	0.1f

void idSurface_Patch::GenerateNormals( void ) {
	int			i, j, k, dist;
	idVec3		norm;
	idVec3		sum;
	int			count;
	idVec3		base;
	idVec3		delta;
	int			x, y;
	idVec3		around[8], temp;
	bool		good[8];
	bool		wrapWidth, wrapHeight;
	static int	neighbors[8][2] = {
		{0,1}, {1,1}, {1,0}, {1,-1}, {0,-1}, {-1,-1}, {-1,0}, {-1,1}
	};

	assert( expanded == false );

	//
	// if all points are coplanar, set all normals to that plane
	//
	idVec3		extent[3];
	float		offset;

	extent[0] = verts[width - 1].xyz - verts[0].xyz;
	extent[1] = verts[(height-1) * width + width - 1].xyz - verts[0].xyz;
	extent[2] = verts[(height-1) * width].xyz - verts[0].xyz;

	norm = extent[0].Cross( extent[1] );
	if ( norm.LengthSqr() == 0.0f ) {
		norm = extent[0].Cross( extent[2] );
		if ( norm.LengthSqr() == 0.0f ) {
			norm = extent[1].Cross( extent[2] );
		}
	}

	// wrapped patched may not get a valid normal here
	if ( norm.Normalize() != 0.0f ) {

		offset = verts[0].xyz * norm;
		for ( i = 1; i < width * height; i++ ) {
			float d = verts[i].xyz * norm;
			if ( idMath::Fabs( d - offset ) > COPLANAR_EPSILON ) {
				break;
			}
		}

		if ( i == width * height ) {
			// all are coplanar
			for ( i = 0; i < width * height; i++ ) {
				verts[i].normal = norm;
			}
			return;
		}
	}

	// check for wrapped edge cases, which should smooth across themselves
	wrapWidth = false;
	for ( i = 0; i < height; i++ ) {
		delta = verts[i * width].xyz - verts[i * width + width-1].xyz;
		if ( delta.LengthSqr() > Square( 1.0f ) ) {
			break;
		}
	}
	if ( i == height ) {
		wrapWidth = true;
	}

	wrapHeight = false;
	for ( i = 0; i < width; i++ ) {
		delta = verts[i].xyz - verts[(height-1) * width + i].xyz;
		if ( delta.LengthSqr() > Square( 1.0f ) ) {
			break;
		}
	}
	if ( i == width ) {
		wrapHeight = true;
	}

	for ( i = 0; i < width; i++ ) {
		for ( j = 0; j < height; j++ ) {
			count = 0;
			base = verts[j * width + i].xyz;
			for ( k = 0; k < 8; k++ ) {
				around[k] = vec3_origin;
				good[k] = false;

				for ( dist = 1; dist <= 3; dist++ ) {
					x = i + neighbors[k][0] * dist;
					y = j + neighbors[k][1] * dist;
					if ( wrapWidth ) {
						if ( x < 0 ) {
							x = width - 1 + x;
						} else if ( x >= width ) {
							x = 1 + x - width;
						}
					}
					if ( wrapHeight ) {
						if ( y < 0 ) {
							y = height - 1 + y;
						} else if ( y >= height ) {
							y = 1 + y - height;
						}
					}

					if ( x < 0 || x >= width || y < 0 || y >= height ) {
						break;					// edge of patch
					}
					temp = verts[y * width + x].xyz - base;
					if ( temp.Normalize() == 0.0f ) {
						continue;				// degenerate edge, get more dist
					} else {
						good[k] = true;
						around[k] = temp;
						break;					// good edge
					}
				}
			}

			sum = vec3_origin;
			for ( k = 0; k < 8; k++ ) {
				if ( !good[k] || !good[(k+1)&7] ) {
					continue;	// didn't get two points
				}
				norm = around[(k+1)&7].Cross( around[k] );
				if ( norm.Normalize() == 0.0f ) {
					continue;
				}
				sum += norm;
				count++;
			}
			if ( count == 0 ) {
				//idLib::common->Printf("bad normal\n");
				count = 1;
			}
			verts[j * width + i].normal = sum;
			verts[j * width + i].normal.Normalize();
		}
	}
}

/*
=================
idSurface_Patch::GenerateIndexes
=================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::GenerateIndexes( void ) {
	int i, j, v1, v2, v3, v4, index;

	indexes.SetNum( (width-1) * (height-1) * 2 * 3, false );
	index = 0;
	for ( i = 0; i < width - 1; i++ ) {
		for ( j = 0; j < height - 1; j++ ) {
			v1 = j * width + i;
			v2 = v1 + 1;
			v3 = v1 + width + 1;
			v4 = v1 + width;
			indexes[index++] = v1;
			indexes[index++] = v3;
			indexes[index++] = v2;
			indexes[index++] = v1;
			indexes[index++] = v4;
			indexes[index++] = v3;
		}
	}

	GenerateEdgeIndexes();
}

/*
===============
idSurface_Patch::SampleSinglePatchPoint
===============
*/
void idSurface_Patch::SampleSinglePatchPoint( const idDrawVert ctrl[3][3], float u, float v, idDrawVert *out ) const {
	float	vCtrl[3][8];
	int		vPoint;
	int		axis;

	// find the control points for the v coordinate
	for ( vPoint = 0; vPoint < 3; vPoint++ ) {
		for ( axis = 0; axis < 8; axis++ ) {
			float a, b, c;
			float qA, qB, qC;
			if ( axis < 3 ) {
				a = ctrl[0][vPoint].xyz[axis];
				b = ctrl[1][vPoint].xyz[axis];
				c = ctrl[2][vPoint].xyz[axis];
			} else if ( axis < 6 ) {
				a = ctrl[0][vPoint].normal[axis-3];
				b = ctrl[1][vPoint].normal[axis-3];
				c = ctrl[2][vPoint].normal[axis-3];
			} else {
				a = ctrl[0][vPoint].st[axis-6];
				b = ctrl[1][vPoint].st[axis-6];
				c = ctrl[2][vPoint].st[axis-6];
			}
			qA = a - 2.0f * b + c;
			qB = 2.0f * b - 2.0f * a;
			qC = a;
			vCtrl[vPoint][axis] = qA * u * u + qB * u + qC;
		}
	}

	// interpolate the v value
	for ( axis = 0; axis < 8; axis++ ) {
		float a, b, c;
		float qA, qB, qC;

		a = vCtrl[0][axis];
		b = vCtrl[1][axis];
		c = vCtrl[2][axis];
		qA = a - 2.0f * b + c;
		qB = 2.0f * b - 2.0f * a;
		qC = a;

		if ( axis < 3 ) {
			out->xyz[axis] = qA * v * v + qB * v + qC;
		} else if ( axis < 6 ) {
			out->normal[axis-3] = qA * v * v + qB * v + qC;
		} else {
			out->st[axis-6] = qA * v * v + qB * v + qC;
		}
	}
}

/*
===================
idSurface_Patch::SampleSinglePatch
===================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::SampleSinglePatch( const idDrawVert ctrl[3][3], int baseCol, int baseRow, int width, int horzSub, int vertSub, idDrawVert *outVerts ) const {
	int		i, j;
	float	u, v;

	horzSub++;
	vertSub++;
	for ( i = 0; i < horzSub; i++ ) {
		for ( j = 0; j < vertSub; j++ ) {
			u = (float) i / ( horzSub - 1 );
			v = (float) j / ( vertSub - 1 );
			SampleSinglePatchPoint( ctrl, u, v, &outVerts[((baseRow + j) * width) + i + baseCol] );
		}
	}
}

/*
=================
idSurface_Patch::SubdivideExplicit
=================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::SubdivideExplicit( int horzSubdivisions, int vertSubdivisions, bool genNormals, bool removeLinear ) {
	int i, j, k, l;
	idDrawVert sample[3][3];
	int outWidth = ((width - 1) / 2 * horzSubdivisions) + 1;
	int outHeight = ((height - 1) / 2 * vertSubdivisions) + 1;
	idDrawVert *dv = new idDrawVert[ outWidth * outHeight ];

	// generate normals for the control mesh
	if ( genNormals ) {
		GenerateNormals();
	}

	int baseCol = 0;
	for ( i = 0; i + 2 < width; i += 2 ) {
		int baseRow = 0;
		for ( j = 0; j + 2 < height; j += 2 ) {
			for ( k = 0; k < 3; k++ ) {
				for ( l = 0; l < 3; l++ ) {
					sample[k][l] = verts[ ((j + l) * width) + i + k ];
				}
			}
			SampleSinglePatch( sample, baseCol, baseRow, outWidth, horzSubdivisions, vertSubdivisions, dv );
			baseRow += vertSubdivisions;
		}
		baseCol += horzSubdivisions;
	}
	verts.SetNum( outWidth * outHeight );
	for ( i = 0; i < outWidth * outHeight; i++ ) {
		verts[i] = dv[i];
	}

	delete[] dv;

	width = maxWidth = outWidth;
	height = maxHeight = outHeight;
	expanded = false;

	if ( removeLinear ) {
		Expand();
		RemoveLinearColumnsRows();
		Collapse();
	}

	// normalize all the lerped normals
	if ( genNormals ) {
		for ( i = 0; i < width * height; i++ ) {
			verts[i].normal.Normalize();
		}
	}

	GenerateIndexes();
}

/*
=================
idSurface_Patch::Subdivide
=================
*/
void idSurface_Patch::Subdivide( float maxHorizontalError, float maxVerticalError, float maxLength, bool genNormals ) {
	int			i, j, k, l;
	// DG: to shut up GCC (maybe-)uninitialized warnings, initialize prev, next and mid
	//     (maybe the warnings were at least partly correct, because .tangent and .color aren't set by idSurface_Patch::LerpVert())
	idDrawVert	prev;
	prev.Clear();
	idDrawVert next = prev, mid = prev;
	idVec3		prevxyz, nextxyz, midxyz;
	idVec3		delta;
	float		maxHorizontalErrorSqr, maxVerticalErrorSqr, maxLengthSqr;

	// generate normals for the control mesh
	if ( genNormals ) {
		GenerateNormals();
	}

	maxHorizontalErrorSqr = Square( maxHorizontalError );
	maxVerticalErrorSqr = Square( maxVerticalError );
	maxLengthSqr = Square( maxLength );

	Expand();

	// horizontal subdivisions
	for ( j = 0; j + 2 < width; j += 2 ) {
		// check subdivided midpoints against control points
		for ( i = 0; i < height; i++ ) {
			for ( l = 0; l < 3; l++ ) {
				prevxyz[l] = verts[i*maxWidth + j+1].xyz[l] - verts[i*maxWidth + j  ].xyz[l];
				nextxyz[l] = verts[i*maxWidth + j+2].xyz[l] - verts[i*maxWidth + j+1].xyz[l];
				midxyz[l] = (verts[i*maxWidth + j  ].xyz[l] + verts[i*maxWidth + j+1].xyz[l] * 2.0f +
														   verts[i*maxWidth + j+2].xyz[l] ) * 0.25f;
			}

			if ( maxLength > 0.0f ) {
				// if the span length is too long, force a subdivision
				if ( prevxyz.LengthSqr() > maxLengthSqr || nextxyz.LengthSqr() > maxLengthSqr ) {
					break;
				}
			}
			// see if this midpoint is off far enough to subdivide
			delta = verts[i*maxWidth + j+1].xyz - midxyz;
			if ( delta.LengthSqr() > maxHorizontalErrorSqr ) {
				break;
			}
		}

		if ( i == height ) {
			continue;	// didn't need subdivision
		}

		if ( width + 2 >= maxWidth ) {
			ResizeExpanded( maxHeight, maxWidth + 4 );
		}

		// insert two columns and replace the peak
		width += 2;

		for ( i = 0; i < height; i++ ) {
			idSurface_Patch::LerpVert( verts[i*maxWidth + j  ], verts[i*maxWidth + j+1], prev );
			idSurface_Patch::LerpVert( verts[i*maxWidth + j+1], verts[i*maxWidth + j+2], next );
			idSurface_Patch::LerpVert( prev, next, mid );

			for ( k = width - 1; k > j + 3; k-- ) {
				verts[i*maxWidth + k] = verts[i*maxWidth + k-2];
			}
			verts[i*maxWidth + j+1] = prev;
			verts[i*maxWidth + j+2] = mid;
			verts[i*maxWidth + j+3] = next;
		}

		// back up and recheck this set again, it may need more subdivision
		j -= 2;
	}

	// vertical subdivisions
	for ( j = 0; j + 2 < height; j += 2 ) {
		// check subdivided midpoints against control points
		for ( i = 0; i < width; i++ ) {
			for ( l = 0; l < 3; l++ ) {
				prevxyz[l] = verts[(j+1)*maxWidth + i].xyz[l] - verts[j*maxWidth + i].xyz[l];
				nextxyz[l] = verts[(j+2)*maxWidth + i].xyz[l] - verts[(j+1)*maxWidth + i].xyz[l];
				midxyz[l] = (verts[j*maxWidth + i].xyz[l] + verts[(j+1)*maxWidth + i].xyz[l] * 2.0f +
														verts[(j+2)*maxWidth + i].xyz[l] ) * 0.25f;
			}

			if ( maxLength > 0.0f ) {
				// if the span length is too long, force a subdivision
				if ( prevxyz.LengthSqr() > maxLengthSqr || nextxyz.LengthSqr() > maxLengthSqr ) {
					break;
				}
			}
			// see if this midpoint is off far enough to subdivide
			delta = verts[(j+1)*maxWidth + i].xyz - midxyz;
			if ( delta.LengthSqr() > maxVerticalErrorSqr ) {
				break;
			}
		}

		if ( i == width ) {
			continue;	// didn't need subdivision
		}

		if ( height + 2 >= maxHeight ) {
			ResizeExpanded( maxHeight + 4, maxWidth );
		}

		// insert two columns and replace the peak
		height += 2;

		for ( i = 0; i < width; i++ ) {
			LerpVert( verts[j*maxWidth + i], verts[(j+1)*maxWidth + i], prev );
			LerpVert( verts[(j+1)*maxWidth + i], verts[(j+2)*maxWidth + i], next );
			LerpVert( prev, next, mid );

			for ( k = height - 1; k > j + 3; k-- ) {
				verts[k*maxWidth + i] = verts[(k-2)*maxWidth + i];
			}
			verts[(j+1)*maxWidth + i] = prev;
			verts[(j+2)*maxWidth + i] = mid;
			verts[(j+3)*maxWidth + i] = next;
		}

		// back up and recheck this set again, it may need more subdivision
		j -= 2;
	}

	PutOnCurve();

	RemoveLinearColumnsRows();

	Collapse();

	// normalize all the lerped normals
	if ( genNormals ) {
		for ( i = 0; i < width * height; i++ ) {
			verts[i].normal.Normalize();
		}
	}

	GenerateIndexes();
}