gmqcc/ast.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2012
 *     Wolfgang Bumiller
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
 * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
 * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
 * use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
 * of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
 * so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
 * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 * SOFTWARE.
 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "gmqcc.h"
#include "ast.h"

#define ast_instantiate(T, ctx, destroyfn)                          \
    T* self = (T*)mem_a(sizeof(T));                                 \
    if (!self) {                                                    \
        return NULL;                                                \
    }                                                               \
    ast_node_init((ast_node*)self, ctx);                            \
    ( (ast_node*)self )->node.destroy = (ast_node_delete*)destroyfn

/* It must not be possible to get here. */
static void _ast_node_destroy(ast_node *self)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "ast node missing destroy()\n");
    abort();
}

/* Initialize main ast node aprts */
static void ast_node_init(ast_node *self, lex_ctx ctx)
{
    self->node.context = ctx;
    self->node.destroy = &_ast_node_destroy;
    self->node.keep    = false;
}

/* General expression initialization */
static void ast_expression_init(ast_expression *self,
                                ast_expression_codegen *codegen)
{
    self->expression.codegen = codegen;
}

ast_value* ast_value_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name, int t)
{
    ast_instantiate(ast_value, ctx, ast_value_delete);
    ast_expression_init((ast_expression*)self,
                        (ast_expression_codegen*)&ast_value_codegen);
    self->expression.node.keep = true; /* keep */

    self->name = name ? util_strdup(name) : NULL;
    self->vtype = t;
    self->next = NULL;
    MEM_VECTOR_INIT(self, params);
    self->isconst = false;
    memset(&self->constval, 0, sizeof(self->constval));

    self->ir_v    = NULL;

    return self;
}
MEM_VEC_FUNCTIONS(ast_value, ast_value*, params)

void ast_value_delete(ast_value* self)
{
    size_t i;
    if (self->name)
        mem_d((void*)self->name);
    for (i = 0; i < self->params_count; ++i)
        ast_value_delete(self->params[i]); /* delete, the ast_function is expected to die first */
    MEM_VECTOR_CLEAR(self, params);
    if (self->next) /* delete, not unref, types are always copied */
        ast_delete(self->next);
    if (self->isconst) {
        switch (self->vtype)
        {
        case TYPE_STRING:
            mem_d((void*)self->constval.vstring);
            break;
        case TYPE_FUNCTION:
            /* unlink us from the function node */
            self->constval.vfunc->vtype = NULL;
            break;
        /* NOTE: delete function? currently collected in
         * the parser structure
         */
        default:
            break;
        }
    }
    mem_d(self);
}

bool ast_value_set_name(ast_value *self, const char *name)
{
    if (self->name)
        mem_d((void*)self->name);
    self->name = util_strdup(name);
    return !!self->name;
}

ast_binary* ast_binary_new(lex_ctx ctx, int op,
                           ast_expression* left, ast_expression* right)
{
    ast_instantiate(ast_binary, ctx, ast_binary_delete);
    ast_expression_init((ast_expression*)self, (ast_expression_codegen*)&ast_binary_codegen);

    self->op = op;
    self->left = left;
    self->right = right;

    return self;
}

void ast_binary_delete(ast_binary *self)
{
    ast_unref(self->left);
    ast_unref(self->right);
    mem_d(self);
}

ast_entfield* ast_entfield_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *entity, ast_expression *field)
{
    ast_instantiate(ast_entfield, ctx, ast_entfield_delete);
    ast_expression_init((ast_expression*)self, (ast_expression_codegen*)&ast_entfield_codegen);

    self->entity = entity;
    self->field  = field;

    return self;
}

void ast_entfield_delete(ast_entfield *self)
{
    ast_unref(self->entity);
    ast_unref(self->field);
    mem_d(self);
}

ast_ifthen* ast_ifthen_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *cond, ast_expression *ontrue, ast_expression *onfalse)
{
    ast_instantiate(ast_ifthen, ctx, ast_ifthen_delete);
    if (!ontrue && !onfalse) {
        /* because it is invalid */
        mem_d(self);
        return NULL;
    }
    ast_expression_init((ast_expression*)self, (ast_expression_codegen*)&ast_ifthen_codegen);

    self->cond     = cond;
    self->on_true  = ontrue;
    self->on_false = onfalse;

    return self;
}

void ast_ifthen_delete(ast_ifthen *self)
{
    ast_unref(self->cond);
    ast_unref(self->on_true);
    ast_unref(self->on_false);
    mem_d(self);
}

ast_ternary* ast_ternary_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *cond, ast_expression *ontrue, ast_expression *onfalse)
{
    ast_instantiate(ast_ternary, ctx, ast_ternary_delete);
    /* This time NEITHER must be NULL */
    if (!ontrue || !onfalse) {
        mem_d(self);
        return NULL;
    }
    ast_expression_init((ast_expression*)self, (ast_expression_codegen*)&ast_ternary_codegen);

    self->cond     = cond;
    self->on_true  = ontrue;
    self->on_false = onfalse;
    self->phi_out  = NULL;

    return self;
}

void ast_ternary_delete(ast_ternary *self)
{
    ast_unref(self->cond);
    ast_unref(self->on_true);
    ast_unref(self->on_false);
    mem_d(self);
}

ast_store* ast_store_new(lex_ctx ctx, int op,
                         ast_value *dest, ast_expression *source)
{
    ast_instantiate(ast_store, ctx, ast_store_delete);
    ast_expression_init((ast_expression*)self, (ast_expression_codegen*)&ast_store_codegen);

    self->op = op;
    self->dest = dest;
    self->source = source;

    return self;
}

void ast_store_delete(ast_store *self)
{
    ast_unref(self->dest);
    ast_unref(self->source);
    mem_d(self);
}

ast_block* ast_block_new(lex_ctx ctx)
{
    ast_instantiate(ast_block, ctx, ast_block_delete);
    ast_expression_init((ast_expression*)self,
                        (ast_expression_codegen*)&ast_block_codegen);

    MEM_VECTOR_INIT(self, locals);
    MEM_VECTOR_INIT(self, exprs);

    return self;
}
MEM_VEC_FUNCTIONS(ast_block, ast_value*, locals)
MEM_VEC_FUNCTIONS(ast_block, ast_expression*, exprs)

void ast_block_delete(ast_block *self)
{
    size_t i;
    for (i = 0; i < self->exprs_count; ++i)
        ast_unref(self->exprs[i]);
    MEM_VECTOR_CLEAR(self, exprs);
    for (i = 0; i < self->locals_count; ++i)
        ast_delete(self->locals[i]);
    MEM_VECTOR_CLEAR(self, locals);
    mem_d(self);
}

ast_function* ast_function_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name, ast_value *vtype)
{
    ast_instantiate(ast_function, ctx, ast_function_delete);

    if (!vtype ||
        vtype->isconst ||
        vtype->vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION)
    {
        mem_d(self);
        return NULL;
    }

    self->vtype = vtype;
    self->name = name ? util_strdup(name) : NULL;
    MEM_VECTOR_INIT(self, blocks);

    self->labelcount = 0;

    self->ir_func = NULL;
    self->curblock = NULL;

    vtype->isconst = true;
    vtype->constval.vfunc = self;

    return self;
}

MEM_VEC_FUNCTIONS(ast_function, ast_block*, blocks)

void ast_function_delete(ast_function *self)
{
    size_t i;
    if (self->name)
        mem_d((void*)self->name);
    if (self->vtype) {
        /* ast_value_delete(self->vtype); */
        self->vtype->isconst = false;
        self->vtype->constval.vfunc = NULL;
        /* We use unref - if it was stored in a global table it is supposed
         * to be deleted from *there*
         */
        ast_unref(self->vtype);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < self->blocks_count; ++i)
        ast_delete(self->blocks[i]);
    MEM_VECTOR_CLEAR(self, blocks);
    mem_d(self);
}

const char* ast_function_label(ast_function *self)
{
    size_t id = (self->labelcount++);
    sprintf(self->labelbuf, "label%8u", (unsigned int)id);
    return self->labelbuf;
}

/*********************************************************************/
/* AST codegen part
 * by convention you must never pass NULL to the 'ir_value **out'
 * parameter. If you really don't care about the output, pass a dummy.
 * But I can't imagine a pituation where the output is truly unnecessary.
 */

bool ast_value_codegen(ast_value *self, ast_function *func, bool lvalue, ir_value **out)
{
    /* NOTE: This is the codegen for a variable used in an expression.
     * It is not the codegen to generate the value. For this purpose,
     * ast_local_codegen and ast_global_codegen are to be used before this
     * is executed. ast_function_codegen should take care of its locals,
     * and the ast-user should take care of ast_global_codegen to be used
     * on all the globals.
     */
    if (!self->ir_v)
        return false;
    *out = self->ir_v;
    return true;
}

bool ast_global_codegen(ast_value *self, ir_builder *ir)
{
    ir_value *v = NULL;
    if (self->isconst && self->vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION)
    {
        ir_function *func = ir_builder_create_function(ir, self->name);
        if (!func)
            return false;

        self->constval.vfunc->ir_func = func;
        /* The function is filled later on ast_function_codegen... */
        return true;
    }

    v = ir_builder_create_global(ir, self->name, self->vtype);
    if (!v)
        return false;

    if (self->isconst) {
        switch (self->vtype)
        {
            case TYPE_FLOAT:
                if (!ir_value_set_float(v, self->constval.vfloat))
                    goto error;
                break;
            case TYPE_VECTOR:
                if (!ir_value_set_vector(v, self->constval.vvec))
                    goto error;
                break;
            case TYPE_STRING:
                if (!ir_value_set_string(v, self->constval.vstring))
                    goto error;
                break;
            case TYPE_FUNCTION:
                /* Cannot generate an IR value for a function,
                 * need a pointer pointing to a function rather.
                 */
                goto error;
            default:
                printf("TODO: global constant type %i\n", self->vtype);
                break;
        }
    }

    /* link us to the ir_value */
    self->ir_v = v;
    return true;

error: /* clean up */
    ir_value_delete(v);
    return false;
}

bool ast_local_codegen(ast_value *self, ir_function *func)
{
    ir_value *v = NULL;
    if (self->isconst && self->vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION)
    {
        /* Do we allow local functions? I think not...
         * this is NOT a function pointer atm.
         */
        return false;
    }

    v = ir_function_create_local(func, self->name, self->vtype);
    if (!v)
        return false;

    /* A constant local... hmmm...
     * I suppose the IR will have to deal with this
     */
    if (self->isconst) {
        switch (self->vtype)
        {
            case TYPE_FLOAT:
                if (!ir_value_set_float(v, self->constval.vfloat))
                    goto error;
                break;
            case TYPE_VECTOR:
                if (!ir_value_set_vector(v, self->constval.vvec))
                    goto error;
                break;
            case TYPE_STRING:
                if (!ir_value_set_string(v, self->constval.vstring))
                    goto error;
                break;
            default:
                printf("TODO: global constant type %i\n", self->vtype);
                break;
        }
    }

    /* link us to the ir_value */
    self->ir_v = v;
    return true;

error: /* clean up */
    ir_value_delete(v);
    return false;
}

bool ast_function_codegen(ast_function *self, ir_builder *ir)
{
    ir_function *irf;
    ir_value    *dummy;
    size_t    i;

    irf = self->ir_func;
    if (!irf) {
        printf("ast_function's related ast_value was not generated yet\n");
        return false;
    }

    self->curblock = ir_function_create_block(irf, "entry");
    if (!self->curblock)
        return false;

    for (i = 0; i < self->blocks_count; ++i) {
        ast_expression_codegen *gen = self->blocks[i]->expression.codegen;
        if (!(*gen)((ast_expression*)self->blocks[i], self, false, &dummy))
            return false;
    }
    return true;
}

/* Note, you will not see ast_block_codegen generate ir_blocks.
 * To the AST and the IR, blocks are 2 different things.
 * In the AST it represents a block of code, usually enclosed in
 * curly braces {...}.
 * While in the IR it represents a block in terms of control-flow.
 */
bool ast_block_codegen(ast_block *self, ast_function *func, bool lvalue, ir_value **out)
{
    size_t i;

    /* We don't use this
     * Note: an ast-representation using the comma-operator
     * of the form: (a, b, c) = x should not assign to c...
     */
    (void)lvalue;

    /* output is NULL at first, we'll have each expression
     * assign to out output, thus, a comma-operator represention
     * using an ast_block will return the last generated value,
     * so: (b, c) + a  executed both b and c, and returns c,
     * which is then added to a.
     */
    *out = NULL;

    /* generate locals */
    for (i = 0; i < self->locals_count; ++i)
    {
        if (!ast_local_codegen(self->locals[i], func->ir_func))
            return false;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < self->exprs_count; ++i)
    {
        ast_expression_codegen *gen = self->exprs[i]->expression.codegen;
        if (!(*gen)(self->exprs[i], func, false, out))
            return false;
    }

    return true;
}

bool ast_store_codegen(ast_store *self, ast_function *func, bool lvalue, ir_value **out)
{
    ast_expression_codegen *cgen;
    ir_value *left, *right;

    cgen = self->dest->expression.codegen;
    /* lvalue! */
    if (!(*cgen)((ast_expression*)(self->dest), func, true, &left))
        return false;

    cgen = self->source->expression.codegen;
    /* rvalue! */
    if (!(*cgen)((ast_expression*)(self->source), func, false, &right))
        return false;

    if (!ir_block_create_store_op(func->curblock, self->op, left, right))
        return false;

    /* Theoretically, an assinment returns its left side as an
     * lvalue, if we don't need an lvalue though, we return
     * the right side as an rvalue, otherwise we have to
     * somehow know whether or not we need to dereference the pointer
     * on the left side - that is: OP_LOAD if it was an address.
     * Also: in original QC we cannot OP_LOADP *anyway*.
     */
    *out = (lvalue ? left : right);

    return true;
}

bool ast_binary_codegen(ast_binary *self, ast_function *func, bool lvalue, ir_value **out)
{
    ast_expression_codegen *cgen;
    ir_value *left, *right;

    /* In the context of a binary operation, we can disregard
     * the lvalue flag.
     */
     (void)lvalue;

    cgen = self->left->expression.codegen;
    /* lvalue! */
    if (!(*cgen)((ast_expression*)(self->left), func, false, &left))
        return false;

    cgen = self->right->expression.codegen;
    /* rvalue! */
    if (!(*cgen)((ast_expression*)(self->right), func, false, &right))
        return false;

    *out = ir_block_create_binop(func->curblock, ast_function_label(func),
                                 self->op, left, right);
    if (!*out)
        return false;

    return true;
}

bool ast_entfield_codegen(ast_entfield *self, ast_function *func, bool lvalue, ir_value **out)
{
    return false;
}

bool ast_ifthen_codegen(ast_ifthen *self, ast_function *func, bool lvalue, ir_value **out)
{
    if (out) *out = NULL;
    return false;
}

bool ast_ternary_codegen(ast_ternary *self, ast_function *func, bool lvalue, ir_value **out)
{
    /* In theory it shouldn't be possible to pass through a node twice, but
     * in case we add any kind of optimization pass for the AST itself, it
     * may still happen, thus we remember a created ir_value and simply return one
     * if it already exists.
     */
    if (self->phi_out) {
        *out = self->phi_out;
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}